高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)介詞與數(shù)詞+課件+

介詞與數(shù)詞1.

Giant

pandas

also

serve

___

an

umbrella

species,

bringing

protection

to

a

host

of

plants

and

animals

in

the

southwestern

and

northwestern

parts

of

China.as[解析]

考查介詞。固定短語：serve

as

充當(dāng)。2.

He

flew

4,700

kilometers

______

Xi’an

to

Kashgar

on

Sept.

20,

planning

to

hike

back

to

Xi’an

in

five

months.from[解析]

考查介詞。根據(jù)句意和Xi’an

to

Kashgar

可知，此處表示“從西安飛往喀什”，應(yīng)用介詞from，固定搭配from...to...表示“從……到……”。3.

May

21st

this

year

marks

the

first

International

Tea

Day,

which

was

named

officially

____

the

United

Nations

on

November

27th,

2019.by[解析]

考查介詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表達(dá)“被聯(lián)合國命名”。表示被動(dòng)，用固定結(jié)構(gòu)“be+過去分詞+by”。4.

It

was

built

originally

to

protect

the

city

___

the

Tang

dynasty

and

has

now

been

completely

restored

（修復(fù)）.in[解析]

表示在某個(gè)朝代要用介詞in。5.

It

was

not

widely

accepted

as

a

travel

concept

_____the

late

1980s.until[解析]

考查介詞。空前有not再結(jié)合語境可知，此處與not一起構(gòu)成固定用法not...until...，意為“直到……才……”?！脖貍渲R(shí)〕一、介詞介詞一般置于名詞之前，故又稱前置詞。介詞一般不重讀，也不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)句子成分。1.表示時(shí)間的介詞表示時(shí)間的介詞at表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)、具體時(shí)刻等This

year’s

event

will

take

place

on

June

19th.

今年的活動(dòng)將于6月19日舉行。We’re

open

till/until

6

o’clock.我們營業(yè)到6點(diǎn)鐘。He’s

been

working

in

a

bank

since

leaving

school.他畢業(yè)以后一直在一家銀行工作。on表示特定的時(shí)間或具體某一天的上午、下午或晚上in表示在某段較長的時(shí)間內(nèi)in/after均意為“在……之后”。“in+時(shí)間段”常與一般將來時(shí)連用;“after+時(shí)間段”常與一般過去時(shí)連用since后接時(shí)間點(diǎn),意為“自從……以來”for后接時(shí)間段,意為“達(dá)，計(jì)”表示時(shí)間的介詞until/till直到……為止Leave

your

keys

at

reception

before

departure.離開前請把鑰匙留在服務(wù)臺(tái)。Over

the

next

few

days

they

got

to

know

the

town

well.在以后幾天中，他們逐漸熟悉了這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)。by到……時(shí);不遲于……during在……期間before在……之前over在……期間through一直到,自始至終續(xù)表2.表示地點(diǎn)的介詞表示地點(diǎn)的介詞at后常接相對(duì)較小的地方She

walked

across

the

floor

and

lay

down

on

the

bed.她走過地板躺在了床上。The

sunlight

came

in

through

the

windows

in

the

roof

and

lit

up

the

whole

room.陽光透過天窗照了進(jìn)來,照亮了整個(gè)房間。The

dog

jumped

over

some

bushes

and

saw

the

little

stream.那條狗跳過幾叢灌木看到了小溪。in后常接相對(duì)較大的地方或某一個(gè)大的范圍on在……上（beneath）across從……的表面穿過;在……對(duì)面表示地點(diǎn)的介詞through從……的內(nèi)部穿過She

walked

across

the

floor

and

lay

down

on

the

bed.她走過地板躺在了床上。The

sunlight

came

in

through

the

windows

in

the

roof

and

lit

up

the

whole

room.陽光透過天窗照了進(jìn)來,照亮了整個(gè)房間。The

dog

jumped

over

some

bushes

and

saw

the

little

stream.那條狗跳過幾叢灌木看到了小溪。over從……的上面跨過（under）above指離開物體表面而在其上方,但并不一定是垂直向上。（below）續(xù)表3.表示方式的介詞表示方式的介詞表示使用的工具、手段、材料時(shí),with、by、in、on都意為“用”。（1）with多指用具體的工具、身體的某部位或器官;（2）by側(cè)重使用某種方法、手段或乘坐某種交通工具;（3）in指使用某種語言、筆墨等;（4）on可用于表示信息傳遞的名詞前。pay

