Module+4+Unit+2+We+have+played+football+for+a+year+now知識點 外研版英語八年級下冊

&1&

well

/wel/

adj.

健康的&2&

I

was

not

feeling

very

well

so

the

doctor

checked

my

heart

and

said

I

needed

more

exercise.我感覺不是很舒服，因此醫(yī)生檢查了我的心臟并說我需要更多的鍛煉。(教材P28)&3&

在此作形容詞，常用于系動詞be、feel等之后作表語。My

father

is

very

well

now.

我爸爸現(xiàn)在身體很好。well作形容詞，意為"健康的"，通常作表語，表示身體好。比較級為better,最高級為best。You

look

very

well.

你看上去很健康。good作形容詞，意為"好的"，既可作定語，也可作表語。This

is

a

good

book.這是一本好書。This

book

is

good.這本書很好。&4&

well與good&5&

well還可作副詞，其常見用法有：&6&

heart

/hɑ?t/

n.

心；心臟Regular

exercise

is

good

for

the

heart.經(jīng)常鍛煉對心臟有好處。&7&

heart構(gòu)成的常見短語：&8&

active

/??kt?v/

adj.

積極的；活躍的actively/??kt?vli/adv.積極地&9&

作形容詞，be

active

in

"在……(方面)積極"，take

an

active

part

in"積極參加……"。I

have

never

been

very

active,

and

I

do

not

like

sports.

我從來都不是很活躍，而且不喜歡運動。(教材P28)Most

birds

are

active

in

the

daytime.

大多數(shù)鳥在白天很活躍。(連云港中考)I

am

very

active

in

singing.我在唱歌方面很積極。Everyone

should

take

an

active

part

in

garbage

sorting.

每個人都應(yīng)該積極參與垃圾分類。典例1

(宜昌中考)—How

are

you

getting

on

with

your

cousin?—Very

well.

He

is

really

___

and

joins

in

all

kinds

of

activities

in

his

spare

time.CA.polite

B.strict

C.active

D.careful【解析】空后的"在空閑時間參加各類活動"提示空處用形容詞active(活躍的)，故選C。polite"有禮貌的"；strict"嚴格的"；careful"認真的"。&10&

by

prep.

通過&11&

&12&

在此作介詞，表示方式，后跟名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式作賓語。—Could

you

tell

me

how

I

will

pay

for

the

fruit?你能告訴我怎樣付錢買水果嗎？—By

paying

over

the

Internet.通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)付款。(天津中考)Now

I

get

exercise

by

taking

him

for

a

walk

every

day.

現(xiàn)在我每天通過遛狗來鍛煉身體。(教材P28)&13&

by,

in與withby"借助；通過"，通常指通過某種行為方式或手段。He

makes

a

living

by

selling

flowers.

他以賣花為生。in"用"，通常指用某種語言、書寫材料、聲音類型等。We

write

in

blue

ink.

我們用藍墨水寫字。with"用"，通常指用某種具體的工具或身體部位。He

broke

the

window

with

a

stone.

他用一塊石頭把窗戶打碎了。典例2

(云南中考)—How

do

you

relax

in

your

free

time？—___

doing

sports

and

listening

to

music.DA.At

B.On

C.In

D.By【解析】句意：——你在空閑時間怎樣放松？——通過做運動和聽音樂來放松。表示通過某種方式用介詞by，故選D。&14&

have/has

had與表示一段時間的狀語連用

&15&

是動詞have的現(xiàn)在完成時形式，動詞have的過去分詞had在此代替某些非延續(xù)性動詞如buy、catch等的過去分詞，和表示一段時間的狀語連用。非延續(xù)性動詞不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。I

have

had

him

for

three

months

now

and

I

feel

really

healthy.

現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)養(yǎng)他三個月了，我感覺真的很健康。(教材P28)我患重感冒10天了。(×)

I

have

caught

a

bad

cold

for

ten

days.(√)

I

have

had

a

bad

cold

for

ten

days.這本書你買多長時間了？(×)How

long

have

you

bought

the

book?(√)How

long

have

you

had

the

book?典例3

—Your

scarf

is

so

beautiful!

When

did

you

buy

it?—On

my

12th

birthday.

