新教材高中英語(yǔ)UNITWILLIERTETIN單元綜合檢測(cè)含解析新人教版必修第二冊(cè)

PAGE13-Unit2單元綜合檢測(cè)(二)第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASinceitfirstopenedafterfouryearsofconstructionin1937atacostof$27million，theGoldenGateBridgehasmadeitsappearanceinfilmsandpoetry.CNNTravelspentadayclimbingintoandgroundthebridge，learningthesesecretsfromthepeoplewhoknowandloveitbest.WhyisitcalledtheGoldenGateBridge？It'snotgolden.“TheGoldenGateBridgegetsitsnamebecauseitspanswhatiscalledtheGoldenGateStrait，”saidPaoloCosulich-Schwartz，spokesmanfortheGoldenGateBridge，HighwayandTransportationDistrict，whichoperatesthebridge.It'sathree-mile-longandone-mile-widebodyofwaterthatconnectsthePacificOceantotheSanFranciscoBay.Whatcoloristhebridge？Itlooksred.“It'snotred，althoughyou'renotcrazytothinkso.Visitorsallcallitred，”saidRussell.“Backintheday，theUSNavy，thenpartoftheWarDepartment，oversawthewaterwaysandwantedtopaintthisbridgeblackandyellowforhighvisibility，”saidfellowpainterJarrodBauer.“TheyendedupmixingpainttocreatethecolorInternationalOrange，whichissimilartothecolorofredlead，”hesaid.Doesthebridgegetentirelypaintedeveryyear?No，anditdoesn'tneedtobe.It'struethatthetopcoathasbeenfullyrepaintedovertimewithnewandenvironmentally-improvedInternationalOrangetopcoats.Whoperformsbridgerescues?McVeighandhisfellowironworkers，theso-called“CowboysoftheSky”，havethatresponsibility.McVeighhaslostcountofhowmanytroubledsoulshe'sbeencalledtorescueoverthepast17years.InSeptemberin2018，thebridgestartedconstructingasuicide(自殺)preventionsystem，alsoknownasthesafetynet，tokeeppeoplefromjumpingofftheGoldenGateBridge.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了美國(guó)金門(mén)大橋的情況，并通過(guò)美國(guó)有線(xiàn)電視新聞網(wǎng)旅游節(jié)目組的實(shí)地調(diào)查和采訪相關(guān)人員，和讀者分享了一些關(guān)于金門(mén)大橋的秘密。1．What'sthetruecoloroftheGoldenGateBridge?A．Red. B．Redlead.C．Blackandyellow. D．InternationalOrange.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“TheyendedupmixingpainttocreatethecolorInternationalOrange，whichissimilartothecolorofredlead”可知，金門(mén)大橋最后被漆成國(guó)際橙色，類(lèi)似于redlead(鉛丹)。故選D項(xiàng)。]2．WhocanprobablybecalledaheroontheGoldenGateBridge?A．McVeigh. B．JarrodBauer.C．Russell. D．Paolo.A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，McVeigh和他的搭檔們一直為大橋上的安全負(fù)責(zé)，在過(guò)去的17年里McVeigh也記不清挽救了多少失意想跳橋的人。因此他最有可能被稱(chēng)為英雄人物。故選A項(xiàng)。]3．WhatcanweknowabouttheGoldenGateBridge?A．Itissafernowbecauseofthesafetynet.B．Itgotitsnamebecauseofitscolor.C．Ittookmuchtimeandmoneytobebuilt.D．Itneedstoberepaintedonceayear.C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Sinceitfirstopenedafterfouryearsofconstructionin1937atacostof$27million”可知，金門(mén)大橋歷時(shí)四年建成，耗資2700萬(wàn)美元。由此可推知，金門(mén)大橋花費(fèi)了很多時(shí)間和金錢(qián)才建成。故選C項(xiàng)。]