黑龍江省哈爾濱市平房區(qū)東安英才學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年八年級上學(xué)期期末數(shù)學(xué)試題（五四制）

密山市高級中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年度高二聯(lián)考期末考試英語試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.考試期間，注意考試時(shí)間2.禁止在試卷上亂寫亂畫一、選擇題（A、D每題2分；B、C每題1.5分，共24分）ATheBritishMuseumWelcometotheBritishMuseumtoexperienceculturesacrosstheglobe,fromtheoriginofhumanhistorytothepresent.Theentrycanbegainedforfreeifappliedonourwebsite.◆Opentoday:10:00-20:30◆Lastentry:19:30PlanyourvisitBookticketsandplanyourdayincludingexhibitions,facilities,access,foodandtravel.BookyourfreetickettoguaranteeMuseumentryandreceivekeyinformationandupdatesbeforeyourvisit.GalleriesPleasenotethatgalleriesintheMuseummaybeclosedformaintainingcleanorprivateevents.AllplannedclosureswillbelistedontheVisitpage.Occasionallywemayneedtoclosegalleriesatshortnoticeforsafetyreasons.Weregretthatinthesecaseswe’renotalwaysabletoinformthepublicinadvance.FamilyvisitsFamilieswithchildrenofallagescanenjoyarangeoffreegalleryactivities.◆TakeonaMuseumMissionYoucanwanderthroughselectedgalleriesandcompletefivechallenges.Findavarietyofobjectswithinthegallery,performforavideousingaphoneortablet,discussanobject,lookcloselyatcollectionhighlights,andposeforaphotoshootalongsidetheobjects.◆EmbarkonaMuseumExplorerTrail(路徑)Involvingthewholefamily,eachtraildivesintointerestingobjects.TrailsincludeJourneyAcrossJapan,AfricaAroundtheWorld,AncientGreece,AncientEgypt,FantasticCreaturesandmore.◆ExplorewithaThemedBackpackThisuniqueexperienceallowsvisitorsunder16toexplorethemuseuminafunway.JobsinRomanBritain,bestforages7-11,seeskidsmatchmodernobjectswithancientobjects;SensorySupportBackpackprovides更多課件教案等優(yōu)質(zhì)滋元可家威杏MXSJ663resourcesandideastosupportyoungvisitorsaged3–11withadditionalsensoryneedsinabusymuseumenvironment;LittleFeet,abackpackforkidsunder5foruseinanyareaofthemuseumisalsoworthtrying.1.Howcouldthevisitorsgetentrytothemuseum?A.Byinformingthestaffinadvance. B.ByapplyingontheInternet.C.Bysendingemailstoapplyforentry. D.Bybuyingticketsatthedoor.2.Whyarethegalleriesclosedatshortnotice?A.Forkeepingclean. B.Forpersonalactivities.C.Forsecurityissues. D.Forcontrollingvisiting.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoinJobsinRomanBritain?A.Havingsomediscussions. B.Takingphotosofobjects.C.Doingtheobjectmatching. D.Wanderingaroundgalleries.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了參觀大英博物館的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Theentrycanbegainedforfreeifappliedonourwebsite.(如果在我們的網(wǎng)站上申請，可以免費(fèi)獲得進(jìn)入權(quán))”可知，游客可以通過在網(wǎng)上申請獲得博物館的入場券，故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Galleries部分“Occasionallywemayneedtoclosegalleriesatshortnoticeforsafetyreasons.