2022版高考外研版英語一輪學(xué)案：選修8Module5TheConquestoftheUniverse含解析

選修八Module5TheConquestofthe

XUANXIUBAUniverse

［主題詞塊背誦］

1.aspaceflight一次太空飛行

2.orbittheearth繞地球飛行

3.intheuniverse在宇宙中

4.outer/deeperspace夕卜太空

5.thesolarsystem太陽系

6.spaceexploration太空探索

7.manned/unmannedspacecraft載人/無人飛船

8.sendaspacecrafttothemoon向月球發(fā)射飛船

9.haveaccesstospacetravel能到太空旅行

10.explorethemysteriesoftheuniverse探索宇宙的奧秘

11.weathersatellite氣象衛(wèi)星

12.spacesuits太空服

13.soarintothesky沖向天空

14.feelthegravity感受到重力

15.specializeinastronomy專攻天文學(xué)

16.communicationsatellite通信衛(wèi)星

17.timecapsule時(shí)空艙

18.escapethepulloftheearth'sgravity逃離地球的引力

［主題佳句背誦］

1.Littleas/thoughweknowabouttheuniverse,thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologywill

makeitpossibletoknowhowtheuniversecameintoexistence.

盡管我們對(duì)宇宙所知甚少，科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展會(huì)讓我們知道宇宙是如何形成的成為可能。

2.Nowthattheworldisstillattheverybeginningofitsvoyageintospace,therearealotwaitingfor

ustogetthehangof.

既然這個(gè)世界依然只處于太空旅行的初級(jí)階段，仍有很多事情有待我們掌握。

3.WhatIknowisthatthiswasthestartofanewageofspacetravel.

我所知道的是這是太空旅行新時(shí)代的開端。

課前自主預(yù)習(xí)回顧教材主干夯實(shí)學(xué)科根基

NOJ單詞一一在語境中默寫，在聯(lián)想中積累

［先識(shí)記］

1.witnessv,目擊，親眼看見；親身經(jīng)歷

2.assumev.假定，假設(shè)

3.acknowledgeV.承認(rèn)；認(rèn)為

4.dependV.依靠；取決于

5.foreseeV.預(yù)知；預(yù)見

6.prayV.禱告；祈禱

7.consullV.咨詢；請(qǐng)教

8.advanced”力高級(jí)的，先進(jìn)的

9.randoma力?.任意的；隨機(jī)的

10.stable“打穩(wěn)定的；安定的

11.dramatic〃力..給人印象深刻的；戲劇性的

12.abstract或浜抽象的

13.consistent。力一致的；吻合的

14.underway在進(jìn)行中的

15.aid〃.幫助

16.patiencen.耐心

17.defcaln.失敗

18.reliefn.安慰；寬慰

19.sympathyn.同情；同情心

20.foithn.宗教信仰

21.dignityn.尊貴；尊嚴(yán)

22.impactn.影響，作用

23.devotion〃.忠誠

24.plancln.行星

25.authorityn.權(quán)力；權(quán)威

26.gloryn.光榮；榮譽(yù)

［再運(yùn)用］

用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.Itisassumedthathardworkleadstogreatsuccess,soweassumehimtobesuccessful.But

assumingthatheisn'tthatlucky,whatshallwedotocomforthim?(assume)

2.Atfirst,AnnetotallydependedonJack,herhusband.Aftermanyyearsofstruggle,shegained

herindependenceandnowsheisdependentonherselftoleadanewlife,(depend)

3.Soldiersnowcanadvance300milesadayinthedesertwiththehelpoftheadvancedGlobal

PositioningSystem(全球定位系統(tǒng)).(advance)

4.TheElizabethanperiodwasthegoldenageofEnglishdrama(dramatic).

5.Thedoctorsaidpatienily,“Justalittlepatience.I'mexaminingthepatient.”(patient)

6.Thenewmedicinewillrelieve(relief)yourheadachealot.

