統(tǒng)考版2024屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪專項(xiàng)分層特訓(xùn)卷40分閱讀理解提分練四

40分閱讀理解提分練(四)閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(A)·Doananonymous(匿名的)actofkindnessforsomeone.·LeaveaSmileCardbehindtoencouragethemtopayitforward.·Shareyourstoryheretospreadtheinspiration.·Changetheworld,onekindactatatime.ORDERSMILECARDSTorequestSmileCards,pleasefillouttheformbelow.Avolunteerwillmailyouanorderoftencardswithintwoweeks.SmileCardsareofferedtoanyonewhorequeststhemonapay-it-forwardbasis.Thatmeansthereisnochargeforasetofcards.Someonebeforeyouhaspaidforyourcards,andyouareinvitedtokeepthechaingoingandpayforwardwhateveryouwishforthenextperson!Forspecialeventsorcircumstances,youcanalsoplacealargequantityofrequests.Note:WhenusingaSmileCard,remembernottojusthanditoutbyitself.TheideaistodosomethingkindforsomeoneandthenleavetheSmileCardbehind,sothattheyknowsomeonereachedouttothem,andthattheyareinvitedtopayforwardthekindnessandkeeptheripplesgoing!ABOUTUSKindSpringisaplacetopracticesmallactsofkindness.ForoveradecadetheKindSpringusercommunityhasfocusedoninnertransformation,whilecollectivelychangingtheworldwithgenerosity,gratitude,andtrust.Thesiteis100%volunteer-runandtotallynon-commercial.Itisasharedlaboroflove.1．WhencanyouuseaSmileCard?A．Yourfriend'sbirthdayisapproaching.B．Yourclassmatehaswonfirstprize.C．You'veorderedlunchforapoorfriend.D．Youfindyourclassmateinlowspirits.2．ToorderSmileCards,youhaveto________．A．payfortheminadvanceB．placealargequantityofrequestsC．mailsomenecessaryinformationD．tellwhatfavoryouwilldoforothers3．ThepurposeofusingSmileCardsistoencouragepeopleto________．A．spreadkindnessB．becomevolunteersC．a(chǎn)dvertiseforKindSpringD．payothers'kindnessback(B)[2023·全國(guó)甲卷，D]Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche—werevere(敬畏)themevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.AskthetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNationalParkwhattheymosthopetosee,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame:agrizzlybear.“Grizzlybearsarere-occupyinglargeareasoftheirformerrange，”saysbearbiologistChrisServheen.Asgrizzlybearsexpandtheirrangeintoplaceswheretheyhaven'tbeenseeninacenturyormore,they'reincreasinglybeingsightedbyhumans.ThewesternhalfoftheU．S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumberof50，000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.Bytheearly1970s,aftercenturiesofcruelandcontinuoushuntingbysettlers,600to800grizzliesremainedonamere2percentoftheirformerrangeintheNorthernRockies.In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.Today,thereareabout2，000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU．S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU．S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode-listgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.Obviously,ifprecautions(預(yù)防)aren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.“Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits，”saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.4．HowdoAmericanslookatgrizzlies?A．Theycausemixedfeelingsinpeople.B．Theyshouldbekeptinnationalparks.C．Theyareofhighscientificvalue.D．TheyareasymbolofAmericanculture.5．Whathashelpedtheincreaseofthegrizzlypopulation?A．TheEuropeansettlers'behavior.B．Theexpansionofbears'range.C．Theprotectionbylawsince1975.D．ThesupportofNativeAmericans.6．WhathasstoppedtheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicefromde-listinggrizzlies?A．