江蘇省南京市鼓樓區(qū)2023-2024高一上學(xué)期期中英語試卷及答案

江蘇省南京市鼓樓區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期英語期中試卷全卷滿分：150分考試時間：120分鐘2023.11第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）（略）第二部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項選出最佳選項。AExergamingExergamingismadeupofexercisewithvideogames.Andtherearelotstochoosefrom.DanceDanceRevolution(DDR)isafunwaytoworkout.Simplystandonaplatformandhitthecolouredtargetswithyourfeetasyoufollowtheinstructionsonthescreen.Youscorepointsbyhittingtherighttargetattherighttime.Asthetagline(標(biāo)語)says,“Takingdancingtoawholenewlevel!”Foragentlerformofexercise,trythe“WiiFit”seriesofgames.Youcandoyoga,strengthtrainingandsoonwhenstandingonabalanceboard.Personaliseyourworkout,orexercisewithafriend,competingingames!Anti-shoesAnti-shoesaredesignedtoexercisepartsofyourbodywhileyou’rewalking.They’remeanttoimproveyourfigure,andstrengthenyourlegandbackmuscles.TheshoeswereinventedbySwissengineerKarlMaller.HediscoveredthattheKenyanMasaitribespeople(whooftenwalkbarefoot)don’tsufferfrombackpainandarefamousfortheirperfectfigure.So,hedecidedthattheanswerwasashoewithacurvedsole(彎曲的鞋底).Walkingonthistypeofshoeissimilartotherockingmoveofafootwalkingonsoftsandorgrass.ZumbaZumbaisafunformofexercise.Astheirtaglinesays,“Droptheworkout,jointheparty!”ZumbaisaLatin-inspiredfitnessdanceprogrammethatuseship-hop,samba,martialartsandbellydancemovestogetyouinshape.ItwascreatedbyaccidentwhenatrainerforgothisexerciseCDandusedhisownsambamusicinstead.Therearelotsofdifferenttypesofclassesforalllevels,including“Zumbatomic”forchildrenaged4to12,“ZumbaGold”forolderparticipants,and“AquaZumba”amongmanyothers.21.Ifyouwanttoreduceyourbackpain,youcanchoose____________.A.DDR B.WiiFit C.Anti-shoes D.Zumba 22.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Youcanplay“WiiFit”gamesonaplatform.B.Zumbaistoodifficultfortheelderlytodance.C.Playinggamesalsohasgoodeffectsonhealth.D.Zumbaisacombinationofmanytypesofdance.23.Thetargetreadersofthepassagearethosewho____________.A.areinterestedinhiking B.liketryingnewkindsofexercise C.likeplayingvideogames D.wanttoimprovedancingskills BOncewhenIwasfour,Momattackedakeyholewithapapertowel,wipingaspiderout.“Stop!”Ishouted,“She’ssomebody’smother!”Ibelievepeopleshouldn’tharmotherlivingthingsandthateventhetiniestcreaturesmustbehonored.Onesummerday,MomandIplantedagrapevine(葡萄樹)intheyard.Bytheendofthesummer,thelongestbrancheshadspreadoverthewall.Thenoneday,asIwaswatering,themostmagicalthinghappened.AbeautifulmidnightbluebuglandedonmywhiteT-shirtjustbelowtheshoulder.“Hello,prettyone,”Iwhispered.Shedidn’tmove.BeautifulwingsspreadintoaYshape.Shestucktomyshirt,unwillingtoflyaway.Everwhensheleft,Iwasstillexcited.Thatevening,ItoldMomwhathadhappened.“Itwasamazing.”Momsaid.Onemorning,weekslater,Iwenttofeedmyturtles.Inthepurplelightofdawn,thegrapeleavesappearedbrownandlacy(網(wǎng)眼狀的).Somethingwaswrongwithmyvine!IranintomyMom.Weturnedtoagardenernearbyforhelp.Hecalledtheculprit(罪魁禍?zhǔn)?theWesterngrapeleafmoth,whofeedsontheleavesinhercaterpillar(毛毛蟲)stage.Iwasshocked.Themothhadlaidtheeggs.Herbabiesweredestroyingmyvine!Bacillusthuringiersis,aproductwidelyusedbygrapegrowers,wasrecommendedforexterminatingthemoths. Ihadintendedtousetheliquid,untilIreadthewarninginstructions.“Mom,wecan’tdothis.Thepoorbugs!”Shenodded.Thenextafternoon,Ihadanidea.Igotajarandcuppeditoverthemoths,cuttingofftheleaftheylayon.“IknowwhereI’lltakeyou.”Iwhispered.Thenextmorning.Irodeabustothedesert.Iplacedthejarnearsomebushesandopenedit“Besafe,”Isaid.Itwasmywishforthem.Backhome,thecaterpillarscontinuedtheirwork.Icutofftheleavesandplacedtheminbags.Theywenttothedesertaswell.Couldthedeserthandlethem?Iwondered.WasIdoingtherightthing?WouldIhavetocontinuethisfortherestofmylife?Sure.