BNeilJordan，aconservationbiologist，hascomeupwithanovelmethodforprotectingcattlefromAfricanlions:painteyesontheirbehinds.Thelionswillthinktheirintendedprey(獵物)hasseenthemandwillgiveup，sincethey'velosttheelementofsurprise.Thispsychologicaltrickeryhasbeencalled“iCow”，whichisactuallynotasstrangeasitsounds.Theeye-likepatternsonbutterflywingsareknowntopreventpreyingbirdsandwoodcuttersinIndianforestswearmasksonthebacksoftheirheadswhenworkingtodiscouragehungrytigers.TheinspirationfortheiCowstrategycamewhileJordanwasbasedinavillageinBotswana，whentwolionesseswerekilledbylocalfarmerstorevengetheircattle'sdeath.TheAfricanlionisavulnerablespecies，withnumbersdroppingfromover100，000inthe1990stoabout30，000today.Muchofthatdeclineisduetothesekindsofrevengefulkillingsbecausefarmershavenoeffectivestrategiesforprotectingtheirherds.“Lionsarehuntersthatliketoattackbysurprise.Theymoveslowly，quietly，andcarefullytotheirprey，getclose，andjumponthemunseen，”hesaid.WhenJordanwaswatchingalionfollowanantelopeoneday，henoticedtheliongaveupthehuntoncetheantelopespottedit.Sohejoinedoneofthelocalfarmersona10-weektrialstudy，paintingeyesonone-thirdofaherdof62cattle.Whenthecattlereturnedeachnight，theytookaheadcounttoseehowmanyhadsurvived.Onlythreecowswerekilledbylionsduringthisperiod—allwithoutthepaintedeyesontheirbehinds.Andallthepaintedcowssurvived.However，Jordanwarnedthatsofarthisisjustapromisingidea.HeisnowbackinBotswanaforamoreambitiousstudy，equippedwithGPSdevicestobettermonitorthemovementofpredators(捕食者)andprey.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇科技類(lèi)文章。主要介紹了一種叫iCow的策略，該策略讓非洲獅子失去捕殺牲畜的興趣，進(jìn)而保護(hù)了牲畜。4．TheiCowstrategyisdesignedto________．A．killthelionsB．scareoffpredatorsC．identifycattleD．havefunB[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一、二段可知，是尼爾·喬丹想出了一個(gè)保護(hù)牲畜不被非洲獅捕獵的新方法：在它們的后面畫(huà)上眼睛。獅子會(huì)認(rèn)為它們的獵物已經(jīng)看到它們從而會(huì)放棄捕殺，這就是theiCow的目的，故選B。]5．Whenhunting，lionsliketo________．A．giveuphalfwayB．hesitatetotakeactionC．chasetheirpreysteadilyD．launchsurprisingattacksD[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Lionsarehuntersthatliketoattackbysurprise.”可知，獅子是喜歡突然襲擊的捕食者。故選D。]6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”meaninthethirdparagraph?A．Badlybehaved.B．Likelytoattack.C．Easilycheated.D．Easilydamaged.D[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容“withnumbersdroppingfromover100，000inthe1990stoabout30，000today.Muchofthatdeclineisduetothesekindsofrevengefulkillings...”非洲獅數(shù)量從九十年代的10萬(wàn)下降到今天的3萬(wàn)。下跌很大程度上是由于這類(lèi)報(bào)復(fù)性被殺，可知，是因?yàn)槿祟?lèi)捕殺，即很容易被殺。故選D項(xiàng)。]7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．NeilJordangottheinspirationfromthepatternsonbutterflywings.B．Inthe10-weektrialstudy，morecattlewerekilled.C．TheiCowstrategyislikelytobringgreatbenefit.D．Thefarmerswillcontinuetotaketheirrevengeonthelions.C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中講到一個(gè)為期10周的試驗(yàn)“Onlythreecowswerekilledbylionsduringthisperiod—allwithoutthepaintedeyesontheirbehinds.Andallthepaintedcowssurvived.However，Jordanwarnedthatsofarthisisjustapromisingidea.”可知，被畫(huà)了眼睛的牛沒(méi)有被獅子殺死，然而，Jordan提醒說(shuō)，到目前為止，這只是一個(gè)很有希望的想法。分析此段可知，這個(gè)策略可能是帶來(lái)很大益處的。故選C。]