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文檔簡介
源自高考真題中的語言現(xiàn)象
編者按:高考真題中約85%的語篇選自國外主流英文報紙、雜志、書籍或網(wǎng)
站,文章的語言原汁原味,選材具有真實性、鮮活性和時效性,而且其中很多地
地道道的英文表達是中國學(xué)生從未接觸過的,因此在很大程度上增加了試題的難
度。建議同學(xué)們平時多閱讀近幾年高考真題中的文本素材,用心學(xué)習(xí)和體會真實
的英語文章的文風(fēng)和表達方式,相信這樣做能使同學(xué)們快速適應(yīng)并習(xí)慣高考選文
的語言特征,從而高效地提高英語閱讀能力。
I知識層面
從高考材料中學(xué)習(xí)語言知識
(對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第1頁)
:單詞用法:
I.在空白處寫出漢語意思
1.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀B)Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyonein
Australiaovertheageof15whodoesn'townamobilephone.
[要點提煉]behardpressedtodosth.很難做某事
2.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀D)Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.
f要點提煉]strikesb.as...讓某人覺得...
3.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀C)VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressure
bigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.
[要點提煉]pressuresb.todosth.迫使某人做某事
4.(2021?全國卷H?閱讀D)Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkers
becomediscouragedandgiveup?
[要點提煉]affordtodosth.承擔(dān)得起/承受得起做某事的后果
5.(2021?新高考卷I?閱讀D)Emotionalintelligence,withitsfocusonboth
headandheart,mayservetopointusintherightdirection.
[要點提煉]servetodosth.用來做某事
II.用括號內(nèi)的單詞和所給漢語補全句子
1.(2020?全國卷I?完形填空)IshouldjustacceptrepeatedlyhavingSosay(接受
被迫一遍又一遍地說),“No.Wecan'tgooutsidenow.v(accept)
2.(2020?全國卷II?語法填空)Theyrepresenttheearthcomingbacktolife(代表
大地恢復(fù)生機)andbestwishesfornewbeginnings.(represent)
3.(2020?江蘇卷?閱讀B)LoveFone,acompanythatadvocatesrepairing
cellphones(倡導(dǎo)維修手用L)ratherthanabandoningthem,openedaminiworkshopin
aLondonphoneboxin2016.(advocate)
4.(2020?全國卷III?語法填空)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriver
andthesoftcloudssurroundingthemountaintops,hewasreducedtotears(淚流滿
面).(reduce)
5.(2020-新高考卷I?閱讀C)InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthe
architecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethods
whensuspectedof(被,懷疑)drugdealing.(suspect)
:短語含義:
I.在空白處寫出漢語意思
1.(2021?新高考卷I?閱讀A)There*salsoanareaontherooftopforhangingout
withothertravelersduringthesummer.
[要點提煉]hangout逗留;閑逛
2.(2021?新高考卷I?閱讀B)Youhavetomakesureyoudon*tturntwopagesat
onceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktothe
rightspot.
[要點提煉]atonce一次
3.(2021?新高考卷I?七選五)TheFrenchtaketheir35-hourworkweek
seriously一soseriouslythatsomelaborunionsrecentlystruckadealwithagroupof
companieslimitingthenumberofhoursthatindependentcontractorscanbeoncall.
[要點提煉[strikeadeal達成協(xié)議;oncall隨叫隨到;隨時待命
4.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀B)Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.
[要點提煉]fallinto可歸入;屬于
2
5.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀B)MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosing
tostickwiththeirhomephone.
[要點提煉]stickwith繼續(xù)使用;不放棄
6.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀B)Ageisn'ttheonlyfactor;Fdsayitsalsotodowith
themakeupofyourhousehold.
「要點提煉]betodowith與...有關(guān)
7.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀B)Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?
[要點提煉|beattachedto喜歡;依戀于...
8.(2021?全國卷H?閱讀B)...butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihaveno
doubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.
[要點提煉|beoutandabout四處走動;外出活動
9.(2021?全國卷H?閱讀C)Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue-sky
days,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.
[要點提煉Joutofplace不自在;別扭
10.(2021?全國卷II?閱讀D)Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthat
belief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare
“really,reallysmart.v
[要點提煉]acton根據(jù)……行事
11.(2021?全國卷II?閱讀-七選五)Anddon'tforgettoputoutsomecookiesand
fruits.
