Unit3被動(dòng)語態(tài)用法總結(jié)課件英語九年級(jí)上冊(cè)

被動(dòng)語態(tài)用法總結(jié)被動(dòng)語態(tài)小結(jié)1.考點(diǎn)揭密2.典型例題解析3.課時(shí)訓(xùn)練一、概述

動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語態(tài)(activevoice)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)(passivevoice)。1.主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)為主動(dòng)語態(tài)；2.主語是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)為被動(dòng)語態(tài)。3.在英語中只有及物動(dòng)詞和一些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的詞組才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式。主干知識(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法3.被動(dòng)語態(tài)常用于以下幾種情況：①不知道或沒必要說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；②強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者而不是執(zhí)行者；③不愿說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；④漢語中的“被、受、由”句式常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：

be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。其中be動(dòng)詞隨人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化而變化；被動(dòng)語態(tài)be字變，過去分詞跟后面。isspoken

ShespeaksChinese.

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HespeaksEnglish.EnglishEnglish.Hebyhim.ChineseChineseShebyher.

被動(dòng)語態(tài)(PassiveVoice)be+done主動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+動(dòng)詞+賓語

被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+be+過去分詞

+by+賓語主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法：1.主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語。2.主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞變成be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞3.主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語變成by短語。各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

2.一般過去時(shí)

3.一般將來時(shí)

4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are+過去分詞（+by短語+其他）

Heispunishedbyhisfather.一般過去時(shí)：was/were+過去分詞（+by短語+其他）Theclassroomwascleanedbystudentstenminutesago。一般將來時(shí)：will/begoingtobe+過去分詞（+by短語+其他）Thesetreeswillbeplantedbyustomorrow。Thesetreesaregoingtobeplantedbyustomorrow。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are+being+過去分詞（+by短語+其他）Theclassroom

isbeingcleaned

bystudentsnow。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/were+being+過去分詞（+by短語+其他）Theclassroomwasbeingcleanedbystudentsat7o’clock現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：has/havebeen+過去分詞（+by短語+其他）Ourhomeworkhasbeenfinishedalready。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedtonight.Thisbookshouldbereturnednextweek.Moretreesshouldbeplantedeveryyear.TheblackboardmaybecleanedbyJim.主動(dòng)句中的賓語補(bǔ)足語如果是不帶to的不定式，make/let/have/see/feel/hear/noticesbdosth.等，在變被動(dòng)句式，要加上to1.Hermothermakesherwashclothes.sheismadetowashherclothesbyhermother.2.Myteacherhasmecleantheblackboard.Iamhadtocleantheblackboardbymyteacher.3.Weoftenhearthegirlsingintheroom.Thegirlisoftenheardtosingbyusintheroom.不及物動(dòng)詞不能直接用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，必須和介詞一起用1.Studentsarelisteningtotheteachercarefully.Theteacherisbeinglistenedtocarefullybystudents.2.Weshould

takegoodcareoftheold.Theoldshouldbetakengoodcareofbyus.3.Shelookedforherlostsoneverywhere.Herlostsonwaslookedforbyhereverywhere.含有雙賓語的句子怎樣變被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.Heoftentellsusstoriesafterclass.Weareoftentoldstoriesbyhimafterclass.Storiesareoftentoldtousbyhimafterclass.2.Mymothergavemeaninterestingbook.Iwasgivenaninterestingbookbymymother.Aninterestingbookwasgiventomebymymother.3.MyfatherboughtmeanewbikelastSunday.IwasboughtanewbikebymyfatherlastsundayAnewbikewasboughtformebymyfatherlastsunday下列主動(dòng)形式常表示被動(dòng)意義1.Moyan′sbooksellswell.2.Thefoodontheplatetastesverygood.3.Theseflowerssmellverysweet.4.Thewindowneedsrepairing.=Thewindowneedstoberepaired.5.Thedoorwon′tshut.6.Waterfeels

verycold.7.Theclotheswashes

well.8.Thesilkfeels

smooth.9.Thecottonfeels

verysoft.下列單詞或短語沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)(1)open，lock，write，sell，wash，cut，drive等詞作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，它們的主語為物，可以用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)意義。(2)表示感覺的連系動(dòng)詞：feel，look，smell，sound，taste等后跟表語時(shí)，總是用其主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義，它們不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。(3)在beworthdoing中，doing表被動(dòng)意義。(4)want/need/require＋doing相當(dāng)于want/need/require＋tobedone。指點(diǎn)迷津從形式上來