CItisreportedthatcriticalthinking，creativity，andtheirpracticalapplicationarewidelyacceptedasthetopthreeskillsthatyoungpeopleneedtohavewhentheytakejobsintheirfuture.Criticalthinkingisaboutbecomingabetterthinkerineveryaspectofyourlife:inyourcareer，andasaconsumer，citizen，friend，parentandlover.Criticalthinkinghelpsyoumakewiserdecisions.Ithelpsyouavoidwastingtime，moneyandsoon.Therefore，dolookbeforeyouleap.Wheneveragoodcriticalthinkerneedstodosomething，hewouldusuallyfirstlycheckwhyheneedstodoitandwhetherhereallyneedstodoit.Then，hetriestofindoutwhatitreallyisandthebestwaytodoit.Andthenhemakessurewhetherheisabletodoitandhowtodoitwell.Finally，hemakesthedecisionsandtakesactions.Takethe“Double11”(apopularonlineshoppingdayinChina)asanexample.Afewdaysbeforeit，hecheckscarefullywhatheneedsandwhetherhereallyneedsthem，andmakesashoppinglist.Hegoestotheonlineshopstocomparethequalityandthepricesofthingsthatheisgoingtobuy.Hecomparestheshopsthatsellthesethings.Thenhecheckswhetherhecanaffordthemandinwhichshopsheisgoingtobuythem.Thenwhatwouldhappenifhedidn'tthinkcriticallybeforehemadethedecisions?Afterthecrazy“Double11”，therewereusuallyalotofcomplaintsontheInternet.Therewereregretsaboutbuyingmorethingsthantheyneeded.Therewerecomplaintsaboutthepoorqualityandthepricesofthethingstheybought.Therewerealsocomplaintsbecausetheyreceivedwrongthingsorsimplyreceivednothing.Therewereallkindsofregretsandcomplaints.Whyso?Theyhadnotthoughtcriticallybeforetheymadethedecisions.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了生活中學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用批判性思維有助于更好地做出決定的觀點(diǎn)。8．Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A．Criticalthinkinggetsveryhelpful.B．Criticalthinkinghasalonghistory.C．Criticalthinkingbecomesmorepopular.D．Criticalthinkingmakesagreatdifference.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Criticalthinkingisaboutbecomingabetterthinkerineveryaspectofyourlife:inyourcareer，andasaconsumer，citizen，friend，parentandlover.Criticalthinkinghelpsyoumakewiserdecisions.Ithelpsyouavoidwastingtime，moneyandsoon.”可知，本段講述了批判性思維的重要性。故選D項(xiàng)。]9．Accordingtothetext，howtobeagoodcriticalthinkerforus?A．Makingsomecarefulcomparison.B．Collectingmuchmoreinformation.C．Takingsomethingintoconsideration.D．Adaptingtoeverysurroundingeasily.C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“Wheneveragoodcriticalthinkerneedstodosomething，hewouldusuallyfirstlycheckwhyheneedstodoitandwhetherhereallyneedstodoit.Then，hetriestofindoutwhatitreallyisandthebestwaytodoit.”和第三段的前兩句“Andthenhemakessurewhetherheisabletodoitandhowtodoitwell.Finally，hemakesthedecisionsandtakesactions.”可知，作為一個(gè)批判性思考者，在真正開(kāi)始采取行動(dòng)做某事之前需要慎重考慮各方面的因素。故選C項(xiàng)。]10．TheauthorusestheexampleofDouble11to________．A．listthebadresultsofnotthinkingcriticallyB．showhowtomakegooduseofcriticalthinkingC．showthedifferentadvantagesofshoppingonlineD．tellthegreatimportanceofmakingashoppinglistB[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段和第三段前兩句可知，作者在此講述了“agoodcriticalthinker”是什么樣的人，結(jié)合下一段第一句“Thenwhatwouldhappenifhedidn'tthinkcriticallybeforehemadethedecisions？”可知，作者舉例“雙十一”來(lái)說(shuō)明要利用好批判性思維。故選B項(xiàng)。]