[要點提煉]putout擺好;預(yù)備好
12.(2021?全國卷II?語法填空)Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwe
stoppedatthedifferentgatesandwatchtowerstotakepicturesorjusttowatchthe
localpeoplegoingabouttheirdailyroutines.
[要點提煉]goabout從事;進行(日常的活動)
13.(2021?浙江卷?閱讀A)Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergiven
upon,canmakeforaremarkablelife.
[要點提煉Jgiveupon對...不抱希望
14.(2021?浙江卷?閱讀C)Wecanruleoutthatthedogssimplydistinguish
betweenthepicturesbasedonasimplecue,suchasthesightofteeth.
3
[要點提煉]ruleout排除……的可能性
15.(2021?浙江卷?閱讀七選五)???afterawhile,youneverreceiveasmanyas
yousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit...
[要點提煉[beinto喜歡
II.根據(jù)所給漢語在空白處填入恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z
1.(2021?新高考卷I?閱讀C)Whentheexplorersfirstsetfootupon(踏上)the
continentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishing
varietyofwildlife.(提示詞:set)
2.(2020?全國卷I?閱讀B)Thefirst,whichItaketo(喜歡)readingevery
spring,isErnestHemingway'sAMoveableFea".(提示詞:take)
3.(2020?全國卷H?閱讀C)Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheck(控制;抑制)for
decades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sized
animalsmultipliedlikecrazy.(提示詞:keep)
4.(2020?全國卷H?閱讀C)DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhile
tocomearoundto(轉(zhuǎn)變至U)theopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsis
morallyacceptable.(提示詞:come)
5.(2020?全國卷H?閱讀D)...whileotherkidsplayedballorwenttoparties,I
livedout(體驗;經(jīng)歷)adventuresthroughthebooksIcheckedoutfromthelibrary.(提
示詞:live)
6.(2020?全國卷HI?閱讀C)Ritacutsin(插話):“WespokemorewithNick
becauseIthinkit'sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother-in-law.(提示詞:cut)
7.(2020?全國卷HI?完形填空)Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore,
waslivinginaflatbyherself,andsinceshe'dfoundittoomuchtocopewith,she'd
takenitouton(遷怒于)otherpeople.(提示詞:take)
8.(2020?新高考卷I?閱讀C)Afewyearslater,stillattractedto(喜歡)the
country,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceofthe
AralSea.(提示詞:attract)
9.(2020?新高考卷I?閱讀C)Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year-oldwho
pickedup(無意中學(xué)會)hiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,his
hostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers』提示詞:pick)
4
10.(2020?新高考卷I憫讀D)Andcontraryto(與.相反)existingresearch
thatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),
it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.(提示詞:contrary)
11.(2020?新高考卷I?閱讀D)Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedto
helpherselfto(隨意吃)asnack.(提示詞:help)
12.(2020?新高考卷I?閱讀D)Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,
rilholdback(克制)abitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.(提示詞:hold)
13.(2020?新高考卷I?讀后續(xù)寫)Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomake
endsmeet(使收支平衡).(提示詞:make)
14.(2020?新高考卷II憫讀A)Camperswhosignupfor(報名參力口)the2-week
secretagentcampcangettoknowaboutthelifeofrealsecretagentsbylearning
strategiesandmilitaryskillsonthepaintballfield.(提示詞:sign)
15.(2020?天津卷?完形填空)Theideaiscatchingon(流行;時興)quickly.(提示
詞:catch)
:句型結(jié)構(gòu):
I.在空白處寫出漢語意思
1.(2021?新高考卷I?閱讀C)LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgram
hasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.
[句型提煉[little/smaH/nowonder為固定句型,是itislittle/small/nowonder
that…的省略形式。意為“難怪……”o
2.(2021?全國卷H?閱讀D)Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmore
intelligentorcreativethantherestofus?
[句型提煉]Whyisitthat…是強調(diào)句型的一種特殊結(jié)構(gòu),意為“到底是為什
么...”o類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有Where/When/How/Who/Whatisitthat…。
3.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀B)Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlamps
andmorningmilkdeliveries?