(有時(shí)出于安全原因，我們可能需要在短時(shí)間內(nèi)關(guān)閉畫廊)”可知，畫廊會出于安全原因短時(shí)間關(guān)閉，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“JobsinRomanBritain,bestforages7-11,seeskidsmatchmodernobjectswithancientobjects(JobsinRomanBritain最適合7-11歲的孩子，孩子們會把現(xiàn)代物品和古代物品搭配起來)”可知，游客可以在JobsinRomanBritain做物品配對活動(dòng)，故選C。BAstronautNeillArmstrong,thefirstmanonthemoon,passedawayat82.HecommandedtheApollo11spacecraftthatlandedonthemoononJuly20,1969,andhasbeenbestrememberedbysaying“That’sonesmallstepforman,onegiantleapformankind”.ArmstrongwasbornAug5,1930,onafarminwesternOhio.Hetookhisfirstairplanerideattheageof6anddevelopedaninterestinaviation(航空)thatpushedhimtobuildmodelairplanesandconductexperimentsinahomemadewindtunnel.Asaboy,hetookflyinglessonsandwaslicensedtoflyat16,beforehegothisdriver’slicense.ArmstrongenrolledinPurdueUniversitytostudyaircraftengineeringbutwascalledtoworkwiththeUSNavyin1949andflew78fighttasks.ArmstrongwasacceptedintoNASA’sastronautclassin1962.HewasasupportcommanderfortheApollo8taskin1968.Inthatflight,CommanderFrankBorman,JimLovellandBiIIAnderscircledthemoon10times,andgotreadyforthemoonlandingsevenmonthslater.OnJuly20,1969,anestimated600millionpeople—afifthoftheworld’spopulationwatchedandlistenedtothelanding,thelargestaudienceforanysingleeventinhistory.Parentscrowdedwiththeirchildreninfrontofthefamilytelevision.absorbedbywhattheywerewitnessing.Farmersgaveuptheirdutiesatnight,anddriverspulledoffthehighwayandcheckedintohotelsjusttoseethemoonwalk.Television-lesstravelersinCaliforniarantotheircarstocatchthewordontheradio.Afterward,peoplewalkedoutoftheirhomesandstaredatthemoon,inaweofwhattheyhadjustseen.Otherswatchedthroughtelescopesinhopesofspottingtheastronauts.“Icanhonestlysay-andit’sabigsurprisetomethatIhaveneverhadadreamaboutbeingonthemoon.”heoncesaid.ArmstrongmarriedCarolKnightin1994,andthecouplelivedquietlyinIndianHill,aCincinnatisuburb.Hehadtwoadultsonsfromapreviousmarriage.4.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducethefirstmantolandonthemoon.B.TotellpeopleApollo11landedonthemoononJuly20,1969.C.Toillustrateanestimated600millionpeoplewitnessedtheeventinhistory.D.Toexplainthesaying“That’sonesmallstepforman,onegiantleapformankind”.5.Whathappenedbetween1949and1969?A.Armstrongcircledthemoon10times.B.ArmstrongwascalledtoworkwiththeUSNavy.C.ArmstronggavelecturesinNASA’sastronautclass.D.Armstrongconductedexperimentsinahomemadewindtunnel.6.Howdidpeoplefeelwhenwatchingandlisteningtothelanding?A.Surprised. B.Astonished. C.Disappointed. D.Overjoyed.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Armstronggothisdriver’slicenseat16.B.Armstrongtookhisfirstairplanerideataveryyoungage.C.Armstronghadachildhooddreamaboutbeingonthemoon.D.ArmstrongmarriedCarolin1994andthenhadtwosons.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了第一個(gè)登上月球的宇航員尼爾·阿姆斯特朗的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷以及成就。