7.MrBlackismydevotedfriend.Hedevoleshislifetodoingscientificresearch.Irespecthis

devotiontoscience.(devote)

［英英釋義］

1.deliberatelyadv.A.highest；perfect；mostimportant

2.supremeadj.B.ascanbeshownbyargument

3.arguablyadv.C.periodoftenyears

4.decaden.D.withintention；inanintentionalmanner

5.tensionn.E.anyentryintoanareaillegallyorbyforce

6.invasionn.F.tightorstressfulstateofemotionorrelationship

答案：l.D2.A3.B4.C5.F6.E

［聯(lián)想記憶］

1.“acc?"開頭動(dòng)詞大全

①accuse指責(zé)

②accelerate加速

③access接近

?accommodate容納

?accompany陪同

⑥accomplish完成

⑦account解釋

2.“悲傷”一族

①sorrown.悲傷，悲痛；懊悔

?sorrowfuladj.悲傷的

③sad〃力?.難過的

?sadnessn.悲哀

⑤griefn.悲痛；憂傷

?miserablea少.悲慘的

⑦mournful悲哀的

3.“ass-”開頭動(dòng)詞集錦

?assume假定，假設(shè)

②assist幫助，協(xié)助

③associate聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系

④assure使確信

⑤assign分配；分派

⑥assert維護(hù)；堅(jiān)持

N0.2短語一一在應(yīng)用中記牢，在歸納中記多

［先識(shí)記］

1.makeii成功；及時(shí)到達(dá)

2.inspiteof不管

3.attheverybeginningof在...一開始的時(shí)候

4.otherthan除...之外

5.aseriesof一系列的；一連串的

6.accusesb.ofdoingslh.指責(zé)某人做某事

7.prayfor祈望；祈求

8.besimilarto與...相似的

9.set畝motion使某事開始

10.setout開始做；著手進(jìn)行

11.beconsistentwilh和...一致

12.gcl/bcaccuslcmcdlo習(xí)慣于

［再運(yùn)用］

選用左欄短語填空

1.Afterlivingthereforoneyear,theyhavebeenaccustomedtoworkingthere.

2.Theconflictsbetweendifferentethnicgroupscausedaseriesofwars.

3.Thoughhehadtriedtoclimbtothetopofthemountainseveraltimes,hedidn'tmakeit.

4.Inspiteoftheroughweatherandtraffic,rescueteamshavemanagedtoreachthequake-stricken

area.

5.Sir,pleasegivemesomemoneytobuysomefood.Iwillprayforyourhealthandlonglife.

［聯(lián)想記憶］

1.無被動(dòng)語態(tài)短語小結(jié)

①datefrom/backto追溯到

②belongto屬于

③consistof由...組成

④cometrue變成現(xiàn)實(shí)

⑤takeplace發(fā)生

⑥breakout爆發(fā)

2.“不管；不顧”詞語點(diǎn)滴

①regardlessof不管；不顧

②inspiteof盡管；不管

③despiteprep.盡管；不管

NO.3句式一一在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫中學(xué)通

A句型1

［原句展示］BythetimetheChallengertookoffin1986,theworldseemedtohavelostitsfearand

wonderattheamazingachievementofpeoplegoingupintospace.

［句型提煉］sb.seems/seemedtohavedonesth.“某人似乎做了某事”

［仿寫應(yīng)用］我似乎還沒有意識(shí)到努力的真正意義。

Iseemndnottohaverealizedthetruemeaningofhardwork.

a句型2

［原句展示］Anordinaryteacher,ChristaMcAuliffe,37,whowasmarriedwithtwochildren,

wastobethefirstcivilianinspace.

［句型提煉］"be+todo”表示依照安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或?qū)肀厝粫?huì)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作

［仿寫應(yīng)用］課程將于晚上七點(diǎn)開始，請(qǐng)不要遲到。

Theclassistobeginat7p.m.Don，tbelate.

a句型3

［原句展示］Theworldwasinshock-maybetheyassumedthisspaceflightwouldbenomore

dangerousthangettingonanaeroplane.

［句型提煉］no+比較級(jí)+lhan…表示"同……一樣不……”

［仿寫應(yīng)用］我既不喜歡秋天也不喜歡冬天。

Autumnisnomorea「avorilcseason(hanwintertome.