11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“complaints”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Sayingsomethingtoshowthefeelingofbeingunsatisfied.B．Preparingsomethingtomakesureofmakingwisedecisions.C．Offeringtheeffectivewaystoavoidthefeelingofregrets.D．Givingdetailedinformationtohelpmakerightjudgments.A[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線(xiàn)單詞所在句后文的進(jìn)一步解釋“Therewereregretsaboutbuyingmorethingsthantheyneeded.Therewerecomplaintsaboutthepoorqualityandthepricesofthethingstheybought.Therewerealsocomplaintsbecausetheyreceivedwrongthingsorsimplyreceivednothing.”可知，他們后悔買(mǎi)了比自己需要的更多的東西；所買(mǎi)的東西存在質(zhì)量差和價(jià)格問(wèn)題；他們收到了錯(cuò)誤的東西，或者干脆什么也沒(méi)收到。按照常識(shí)判斷，這些問(wèn)題都是會(huì)引起人們的抱怨和不滿(mǎn)。因此可推知，畫(huà)線(xiàn)單詞“complaints”應(yīng)是“不滿(mǎn)；抱怨”含義，與A項(xiàng)表達(dá)含義一致。故選A項(xiàng)。]DElephantsaretrulyincredibleanimals.August12isWorldElephantDaywhichmeanstohelpsaveelephants.Whatdoyouknowaboutelephants?Herearesomefactsyoumaynotknow.Weknowthatelephantsarelarge.Butdidyouknowthatelephantsoftenavoideatingatypeofacaciatree(金合歡樹(shù))，becauseitishometoantsandanelephantdoesn'twanttogettheantsinsideitstrunk.Itstrunkisfullofsensitivenerveendings(敏感神經(jīng)末梢)．Femaleelephantsliveingroupsofabout15animals.Theoldestinthegroupistheleader.Shedecidesnotonlywhenandwheretheymovebutalsowhentheyrestalltheyear.Maleelephantsleavethefemalegroupsbetweenage12and15.Buttheyaren'tloners.Theyliveinall-malegroups.Asianelephantsdon'trun.Runningrequiresliftingallfourfeetatonce.ButelephantsfilmedinThailandalwayskeptatleasttwoonthegroundatalltimes.Elephantshavepassedthemirrortest.Theyrecognizethemselvesinamirror.Accordingtotests，greatapes(巨猿)，anddolphinsalsohavethisability.Elephantscangetsunburnedsotheytakecaretoprotectthemselves.“Elephantswillthrowsandontheirbacksandontheirheadstokeepthemfromgettingsunburnedandtokeepbugsoff，”saidTonyBarthel，workingatSmithsonian'sNationalZoo.Howdoelephantsprotecttheiryoung?Adultelephantswillputtheminsandandthentheywillstandoverthelittleonesastheysleep.SomefarmersinKenyaprotecttheirfieldsfromelephantsbyliningtheborderswithbeehives(蜂巢)．Notonlyaretheircropssaved，butthefarmersalsogetmoremoneyfromhoney.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了一些關(guān)于大象的事實(shí)。12．WorldElephantDayisdesignedto________．A．showsomefactsaboutelephantsB．callonpeopletoprotectelephantsC．tellpeoplesomeanimalsareindangerD．introduceAsianelephantsfeaturesB[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“August12isWorldElephantDaywhichmeanstohelpsaveelephants.”可知，WorldElephantDay是為了保護(hù)并拯救大象而設(shè)立的節(jié)日。故選B項(xiàng)。]13．Whyareelephantsnotwillingtoeatacaciatrees?A．Elephantsaresensitivetoacaciatrees.B．Acaciatreesaretootalltoreach.C．Fruitsontheacaciatreesarehardtoeat.D．Elephants'trunksareeasilyhurtbyantsinthetrees.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butdidyouknowthatelephantsoftenavoideatingatypeofacaciatree，becauseitishometoantsandanelephantdoesn'twanttogettheantsinsideitstrunk.Itstrunkisfullofsensitivenerveendings.”可知，大象經(jīng)常不吃一種金合歡樹(shù)，因?yàn)檫@種樹(shù)是螞蟻的家，大象不想讓螞蟻進(jìn)入自己的鼻子，它的鼻子有很多敏感的神經(jīng)末梢。