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“AstronautNeillArmstrong,thefirstmanonthemoon,passedawayat82.HecommandedtheApollo11spacecraftthatlandedonthemoononJuly20,1969,andhasbeenbestrememberedbysaying“That’sonesmallstepforman,onegiantleapformankind”.(第一個(gè)登上月球的宇航員尼爾·阿姆斯特朗去世，享年82歲。1969年7月20日，他指揮阿波羅11號宇宙飛船在月球上著陸，他最令人難忘的名言是:“這是我個(gè)人的一小步，卻是人類的一大步?！?”可推知，文章的目的是介紹第一個(gè)登上月球的人。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ArmstrongenrolledinPurdueUniversitytostudyaircraftengineeringbutwascalledtoworkwiththeUSNavyin1949andflew78fighttasks.ArmstrongwasacceptedintoNASA’sastronautclassin1962.HewasasupportcommanderfortheApollo8taskin1968.(阿姆斯特朗進(jìn)入普渡大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)飛機(jī)工程，但在1949年被征召到美國海軍工作，并執(zhí)行了78次戰(zhàn)斗任務(wù)。1962年，阿姆斯特朗進(jìn)入了美國宇航局的宇航員班。他是1968年阿波羅8號任務(wù)的支援指揮官)”以及第四段“OnJuly20,1969,anestimated600millionpeople—afifthoftheworld’spopulationwatchedandlistenedtothelanding,thelargestaudienceforanysingleeventinhistory.(1969年7月20日，估計(jì)有6億人——占世界人口的五分之一——觀看和收聽了這次著陸，這是歷史上觀看人數(shù)最多的一次)”可知，1949年到1969年間，阿姆斯特朗被召去為美國海軍工作。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Parentscrowdedwiththeirchildreninfrontofthefamilytelevision.absorbedbywhattheywerewitnessing.Farmersgaveuptheirdutiesatnight,anddriverspulledoffthehighwayandcheckedintohotelsjusttoseethemoonwalk.Television-lesstravelersinCaliforniarantotheircarstocatchthewordontheradio.Afterward,peoplewalkedoutoftheirhomesandstaredatthemoon,inaweofwhattheyhadjustseen.Otherswatchedthroughtelescopesinhopesofspottingtheastronauts.(父母帶著孩子擠在家里的電視機(jī)前。被他們所目睹的一切所吸引。農(nóng)民們在晚上放棄了他們的工作，司機(jī)們把車停在高速公路上，住進(jìn)酒店，只是為了看一看太空步。在加州，沒有電視的旅行者跑到他們的車?yán)锶ヂ犑找魴C(jī)里的消息。之后，人們走出家門，凝視著月亮，對他們剛剛看到的感到敬畏。其他人則通過望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀看，希望能看到宇航員)”可推知，人們在觀看和收聽飛船著陸時(shí)感到歡喜。故選D。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Hetookhisfirstairplanerideattheageof6anddevelopedaninterestinaviation(航空)thatpushedhimtobuildmodelairplanesandconductexperimentsinahomemadewindtunnel.(6歲時(shí)，他第一次乘坐飛機(jī)，并對航空產(chǎn)生了興趣，這促使他制作飛機(jī)模型，并在自制的風(fēng)洞中進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn))”可知，阿姆斯特朗在很小的時(shí)候第一次坐飛機(jī)。故選B。CChinesetraditionalpaintinganddancearetwovitalpartsoftheartworld.Butwhataboutwhentheymeeteachother?Thisyear,adancedramatitledPoeticDance:TheJourneyofaLegendaryLandscapePainting(《只此青綠》)wasstagedonCCTV’SpringFestivalGalaandwentviral.AccordingtoCCTV,thispoeticdanceprogrammewasinspiredbytheabout900-year-oldChinesepaintingAPanoramaofRiversandMountains(《千里江山圖》).CreatedbySongDynastypainterWangXimengattheageof18,thepaintingisamazinginitsmarvelloussize,richcolorationandtheexpressivedetails,reportedCCTV.ItshowsaChineseblue-greenlandscape:mountainsandgroupingsofinfiniteriseandfallbetweencloudlessskyandripplingwater.Whenthedancersmovedelegantly,audiencesseemedtobelookingatthemovingmountainsandrivers.