2023名校版高考英語閱讀理解精讀附答案

2023名校版高考英語閱讀理解精

讀附答案

Alargebodyofevidenceshowsthatexercisestrengthensour

brains.Instudies,activepeoplegenerallyhavemoregraymatter.

Graymatterismadeupofthebrainfsessential,working

neurons（神經(jīng)元）.Fitpeoplealsotendtohavehealthierwhite

matter,whichsupportsandconnectsneurons.Partlyasa

consequenceofthese,exerciseisstronglylinkedwithlowerrisks

ofdementia（癡呆）andothermemoryproblemswithage.

Butexercisemayincreaseexposuretoairpollutionand

previousstudieshaveshowntheoppositeeffectsofairpollution

onthebrain.So,whathappensthen?

Someresearcherslookedatthousandsofmiddle-agedadults

fromtheUKBio-bank.Theresearcherscharacterizedtheir

physicalactivitypatternsdependingontheamountofphysical

activitycollectedfromthedevicesresearchersaskedthemto

wear.Theythenevaluatedairpollutionlevelswherethepeople

lived,askedtheparticipantstocompletebrainscans,andfinally,

comparedthem.Researchersfoundthatexercisewaslinkedto

excellentbrainhealthforpeopleinareaswithlittleairpollution.

Butthebeneficialassociationsalmostdisappearedforexercisers

livinginareaswithevenmoderate（中度的）airpollution.Theyhad

lessgraymatterandmoreunhealthywhitematterthanpeople

livingandexercisingawayfrompollution,eveniftheirworkouts

weresimilar.

Extendingthesefindingsinafollow-upstudy,thesame

scientistsfoundthatthemorepeopleexercised,thelesslikely

theyweretodevelopdementiaovertime—providedtheirlocal

airwasclear.Whenitwasmoderatelypolluted,though,theyhad

anincreasedlong-termriskofdementia,whethertheyexercised

ornot.

Thesestudiesincreasetheurgencyfordeveloping

more-effectiveregulationsrelatedtoairquality.Publicpolicy

couldbeusedtoaddresspeople'sexposuretoairpollution

duringexercise.Forexample,sinceagreatamountofair

pollutioncomesfromtraffic,promotingrunningorbicycling

alongpathsfarfromheavytrafficmaybemorebeneficial.

12Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthefirstparagraph?

A.Thereasonsbehinddementia.

B.Thebenefitsofworkoutsonbrains.

CTheworkingprocessofourbrains.

D.Theexercisesuitableforpeoplewithdementia.

13.Whydidtheresearchersasktheparticipantstowearthe

devices?

A.Torecordtheirdailyroutine.

B.Tomonitorthelocalairquality.

C.Tohelpknowtheirexercisepatterns.

D.Towarnthemofhealthyproblems.

14.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudies?

A.Memoryproblemsshouldbecured.

B.Thestructureofthebrainiscomplicated.

C.Peoplefacemanyriskfactorsfordementia.

D.Morerulesagainstairpollutionshouldbemadequickly.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Airqualityhastobeimprovedurgently.

B.Mostpeopledoexerciseinawrongway.

C.Airpollutionmayreducebenefitsofexercise.

D.Peoplewithdiseasesshoulddomoreexercise.

BCDC

Onethirdofadultsover65inAmericahaveneverusedthe

Internet,andhalfdon'tevenhaveInternetaccessathome.In

SanFrancisco,Hthecenteroftech",40%ofolderadultsdonot

havebasicdigitalliteracyskills.

Thissituationisbecomingappallingasover10,000

Americansturn65everysingleday.By2050,22%ofAmericans

willbe65orolder.Meanwhile,technologyisdevelopingvery

fast.Thismeansthatalargenumberofpeoplewillbeunableto

proficientlyuseemergenttechnology.

Manypeoplebelievethatseniorsaren,trequiredto

participateinourtechfuturebecausethey*IIberetiredand

relaxedsoon.Butthisisthefarthestthingfromthetruth.Baby

boomersarecurrentlyexperiencingadifferentboom:Withmore

peoplegettingolderthaneverbefore,theirlifeexpedienciesare

alsoincreasingdramatically.Withmedicaladvancements,the

numberofAmericanpeopleprojectedtoliveintotheir90'shas

doubledsince1965.

However,theydon1thavestrongfinancialoreducational

support.Thisisnotaproblem;it'sacrisis.Morethanhalfof

employeesover50havebeenlaidoffinwhat'sbeingcalled"

forcedretirementAndfeworganizationsareactivelyhelping

olderemployeesmakethetransitionfromfull-timejobsto

part-timeones.Forthosefortunateenoughtobeemployed,3

outof5olderworkersexperienceprejudice.

Theeasiestsolutionistoteachdigitalliteracy.Ifbaby

boomerswanttosurvivetheforthcomingretirementcrisis,they

shouldgetenoughdigitalknowledgeandskillstooperatetoday/

stoolsandtomorrow,splatforms.Witheverycrisiscomesan

opportunity.Tutoring,customerservice,editing,research,

book-keeping,andothervirtualassistance-basedworkopenthe

doors.Butagain,digitalknowledgeisfirstrequiredtoliveinour

high-techsocietyandgigeconomy.Sotrytogetmoreonline

andnavigatethegrowingnumberofsitesandapps.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"appalling"probablymean

inparagraph2?

A.Confusing.

B.Terrible.

C.Controllable.

D.Inspiring.

9.Whatproblemmaybabyboomersface?

A.Acrisisafterretirement.

B.Beingknockedoutinthefuture.

C.Failingtoreceivegoodhealthcare.

D.Tendingtodoubletheirlifeexpediencies.

10.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thefeaturesofhigh-techjobs.

B.Thewayoutforbabyboomers.

C.Potentialindus