[句型提煉]Howlonguntil…是Howlongwillitbeuntil...句型的省略,這里的
until可換成before,意為“多久之后才...”。
4.(2021?浙江卷?閱讀七選五)Ascoolasitmaybetoreceiveapostcardwritten
inChinese,theconceptdoesn'tworkifonedoesn'tunderstandit.
5
[句型提煉]as…asitmaybe為固定句型,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為:“盡
管……”o
5.(2020?全國卷I?完形填空)Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,be
theyrealormetaphorical,theywon'thesitatetoopenthemandwalkthrough.
[句型提煉]bethey是whethertheybe的省略句,whether從句中可用原形動
詞表示虛擬語氣,如去掉whether,句子要改用倒裝bethey,意為“無論...”。
II.根據(jù)所給漢語完成句子
1.(2021?新高考卷I?七選五)Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantastically
expensivesixth-floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.
所以我們做的第一件事就是租了一套非常昂貴的六樓公寓,有櫥柜那么大。
2.(2021?全國卷H?閱讀C)WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,Ifoundmyself
wanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.
2004年,當(dāng)我回到倫敦時,我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己徘徊在南岸,在那里待了幾個小時。
3.(2021?全國卷H憫讀D)Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethat
socialfactors(因素)likegender,raceandclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceof
genius.
我們看得越多,就越會看到像性別、種族和階級這樣的一些社會因素并不決
定天才的誕生。
4.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀A)Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;goneare
thedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.
甚至足球迷也會每人一個座位;數(shù)千人站著看比賽的日子一去不復(fù)返了。
5.(2020?江蘇江任務(wù)型閱讀)Whenitcomestoin-personhumor,effortcountsa
lot.
當(dāng)談到個人幽默時,努力是很重要的。
|_!1做[能力層面
依據(jù)高考材料突破重點難點
(對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第4頁)
詞匯熟詞生義
I.理解句中黑體字的意義
1.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀A)Inaround80A.D.,theRomansbuiltthe
6
Colosseum,whichremainstheworld'sbestknownstadiumandcontinuestoinform
contemporarydesign.[對...有影響]
2.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀A)Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveused
datasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstated
permanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.
[公布的]
3.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀C)Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakea
difference?[吸管]
4.(2021?全國卷I?完形填空)Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwould
beifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferentgradesofgratitude.[程度]
5.(2021?全國卷I?完形填空)Whenshereachedonenurse,shetriedtopressa
five-poundnoteintoherhand.[硬塞]
6.(2021?全國卷I?完形填空)Oh,thisisn'tforthecareIhad.Itakethatasa
given.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.[理所應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)氖拢?/p>
7.(2021?全國卷II?閱讀A)Iclimbedtothetopofasmallriseandrealizedthat
themistwaslittlemorethanafewfeetdeep,,??[小山丘]
8.(2021?全國卷H?閱讀A)Iusedclassicaltechniques,translatedfrommy
collegedaysspentinthedarkroomintoPhotoshop,toachievetheblack-and-white
image.[轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?;轉(zhuǎn)化為]
9.(2021?全國卷H?閱讀A)...Icameacrossasmallclearingandimmediately
noticedthedeadyellowgrassessetagainstthefreshsnow.[(林間的)空土也]
10.(2021?全國卷II?閱讀C)Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,is
thecenterofBritishskateboarding,...[拐彎處]
11.(2021?全國卷II?閱讀C)Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,my
friendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:"Safe!Safe!Safe!”[掌握]
12.(2021?全國卷II?閱讀C)Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefar
lesswelcoming.[熱情的]
13.(2021?全國卷II?閱讀七選五)It*thebestwaytogetridofyourusedclothes,
scoreclothesfromyourfriends,andhaveapartyallatthesametime.[獲得]
14.(2021?新高考卷I?閱讀B)Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthe
7
pagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn'thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingit
themselves.[(音樂的)總譜;樂譜]
15.(2021?新高考卷I?閱讀B)Somepiecesofmusiccangofor40minutesand
requireupto50pageturns,includingbackturnsforrepeatpassages.曲的重復(fù)
段]
16.(2021?新高考卷I?閱讀B)Iwasturningthepagetogetreadyforthenext
page,butthedraftwindfromtheturncausedthesparepagestofalloffthestand.
