新概念第四冊(cè)課文翻譯及學(xué)習(xí)筆記 Lesson28全套

新概念第四冊(cè)課文翻譯及學(xué)習(xí)筆記：Lesson28【課文】Firstlistenandthenanswerthefollowingquestion.聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。Whatarepatientslookingforwhentheyvisitthedoctor?Thisisascepticalage,butalthoughourfaithinmanyofthethingsinwhichourforefathersferventlybelievedhasweakened,ourconfidenceinthecurativepropertiesofthebottleofmedicineremainsthesameatheirs.ThismodernfaithinmedicinesisprovedthefactthattheannualdrugbilloftheHealthServicesismountingtoastronomicalfiguresandshowsnosignsatpresentofceasingtorise.Themajorityofthepatientsattendingthemedicalout-patientsdepartmentsofourhospitalsfeelthattheyhavenotreceivedadequatetreatmentunlesstheyareabletocarryhomewiththemsometangibleremedyintheshapeofabottleofmedicine,aboxofpills,orasmalljarofointment,andthedoctorinchargeofthedepartmentisonlytooreadytoprovidethemwiththeserequirements.Thereisnoquickermethodofdisposingofpatientsthenbygivingthemwhattheyareaskingfor,andsincemostmedicalmenintheHealthServicesareoverworkedandhavelittletimeforofferingtime-consumingandlittle-appreciatedadviceonsuchsubjectsasdiet,rightliving,andtheneedforabandoningbadhabitsetc.,thebottle,thebox,andthejararealmostalwaysgrantedthem.Norisitonlytheignorantandill-educatedpersonwhohassuchfaithinthebottleofmedicine.ItisrecountedofThomasCarlylethatwhenheheardoftheillnessofhisfriend,HenryTaylor,hewentoffimmediatelytovisithim,carryingwithhiminhispocketwhatremainedofabottleofmedicineformerlyprescribedforanindispositionofMrs.Carlyle's.Carlylewasentirelyignorantofwhatthebottleinhispocketcontained,ofthenatureoftheillnessfromwhichhisfriendwassuffering,andofwhathadpreviouslybeenwrongwithhiswife,butamedicinethathadworkedsowellinoneformofillnesswouldsurelybeofequalbenefitinanother,andcomfortedbythethoughtofthehelphewasbringingtohisfriend,hehastenedtoHenryTaylor'shouse.Historydoesnotrelatewhetherhisfriendacceptedhismedicalhelp,butinallprobabilityhedid.Thegreatadvantageoftakingmedicineisthatitmakesnodemandsonthetakerbeyondthatofputtingupforamomentwithadisgustingtaste,andthatiswhatallpatientsdemandoftheirdoctors--tobecuredatnoinconveniencetothemselves.【Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語(yǔ)】scepticaladj.懷疑的forefathersn.祖先f(wàn)erventlyadv.熱情地curativeadj.治病的astronomicaladj.天文學(xué)的tangibleadj.實(shí)實(shí)在在的remedyn.藥物ointmentn.藥膏prescribev.開(kāi)藥方indispositionn.小病disgustingn.