情態(tài)動詞全部

情態(tài)動詞用法情態(tài)動詞的語法特征情態(tài)動詞有詞義嗎？情態(tài)動詞有人稱和數(shù)的變化嗎？3.情態(tài)動詞有時態(tài)嗎？4.情態(tài)動詞能單獨做謂語嗎？情態(tài)動詞的語法特征情態(tài)動詞有一定的詞義，表示某種情緒或態(tài)度，表示可能、愿望、必要、允許、能力等。2.情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，即不隨主語的不同而變化。3.must,need沒有時態(tài)，但有些情態(tài)動詞如can、may,will,haveto有一般式和過去式的變化。4.情態(tài)動詞不能單獨做謂語，必須和實義動詞原形一起構成謂語。情態(tài)動詞的“時態(tài)”形式并不是時間區(qū)別的 主要標志,不少情況下,情態(tài)動詞的現(xiàn)在式 形式和過去式形式都可用來表示現(xiàn)在時 間、過去時間和將來時間。can/could1)表示能力。意思為“能夠、會”，could表示過去的能力，can表示現(xiàn)在的能力。Hecouldplaythepianoattheageof6.Acomputercan'tthinkforitself.

表示能力:

can,could,beableto

1)時態(tài)上：2)意義上：

beableto

能用于各種時態(tài)。can/could

只能表示現(xiàn)在或過去的能力。can/could表示個人有某種能力was/wereableto:表示某人通過努力克服困難做成某事“設法做成某事”相當于：

managedtodosth.succeededindoingsth.。如：_____youunderstandthemeaningofthissentence?Inthefire,he_________escapefromtheburningbuilding.2）表示請求和允許。

Youcangowiththemifyoulike.---Could/CanIhavealookatyournewdesign?---Yes,ofcourseyoucan.(注意此處答語不能用could)表示請求，口語中常用could代替can，使語氣更委婉。3）用在肯定句中，表示__________Anybodycanmakemistakes.Drivingonthesnowyroadscanbeverydangerous.客觀上有可能4）表示主觀的_____，主要用在否定句和疑問句中。It

can’t

beMary.SheisinShanghainow.

猜測表示推測時，could不是過去式，只是語氣更委婉It

couldn’t

beDad.Hewon’tbebackthistimeofevening.

1.Acomputer______thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.A.can’tB.couldn’tC.maynotD.mightnot2.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone______getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto3.---CouldIborrowyourdictionary?

---Yes,ofcourseyou________

A.might

B.willC.can

D.could

4.Mary_____speakthreelanguages.

5.Children____dressupandgototheirneighbours’homestoaskforsweets.6.Trafficaccidents_____happeninsuchsnowyweather.7.It_____

beMary.Shehasfallenill.能力許可客觀上的可能性推測2.may/might1)表示允許，許可，might用于過去時MayIcomein?HesaidImightusehispen.---MayIborrowyourbike?肯定答語否定答語---Yes,youmay./Youcan./Certainly./Sure.---No,youmustn’t./No,youcan't./You'dbetternot.表許可時，等同于can/could2)表示主觀的可能性，might比may可能性更小。Itmaybetrue.Hemightnotcometoday.Maythenewyearbringyoupeace,joyandhappiness.

(3)表示愿望May

yousucceed!Mayyouhaveagoodjourney!祝你旅行開心！祝你成功！

Somefestivalsareheldtosatisfytheancestors,whomightreturneithertohelportodoharm.推測---Excuseme.IsthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace?---Sorry,Iamnotsure,butit____be.A.mightBwillC.mustD.can---AreyoucomingtoJeff'sparty?

---I'mnotsure.I________gototheconcertinstead.

A．must B．would

C．should D．might

翻譯----我能在這個房間抽煙嗎？

.

----可以。

----不行，…

----Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?

----Yes,youcan.

----No,youmustn’t1.表示意愿，will表示現(xiàn)在的意愿，would表示過去的意愿。I

will

sticktomyplanthoughallofyouareagainstit.Itoldhimtogiveupsmoking,buthewouldn’tlisten.3.will/would2.用于第二人稱表示請求、建議等，would比will語氣委婉、客氣。

Will

youtypethis,please?Would

youpleaseopenthewindow?肯定答語---Yes,youwill./Noproblem./3.表示習慣和傾向性will表示現(xiàn)在的習慣，would表示過去的習慣(=usedtodo)。

Fishwilldiewithoutwater.Whenhewasachild,hewouldoftengoskiing.