?句型4

［原句展示］Incredibleasitmayseem,boththeobservationsofscienceandtheevidenceofour

eyesleadtotheinescapableassumptionthatthosestrangebeingswholandedintheNewJersey

farmlandstonightarethevanguardofaninvadingarmyfromtheplanetMars.

［句型提煉］as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句：名詞/形容詞/副詞/動(dòng)詞原形+as+主語+其他成分

［仿寫應(yīng)用］(2018?高考浙江卷)盡管父親是個(gè)非常鎮(zhèn)靜的人，但當(dāng)他沒接通派出所電十話時(shí)，

他也有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心了。

Calmmanasmyfatherwas,hewasalittleworriedwhenhecouldn，tgetthroughtothepolice

station.

課堂互動(dòng)探究核心考點(diǎn)梳理重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)突破

［突破核心詞匯］

1.accuslomedadj.習(xí)慣的；通常的；慣常的

［知識(shí)歸納］

(l)beaccustomedto(doing)sth.

=beusedto(doing)sth.習(xí)慣于(做)某事(狀態(tài))

get/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth.

=get/becomeusedto(doing)sth.習(xí)慣于(做)某事(動(dòng)作)

(2)accustom”使習(xí)慣于

accustomoneselfto(doing)sth.使自己習(xí)慣(做)某事

基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)一一單句語法填空

?Ittookawhileformetoaccustommyselftoallthenewrulesandregulations.

②ShespendsallherfreetimeinlearningEnglishtogetaccustomedtoliving(live)intheforeign

country.

能力提升-----句多譯

我習(xí)慣于每天早晨跑步，這樣我就會(huì)覺得很精神。

③Iamaccustomedtorunningeverymorning,andIfeelrefreshed.

④Accustomedlorunningeverymorning,Ifeelrefreshed.

2.accusev.指責(zé)；控告

［知識(shí)歸納］

(1)accusesb.of=chargesb.with指責(zé)/控告某人...

accusesb.forsth.為某事指責(zé)某人

(2)theaccused被告

基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)一一單句語法填空

①Theaccused(accuse)wasfoundinnocent.

②Thiscompanywasaccused(accuse)ofusingmisleadingadvertisementsinitspromotionofthe

weight-losspills.

能力提升一一句型轉(zhuǎn)換

③Theyaccusedmeoftakingbribes.

—Theychargedmewithtakingbribes.

3.inspiteof盡管，不管

［知識(shí)歸納］

despite=inspiteof盡管；不管

inspiteofthefactthat...盡管...

inspiteofoneself不由自主地；身不由己地

regardlessof不管，不方頁

［易錯(cuò)提醒］inspiteof(=despite)是介詞短語，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作讓步狀語；而though,

although或as是從屬連詞，后跟讓步狀語從句。

能力提升---完成句子

①Despite(盡管)thecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkand

growolder.

句型轉(zhuǎn)換

②Inspiteofthepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreementhasbeenreachedsofarbythetwosides,

fDespitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreementhasbeenreachedsofarbythetwosides.

4.makeit成功;及時(shí)到達(dá)；能參加

［知識(shí)歸納］

⑴“makeit+時(shí)間”把...定在....時(shí)間

(2)“makeitto+地點(diǎn)”及時(shí)地到達(dá)某處

(3)getit明白了

can，t/couldn，thelpit沒有辦法

基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)一一單句語法填空

①Heistootiredtomakeittothemeetingontime.

②Let'smakejthalfpastnine.

能力提升一一翻譯句子

③緊緊抓住你的夢(mèng)想，你遲早會(huì)成功的。

Holdlighlloyourdrcamandyou'11makeilsooner?！竘ater.