令人討厭的inconveniencen.不便【課文注釋】1.scepticaladj.懷疑的例句：Maryisscepticalaboutthesolution.瑪麗對(duì)這個(gè)解決辦法表示懷疑。2.ferventlyadv.熱情地例句：Forhersake,aswellasforJohn's,Ihopedferventlythatshemightstillbefound.為了她的緣故，也為了約翰，我熱切地希望她能被找到。3.curativeadj.治病的例句：Thescaffoldwerebelievedtohavecurativepowers.人們認(rèn)為絞刑架具有治病的功效。4.thesameatheirs，這里的theirs是指ourforefathers。5.astronomicalfigures天文數(shù)字6.tangibleadj.可觸摸的，實(shí)際的，有形的，確鑿的例句：Itistheonlytangibleobjecttheastronomercanhandle.這是天文學(xué)家能夠掌握的唯一可接觸的對(duì)象。Theplanbroughtfewtangiblebenefitstothepoor.這個(gè)計(jì)劃沒(méi)有給窮人帶來(lái)多少實(shí)際好處。【反義詞】intangibleadj.難以明了的，無(wú)形的…例句：Theoldbuildinghaveanintangibleairofsadnessaboutit.那座古老建筑物周圍籠罩著說(shuō)不出的凄涼氣氛。Soundisintangibleandthesameistrueoflight.聲音是無(wú)形的，而光也同樣如此。7.onlytooreadytoprovide非常樂(lè)意提供。在英語(yǔ)中too…todo…的結(jié)構(gòu)通常表示否定，但如果在前面加上only，就有“非?！茏觥钡囊馑?。8.disposeof處理例句：Iwanttodisposeoftheseoldbooks.我想處理掉這些舊書(shū)。Hedoesn'tknowhowtodisposeofhissparetime.他不知道怎樣安排業(yè)余時(shí)間。9.ItisrecountedofThomasCarlyle據(jù)說(shuō)，托馬斯卡萊爾……(有下面這件事)。托馬斯卡萊爾是19世紀(jì)英國(guó)著名的散文作家和歷史學(xué)家。10.prescribev.開(kāi)處方，規(guī)定例句：I'llprescribeforyouassoonasIgetthereport.我拿到報(bào)告就給你開(kāi)處方?！径陶Z(yǔ)詞組】prescribefor為……開(kāi)處方【詞義辨析】recommend,advocate,propose,suggest,prescribe這些動(dòng)詞均含“勸告、主張、建議”之意。recommend:指向?qū)Ψ教岢龉_(kāi)的建議或規(guī)勸。advocate:指公開(kāi)表明對(duì)某事或某行為的完全贊同，語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)于recommend。propose:多指較正式地提出建議。suggest:語(yǔ)氣較委婉，指提出不成熟的建議或參見(jiàn)意見(jiàn)。prescribe:多指醫(yī)生開(kāi)處方。11.inallprobability很可能例句：Inallprobabilitythemoneywillnotbepaid.這筆錢(qián)很可能是不會(huì)償付的。Havingdisappearedforlong,hehasbeenkidnappedinallprobability.他失蹤了這么久十之八九是被綁架了。12.putupwith忍受例句：Wehavetoputupwithherbadtemper.我們只得忍受她的壞脾氣。Noiseiscomingtothepointwherewecan'tputupwithit.噪音快到我們無(wú)法忍受的地步?！緟⒖甲g文】這是一個(gè)懷疑一切的時(shí)代，可是雖然我們對(duì)我們祖先篤信的許多事物已不太相信，我們對(duì)瓶裝藥品療效的信心仍與祖輩一樣堅(jiān)定。衛(wèi)生部門(mén)的年度藥費(fèi)上升到了天文數(shù)字，并且目前尚無(wú)停止上升的跡象，這個(gè)事實(shí)證實(shí)了現(xiàn)代人對(duì)藥物的依賴。在醫(yī)院門(mén)診部看病的大多數(shù)人覺(jué)得，如果不能帶回一些看得見(jiàn)、摸得著的藥物，如一瓶藥水，一盒藥丸、一小瓶藥膏回家的話，就沒(méi)算得到了充分的治療。負(fù)責(zé)門(mén)診的醫(yī)生也非常樂(lè)意為前來(lái)看病的人提供他們想要得到的藥物，病人要什么就給什么，沒(méi)有比這樣處理病人更快的方法了。因?yàn)樾l(wèi)生部門(mén)的大多數(shù)醫(yī)生超負(fù)荷工作，所以沒(méi)有多少時(shí)間提出一些既費(fèi)時(shí)而又不受人歡迎的忠告，如注意飲食、生活有規(guī)律，需要克服壞習(xí)慣等等，結(jié)果就是把瓶藥、盒藥、罐藥開(kāi)給看病的人而完事大吉。并不只是那些無(wú)知和沒(méi)受過(guò)良好教育的人才迷信藥瓶子。據(jù)說(shuō)托馬斯.卡