由此推斷金合歡樹(shù)上大量的螞蟻一旦爬到大象的鼻子里，會(huì)對(duì)大象敏感的神經(jīng)末梢?guī)?lái)一定的傷害，所以大象不愿吃這種樹(shù)。故選D項(xiàng)。]14．Whatdoweinferaboutmaleelephants?A．Theylivewithfemaleelephantsatanearlyage.B．Theydecidewhenandwheretheirgroupsmove.C．Theiroldestmaleelephantischosenastheirleader.D．Theycanrunfasterthanfemaleelephants.A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Maleelephantsleavethefemalegroupsbetweenage12and15.(雄性大象一般在12到15歲時(shí)離開(kāi)雌性大象團(tuán)體)”可推知，雄性大象幼年時(shí)(也就是12歲－15歲之前)是與雌性群體共同生活的。故選A項(xiàng)。]15．Howdoelephantsprotecttheiryoungkids?A．Putsomesandonkids'heads.B．Guardkidswhenkidssleep.C．Patkids'backsfromtimetotime.D．Usetheirtrunkstokeepbugsoff.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的“Elephantswillthrowsandontheirbacksandontheirheadstokeepthemfromgettingsunburnedandtokeepbugsoff”可知，大象常把沙子弄在自己的頭上是為了防曬和驅(qū)趕蟲(chóng)子，而不是保護(hù)幼象，故排除A項(xiàng)；文中未提及C項(xiàng)；文中大象是用沙子而不是用鼻子驅(qū)趕蟲(chóng)子，并且這也不是保護(hù)小象的措施，排除D項(xiàng)。根據(jù)“Adultelephantswillputtheminsandandthentheywillstandoverthelittleonesastheysleep.”可知，大象會(huì)讓自己的孩子躺在沙子里，然后在幼象睡覺(jué)時(shí)守護(hù)著幼象，B項(xiàng)正確。故選B項(xiàng)。]第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhereDoMosquitoes(蚊子)GoinWinter?Whydomosquitoes，everywhereinwarmermonths，disappearcompletelyinwinter？16Mosquitoesarecold-bloodedinsects，meaningthattheydon'tlikethecoldandprefertemperaturesthatare80degreesFahrenheit(華氏溫度)ormore.Whenthetemperaturedrops，theyactuallylosetheirabilitytoflyandbecomemotionless.17Theywouldneverbeabletoflyfarenough.Theactualanswertothequestionisdifferentformaleandfemalemosquitoes.Malemosquitoes?Theydie.Butthat'snotjustbecauseofthecold.Malemosquitoeshavefarshorterlifespans(壽命)thanfemales，andtheydieinautumn.Femalemosquitoes，though，canlivethroughthewinter.Theyhibernate(冬眠)．Inautumn，thefemaleswillgointohollowlogsorcracksinthegroundandenterthisstillstate.18Theyputofftheirdevelopment，typicallyformonths.Whenitwarmsupagain，thefemaleswillcomeoutfromhibernation.Atthispoint，they'regettingreadytolaytheireggsandtheyneedasmuchbloodaspossibletohelptheeggsdevelop.Thefemalesmustfindabloodmealtoprovidetheproteinneededbytheireggstodevelop，justinthetime，whenhumansareoutdoorsinshortsleevesenjoyingthewarmingweather.19Itactuallydoesn'thavetobewhatwehumanswouldconsider“cold”toputamosquitoindanger.Whilethesepestsliveactivelywhenit'saround80degreesF，mostspeciescanstartheadingintohibernationwhenitdropstoaround50.20Thisiswhenfemalemosquitoesstartlookingforaplaceforsleep.A．Theobviousansweristhatit'scold.B．Nowit'stimeformalemosquitoestowakeup.C．It'sonlythefemalemosquitoesthatarebitingyou.D．Unlikebirds，mosquitoesdon'tflysouthforthewinter.E．Anythingbelow50degreesisalreadytoocoldformostmosquitoes.F．Theycarryonwithlifeonlywhenthereisenoughwaterfortheirneeds.G．Theycanhibernateforuptosixmonthsinfreezingorwaterlessconditions.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了蚊子在冬天的行動(dòng)軌跡及原因。16．A[根據(jù)上文“Whydomosquitoes，everywhereinwarmermonths，disappearcompletelyinwinter？”詢(xún)問(wèn)為什么冬天蚊子消失，而溫暖的月份蚊子到處都是？