【歷年真題】2013年4月00096外刊經(jīng)貿知識選讀自考試卷

絕密★考試結束前全國2013年4月高等教育自學考試外刊經(jīng)貿知識選讀試題課程代碼：00096請考生按規(guī)定用筆將所有試題的答案涂、寫在答題紙上。選擇題部分注意事項：1.答題前，考生務必將自己的考試課程名稱、姓名、準考證號用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆填寫在答題紙規(guī)定的位置上。2.每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題紙上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。不能答在試題卷上。一、單項選擇題（本大題共15小題，每小題2分，共30分）在每小題列出的四個備選項中只有一個可以替代句中劃線的單詞或詞組，請將其選出并將“答題紙”相應代碼涂黑。錯選、多選或未選均無分。1.Everyyear,ThomsonReutersdrawsupalistofpotentialnomineesfortheeconomics,medicine,chemistryandphysicsprizes.A.brokers B.distributorsC.contestants D.candidates2.TheUnitedStates’sdebtcrisishasreachedastalemateduetothetwoparitiesrefusingtomakeacompromiseovertheirpreferreddebtreductionplans.A.constraint B.promotionC.settlement D.forecast3.Yiwuhasbecomeashoppingparadisefortouristsfromallovertheworldwithitsbewilderingrangeofcheap,qualitymerchandise.A.amazing B.complexC.reasonable D.primary4.Researchershavedebatedwhethereconomicandenvironmentalregulationsundulyburdensmallbusinesses.A.conventionally B.unnecessarilyC.potentially D.virtually5.TheInternationalCivilAviationOrganization(ICAO)wouldneverrecognizethelegitimacyoftheagreement.A.comparison B.disguiseC.output D.lawfulness6.ThismovespurredcarsalesandpropelledChinatosurpasstheUnitedStatesastheworld’slargestautomarket.A.operated B.stimulatedC.undertook D.controlled7.Withaweakeningdollarinprospect,currenciesoftheemergingeconomieswerepushedupbylargeinflowofhotmoney.A.expected B.availableC.aggravated D.distinct8.Coupledwiththerapiddevelopmentofthe3Gbusiness,ChinahasalreadyembracedthemobileInternetera.A.dismissed B.distortedC.accepted D.witnessed9.Theurban-ruralgapcanbeexacerbatedbyrapidurbanization,whichisexpectedtosustainthedemandformoreandbetterurbanhealthcare.A.exasperated B.transferredC.operated D.renovated10.Stagnatingpropertyinvestmentshavesentachillthroughoutrelevantindustriessuchasappliancesandcement.A.Growing B.BustlingC.Groom D.Inactive11.Hestressedthatthetradeimbalancewascausedbyacombinationoffactors,includingstructuraltradeandinvestmentdifferences,divergentpatternsofsavingsandconsumptionandtheinternationaldivisionoflabor.A.convenient B.well-balancedC.innovative D.different12.Apolicetaskteamwassenttoinvestigatethesecuritybreachfollowingthereport.A.transition B.violationC.reinforcement D.inspection13.Herwordsimmediatelyinvitedabacklash.A.welcome B.criticismC.hurrah D.curse14.OneofthemajorfactorsinthegrowingwinemarketisincreasingdemandfromChinawhereconsumers’tasteshavegrownmoresophisticated.A.experienced B.accomplishedC.complex D.advanced15.TheFundseekstoprofitfromcorporateeventssuchastakeoversandbankruptciesandusesleveragetoamplifyreturns.A.increase B.decreaseC.clarify D.develop二、正誤判斷題（本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分）判斷下列各題，在答題紙相應位置正確的涂“A”，錯誤的涂“B”。Passage1Inaturnaroundthatwouldhavebeenunthinkableafewyearsago,theUSispredictedtobecometheworld’stopoilandgasproducerby2020,passingRussiaandSaudiArabia.ThatisthemessageofareportproducedbyPFCEnergy,aconsultancy,inNovember.Thereasonistherapidgrowthofproductionfromshalerocksourcesbecauseofadvancesintechnology.Theforecast,onabarrelofoilequivalentbasis,isamarkedchangeforacountrywhereoveralloil,gas,andgasliquidsproductionpeakedintheearly1970s.ThegrowthinextractionfromshalehasmadetheUStheworld’slargestproducerofnaturalgas.Itisnowpoisedtoenterthegloballiquefiednaturalgasexportmarket.“NorthAmericaisthesecond-largestsourceofadditionalLNGcapacityinthisdecadeafterAustralia,”NikosTsafos,seniormanagerinupstreamandgasatPFC.“Thatistrulyastonishing.”Just10yearsagotheUSwastryingtobuildterminalstoimportLNG.Today,thosewhohadexpectedtoimportaremovingtorefitfacilitiessotheycannowexport.InlateOctober,theBGGroupsignedthefirstlong-termagreementtobuyLNGfromtheGulfcoast,takingtheUSastepclosertobecominganexporter.RogerIhne,principalintheenergyandresourcespracticeatDeloitte,theconsultancy,estimatesthatifthethreeterminalsthathavebeenapprovedforexportproceedwiththeirplans,theamountofgassentabroadwouldbejustunder10percentofcurrentUSconsumption.Andtheimpactonpriceswouldbeminimal,addsTomChoi,Deloitte’snationalpracticeleaderforgasintheconsultancy’sMarketPointforecastinggroup.Heestimatesthatevenwiththatamountoffuelexported,USnaturalgaspriceswouldonlyriselessthan2percentbecausetheresourceissoabundant.