“Itbringsmeapureexperienceofbeauty.Itisnotonlydancebutalsoan‘exhibition’.Vastmountainsandriversarecomingtolife!”AnInternetuserMoWeishawroteinareview,“Aboutathousandyearslater,greenmountainsandriversstillwowpeopleastheydidlongago.Somepeopleevendecidedtowatchthedanceagainwhenitwasstagedinthetheaterslater.Infact,inrecentyears,moreandmoremodernshowshighlightChinesetraditionalcultureandhavereceivedwarmwelcome.Asforwhy,itisduetopeople’sgreatlovefortraditionalculture.“Theyoungergenerationshavegrownupwithamoreopenmindset.TheyembraceChinesecultureandareproudofit.”YaoWei,directorofHenanTVStation’sInnovationCenter,toldChinaDaily.8.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1inthetext?A.Topresentacommonphenomenon. B.Tocomparepaintingwithdance.C.Todescribetheartworld. D.Tointroducethetopic.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutthepaintingAPanoramaofRiversandMountainsfromthetext?A.Itwaspaintedinseveralbrightcolors.B.Itshowsnaturalbeautyvividly.C.Itwascreatedoverthousandyearsago.D.Itisofsmallsizebutincludesgreatdetails.10.WhyareshowsaboutChinesetraditionalculturebecomingpopularaccordingtoYaoWei?A.Peoplearemoreopentotraditionalculture.B.Peoplearehappytoseenewformsofart.C.Chineseculturehasbeenspreadingaroundtheworld.D.Peoplehavegainedmoreaccesstotraditionalculture.11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.PassionforChineseTraditionalPaintingB.ArtComingAliveThroughPoeticDanceC.ConnectionBetweenPaintingandDanceD.HighlightsinTraditionalChineseCulture【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是篇說明文。作者以在中央電視臺的春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會上演出而爆紅的舞蹈《只此青綠》為例子，說明了中國傳統(tǒng)繪畫和舞蹈結(jié)合在一起產(chǎn)生的巨大的文化藝術(shù)魅力?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“Chinesetraditionalpaintinganddancearetwovitalpartsoftheartworld.Butwhataboutwhentheymeeteachother?(中國傳統(tǒng)給畫和舞罪是藝術(shù)界的兩個(gè)重要組成部分，但是當(dāng)它們相遇時(shí)會怎么樣呢？)”結(jié)合第二段內(nèi)容“Thisyear,adancedramatitledPoeticDance:TheJourneyofaLegendaryLandscapePainting(《只此青綠》)wasstagedonCCTV’SpringFestivalGalaandwentviral(今年，一部舞蹈圈《舞蹈詩劇：只此青綠》在中央電視臺的春節(jié)晚會上上演并且廣為傳播)”可推斷，第一段以問題的形式引出文章的主題。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“AccordingtoCCTV,thispoeticdanceprogrammewasinspiredbytheabout900-year-oldChinesepaintingAPanoramaofRiversandMountains(《千里江山圖》).CreatedbySongDynastypainterWangXimengattheageof18,thepaintingisamazinginitsmarveloussize,richcolorationandtheexpressivedetails,reportedCCTV.ItshowsaChineseblue-greenlandscape:mountainsandgroupingsofinfiniteriseandfallbetweencloudlessskyandripplingwater.(根據(jù)中央電視臺，它的靈感來源于有41年歷史的中國畫《干里江山圖》。據(jù)央視報(bào)道，這幅畫由宋朝畫家王錫孟創(chuàng)作，以其巨大的體積、豐富的自然色彩和富于表現(xiàn)力的細(xì)節(jié)給人留下深刻印象，“它展示了一幅中國藍(lán)綠色的土地圖片：群山起伏，在無云的天空和漣滴的水面之間)”可知，《干里江山圖》生動(dòng)地展示了自然美。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判新題。根據(jù)最后一段的““Theyoungergenerationshavegrownupwithamoreopenmindset.TheyembraceChinesecultureandareproudofit.