［突破經(jīng)典句型］

Incredibleasiimayseem,boththeobservationsofscienceandtheevidenceofoureyesleadtothe

inescapableassumption…盡管看起來不可思議，但科學(xué)觀測(cè)以及我們?nèi)庋鬯吹降淖C據(jù)都必然

會(huì)讓我們做出這個(gè)設(shè)想……

［知識(shí)歸納］

Incredibleasitmayseem=Althoughitmayseemincredible,這是由as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。as

意為“盡管”，表示一種強(qiáng)烈的語意，從句中的表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞需置于as之前，構(gòu)成倒裝

語序。

常見的形式有：

(1)(零冠詞+)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+as+主語+be+其他成分

(2)形容詞/過去分詞+as+主語+be+其他成分

(3)副詞+as+主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+其他成分

(4)動(dòng)詞原形+as+主語+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+其他成分

［易錯(cuò)提醒］(1)作表語的名詞提到as之前時(shí)，名詞前不能加冠詞。

(2)though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，從句的語序可與as從句相同，也可用正常語序；although引

導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句不能用倒裝語序。

基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)---單句語法填空

①(2019?高考全國卷I)Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein，sstudiesshow

unpleasantconsequences.

②Try(try)asshemight,Suecouldn'tgetthedooropen.

能力提升一一句型轉(zhuǎn)換

?Thoughheranslowly,Icouldn，tcatchupwithhim.

—Slowlyas/thoughheran,Icouldn，tcatchupwithhim.

?Althoughheisachild,hehastomakealiving.

fChildas/lhoughheis,hehastomakealiving.

教材素養(yǎng)提升萃取知識(shí)精華課后鞏固提升

I.課文與語法填空

EversinceNeilArmstrongfirstsetfootontheMoonbackon21stJuly,1969,peoplehavebecome

I.accustomed(accustom)totheideaofspacetravel.Therewereseveralmorejourneysintospace

overthenextfewyearsbutthesinglespaceshipswere2.soexpensivethatpeoplewerenolonger

enthusiasticaboutaspacetravelprogrammewhichwassocostly.Thingsdidn，tchangeuntilthe

3.arrival(arrive)ofthespaceshuttle.ThefirstshuttleflightintospacewastheColumbia,4.whose

aimwastotestthenewshuttlesystem,togosafelyupintoorbitandtoreturntotheEarthforasafe

landing.5.BythetimetheChallengertookoffin1986,theworldseemedto6.havelost(lose)its

fearandwonderattheamazingachievementofpeoplegoingupintospace.Thiswasgoingtobea

veryspecialspaceflightandsomanypeopletunedin7.towitness(witness)thetake-offofitonTV.

SadlytheChallengerexplodedjustoveraminutelater,8.killing(kill)alltheastronautsonboard,

includingChristaMcAuliffe,whowasgoingtogivetwofifteen-minutelessonsfromspace.Itwas

the9.worst(bad)spaceaccidentever.Maybemanypeoplewronglyassumedthisflightwouldbeno

10.moredangerous(dangerous)thangettingonanaeroplane.Butinfact,theworldisstillonlyatthe

verybeginningofitsvoyageintospace.

1].課文與短文改錯(cuò)

In1898,anEnglishwriterH.G.Wellswrotethatisthemostimportantnovelinthehistoryof

sciencefictionTheWaroftheWorlds.ItisadramaticallystoryaboutaninvasionoftheEarthby

aliensfromMars.Thesubjectfascinatedsciencefictionwritersandfilm-makerseversince.But

when,in1938,theAmericanactoranddirector,OrsonWellessetaradiodramaoftheminthereal

lifeNewJerseytownofGrover，sMill,littledoheknowwhatimpacthewasgoingtomake.When

peopleturnedontheirradiosandheardofthebroadcast,itwassorealisticwhichtheybelieved

everyword.WhentheyheardthataninvasionbyalienfromMarswasunderway,therewasawave

ofmasshysteria.Hundredsofpeoplelefttheirhomesinpanic,causedtrafficjamsalloverthestate

andthetownbecamethecentreoftheuniverse.

套案.

口?

an（hat

In1898,瑟EnglishwriterH.G.Wellswrote^,^^isthemostimportantnovelinthehistoryof

dramatically

sciencefictionTheWaroftheWorlds.ItisastoryaboutaninvasionoftheEarthby

dramati