Iwillneverdothatagain.

2.Theyaskedhimifhewouldgoabroad.

3.Duringthevacation,hewouldvisitmeeveryfourdays.

4.Will/Wouldyoupassmetheball,please?

5.Birdswillflytothesouthinthewinter.

意愿意愿習慣，傾向請求過去的習慣4.shall1）shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見或向對方請示。Shall

weputoffthesportsmeetuntilnextweek?Shall

wegobytrain?Henryiswaitingoutside.Shall

hecomein,sir?2）shall用于第二、第三人稱的陳述句，表示說話人給對方的許諾、命令、警告、威脅等。TellJackhe

shallgetagiftifheperformedwell.(許諾)(警告)You

shallbepunishedifyoubreaktherule.(威脅)

You

shallfailifyoudon’tworkhard.

ShallWhenthechairmanturnsup,nobodyshallsayaword.Studentsshallremainintheirseatsuntilthepapershavebeencollected.Thereisarulethatstudentsshallwearuniform.Itellyouthatyoushallregretsomeday.Heshallfallbehindifheisalwayssolazy.HeshallbepunishedifheinsistsondoingthatYoushallhaveanicepresentforyourbirthdayifyoumakeprogressinstudy.Theyshallgetwhattheywantiftheykeeptheirword.Nothingshallstopusfromcarryingouttheplan.決心、承諾、警告、命令you\he\she\theyshall…..(二三人稱陳述）

命令警告承諾決心3）shall用于第三人稱，用于敘述條約、規(guī)定、法律等文件.Thosebelongingtoourclubshallwearuniforms.我們俱樂部的成員都應該穿制服。---Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?---“Noperson________smokeinthisarea.”A．willB．mayC．shallD.must5.should

1.should表示義務、職責、勸告，意為“應該”。

eg:Youshould

keepyourpromise.Studentsshouldrespectteachers.2）表示說話人________等特殊情感。It’ssurprisingthatMaryshouldnotknowLeiFeng.Itisawonderthatriceshouldgrowinthedesert.Youshouldmakefriendswithsuchaselflessperson.HowshouldIknowwhohelikes？驚訝3）表示推測，譯作“應該”“理應”。It’salready10.Shepromisedtocomeby10.Sheshouldturnupatanymoment.---ShallIgoandbuymorefruitsfortheparty?---No,Ihavealreadybought3baskets.That____beenough.A.canB.shouldC.mayD.mightIt’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack___behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.could

dare“敢”，多用在否定或疑問句中。

Thelittlegirldarenotspeakinpublic.小女孩不敢在公眾面前說話。

Dareyoucatchthelittlecat?你敢抓小貓嗎?

dare當實義動詞要考慮人稱單復數(shù)，時態(tài),后跟動詞不定式todo,但to可以省略。

Doyoudare（to）walkinthedark?

Hedoesn'tdaretotelltheteacherwhathappenedthatday.

Idon’tlikethisTVset.Wemustbuyanewone.Therewasnobus.Theyhadtowalkhome.1.表“必須”時，must

和have

to

的區(qū)別must著重說明主觀意愿，have

to

強調客觀不得不。另外，have

to

能用于更多時態(tài)。

6.mustTHANKYOUSUCCESS12/7/202335可編輯2.must用于一般問句中,肯定回答用___否定式用

_________________，做

“不必”,mustn’t表示_______________

—Must

I

finish

all

homework

at

a

time?

—Yes,youmust.No,

you

needn't.mustneedn’t或don’thaveto“禁止，不允許”3.表示______，意思是___________,抱怨偏要，非得Mustyoumakesomuchnoise?Ifyoumustsmoke,pleasegoout.Mustyoushoutsoloudly?Mustyoucopymyhomework?Myauntmustgiveluckymoneytome.

must表示“偏要,硬要”,指做令人不快的事情4.must表示推測時，只能用于肯定句，表示“準是”,“一定”

musthavedone對過去發(fā)生的事情作出的肯定判斷mustbedoing/be+adj/n對正在進行的動作進行肯定推測他現(xiàn)在一定在看小說。Hemustbereadingnovelsnow.路是濕的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.情態(tài)動詞考題:1.Putonmoreclothes.You

befeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.

A.can

B.could

C.must

D.would2."MustIdrivetohishouseandpickupthechildren?"

"No,

."