“YaoWei,directorofHenanTVStation’sInnovationCenter,toldChinaDaily.(“年輕一代在更開放的心態(tài)下長大。他們擁抱中國文化，并為此感到自豪?！焙幽想娨暸_創(chuàng)新中心主任姚偉在接受《中國日報(bào)》采訪時(shí)表示)”可知，姚偉認(rèn)為中國傳統(tǒng)文化的節(jié)目越來越受歡迎，是因?yàn)槿藗兏訕酚诮邮軅鹘y(tǒng)文化。故選A【11題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。第二段內(nèi)容“Thisyear,adancedramatitledPoeticDance:TheJourneyofaLegendaryLandscapePainting(《只此青綠》)wasstagedonCCTV’SpringFestivalGalaandwentviral(今年，一部舞題劇《舞蹈詩?。褐淮饲嗑G》在中央電視臺的春節(jié)晚會上上演井且廣為傳播)”和第四段的“Itbringsmeapureexperienceofbeauty.(它給我?guī)砹艘环N純粹的美麗體驗(yàn))”和倒數(shù)第二段的“Infact,inrecentyears,moreandmoremodernshowshighlightChinesetraditionalcultureandhavereceivedwarmwelcome.Asforwhy,itisduetopeople’sgreatlovefortraditionalculture.(事實(shí)上，近年來，越來越多的現(xiàn)代節(jié)日突出中國傳統(tǒng)文化，并受到熱烈歡迎，關(guān)于為什么，因?yàn)槿藗儗鹘y(tǒng)文化熱愛。)”以及最后一段的“Theyoungergenerationshavegrownupwithamoreopenmindset.TheyembraceChinesecultureandareproudofit.(年輕一代以一種更開放的心態(tài)長大，他們欣然接受中國文化，并為此感到自豪)”可知，文章以舞劇《只此青綠》閘述了中國傳統(tǒng)文化節(jié)目越來越受歡迎，人們對傳統(tǒng)文化更加樂于接受，年輕人為中國傳統(tǒng)文化感到自豪，因此推斷B項(xiàng)“ArtComingAliveThroughPoeticDance(藝術(shù)通過舞蹈活躍起來)”為最佳標(biāo)題，概括了文章的主旨。故選B。DSometimesshipwrecks（沉船）containsunkentreasure,loadsofgoldorjewelry.Othershipwrecksarethemselvesthetreasure—thestoriesoftheirill-fatedvoyagescreatingalegendthatmakesthemsparklefarmorethananygoldorpreciousstones.ThewreckofHMSEndurance,whichhasfinallybeenlocateddeepbeneaththeicyseasofAntarcticaafterbeinglost107yearsago,wasarguablythemostvaluableshipwreckeversought.That’sbecauseitsdiscoveryaddsanotherthrillingnewchaptertoanalreadyfascinatingtaleofperseveranceandsurvivalthathasechoeddownthedecadesandstillinspirestoday.Incrediblywellpreservedatadepthofalmosttwomiles,theshipislittlechangedfromthedayinNovember1914whenitfinallysankbeneaththeice.EndurancebecameembeddedinicewhilecrossingAntarctica’sWeddellSea.Thevideoshotbyunderwatersearchvehiclesshowspaintedtimbers,anundamagedguardrail（護(hù)欄）andthename“Endurance”writtenabovethefive-pointedsymbolofapolarstar.“Itellyou,youwouldhavetobemadeofstonenottofeelabitsoftatthesightofthatstarandthenameabove,”MensunBound,themission’smarinearchaeologist,toldtheBBC.“Youcanseeaporthole（舷窗）thatisinShackleton’scabin.Atthatmoment,youreallydofeelthebreathofthegreatmanuponthebackofyourneck.”Shackleton’sleadershipwascrucialtogettinghismenoutalive.ThereasonwhyShackletonisstillapplaudedasagreatmanbecomesobviouswhenyouconsiderwhatheachievedinthefaceofdisastersandhardshipsduringhis1914-16expedition.Thepracticalityandhumanityheshowedinthefaceofseveresituationswasarguablypraised.12.WhatmakesEndurancethemostvaluableshipwreck?A.Thetreasureaboard. B.Itsinspiringstories.C.Itsundamagedguardrail. D.Thesymbolofapolarstar.13.WhatcanweinferfromMensunBound’swords?A.Thefloatingiceisashardasstones.B.Thewell-preservedshipwreckisamazing.C.TheheroicdeedsofShackletonaretouching.D.ThediscoveryofEnduranceischallenging.14.Whatisthetexttypeofthepassage?A.Abookreview. B.Anewsreport.C.Abiography. D.Atraveljournal.