[小股氣流/支架]
17.(2021?新高考卷I?閱讀B)He*sabsorbedinthemusic,feelingeverynote,
andIhavetosay:“Tum,turn!”[音符]
18.(2021?新高考卷I憫讀C)In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBird
HuntingStampAct(Act),anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostop
thedestructionofmigratory(遷徙的)waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheir
survival.[法案的通過]
19.(2021?新高考卷I?完形填空)Ithappenedthattheplantdowntownneeded
eightkidsfortemporaryhelpduringourspringbreak,forwhichIhadnoplans
beyondlisteningtomyfavoriterecords.[除了;除...之夕卜]
20.(2021.新高考卷I?讀后續(xù)寫)Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkand
putintheothersliceofbread.[(廚房里的)洗滌池;水槽]
II.寫出句中黑體字的漢語意思
1.(2020?全國卷I?閱讀B)There*sawelcomefamiliarity一butalsosometimesa
slightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.令人愉悅
的
2.(2020?全國卷I?閱讀C)Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.身體素質(zhì)突
出的;體能好的
3.(2020?全國卷I?閱讀C)However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyas
muchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.沖擊
4.(2020?全國卷I?閱讀C)Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderable
stressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwantto
becautiousinadoptingthesport.選擇
8
5.(2020?全國卷I?閱讀D)We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantsto
replacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday.改變...的基因(或遺傳)結(jié)構(gòu)
6.(2020?全國卷H?閱讀A)Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresof
celebratedandaward-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.著名的
7.(2020?全國卷II?閱讀C)Hesaysit*snoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafur
isgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.環(huán)保的
8.(2020?全國卷H?完形填空)NicoloandanotherbidderbattleduntilNicolo
finallywonthepa血ingsfor$32.競爭;競價
9.(2020?全國卷HI?閱讀C)“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingata
house,"saysKathrynWhitehead.提出(想法)
10.(2020?全國卷HI?閱讀D)“Itseemedliketheperfectchancefornatural
selectiontoactonapopulation9“saidDr.Ilardo.種群;族群
11.(2020?全國卷HI?閱讀七選五)Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywant
orneedfortheirnewhomeatalocalstoreorstores.預(yù)定
12.(2020?全國卷HI?語法填空)Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountains
inmanyshadesofblue.色度
13.(2020?新高考卷I?閱讀A)Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablemention
winners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight.提名獎
14.(2020?新高考卷I?閱讀B)Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvanceher
careerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:
nursing.促進
15.(2020?新高考卷I?閱讀B)Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,
andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.支付
16.(2020?新高考卷I?閱讀B)Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademic
standingandgraduatedwithhonors.名次;等級
17.(2020?浙江卷?閱讀B)Adaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemand
thatisthereisbeingaddressed.處理;應(yīng)對
18.(2020?浙江卷?閱讀七選五)1quicklygraduatedfromtypicalchildren'sbooks
tooneswithfewerpicturesandlongerchapters.升級
19.(2020?天津卷?閱讀B)BeforeVinniecouldsayyes,thePresidenthuniedon,
9
ashadeofapologyinhisvoice.少許
20.(2020?天津卷?閱讀D)Together,thesedeephumanurges?區(qū)策)J)countfor
muchmorethanambition.有重要意義
句子
I.理解句中黑體部分的意義
1.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀A)However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththe
city'sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250,000people.
1譯文]然而,與該市容納約25萬人的馬克西姆斯馬戲團劇院相比,這只
是小菜一碟。
2.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀C)Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource(來
源)ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeople
don'tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,they
cannotberecycled.
[譯文]塑料吸管絕不是最大的塑料污染源,但是最近卻受到了抨擊,因為
大多數(shù)人不需要用它們來喝水,而且由于它們的體積和重量很小,不能被回收利
用。
3.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀D)Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan't
stopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers1conversationswhilewe'retryingto
focus.
[譯文]問題可能是,在辦公室里,當(dāng)我們試圖集中精力時,卻禁不住會卷
入他人的交談之中。
4.(2021?全國卷I?完形填空)Andthereyouhaveit.
[譯文]你現(xiàn)在懂了吧。
5.(2021?全國卷H?閱讀A)Takeaviewisadesirableannualcompetitionfor
photographersfromallcornersoftheUKandbeyond.