I

___

it

for

3

years.CA.bought

B.will

have

C.have

had

D.have

bought【解析】句意：——你的圍巾真漂亮!你什么時候買的它?——我12歲生日時。我已經(jīng)買了3年了。由空后的"for

3

years"可知此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，且句子的謂語動詞應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動詞，故選C。&16&

start

v.

組建；啟動You

may

start

a

music

club.

你們可以組建一個音樂俱樂部。What's

wrong

with

my

car?

I

can't

start

it.

我的車怎么了？我啟動不了。&17&

start作動詞，還可表示"開始；動身"等。start

out"動身，起程"，相當(dāng)于set

out。Tell

us

when

to

start

tomorrow

morning.

告訴我們明天早上何時動身。Our

teacher

decided

to

start

a

girls'

football

team

and

I

thought,

"What

a

great

idea!"我們的老師決定組建一支女子足球隊，(當(dāng)時)我想:"多好的主意??！"(教材P28)&18&

takepart(insth.)參加，參與(某事)

為介詞，其后可接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式。takepartin相當(dāng)于joinin。

There

will

be

a

party

tomorrow.

Would

you

like

to

take

part?明天會有個派對，你想?yún)⒓訂?？Everyone

should

take

part

in

recycling

paper.

每個人都應(yīng)該參與回收利用紙張。(泰州中考)...and

she

also

takes

part

in

the

training

with

us.

……她也和我們一起參加訓(xùn)練。(教材P28)典例4

完成句子，每空一詞。(廣州中考)凱特計劃參加學(xué)?？茖W(xué)日活動。Kate

was

planning

to

_____

_____

___

the

activities

on

the

school

Science

Day.takepart&20&

play

a(n)...part(in

sth.)意為"(在……中)起……作用"。Everyone

played

an

active

part

in

the

match.

每個人在這場比賽中都起了積極的作用。in&21&

condition

/k?n?d??n/

n.

狀況;

身體狀況&22&

在此作不可數(shù)名詞，常見搭配有：She

is

in

excellent

condition

too.

她的身體狀況也很好。(教材P28)Tony

often

does

exercise,

so

he's

in

excellent

condition.

托尼經(jīng)常做運動，所以他身體很健康。My

grandma

is

out

of

condition.

我奶奶的身體狀況不好

condition

還可意為"(居住、工作或做事情的)環(huán)境，境況，條件"，常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，如：living/housing/working

conditions生活/住房/工作條件。Our

government

did

a

lot

of

things

to

improve

the

villagers'

livingconditions.

我們的政府做了很多事情來改善村民的生活條件。(鄂州中考)&24&

get

to

著手……，開始做……&25&

在此意為"著手……，開始做……"，后跟名詞、代詞或動詞-ing。Every

day

when

I

get

to

work,

my

workmate

gets

to

tidying

her

desk.

每天我開始工作時，我的同事就開始整理她的桌子。When

I

got

to

work,

I

always

felt

very

sleepy

and

I

was

not

happy.上班時，我總感覺很困倦而且不開心。(教材P28)&26&

get

to

do

sth.可表示"開始(感覺到、認識到、成為)；達到……地步(或程度)"，此時do常為know、like、hate、understand、realize等詞，表示一個漸進的過程。As

he

grew

older,

he

got

to

understand

his

parents.

隨著他年齡越來越大，他開始理解他的父母了。&27&

sleepy

/?sli?pi/

adj.

困的；想睡的&28&

作形容詞，由"sleep(v.睡n.睡眠)+后綴-y"構(gòu)成。When

you

get

enough

sleep,

you

won't

feel

sleepy.

當(dāng)你睡眠充足時，你就不會感到困。(威海中考)lucky(luck+-y)幸運的noisy(noise去e+-y)吵鬧的healthy(health+-y)健康的rainy(rain+-y)下雨的sunny(sun雙寫n+-y)晴朗的&29&

常見的由"名詞+后綴-y"構(gòu)成的形容詞還有:&30&

sleepy與asleepsleepy意為"困的；想睡的"，可作定語或表語。The

warmth

of

the

fire

made

her

feel

sleepy.