而A項(xiàng)“顯然是因?yàn)楹洹眲t是前句的答案，前后句一問(wèn)一答。故選A項(xiàng)。]17．D[根據(jù)下文“Theywouldneverbeabletoflyfarenough.”它們永遠(yuǎn)飛不了那么遠(yuǎn)，而D項(xiàng)“不像小鳥(niǎo)，蚊子不會(huì)冬天飛到南方去?！背薪酉挛?。故選D項(xiàng)。]18．G[根據(jù)上文“Theyhibernate.”蚊子是冬眠的，而G項(xiàng)“它們可以在冰凍或無(wú)水的條件下冬眠長(zhǎng)達(dá)6個(gè)月”與其前后照應(yīng)，句中hibernate為關(guān)鍵詞。故選G項(xiàng)。]19．C[根據(jù)上文“Thefemalesmustfindabloodmealtoprovidetheproteinneededbytheireggstodevelop，justinthetime，whenhumansareoutdoorsinshortsleevesenjoyingthewarmingweather.”可知，母蚊子必須找血液提供蛋白質(zhì)以便繁殖，這個(gè)季節(jié)，人們開(kāi)始穿短袖。而C項(xiàng)“這個(gè)時(shí)候只有母蚊子叮咬你?！迸c前句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)。]20．E[根據(jù)上文“Whilethesepestsliveactivelywhenit'saround80degreesF，mostspeciescanstartheadingintohibernationwhenitdropstoaround50.”和后文“Thisiswhenfemalemosquitoesstartlookingforaplaceforsleep.”可知，大部分的生物在溫度低于華氏50度時(shí)，開(kāi)始冬眠，這時(shí)候母蚊子也開(kāi)始尋找冬眠的地方，而E項(xiàng)“任何低于華氏50度的地方對(duì)于蚊子來(lái)說(shuō)已經(jīng)太冷了”在該句中為過(guò)渡句。故選E項(xiàng)。]第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AsourEarth'stemperaturewarmsupbecauseofclimatechange，itishavingunexpectedeffectsonourworld'sforests.Whentemperaturesrise，treesclosetheirskinsto21thelossofwater，andthis，inturn，slowsdownthe22ofphotosynthesis(光合作用)．Asaresult，thesetreesareshorterandgrowslowly，aswellashavea23deathrate.Climatechangealsoincreasesthe24ofdroughtsandwildfires.Afterwildfires，ittakesawhilefortheforestsystemsto25，andinsomecases，theforestsare26permanently.Treesthatarestressedarealso27toattacksbybacteria(細(xì)菌)．Intropicalforests，vines(藤本植物)thatusethetreesas28canoftenchokethetreesandrobthemofnutrients.Finally，humanshave29theforestlandscapethroughlogging.Whentreesarereplantedonthesoil，theywillnevergrowaslargeasthe30treesthatwerecutdown.Astheseforestsdisappear，speciesthatoncecalledthem“home”areforcedtochange，31thevarietyofthosesystems.32，someendangeredspeciesareunableto33anddie.Old-growthforestsaredisappearinginallregionsofourworld.Whenforestsdie，youngerforeststhatarere-establishedinthesameareagrowbackweakerandsmaller34poorvegetation.Withtreesdyingincreasinglyandcontinuously，willfuturegenerations35outonthewondersofforests?【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明了由于氣候變化，地球溫度上升，這對(duì)我們世界的森林產(chǎn)生了意想不到的影響。先是溫度上升導(dǎo)致樹(shù)木矮小，生長(zhǎng)緩慢，死亡率高；其次，氣候變化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性，野火導(dǎo)致了森林的消失，因此以森林為“家”的物種被迫發(fā)生改變，甚至死亡。21．A.protect B．preventC．save D．freeB[根據(jù)后文“thelossofwater”可知，樹(shù)木將皮膚閉合是為了阻止水分的流失。故選B。]22．A.movement B．situationC．process D．operationC[結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境，樹(shù)木閉合了樹(shù)皮來(lái)防止水分流失，這反過(guò)來(lái)又減緩了光合作用的進(jìn)程(process)。故選C。]23．A.higher B．firmerC．lighter D．smallerA[根據(jù)上文“thesetreesareshorterandgrowslowly”可知，樹(shù)木矮小，生長(zhǎng)緩慢，所以死亡率也會(huì)更高了。故選A。]24．A.choice B．measureC．qualification D．chanceD[根據(jù)后文“Afterwildfires”可知，全球氣溫升高增加了干旱和野火發(fā)生的可能性。故選D。]25．A.grow B．rescueC．recover D．declineC[結(jié)合上文“Afterwildfires，ittakesawhilefortheforestsystemsto”可知，野火焚燒了森林之后，森林系統(tǒng)需要時(shí)間才能恢復(fù)。