“EveniftheUSsubstantiallyincreasedtheuseofnaturalgas,therewouldstillbesubstantialgaslefttomeetitsdomesticneedsfordecades,”MrIhnesays.Nonetheless,USmanufacturers,whohavegainedsubstantiallyfromthedropinUSnaturalgaspricesassociatedwiththeshaleproductionboom,areworried.TheIndustrialEnergyConsumersofAmerica,anon-partisanassociationofleadingmanufacturingcompanieswith$700bninannualsales,isurgingchangestothenaturalgasexportpermitprocess.16.IthasalwaysbeenbelievedthattheUSwillbecometheworld’stopoilandgasproducer.17.Inthepasttenyears,Australiahasbeenthelargestsourceofadditionalliquefiednaturalgascapacity.18.Thelong-termagreementtobuyliquefiednaturalgasfromtheGulfcoasttheBGGroupsignedhasbroughttheUSclosertothestatusofagasexporter.19.Withfuelexportincreasing,USnaturalgaspriceswillrisesubstantially.20.Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferthattheideaofnaturalgasexportisnotpopularwithUSmanufacturers.Passage2WhenWal-MartStores(WMT)beganexpandingoutsideNorthAmericainthe1990s,itstoughestrivalwastheFrenchretailchainCarrefour.Afteropeningtheworld’sfirstbig-boxsuperstorein1963,Carrefourspentthreedecadesspreadingitscombinationgrocery-and-general-merchandisestoresacrossEurope,SouthAmerica,andAsia.Today,theretailerisintroublearoundtheglobe.OnOct.13,Carrefourissueditsfifthprofitwarninginlessthanayearasitreportedslumpingthird-quartersalesinkeyWesternEuropeanandAsianmarkets.ChiefExecutiveOfficerLarsOlofsson,recruitedfromNestléin2009,isthecompany’sthirdCEOinsevenyears,andfourtopexecutiveshavebeenreplacedinthepast12months.Carrefourshareshaveplungednearlytwo-thirdssince2007,whenLVMHMoёtHennessyLouisVuittonCEOBernardArnaultalongwithU.S.realestateinvestmentgroupColonyCapitalspent$5.5billionona9.8percentstake.Thatinvestmentisnowworthlessthan$2billion.They“gotthetimingwrong”onCarrefour,saysRoyalBankofScotland(RBS)analystJustinScarborough.“Themarketsthey’reinhavecomeunderhugeamountsofpressuresince2008andlotsofthosepressuresaren’tgoingtogoaway.”ArnaultandColonydeclinedinterviewrequests.ThatmeansCarrefourhasfallenfarbehind$467billionWal-Mart.Thoughtheyhaveaboutthesamenumberofretaillocations(9,667forWal-Mart,vs.Carrefour’s9,631),Wal-Mart’sinternationalsalesnowtop$109billion,almostsurpassingCarrefour’stotal$114billioninrevenues.WhileWal-Marthasgeneratedroughly7.5percentoperatingmarginsinrecentyears,Carrefourmanagedonly5.5percent.Inprofits,thedivideisparticularlyacute:Walmartlastyearloggednetincomeof$7,804peremployeewhileCarrefourearnedjust$1,260.21.Wal-MartStores(WMT)isnowintroublearoundtheglobe.22.Inthepastyear,Carrefourhasundergonesomepersonnelchanges.23.LVMHandColonyCapitalhavelostquitealotofmoneyontheirinvestmentinCarrefour.24.CarrefourhasfallenbehindWal-Martbecauseithasfewretaillocationsaroundtheworld.25.Wal-Mart’snetincomeperemployee(NIPE)ismorethansixtimesthatofCarrefour.非選擇題部分注意事項：用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆將答案寫在答題紙上，不能答在試題卷上。三、將下列英語單詞或詞組譯成中文（本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）26.profitmargin27.monopoly28.equityjointventure29.stock-taking30.appreciationofcurrency31.fledglingindustries32.conglomerate33.tradesanctions34.entrepreneurship35.meansofproduction四、將下列漢語詞組譯成英文（本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）36.既得利益37.中國國際信托投資公司38.財源，繁榮39.傾銷40.空前的41.商品交易所42.貿易壁壘43.黃金儲備44.出口配額制45.國內市場五、簡答題（本大題共6小題，每小題3分，共18分）Passage1Dubaiismakingprogressinitseffortstopromoteinternationalawarenessofitsattractions.Theemirateisnowfirmlyontheworldsportingmapandreapingtherewardsofmorepublicity.Tennishadbeenaddedtothegrowinglistofsportingevents,withaBMW/DubaiDutyFree-sponsoredtournamentinFebruary.Thisjoinshorseracing,golf,powerboatracingandsnookerchampionships,whichareallalreadyestablishedontheinternationaltournamentcircuit.MajorinvestmentisgoingintotheDubai-basedEmiratesairline,whichaddedfournewdestinationslastsummer–Rome,Zurich,ParisandJakarta–andon14AprilstartedoperationstoDhahran,its31stdestination.Emiratesnowemploysalmost3,500staff,makingitoneofDubai’slargestemployers.46.WhydoesDubaimakeeffortstoholdvariouskindsofsportingevents?47.WhatsporthadrecentlybeenaddedtothesportingeventsinDubai?48.Whatdoes“Emirates”standforaccordingtothecontext?Passage2IfthereisaroadtoChina’sfuture,Highway204outofShanghaiisit.Alongitstwodustylanes,localtrucksandbusesjockeywithCadillacsdrivenbyfinanciersfromTaiwanandHongKonginvestors.Migrantworkerscrowdthenarrowshoulders.Factorieslinethehighway,producingsneakers,toys,plastics,clothes,aircraftcomponentsandmedicalequipment.Eventuallyindustrygiveswaytoricefields,whichisbeingduguptobuildstillmorefactories.Cranesturnoverheadasdumptrucksandcementmixersn