暖洋洋的爐火使她昏昏欲睡。asleep意為"睡著的，睡熟的"，通常作表語。fall

asleep"入睡，睡著"。I

always

fall

asleep

quickly

when

I

listen

to

soft

music

before

bedtime.當(dāng)我在睡前聽輕柔的音樂時，我總是很快入睡。語境串記She

didn't

sleep

well

last

night,

so

she

feels

sleepy

now.

I

think

she

will

fall

asleep

soon.

她昨晚沒睡好，所以她現(xiàn)在覺得很困。我想她很快就會睡著。典例5

根據(jù)句意和漢語提示填寫單詞。(樂山中考)She

was

so

_______(瞌睡的)that

she

went

to

bed

early

last

night.sleepyIt

is

my

daily

exercise.

這是我的日常運動。(教材P28)&31&

daily

/?de?li/

adj.

每天的；天天的&32&

相當(dāng)于everyday，在此作形容詞，用于名詞前作定語，不能作表語。in

daily

life"在日常生活中"。This

is

a

daily

newspaper.

這是一份日報。&33&

daily還可作副詞，意為"每日；每天"，作狀語，相當(dāng)于every

day。I

usually

brush

my

teeth

at

seven

o'clock

daily.

我通常在每天七點鐘刷牙。&34&

weak

/wi?k/

adj.

弱的；虛弱的At

the

hospital,

my

body

was

weak,

but

my

mind

was

still

very

clear.

在醫(yī)院，我的身體很虛弱，但是我的頭腦仍然很清醒。(泰州中考)I

was

weak

after

a

long

illness,

so

I

wanted

to

exercise

more.

久病之后我很虛弱，因此我想多鍛煉。(教材P28)&35&

(1)weak作形容詞，還可表示"不擅長的，能力弱的"。

be

weak

in表示"不擅長……；在……方面能力弱"，反義短語為begoodat/dowellin"擅長……"。I

don't

like

jumping,

so

I

am

weak

in

the

high

jump.我不喜歡跳，所以我在跳高方面比較弱。(2)與weak相關(guān)的詞：&36&

exercise

/?eks??sa?z/

v.

運動；鍛煉&37&

在此作不及物動詞，意為"運動；鍛煉"。Stand

up

and

exercise

often

to

avoid

neck

and

shoulder

pain.

經(jīng)常站起來運動，避免肩頸疼痛。(河南中考)&38&

exercise還可作名詞，其含義及用法為：意為"練習(xí);習(xí)題；一套動作"可數(shù)名詞I

have

two

exercises

to

do

today.

今天我有兩道習(xí)題要做。do

eye/morning

exercises做眼保健操/早操意為"運動，鍛煉"不可數(shù)名詞We

should

take

some

exercise

every

day.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)每天做些運動。&39&

go

for

a

run

去跑步If

you

want

to

lose

weight,

try

going

for

a

run

in

the

morning.

如果你想減肥，那么試試早上跑步吧。Then

a

friend

suggested,

"Why

don't

we

go

for

a

run

before

school?"

于是一位朋友建議說："我們?yōu)楹尾辉谏蠈W(xué)前跑跑步呢？"(教材P28)&40&

"go

for

a/an+表示行為的名詞"表示"去做某事"，常見的還有：&41&

awful

/???fl/

adj.

極討厭的；極壞的&42&

作形容詞，feel

awful意為"感到不舒服"。That's

an

awful

colour.那顏色難看得很。He

felt

awful

when

he

got

up

in

the

morning.

早上起床時他感覺不舒服。&43&

awful作形容詞，還可意為"糟糕的"，相當(dāng)于terrible。The

weather

was

awful

yesterday.昨天的天氣很糟糕。...I

feel

awful.

……我感到不舒服。(教材P28)&44&

all

over

渾身；到處It

was

raining

hard

and

I

was

wet

all

over.雨下得很大，我全身都濕了。&45&

all

over還可表示"遍布，遍及"，all

over

the

world=around

the

world，意為"全世界"。People

all

over

the

world

love

pandas，and

the

panda

has

become

a

symbol

of

China.全世界的人都喜歡大熊貓，并且大熊貓已經(jīng)成了中國的一個象征。(天津中考)My

legs

hurt

and

I

am

hot

all

over.

我腿疼而且渾身發(fā)熱。(教材P28)Perhaps