[譯文]Takeaview是來自英國及世界各地的攝影師所向往的一項年度賽
事。
6.(2021?全國卷H?閱讀C)…thecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyour
headringing.
[譯文]滑板的不斷撞擊聲讓你的腦袋嗡嗡作響。
10
7.(2021-全國卷II,閱讀D)Inawiredworldwithconstantglobal
communication,we*reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.
[譯文]在這樣一個全球通訊頻繁、網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)達的世界里,無論何處誕生天才,
我們隨時隨地都能看到他們的閃耀。
8.(2021?全國卷H?閱讀七選五)Maybeyousay“go,"orturnonacertain
song,orwhatever.
[譯文]也許你會說“開始”,或者播放某首歌曲,或者別的什么。
9.(2021?全國卷^?完形填空)O]derandwisernow,Burchillchalkedupthe
incidenttoyouthfulindiscretion(莽撞).
[譯文]現(xiàn)在伯奇爾長大了,也懂事了,他把這件事歸咎于年少時的莽撞。
10.(2021?新高考卷I?閱讀A)Staffmembersholdplentyofbareventsfor
guests,likefreeshotsybarcrawlsandkaraoke.
[譯文]工作人員會為客人舉辦很多酒吧活動,如免費烈酒、喝通關(guān)和卡拉
OKo
11.(2021?新高考卷I?讀后續(xù)寫)Therewasnothingtoit.JennaandJeffknew
exactlywhattodo.
[譯文]這不是什么難事。珍娜和杰夫很清楚該怎么辦。
12.(2021?浙江卷?閱讀A)Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemore
thanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.
[譯文]他只是通過平凡的努力和毅力就建立非凡的事業(yè)。
13.(2021?浙江卷?閱讀C)Ifyouevergettheimpressionthatyourdogcan
“tell”whetheryoulookcontentorannoyed,youmaybeontosomething.
[譯文]如果你印象中的狗能辨別你是滿意還是生氣,你或許快接近真相
了。
14.(2021?浙江卷?|閱讀-七選五)Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls9however,
Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online.
[譯文]然而,為了尋找其他志同道合的人,保羅開始留意于一個不太可能
的地方:網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
15.(2021?浙江卷?完形填空)So,whoeveryouare,thankyoufortherandom
actofkindnessthatnotonlyhelpedmymotherout,butmadeherdaytoo.
ii
[譯文]因此,無論你是誰,我都要感謝你,你無意中的善舉不僅幫助我母
親擺脫了困境,還讓她非常高興。
II.將句中黑體部分翻譯成漢語
1.(2020?全國卷I?閱讀B)Ifstrue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehas
wings.
[譯文]沒錯,隨著年齡的增長,我越發(fā)覺得時光在飛逝。
2.(2020?全國卷I?閱讀B)Eachhastopulltheirownweight.
[譯文]無論哪一方,都要盡自己的本分。
3.(2020?全國卷I?閱讀B)AnotherisAnnieDillard'sHolytheFirm,herpoetic
1975ramble(隨筆)abouteverythingandnothing.
[譯文]另一本是安妮?狄勒德的《神圣的堅實》,這是她1975年寫的一些關(guān)
于生活瑣事的隨筆,富有詩情畫意。
4.(2020?全國卷I?閱讀B)Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastime
passes.
[譯文]最好的書就是數(shù)年以后還想重讀的書。
5.(2020?全國卷I?閱讀D)Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionof
thetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthat
wouldlasttheplant'slifetime.
[譯文]該團隊希望未來能開發(fā)出一種新技術(shù),此技術(shù)可以一次性噴灑到植
物的葉子上,以延長該植物的壽命。
6.(2020?全國卷I?閱讀七選五)Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrength
beforeweakness.
[譯文]開始訓(xùn)練你的大腦,讓其先看到優(yōu)點,再看到缺點。
7.(2020?全國卷H?閱讀C)Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfor
theenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn'tcrossyourmind.
「譯文]當(dāng)你想弄清楚在節(jié)日禮物清單上該給環(huán)保人士買些什么時,你可能
沒想過買皮衣。
8.(2020?全國卷H?閱讀D)Ihaveaspecialplaceinmyheartforlibraries.Ihave
foraslongasIcanremember.