by

cheque用支票付款by

boat/bus/car/plane乘船/公共汽車/轎車/飛機(jī)by

air/land/sea坐飛機(jī)/由陸路/由海路with

chopsticks用筷子listen

to

the

news

on

the

radio聽收音機(jī)播送的新聞in

French用法語4.表示原因的介詞（短語）表示原因的介詞（短語）for,

because

of,

due

to,

thanks

to,

owing

to,

on

account

of,

as

a

result

ofThe

open-air

celebration

has

been

put

off

because

of

the

bad

weather.因?yàn)樘鞖獠缓?這次戶外慶祝會(huì)被推遲了。特別提醒上述中的短語除due

to,

owing

to,

because

of既可作狀語又可作表語外,其他短語一般作狀語。thanks

to

表示“幸虧，由于”,多位于句首5.表示“除……之外”的介詞（短語）表示“除……之外”的介詞（短語）besides意為“除……之外（還）”,相當(dāng)于in

addition

toBesides

working

as

a

doctor,

he

also

writes

novels

in

his

spare

time.除了當(dāng)醫(yī)生之外，他在業(yè)余時(shí)間還寫小說。Apart

from

good

service,

the

restaurant

offers

different

kinds

of

traditional

Fujian

dishes.除優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)外,這個(gè)飯店還提供各種各樣的傳統(tǒng)福建菜。except意為“除……之外（別無）”but意為“除……之外”（=except）apart

from既可相當(dāng)于besides或in

addition

to,也可相當(dāng)于except

forother

than意為“除……之外（別無）”6.其他?？冀樵~其他?？冀樵~against違背,反對(duì);倚靠;以……為背景,襯托Copies

are

available

for

two

dollars

each.兩美元一份。Can’t

you

throw

out

that

old

bike

of

Tommy’s?難道你就不能把湯米那輛舊自行車給扔掉？beyond（范圍、限度）超出,為……所不能及by程度或增減的幅度;按照despite盡管for為了;（表示對(duì)象或用途等）給;因?yàn)?就……而言;贊成,支持；換取with和……在一起;和,跟;具有,帶有;（表示伴隨）隨著其他?？冀樵~of屬于；關(guān)于；出身于（某背景）；住在（某地）She

drove

so

fast

at

the

turn

that

the

car

almost

went

off

the

road.她在轉(zhuǎn)彎處開得如此快,以至于車差點(diǎn)偏離公路。Tired,

Jim

was

fast

asleep

with

his

back

against

a

big

tree.吉姆累了,背靠著一棵大樹睡熟了。within在（規(guī)定的范圍或程度）……內(nèi)without沒有off從……落下；（時(shí)空上）離，距;（表示方向）偏離;離開續(xù)表二、數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目多少或順序先后的詞叫做數(shù)詞。數(shù)詞主要分為兩大類：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞在句中主要作主語、表語、同位語、賓語和定語Thirteen

is

regarded

as

an

unlucky

number

in

some

western

countries.在一些西方國家,13被看作是一個(gè)不吉利的數(shù)字。hundred、thousand、million、billion等詞和of連用時(shí),需用復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示概數(shù)；與具體數(shù)字連用時(shí)使用單數(shù)形式Most

of

the

ice

has

been

there

for

thousands

of

years.大部分的冰已經(jīng)在那里數(shù)千年了。逢十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可表示年齡,用在“in

one’s+基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)中He

began

to

learn

English

in

his

fifties.他在五十多歲時(shí)開始學(xué)習(xí)英語。序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞在句中主要作主語、表語、賓語和定語,前面一般要加定冠詞或物主代詞He

celebrated

his

18th

birthday

yesterday.

昨天,他慶祝了他的18歲生日。序數(shù)詞可以和不定冠詞連用,表示“再一,又一”The

book

is

very

interesting.

I

want

to

read

it

a

second

time.這本書非常有意思。我想再讀一遍。序數(shù)詞一般是由基數(shù)詞加-th構(gòu)成。以-y結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞構(gòu)成序數(shù)詞時(shí),先把y變?yōu)閕,再加-eth,如twentieth,

fiftieth。特殊的序數(shù)詞有first、second、third、fifth、eighth、ninth、twelfth。續(xù)表〔技巧點(diǎn)撥〕典例1

We

were

first

greeted

with

the

barking

by

a

pack

___

dogs,

seven

to

be

exact.of[解析]

思路點(diǎn)撥

固定搭配法。a

pack

of為固定搭配，意為“一群……”。典例2

As

the_____（three）

solar

term

in

the

lunar

year,

Awakening

of

Insects（驚蟄）

suggests

the

fact

that

animals

sleeping

in

winter

are

awakened

by

spring

thunder.third[解析]

思路點(diǎn)撥

句意分析法。句意:作為農(nóng)歷的第三個(gè)節(jié)氣,驚蟄意味著冬眠的動(dòng)物被春雷喚醒。此處表示第三個(gè),要用序數(shù)詞形式?！卜謱犹赜?xùn)〕Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.