Theoppositionofconservationgroups.B．Thesuccessfulcomebackofgrizzlies.C．Thevoiceofthebiologists.D．Thelocalfarmers'advocates.7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.B．Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.C．Aspecialpathshouldbebuiltforgrizzlies.D．Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotectgrizzlies.(C)TherearemanydifferenttypesofhousesintheUK.Youmayseedetached,semi-detached,terraced(排屋的)housesorevenend-of-terracehousesonatypicalstreet.Youmightseeapartmentsinwealthierpartsoftown,orpeoplelivinginbungalows,preferringtolivealifewithoutstairs.Strangecottagesmaydotthecountryside,whileheadingtothecitiesyoucouldseeanynumberoftypesofflats，includinghousesturnedintoflats,studiosandduplexes(復(fù)式公寓).Butonethingyouwillnoticeisthatmanyhousescomefromdifferenteras,andaskingtheBritishabouttheiridealhome，manyofthemwillhaveaspecificperiodproperty(特性)inmind.Forsome,itcouldbeVictorianhouses，whichareoftenseenwithbaywindows,highceilings,stainedglassdoorsandcoloredbrickwork.DuringtheVictorianera,ahugenumberofhouses,particularlyterraced,werebuiltintownsandcitiestoaccommodatevastnumbersofworkerswhoweremovingfrommoreruralareas.Georgianarchitecturereferstohousesbuiltduringtheperiodof1714and1830duringtheruleoffourBritishmonarchs.Usuallyhouseswiththisarchitecturalstylehaveamoresymmetricaltheme,bothinternallyandexternally,withasmallsquaregardeninfront.Forthosenotintoolderproperties,newbuildingsfromthe1990sonwardsofferbetterinsulation(隔熱，絕緣)againstthecoldandnewerelectrics.Andthosewhopreferlessrepairscouldalwaysgowiththeopen-planorminimalistlookofthemodernera.So,whetherit'shighceilings,betterinsulation,brickwork,bungalowsorsquaregardens,peopleinBritainhaveawidevarietyofpreferenceswhenitcomestowheretheylive.Andtheiridealhomemayjustsimplybeacaseofwhatstylefeelslikehome.8．WhatdotheVictorianhouseshave?A．Asmallsquaregardeninfront.B．Highceilingsandcoloredbrickwork.C．Amoresymmetricalthemethananyotherera.D．Brokenwindowsandstainlessdoors.9．WhydoestheauthormentionVictorianandGeorgianhouses?A．Todisplaythewisdomofthearchitects.B．Tointroducetheoriginofthem.C．ToattractpeopletoBritishhouses.D．ToshowthediversityofBritishhouses.10．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．ThepreferenceofBritishforthehouses.B．ThehistoryoftheGeorgianhouses.C．ThehousestructuresofBritain.D．ThefinesceneryinBritain.11．Whatwilltheauthorprobablytalkaboutnext?A．IdealBritishhome.B．Terracedhouses.C．Georgianhouses.D．Squaregardens.(D)[2023·福州市高三質(zhì)檢]WhenIsteppedintotheSamcheongParkLibraryinSeoul,Isawthefuture.Thesimplebuildinghadaniceselectionofbooksandacafewherereaderscouldenjoycoffeewhilegazingattheleavesoutside.Itwasspecificallydesignedwithoutanylatesttechnology.“What'ssoinnovativeaboutthat？”alibrarianinTorontoaskedwhenIshowedherpictures.Innovationtohermeantdigitaltechnology,like3Dprinters.“Whycouldn'ttheybothbeinnovative？”Iasked.Weareconstantlytoldthatinnovationisthemostimportantforceinoureconomy,withoutwhichwewouldbeleftbehind.Butthatfearofmissingouthasledustofallintothefalsetrapsofinnovationovertrulyinnovativeideasthatmaybesimplerandmoreeffective.Thismindsetimpliesthatifyoujustbuythenewthing,youhaveinnovated!Eachyear,businessesandindividualsrunaroundlikebrokentoyrobots,tryingtofigureouttheirstrategyforthelatestbuzzwordequipment.Atbest,thisisawasteofresources.Devicesarebought,usedandabandoned,asthetechnology'scapabilitiesfallshortofitspromise.Butatitsworst,thisapproachcantrulycausedamage.Schoolscutfieldtripstopurchasetabletswithfewprovenbenefits.CompaniesthatappliedAItohiringhaveactuallystrengthenedgenderandracialprejudices.Trueinnovationisn'tjustsomemagicdevices.Itisacontinuingprocessofreflectionandreassessment,whichoftenmeansadopting“old”ideasandtoolsinanewcontext,orevenreturningtomethodsthatworkedinthepast.Adjustedproperly,theserearview(后視的)innovationshaveprovedastransformativeasnoveltechnologies.LooknofartherthanthestreetsofNewYork,whichhavebeenredesignedrecentlytoaccommodatecyclistswithcar-freezones.Theideaisn'tnew.Itwascreatedhalfacenturyago,withtheaimofbringingcitiesbacktotheirresidents.Andwhilee-readersaleshavebeenexploding,Penguinjustannounceditwouldpublishtinyprintedbooks,anidealsolutionforamarketdemandingbothconvenienceandpracticability.12．Whyisalibrarianmentioned?A．Tosetanexample.B．Tociteanauthority.C．Tomakeaprediction.D．Topresentanargument.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“buzzword”meaninPara.3?A．Fashionable.B．Affordable.C．Practical.D．Imaginative.14．Whatdoesthewriteragreewithaboutinnovation?A．Wastedresourcesleadtoinnovation.B．Magicdevicesencourageinnovation.C．Innovationshouldbehuman-centered.D．Thepoweroftechnologyisundervalued.15．Whatisprobablythebesttitleofthetext?A．InnovationIsNotThatExpensiveB．TheFutureLiesinReturningtothePastC．SomeBestIdeasAreintheRearviewMirrorD．Innovation:TheMostImportantForceinEconomy第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wantarelaxingbutfunchallengeathome？__16__Puzzleshavebeenaroundformorethan250yearsandthechallengeofworkingoutwhereeachpiecegoesandcarefullyrecreatingthesceneontheboxlidcankeepyoubusyforhours,daysorevenweeks.Puzzlescomeinahugerangeofsizesanddifficultylevels.Forbeginners,a100-piecepuzzleisusuallyagoodstartingpoint.__17__Trygroupingpieceswiththesamecolourordesignbecausetheywillprobablygointhesameareaoncethepuzzletakesshape.__18__Thosepiecesareeasiertofindbecausetheyhaveastraightside.Staypatientasyousearchthroughpiecesandtrytomakethemfittogether.Youmaynotfindanyconnectingpiecesforagesbutthenseveralmaysuddenlyappear.Forarealtest,puzzlesthathave1，000piecesormoreareatoughtaskandit'sbesttocompletethemwithfriendsorfamilyifyoucan.Choosingascenethatinterestsyou,suchasafavouritefilm,sportorlocation,canhelpkeepyouinterestedanddeterminedtoworktothefinalpiece.Youcangetfuneducationalpuzzles,too.__19__Someofthebestplacestopickuppuzzlesarecharityshops.They'reoftenonsaleforlessthan5.Onceyouhavecompletedapuzzle,it'snicetoexchangeitwithafriend.__20__Youjustuploadanimage,suchasafamilyscene,andtheywillmakeapuzzlefromitandpostittoyou.Itmakesalovelyandunusualpresent.A．Sootherscanhaveago.B．Youcan'tbeatagoodpuzzle.C．Somecompaniesmakepersonalisedpuzzles.D.However,agoodstartdoesn'talwaysleadtoagoodresult.E．Mostpeopleliketostartbygettingthefouredgesofapuzzlelaidout.F．Itcangetyouusedtosortingouthowtheshapes,patternsandcoloursgotogether.G．Forexample,youmaytryamapoftheworld,historicaltimelinesortheperiodictable.[答題區(qū)]16．________17.________18.________19.________20.________40分閱讀理解提分練（四）閱讀理解第一節(jié)（A）語(yǔ)篇類型：應(yīng)用文主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)——健康生活——笑臉卡【文章大意】文章主要介紹了微笑卡卡片，并講述如何申請(qǐng)微笑卡，微笑卡的使用注意事項(xiàng)和背后負(fù)責(zé)的團(tuán)隊(duì)。1．答案與解析：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章ORDERSMILECARDS中Note的內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)有人做了一件善事，可以留下一張微笑卡片。C項(xiàng)是為朋友做一件善事，所以可以使用微笑卡片。故選C。2．