A.youshouldn't

B.youmightnot

C.youneedn't

D.youmustn't注意：1.情態(tài)動詞否定形式的用法:

mustn’t不準,禁止needn’t沒必要(=don’thaveto)can’t不能;不可能maynot不可以;可能不shouldn’t不應該(=oughtnotto)注意：2.表示推測的情態(tài)動詞:May/mightmustshouldCan’t/couldn't表示主觀推測，might的可能性比may小用于肯定句，表示肯定，一定表示理應表示不可能不同的“推測”程度可按下列層次排列：Heisathome.(事實)Hemustbeathome.（非常肯定的推斷）Heshouldbeathome.（很可能）Hemaybeathome.（僅僅可能而已）Hemightbeathome.（或許,非常不確定）Hemight/maynotbeathome.（也許不在家）Hecan’tbeathome.（一定不在家）Heisn'tathome.（事實）

+do:表示對現(xiàn)在或將來的情況的推測;+bedoing:表示對正在進行的情況的推測；+havedone：表示對過去所發(fā)生事情的推測

+bedoing+do+havedone對正在發(fā)生的事，情態(tài)動詞＋bedoing的形式。如：

1)Heisn'tintheclassroom．Hemust／may／mightbeplayingfootballontheplayground．他不在教室里。他一定／可能在操場上踢足球。

2)It's12p．m．Shecan／couldnotbetypingnow.

已經(jīng)是夜里十二點了，她不可能現(xiàn)在還在打字。

At

this

moment,

our

teacher

must

be

correcting

our

exam

papers.

情態(tài)動詞表推測1).湯姆可能去上海了,但我不是很肯定.Tom_________________toShanghai,butI’mstillnotsureaboutit.

2).地板很干,昨晚不可能下雨了。

Thegroundisverydry,soit________________lastnight.

3).一定有人闖入了我們的臥室,誰會這樣做呢?Someonemusthavebrokenintoourbedroom.Who_________________it?mayhavegonecan’thaverainedcouldhavedone4.Idon'tknowwheresheis,she_______beinWuhan.5.Atthismoment,ourteacher________________ourexampapers.

這時，我們老師肯定在批改試卷。

6.Theroadiswet.It________________lastnight.(rain)

maymustbemarkingmusthaverained7.Philip________________________seriouslyinthecaraccident.菲利普可能在車禍中受了重傷.8.---Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.

---She_____________________(go)bybus.may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegone注意：3.情態(tài)動詞+havedone表示后悔，責備，遺憾和惋惜等情緒。couldhavedoneShouldhavedoneShouldn’thavedoneNeedn’thavedone原本可以但事實上并未做到本來應該但事實上并未做到本不應該但事實上已做本來沒必要但事實上已做Eg：1.Theaccident_________________(原本可以避免的),butthedriverwastoocareless.我本不應該對媽媽大吼大叫的，___________________________,butitwastoolate.你本來沒必要買一臺新電視，__________________________________,fortheoldoneisstillingoodcondition.couldhavebeenavoidedIshouldn’thaveshoutedatmymomYouneedn’thaveboughtanewTVset高考考題:1.Ithoughtyou_____likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.A.mayB.mightC.wouldD.must2.Whereismypen?I____it.A.mightloseB.wouldhavelostC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelost3.Ididn’thearthephone.I___asleepA.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeenB

D

B

4.---Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.----It____acomfortablejourneyA.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen5.It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack___behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.couldDC1Thethief________infromthekitchenwindowasthedoorwasclosed.A.mayclimb

B.musthaveclimbedC.couldhaveclimbed

D.shouldhaveclimbed---DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn’tfindhimanywhere.---Well.He_____havegonefar–hiscoatisstillhere.A.shouldn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.wouldn’t2.Johnny,you_____playwiththeknife,you_____hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;may

C.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’t1.It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack_____

behereatanymoment.A.mustB.need

C.shouldD.can3.ProfessorSmith,manystudentswanttoseeyou.__________theywaithereoroutside?A.DoB.ShallC.WillD.Would

—IthinkI’llgiveBobaringlaterintheweek.—You_____.Youhaven’tbeenintouchwithhimforages.A.will B.may C.havetoD.should練習坊I.Choosethecorrectanswer.2.John,lookatthetime._____youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?A.MustB.Can C.May D.Should3.There_____anydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepracticedalotinthedrivingschool.A.mustn’tbe B.shan’thaveC.shouldn’tbe D.needn’thave4.TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseit______beveryslow.A.ShouldB.must C.will D.