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Thebugwasfondoftheauthor. B.Theauthorwasafraidofthebug. C.Theauthorwasfriendlytothebug. D.Motherwasconcernedaboutthebug. 25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exterminating”inparagraph4mean?A.Killing B.Seeking. C.Protecting. D.Frightening, 26.Whatcanbeimpliedinthelastparagraph?A.Theauthordoubtedifhedidtherightthing.B.Theauthorwouldcontinuetoprotectcreatures.C.Theauthorwasunwillingtosetthebugsfree.D.Theauthorwouldkeepcuttingleavesforhisvine.27.What’sthethemeofthestory?A.Caringforplantsneedswisdom. B.Motherbugs’loveforherbabies. C.Creaturesshouldbetreatedequally. D.Relationshipbetweenhumanandnature. CWearelearningmoreandmoreeverydayaboutjusthowsmartsomeanimalsare:monkeys,somespeciesofbirds,dogs,cats.Buthowaboutotheranimals?Snails?Mosquitos?Theysureseemlesssmart.Stillsmarterthanplants,though.Becauseitwouldbedifficulttoarguethatplantsareintelligent.Orwouldit?Inanewstudy,itwasshownthatplantssendoutsoundswhentheyaresad.Andthesesoundsareverydifferentdependingonwhethertheyhaverecentlybeencutorwhethertheydon’thaveenoughwater.Thesoundscan’tbeheardbyhumanears,astheyarebetween20and100kilohertz,whichisabovethebottomofhumanhearing(whichusuallyhastheupperlimitof15-17kilohertz).Thesearefantasticresults:plantsdon’tsufferinsilence;theyarescreamingwithpain.Thatisexactlywhatthepopularsciencepresshasbeendoing.Thereisnoevidencethattheyareheardbyanyonealthoughtheoretically(理論上)someanimals----bats,moths,mice----couldactuallyhearitastheirearsaresensitivetotheplantsounds.Anditcouldverywellbeabyproduct(副產(chǎn)品)ofthephysicalconditionoftheseplants:lesswaterinthesystemleadstomoreairbubbles(氣泡)inplants,whichleadstothesoundofthepoppingofthesebubbles.Isthisadisappointingexplanation?Idon’tthinkso.Theaimistounderstandwhyplantsdowhattheydo.Andtheresultsaboutthesoundscontributetothisbodyofknowledge.Theycouldevenleadtobetterwaysofcontrollingtheneedsofplantsingardeningbysoundobservation.Allofthisistrueeveniftheplantsdon’tstrictly“cry”or“scream”.Whyareweunabletohearthesoundsofplants?Becausetheyareimaginedbyhumans.Becausetheygobeyondhumanhearing.Becauseplantsdon’tactuallygiveoffsounds.Becauseplantsarenotasintelligentasanimals.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?Plantskeepsilentevenwhentheysuffer.Waterintheplantssendsoffdifferentsounds.C.Theplantsoundsmightshowtheirfeelingsorneeds.D.Thestudyaimstocontroltheneedsandfeelingsofplants.30.Whydoestheauthorconsidertheexplanationacceptable?A.Becauseplantsdon’tactually“cry”or“scream”.B.Becausetheresultsprovetheirknowledgeofplants.C.Becausetheresultsshowthat-plantsunderstandwhattheydo.D.Becauseplants’demandscouldbemetbyobservingtheirsounds.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Plantssufferinsilence B.Plants“cry”inpain C.Plants“scream”withjoy D.Plantsneedattention DSeattle’spublicschoolsystemonFridayfiledalawsuit(起訴)againstseveralBigTechcompanies,includingFacebook,TikTok,SnapchatandYouTube,claiming(聲稱)thattheirplatformshaveanegativeinfluenceonstudents’mentalhealthandtheabilityofitsschoolstocompletetheireducationaltasks.Theschooldistrict,whichisthelargestinthestateofWashingtonwithnearly50,000students,claimedthatinordertoincreasetheirincome,thecompanieshavesuccessfullytakenadvantageofthevulnerable(易受影響的)brainsofyouthtolengthenthetimeusersspendontheirplatforms.Theactiontakenbytheplatformshasbeenakeyfactorincausingyouthmentalhealthproblems,whichhasbeenmarkedbymoreandmoreyouthstrugglingwithanxiety,depression,thoughtsofself-harmandsoon.Asisvisible(可見的),studentsexperiencinganxiety,depression,andothermentalhealthproblemsperformworseinschool,andarelesslikelytoattendschool,morelikelytotakedrugs.Thedistrictcontinuestotakeadditionalstepstotrainteachersandscreenstudentsformentalhealthsymptoms(癥