[譯文]我對圖書館情有獨鐘。從記事起就一直鐘愛。
12
9.(2020?全國卷II?閱讀D)Storieswerelikeairtome...
[譯文]故事對我來說是必不可少的……
10.(2020?全國卷國閱讀D)Itwasabigdealforustoloadupandgotothe
locallibrary,wheremykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheywantedme
toreadtothem.
[譯文]對我們來說坐上車去當(dāng)?shù)貓D書館非常重要,在那里我的孩子們能夠
選出要讀的書或者他們想讓我讀給他們聽的書。
11.(2020?全國卷H?語法填空)Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringanda
renewaloflife.
[譯文]他們代表著春天的希望和生命的復(fù)蘇。
12.(2020?全國卷III?閱讀B)Buttheyweren'ttheretothrowredpainton
fur-coat-wearingfilmstars.
[譯文]但是他們在那里并不是抗議那些穿皮衣的影星。
13.(2020?全國卷HI?閱讀B)Infact,Hollywoodhasbeenhotonliveanimals
lately.
[譯文]事實上,好萊塢最近很熱衷于使用活動物拍片子。
14.(2020,全國卷HI?閱讀七選五)Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedis
theonewhothrowstheparty.
[譯文]買房或喬遷新居的人就是舉辦這次聚會的人。
15.(2020?全國卷III?完形填空)Maybeshe'shadarowwithherhusband.
Maybeherchild'snotwell.
[譯文]或許她剛與丈夫吵了架,或許她的孩子身體不太好。
16.(2020,全國卷III?完形填空)Alwayswateritdownanddon'tletyourego(自
我)getintheway.
[譯文]一定要把你心中的怒火壓下來,不讓你的自尊心成為障礙。
17.(2020?新高考卷I?閱讀D)Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefood
thantheynormallywouldhave.
1譯文]參與者照著做,吃了比平時更多的食物。
18.(2020?新高考卷I?讀后續(xù)寫)Theotherchildrenalsojumpedupall
attention.
[譯文]其他孩子也站了起來,全神貫注地聆聽。
13
19.(2020-JWiI^-lMJi^C)Researchers...assessedthevolunteers*memoryand
thinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.
[譯文]研究者……通過一連串的測試評估了志愿者的記憶力和思維技能。
20.(2020-浙江卷?閱讀C)Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientists
accountedfortheparticipants1overallhealthstatus.
[譯文]即使在科學(xué)家解釋了參與者的總體健康狀況之后,這些結(jié)論仍然成
立。
句子
I.弄清下列句子的結(jié)構(gòu)并理解其意義
1.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀B)OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athird
concedethatit'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket一
19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseof
emergencies.
本句是一個主從復(fù)合句。athirdconcede…為主句,thatit'snotreallynecessary
andthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,破折號后面解
釋說明前面的內(nèi)容。whostillhavealandline為限制性定語從句修飾先行詞
Australianso
[譯文]在那些仍然擁有座機的澳大利亞人中,三分之一的人承認家里擺放
座機真的沒必要,他們只是把它當(dāng)作一種安全保障—19%的人說他們從來沒用
過,另有13%的人保留座機是防備緊急情況。
2.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀B)Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverring
ourhomeareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameand
guesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone(usingCallerIDwouldtakethefun
outofit).
本句是一個復(fù)合句。Thatsaid是習(xí)語,意為“話雖如此”,表示轉(zhuǎn)折,相當(dāng)
于Howevero主句是theonlypeopleareourBabyBoomersparentso第一個who弓]
出的是一個定語從句,修飾people。tothepoint意為“達到這種程度或地步”,
后面的where引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾point。第二個who引出的是一個賓語從句,
作guess的賓語。before引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句。
[譯文]話雖如此,但老實說,用座機給我們家打過電話的人只是“嬰兒潮
14
一代”的父母,以至于我們在接電話之前會玩猜猜誰打來電話的游戲(使用來電
顯示就失去樂趣了)。
3.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀C)Forthiswork,titled"TruckloadofPlastic,”Von
Wongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,which
werethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'dbeendumped(傾倒)fromatruckallat
once.