I

followed

behind

and

saw

her

remove

the

pan

______

the

stove

and

into

the

sink.from[解析]

句意：我跟在后面，看見她把平底鍋從爐子上拿下來，放到水槽里。remove

sth.

from

sth.意為“把某物從某物中去除”。2.

Baking

is

very

good

for

focusing

the

mind

because

it

often

relies

____

very

exact

measurements.on[解析]

rely

on為固定搭配，意為“依賴”。3.

A

concrete

bookstore

in

Wisdom

Bay

innovation

park

in

Shanghai

is

the

first

3D-printed

in

China.

It

opened

___

the

public

in

March,

2021.to[解析]

be

open

to...對(duì)……開放。4.

Also,

during

the

preparations

for

the

games,

all

the

work

was

done

___

an

environmentally

friendly

manner.in[解析]

in

a（n）...manner以……的方式。5.

Grain

Rain,

as

the

______（six）

term,

starts

on

April

20

and

ends

on

May

5.sixth[解析]

the后跟序數(shù)詞sixth，句子表示“谷雨是第六個(gè)節(jié)氣”，故填sixth。6.

After

failing

___

the

first

two

attempts,

she

realized

scientific

research

was

also

important.at[解析]

固定短語“at

the+序數(shù)詞+attempt”，意為“第……次嘗試”。7.

Due

to

the

growing

popularity

of

environmentally-related

and

adventure

travel,

various

types

___

trips

are

now

being

classified

as

ecotourism.of[解析]

various

types

of

為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“各種類型的……”，所以空格處應(yīng)填of。8.

In

1844

they

bought

it

____

＄1,200

and

some

land

from

Charles

Dresser,

who

performed

their

marriage

ceremony

in

1842.for[解析]

“buy

sth.

for+金額”意為“用多少錢買某物”。故填for。9.

Museums

must

compete

____

people’s

spare

time

and

money

with

other

amusements.for[解析]

compete

for意為“為了……競爭”。故填for。10.

The

artist

was

finally

humbled

（謙卑）

by

the

greatest

artist

____

earth,

Mother

Nature.on[解析]

句意：這位藝術(shù)家最終在世界上最偉大的藝術(shù)家——大自然面前感到慚愧。on

earth“在世界上”。故填on。Ⅱ.語法填空

In

Chinese

culture,

tigers

are

considered

the

king

of

all

beasts.

They

symbolize

power,

energy,

protection,1.

.（generous）

and

unpredictability.

Tigers

are

regarded

as

fearless

creatures,

so

that’s

2.

.

in

China

you

can

see

images

of

tigers

on

the

walls

of

temples

and

houses

3.

.（resist）

disaster

and

danger.

Tigers

have

an

important

cultural

significance

not

just

in

China,4.

.

across

Asia.

As

they

5.

.（most）

live

in

Asia,

they

have

become

a

cultural

symbol

of

Eastern

countries

for

many

westerners.

For

example,

in

the

last

century

strong

economies

in

the

East—Singapore,

South

Korea,

China’s

Taiwan

and

Hong

Kong—6.

.（call）

“The

Four

Asian

Tigers”.generositywhyto

resistbutmostlywere

called

Instead

of

tigers,

lions

are

considered

as

the

king

of

all

beasts

in

the

West.

But

in

the

West,

tigers

are

also

seen

as

a

very7.

.（power）

animal.

In

English,

if

you

want

someone

to

calm

down,

you

can

say

to

them,

“easy

tiger”.

Another

famous

phrase

is

“Eye

of

the

Tiger”,

8.

.

means

fierceness

and

strength.

China

has

its

animal

zodiac

system,9.

.（show）

the

connection,

understanding

and

respect

that

humans

can

have

for

animals.

Just

like

tigers

serve

as

a

symbol

of

protection

in

Chinese

culture,

we

hope

that

in

the

Year