狀)whomayneedfurthersupport,butitneedsanall-rounded,long-termplanhelpingwiththegrowingmentalhealthproblems.Whileagrowingnumberoffamilieshavefiledlawsuitsagainstsocialmediacompaniesfortheirnegativeinfluenceonthementalhealthoftheirchildren,it’sunusualtoseeaschooldistricttakesuchastep.TikTok,whichhasfacedpressurefromlawmakerforitspotentialeffectonyoungerusers,announcedinJulythatitwouldintroducenewwaystofilterout(過濾掉)potentiallyproblematicvideos.TikTokalsointroducedatoolthataimstohelppeopledecidehowmuchtimetheywanttospendontheapp.Snapchat,meanwhile,hasintroducedaparentguideaimedatonlinesecurity,makingparentsmoreawareofhowtheirteensusetheapp.Thatincludesmoreinformationaboutwhotheirkidshavebeentalkingtooverthelastweek,withoutgivingaway(泄露)thecontentofthoseconversations.WhydidSeattle’spublicschoolsystemfiledalawsuitagainstseveralBigTechcompanies?Theirstudent’mentalhealthhasbeenharmed.Theirteachers’teachingabilityhasbeeninfluenced.Theirstudents’academicperformancehasbeenworsened.Theirschools’abilitytocompleteteachingtaskshasbeenblocked.WhatcanweinferaboutthementalhealthproblemsofstudentsinSeattle?A.Theyareslightbutlasting. B.Theyareinvisibleandserious.C.Theyarerarebutdeadly. D.Theyarevariousandchallenging.34.WhatcanweconcludefromtheactiontakenbyTikTok?A.TikTokhasdonemoreharmthangoodtoyoungerusers.B.TikTokwillgiveawaychildren’sconversationstotheirparents.C.TikTokwillpaymoreattentiontotheonlinesecurityofyoungusers.D.TikTokhasintroducedaparentguidetofilteroutimpropervideos.35.What’sthesocialmediacompanies’attitudetodealingwiththelawsuit?A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Unconcerned. D.Ineffective. 第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whenyoueatisasimportantaswhatyoueatforkeepingagoodweight,preventingandcuringsomediseasesandlivingalongandhappylife.We’reallfamiliarwithourbiologicalclocksthatsendoutchemicalsignalsatcertaintimestohelpuswake,sleep,anddootheractivities.____36____Thatistosync(同步)ourconsumption(消耗)offoodwithchemicalreactionsinthebody.Accordingtotheseclocks,thebestwaytoeatistoconsumemoreenergyearlierinthedayandlessenergylaterintheday.Butourbodiesdesiretheopposite-morecaloriesattheendofthedayandfewerinthemorning.Thisisaproblemfromatimewhenhumans’foodsupplywasunreliableandstoringenergywasanadvantage.____37____Studiesinanimalsandhumanshaveconnecteditwithweightgain,diseasesandaging.Soweneedtochangethatfoodclockandeatinaway-moreearly,lessinter-thatallowsfoodpatternsinlinewithourbiologicalclocks.Whataretheguidingprinciples(原理)inthissystemofeating?Afewchangestotheseeatinghabitswillhelpsyncupourinternalsystems.TwoareespeciallyimportantLimityoureatingtowhenthesunshines-awindowofabout12hoursor,betteryet,fewer.____38____Eatmoreinthemorningandmiddayandlesslateron.Yourbodywillworkbestanditwillbehealthierifyoustorecaloriesinadvanceratherthansavethemuntillaterintheday,asmanyofusdo.Peopleshouldlearnhowtodothisdaytoday.____39____Ourbodieschangedependingonwhat’sgoingoninourlives,sowemayneedtochangewhenweeattobeatourbest.____40____Itwillhelppreventdiseasesandevencontroldiseases.Followingthisplancanresultinallkindsofimprovementstoyourqualityoflife:bettersleep,moreenergy--andjustoverallbetterhealth.Thatmeanscuttingoutnighttimefood.Hereisthesciencebehindyoureatinghabits.Whatbenefitscanwegetfromeatingthisway?Butwealsoshoulddefine“when”anotherway.Wealsohaveafoodclockwithasimilarpurpose.Todaythiskindoffoodclockhasnegativeeffectsonourhealth.Healthyfoodandregulareatinghabitscanhelpyoulivelonger.