故選C。]26．A.ignored B．lostC．hurt D．leftB[結(jié)合上文可知，野火焚燒了森林，森林需要時(shí)間來(lái)恢復(fù)，但是某些情況下，森林也可能不能恢復(fù)了。故選B。]27．A.accessible B．enjoyableC．a(chǎn)cceptable D．favorableA[根據(jù)后文“toattacksbybacteria”可知，樹(shù)木也容易受到細(xì)菌的攻擊。短語(yǔ)beaccessibleto“容易進(jìn)入的，容易接近的”。故選A。]28．A.attention B．commandC．trust D．supportD[結(jié)合上文“vinesthatusethetreesas”可知，藤本植物是以樹(shù)木為支撐的，故選D。]29．A.frightened B．paidC．ruined D．wastedC[結(jié)合后文“theforestlandscapethroughlogging”可知，人類(lèi)砍伐樹(shù)木毀壞了森林景觀。故選C。]30．A.common B．originalC．distant D．strongB[結(jié)合后文“treesthatwerecutdown”可知，此處指的是，人們新種植的樹(shù)木，不會(huì)長(zhǎng)得像原來(lái)被砍伐的樹(shù)那么大了。故選B。]31．A.affecting B．improvingC．forgetting D．reflectingA[承接上文“Astheseforestsdisappear，speciesthatoncecalledthem‘home’areforcedtochange”可知，森林的消失，改變了這些物種，也影響了這些物種的多樣性。故選A。]32．A.Besides B．SurprisinglyC．Otherwise D．UnfortunatelyD[根據(jù)后文“someendangeredspeciesareunableto”可知，很不幸的是，某些物種無(wú)法適應(yīng)這些改變，只能死亡。故選D。]33．A.devote B．keepC．a(chǎn)dapt D．leadC[根據(jù)上文“speciesthatoncecalledthem‘home’areforcedtochange”可知，物種被迫發(fā)生改變了，而某些物種無(wú)法適應(yīng)，只能死去。故選C。]34．A.dueto B．inadditiontoC．insteadof D．inspiteofA[根據(jù)后文“poorvegetation”可知，此處指年輕森林由于(dueto)植被不良，而變得更弱更小。故選A。]35．A.pass B．missC．break D．bringB[結(jié)合后文“outonthewondersofforests”可知，此處指錯(cuò)過(guò)森林的奇跡。短語(yǔ)missout“錯(cuò)過(guò)”。故選B。]第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。JoannaCole，bornonAugust11，1944inNewark，NewJersey，hasbeencreditedtobeoneofthe36.________(popular)children'sauthorsofalltime.She37.________(write)over250bookssofar.Colehasowedalargepartofherpassiontooneofherelementaryschoolteachers.JoannaColecontinuedhereducationand38.________(final)earnedabachelor'sdegree.In1971，shedecidedtowriteherfirstbookcockroaches.Shedidsomeresearchanddiscoveredtherehadneverbeenabookwrittenforchildrenaboutcockroaches.39.________，shethoughtshewouldbethefirst.ColewrotethefirstMagicSchoolBusin1985.Thebookwouldgoontobepublishedthe40.________(follow)yearandquicklybecamebookseriesandcartoonseriesduetoits41.________(succeed)．Colewritesinawaythatwillhopefullyinspirechildren42.________(think)likeascientist.Shedoesthisbywritingideasinsteadofjustfacts.Shealsotriestoaskquestionsinherbooks43.________requirechildrentothinkanddiscovertheanswersastheyread.Thiscreates44.________engagingexperienceforchildren，soitisnowonderwhyyounger45.________(reader)areinterestedinherbooks.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇人物傳記類(lèi)文章。主要對(duì)一位美國(guó)著名的兒童作家——JoannaCole進(jìn)行了介紹。到目前為止，她寫(xiě)了250多本書(shū)，她在書(shū)中有意識(shí)的引導(dǎo)孩子們像科學(xué)家一樣思考。36．mostpopular[根據(jù)“oneof”和“ofalltime”可知，此空應(yīng)該填形容詞的最高級(jí)，popular的最高級(jí)是themostpopular，故填mostpopular。]37．haswritten[根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“sofar”可知，此句應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，又因此句主語(yǔ)She是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，故填haswritten。]38．finally[earnedabachelor'sdegree為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，所以此處空白處修飾本句空后的部分，所以應(yīng)該用副詞。