本句是一個主從復(fù)合句。主句為VbnWongandagroupofvolunteerscollected
morethan10,000piecesofplastic,其后which引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞10,
000piecesofplastic;tolook…作狀語,其中l(wèi)ikethey'dbeendumped(傾倒)froma
truckallatonce是表語從句;titleduTruckloadofPlasticv是過去分詞短語作定
語,修飾thiswork。
[譯文]為了這件名為“一卡車塑料”的作品,VonWong和一組志愿者收集
了1萬多塊塑料,然后將它們綁在一起,看起來就像是從卡車上一下子傾倒下來
似的。
4.(2021?全國卷I?閱讀D)Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-face
interactionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspace
oracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrom
interruptions.
本句是一個并列復(fù)合句。第二個逗號后面的and連接兩個并列分句,前面的
分句中包含that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,作動詞found的賓語;后面的分句中whilealso
providingfreedomfrominten*uptions為狀語從句的省略。
[譯文]確實,研究者發(fā)現(xiàn),面對面的互動和對話會影響創(chuàng)作進程,但聯(lián)合
辦公場所或咖啡館雖然有一定程度的噪音,但也提供了不受干擾的自由。
5.(2021?全國卷I?語法填空)Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseit
allowsthetravelertobecomeeducatedabouttheareas—bothintermsof
geographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyfor
conservationandbenefitsthedevelopmentofthelocalareas.
本句中Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourism是主句,because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從
句,該從句中allows,provides和benefits是三個并列謂語。bothintermsof
geographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics作狀語,起補充說明作用。
15
[譯文]它不同于傳統(tǒng)的旅游業(yè),因為它使旅游者能夠了解當(dāng)?shù)氐牡乩項l件
和文化特征,并經(jīng)常為生態(tài)保護提供資金,這利于當(dāng)?shù)氐陌l(fā)展。
6.(2021?全國卷H?閱讀D)AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatas
youngasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheir
gender(性別)arereally,reallysmart.”
本句為復(fù)合句。AstudyrecentlypublishedbyScience是主句的主語,其中
recentlypublishedbyScience是過去分詞短語作后置定語修飾study,found后是
that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,在該從句中say后面又接一個that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
~~《科學(xué)》雜志最近發(fā)表的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn),早在6歲時,相比男孩,
女孩子更不可能說女孩“非常,非常聰明”。
7.(2021?全國卷H?語法填空)Afterspendingsometimelookingatallthe
defensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat
betterthantorideonapieceofhistory!
本句是并列句。第一個分句是wedecideditwastimeforsomeaction;第二個
分句是whatbetterthantorideonapieceofhistory!前面的Afterspending...是介詞
短語作時間狀語。
[譯文]在花了一些時間查看了城墻上的所有防御設(shè)備之后,我們決定是時
候采取一些行動了。還有什么比在一段擁有悠久歷史的城墻上騎行更好的呢!
8.(2021?新高考卷I?閱讀B)Silentonstagecommunicationiskey,andeach
pianisthastheirownstyleof“nodding“toindicateapageturnwhichtheyneedto
practisewiththeirpageturner.
本句中連詞and連接兩個并列分句,第二個分句中toindicate…為不定式短
語作目的狀語,其中whichtheyneedtopractisewiththeirpageturner為定語從句
修飾apageturno
[譯文]舞臺上的無聲交流是關(guān)鍵,每個鋼琴家都有自己的“點頭示意”的
風(fēng)格來暗示翻頁,這需要他們和樂譜翻頁員一起練習(xí)。
9.(2021?新高考卷I?閱讀C)About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoes
directlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlife
habitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem——afactthatensures
thislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.
16
本句中,不定式短語topurchase...theNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem作目的
狀語,破折號后面的內(nèi)容起解釋說明作用,其中thatensuresthislandwillbe
protectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome是定語從句,修飾先行詞afacto
[譯文]售賣鴨票所得的每一美元中,約有98美分將直接進入候鳥保護基
金,用于購買濕地和野生動物棲息地,以便納入國家野生動物保護系統(tǒng)——這一
事實確保了這片土地將受到保護,并供子孫后代所使用。
10.(2021?新高考卷I?閱讀D)Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothers
arefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelphe
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