第三部分：語言應(yīng)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IwaseatingbreakfastathomeinHampshireinMarchthisyear,scrollingthrough(滾動瀏覽)socialmediaonmyphone,whenastory___41___myeye.Itwasabouta9-year-olddog,Charlie,consideredasthe___42___inBritain.HehadbeeninarescuecenterinSomersetformorethan500days.I___43___thelink,andstraightaway,thesehuge,sadeyesstaredatme.Ifellinlovewithitatfirstsight.MyhusbandSamfelt___44___thesameway.We___45___ourtimewiththeapplication,andafewdayslater,wereceivedanemailaskingustovisithim.Wewere___46___.Beforewearrived,wedidn’tknowwhatto___47___.Wehadn’tbeentoldmuchaboutCharlie’scondition,but___48___hehadn’tbeenplacedwithanewownerforsolong,wethoughttheremightbeproblems.Butthedogthatraninwasfullof___49___andenergy.Hecamestraightovertous,quite___50___.HewaggedhistailandevenjumpedonSam’slapasifthey’dbeen___51___forever.Weweredelightedwhentheysaidwecouldtakehimhome.Charlieisadogwhoknowsexactlywhathewants,andthat’stobewithus___52___.Ifyougiveadoglove,they’llgiveyouanumberofwonderfulthings___53___.Nowwegetouteverydayonwalksandwe’remore___54___.He’salwayssohappytoseeuswhenwecomethroughthedoor.Wespoilhimandenjoyhis___55___somuch.CharliewasoncetheloneliestdoginBritain,buthe’snotaloneanymore.A.tricked B.hurt C.caught D.escaped A.cutest B.toughest C.smartest D.loneliest 43. A.searched B.clicked C.read D.kept 44. A.exactly B.partly C.properly D.especially 45. A.took B.wasted C.had D.killed 46. A.anxious B.stressed C.excited D.calm 47. A.exchange B.expect C.benefit D.measure 48. A.since B.unless C.though D.while 49. A.beauty B.confidence C.respect D.joy 50. A.angry B.careful C.friendly D.nervous 51. A.neighbors B.friends C.enemies D.strangers 52. A.originally B.before C.regularly D.forever 53. A.inturn B.inadvance C.inreturn D.inperson 54. A.active B.passive C.awkward D.independent 55. A.loneliness B.appearance C.loveliness D.company第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheGrandTangMallinXi’an,ShaanxiProvince,offersanamazingexperience(56)_____________transportsvisitorsbacktotheTangDynasty.(57)_____________setsthismodernplaceapartisaseriesofoutdooractivitiesfeaturing(58)_____________(culture)elementsfromtheTangDynastypresentedinamodernway.Withinatinyarea,amazingmusicalsanddance(59)_____________(performance)integratetraditionalandmodernelements,providing(60)_____________specialexperience.SinceJune,theseinteractiveevents(61)_____________(become)thecity’stourismhighlight,(62)_____________(attract)adailyaverageof300,000touriststotheGrandTangMall.In2018,theQujiangNewDistricttookontheall-roundedupgradetobreathenewlifeintothearea,(63)_____________includednotonlytherebuildingoffacilitiesbutalsotheintroductiontoactivities.InspiredbythefancyoftheTangDynasty,theGrandTangMallcontinuestocreatenewproductionsthatshowthepoetryandartshowsofthetimes._____________over20regularprograms,eachlasting10minutes,visitors(65)_____________(encourage)toarriveearlytosecureagoodviewofthesepopularshows.第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）假定你是李華，你校外教老師John在策劃用短視頻介紹中國高一學(xué)生校園生活，為此征求同學(xué)們的建議，請你給他寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：提出建議；陳述理由；表達(dá)祝愿。注意：詞數(shù)80左右；文章的開頭以及結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJohn,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Seanturnedtolookathisfather,whowasstandingconfidentlyonhisnewsailboat.Seanhateditthathecouldn’trememberallofthesailingterms（術(shù)語）andskillshisdadtaughthim.However,hepushedhimselftoask,expectinghisfather’sresponse.“Whichwayareweturning?”“We’recomingabout”hisfathersaidfirmly.“Thatmeansweareturningintothewild.Thatway.”Hisfathersaid,pointingtotherightsideoftheboat.“Timeforyoutomakeabowlineknot（單套結(jié)）!”Seanreachedforaropeandtriedhisbesttomakeone.Hisfatherhadtaughthimtheskilldozensoftimes,whichcouldnotonlyhelpmoor（停泊）theboatbutalsosaveeveryoneinemergency.Afterpractisingseveraltimes,hefinallyknewhowtodothiscorrectlyandquickly.Helookedbackathisfather,hopingforapraise.Buthisdadwaslookingupatthesail（帆）,notathim.Heuntiedtheknotanddroppedtheropeund