因此將final轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞形式，故填finally。]39．Therefore[根據(jù)上文的“hadneverbeenabookwrittenforchildrenaboutcockroaches”，表示從來(lái)沒(méi)有為兒童寫(xiě)過(guò)關(guān)于蟑螂的書(shū)，空前后是因果關(guān)系，而且空后有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，所以應(yīng)該填一個(gè)表示結(jié)果的副詞，therefore是副詞，意為“因此”。又因在句子開(kāi)頭，故填Therefore。]40．following[thefollowingyear為固定搭配，表示“第二年”，following意為“其次的，后面的”。故填following。]41．success[空前的its是形容詞性物主代詞，表示形容詞的意義，所以后面應(yīng)跟名詞。故succeed應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞形式success。故填success。]42．tothink[inspiresb.todosth.為固定搭配，意為“激勵(lì)某人做某事”。故填tothink。]43．which/that[此處questions是先行詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。而空白后缺少一個(gè)主語(yǔ)，which/that指代事物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。故填which/that。]44．a(chǎn)n[experience當(dāng)“體驗(yàn)”講時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞，但沒(méi)有加復(fù)數(shù)，所以應(yīng)該是單數(shù)意義，而且空后engaging的第一個(gè)字母是“e”，為元音發(fā)音開(kāi)頭，故應(yīng)用an來(lái)修飾，表示泛指。故填an。]45．readers[此處指年輕的讀者們，故填readers。]第三部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分)第一節(jié)(滿(mǎn)分15分)假定你是李華，你校將于下周三下午舉辦一個(gè)以“保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物(ProtecttheWildlife)”為主題的英文演講活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你代表學(xué)校學(xué)生會(huì)寫(xiě)封郵件，邀請(qǐng)美國(guó)交換生Lucy參與該活動(dòng)。內(nèi)容包括：1．寫(xiě)信目的；2．時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)：下周三下午3：00－5：00在學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告廳；3．主題：保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物；說(shuō)明演講意義；4．聯(lián)系電話(huà)：84920740；5．截止日期：本周六；6．盼望回復(fù)；表達(dá)祝愿。參考詞匯：學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告廳AcademicLectureHall注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearLucy，____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua【參考范文】DearLucy，IamLiHua，amemberoftheStudents'Union.IamhereonbehalfoftheStudents'UniontoinviteyoutotakepartinanEnglishspeechcontest.ThecontestwhosetopicisProtecttheWildlifewillbeheldfrom3：00p．m.to5：00p．m.nextWednesdayinourAcademicLectureHall.Wehopethatthestudentscanlearntorespectthenatureandprotectthewildlifefromthecontest.Asweknow，onlybylivinginharmonywiththewildlifecanwemaketheworldabetterplace.Therefore，wedowishtheparticipantscansharetheirideasonhowtoprotectthewildlife.Besides，ifyouwanttocome，pleasecallmeat84920740beforethisSaturday.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua第二節(jié)(滿(mǎn)分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Ananonymous(匿名的)person'srudenotewassenttoastrugglingneighbor.Priortoreceivingtheunpleasantletterlastmonth，RandaRaglandandherfamilyhadbeenfacingavarietyoftoughchallenges.Herhusbandhadlosthisjob；shehadbeendiagnosedwithsomehealthissues；butworstofall，her3-year-oldsonJaxenhadbeendiagnosedwithstageⅣneuroblastomajustbeforehisbirthday.Jaxenhadalreadysufferedsevensurgeriesandbeenhospitalizedmorethan20times.Beingadesperatemom，Ms.Raglandhadtocareforherlittleoneattentivelyandtriedtogetincontactwiththe“bestdoctorintheworldforthiscondition”．Sheandherhus