答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Pleasetellus...dousingthem”可知，在申請(qǐng)微笑卡片時(shí)需要填寫一些信息以讓負(fù)責(zé)團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)申請(qǐng)者申請(qǐng)卡片的意圖和申請(qǐng)者想為人們做哪些事情有所了解，要訂購(gòu)微笑卡片，你需要說(shuō)出你會(huì)為別人做什么。故選D。3．答案與解析：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)ORDERSMILECARDS部分Note中的“sothattheyknow...theripplesgoing！”可知，寄卡片者在送出卡片前會(huì)為收卡片者做一件善事，這樣收卡片者就會(huì)知道有人向他們伸出了援助之手，他們也會(huì)被邀請(qǐng)將這種善意傳遞下去。由此可知，使用微笑卡片是為了鼓勵(lì)人們傳播善意。故選A。（B）語(yǔ)篇類型：說(shuō)明文主題語(yǔ)境：人與自然——野生動(dòng)物——美國(guó)灰熊【文章大意】講述了美國(guó)灰熊從瀕危物種恢復(fù)到2000多頭，但也帶來(lái)了一些問(wèn)題。4．答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche—wereverethemevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.（灰熊可以長(zhǎng)到2.5米長(zhǎng)，體重超過(guò)400公斤，在美國(guó)人的心理中占據(jù)著一個(gè)矛盾的角落——即使它們給我們帶來(lái)可怕的夢(mèng)，我們也敬畏它們）”可知，美國(guó)人對(duì)灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他們的情感是混合的。故選A項(xiàng)。5．答案與解析：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.（1975年，灰熊被列入《瀕危物種法》）”以及第四段“Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU．S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU．S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode-listgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.（如今，美國(guó)大約有2000只或更多的灰熊。它們的恢復(fù)非常成功，以至于美國(guó)魚類和野生動(dòng)物管理局兩次試圖將灰熊從名單上除名，這將放松對(duì)灰熊的法律保護(hù)，允許它們被獵殺）”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保護(hù)，灰熊的數(shù)量有了增長(zhǎng)。故選C項(xiàng)。6．答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Today,thereareabout2，000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU．S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU．S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode-listgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.（如今，美國(guó)大約有2000只或更多的灰熊。它們的恢復(fù)非常成功，以至于美國(guó)魚類和野生動(dòng)物管理局兩次試圖將灰熊從名單上除名，這將放松對(duì)灰熊的法律保護(hù)，允許它們被獵殺。由于環(huán)保組織的訴訟，這兩項(xiàng)努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名單上）”可知，是環(huán)保組織的反對(duì)阻止了美國(guó)魚類和野生動(dòng)物管理局將灰熊從瀕危物種名單上除名。故選A項(xiàng)。7．答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Obviously,ifprecautionsaren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.‘Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits，’saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.（顯然，如果不采取預(yù)防措施，灰熊會(huì)變得很麻煩，有時(shí)會(huì)殺死農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物，或者在院子里尋找食物。如果人們把食物和引誘劑從他們的院子和露營(yíng)地移走，灰熊通常會(huì)安然通過(guò)。在雞舍和其他農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物生活區(qū)周圍設(shè)置電動(dòng)圍欄也能有效地趕走灰熊。‘我們希望有一個(gè)干凈，沒(méi)有誘餌的地方，熊可以通過(guò)，而不會(huì)養(yǎng)成壞習(xí)慣，’詹姆斯·瓊克爾說(shuō)，他是一位長(zhǎng)期管理米蘇拉及其周圍熊的生物學(xué)家）”可推知，灰熊數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)，雖然會(huì)帶來(lái)一些麻煩，但是如果采取一些預(yù)防措施，人和灰熊可以和諧相處。故選B項(xiàng)。C語(yǔ)篇類型：說(shuō)明文主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)——?dú)v史、社會(huì)與文化——英國(guó)人的房子【文章大意】本文介紹了英國(guó)房子的類型及反映英國(guó)不同時(shí)代特點(diǎn)的房子。8．答案與解析：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段首句可知，高高的天花板和彩磚是維多利亞時(shí)代房子的特點(diǎn)。故B項(xiàng)正確。9．答案與解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二、三段可知，維多利亞時(shí)代的房子和建于1714年至1830年間的喬治王朝時(shí)期的房子有著明顯不同的特點(diǎn)；再結(jié)合文章又介紹了20世紀(jì)90年代房子的特點(diǎn)（抗寒、電氣設(shè)備新）可推知，作者提及維多利亞時(shí)代的房子和喬治王朝時(shí)期的房子是為了證明英國(guó)房子的多樣性。故D項(xiàng)正確。10．答案與解析：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二、三段描述可知，文中介紹了維多利亞時(shí)代的房子和喬治王朝時(shí)期的房子，以及20世紀(jì)90年代的房子；再結(jié)合第四段中的“peopleinBritainhaveawidevarietyof