【答案】12.B13.C14.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要講述了“HMS忍耐號”的殘骸，是有史以來最有價(jià)值的沉船?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“That’sbecauseitsdiscoveryaddsanotherthrillingnewchaptertoanalreadyfascinatingtaleofperseveranceandsurvivalthathasechoeddownthedecadesandstillinspirestoday.”（這是因?yàn)樗陌l(fā)現(xiàn)為這個(gè)已經(jīng)引人入勝的故事增添了另一個(gè)驚心動(dòng)魄的新篇章，這個(gè)故事講述了堅(jiān)持不懈和生存下來的故事，這個(gè)故事在過去的幾十年里一直回蕩，直到今天仍然激勵(lì)著。）可知，“忍耐號”沉船被認(rèn)為時(shí)最有價(jià)值的沉船在于其講述的激勵(lì)人的堅(jiān)持不懈的故事。故選B。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Shackleton’sleadershipwascrucialtogettinghismenoutalive.ThereasonwhyShackletonisstillapplaudedasagreatmanbecomesobviouswhenyouconsiderwhatheachievedinthefaceofdisastersandhardshipsduringhis1914-16expedition.Thepracticalityandhumanityheshowedinthefaceofseveresituationswasarguablypraised.”（沙克爾頓的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力，對于他的人能否活著出來至關(guān)重要。當(dāng)你想到沙克爾頓在1914-1916年的探險(xiǎn)中，在災(zāi)難和艱辛面前所取得的成就，你就會明白為什么他仍然被稱贊為偉大的人。他在嚴(yán)峻形勢下表現(xiàn)出的實(shí)用性和人性，受到了贊揚(yáng)。）可知，人們對沙克爾頓船長的敬意在于其面對災(zāi)難時(shí)他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力和英勇精神，對于活著出來至關(guān)重要，故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThewreckofHMSEndurance,whichhasfinallybeenlocateddeepbeneaththeicyseasofAntarcticaafterbeinglost107yearsago,wasarguablythemostvaluableshipwreckeversought.”（107年前失蹤的“HMS忍耐號”的殘骸，終于沉入了南極洲冰冷的海洋深處，可以說是有史以來最有價(jià)值的沉船。）引出了文章講述的話題：“HMS忍耐號”的殘骸，是有史以來最有價(jià)值的沉船。接著在下文講述了沉船的經(jīng)過及船長沙克爾頓的英勇精神。所以本文屬于新聞報(bào)道。故選B。二、七選五（每空2分，共10分）Asisoftenthecase,youaretryinghardtokeepyoureyesopeninclassafteralatenightdoingpilesandpilesofhomework,“___15___”Youareprobablythinking,“ThisweekendI’llmakeupforallthesleepIhavelost.”___16___.Mostpeoplethinkthesameway-ifyoustayinbedlongeronSaturdaysorSundays,youwillrecoveryourmissedsleepduringtheweek.However,thisisnotcorrect.___17___Actually,researchershavejustdiscoveredthatsleepingduringtheweekendwillnotdoyouanygood,butrathermakeyoufeelmoretiredonMondaymorning.Ourbodykeepsaclockinside.Ittellsuswhentowakeupinthemorningandwhentofeelsleepyatnight.Butthetimeonourbodyclockcanbechangedoncewestarttakingondifferentsleepinghabits.___18___.ThismaymeanonMondaymorningwesometimesstruggletogetoutofbed.Ifwedecidetogetuponly20minutesorhalfanhourlater,itwon’tmatter.Thisisbecauseourbodyclockcanaccommodate(順應(yīng))adelayofuptoanhour,whichmeansthatashortlie-inatweekendsisunlikelytohaveanybigeffect,weneedn’tworryaboutitatall.___19___,So,whatshouldwedotobalanceandmakeupforallthesleepwe’vemissed?Scientistssaythatsimplyeighthoursofsleepwoulddothetrick,notanylonger.A.Youarenotalone.B.Ineedmoresleep!C.Sleepisimportantforeveryone.D.Sleepingisnothinglikepayingbackmoney.E.However,ifwesleeplongeroursleepbecomeslessefficient.F.Butdelaysofuptotwohoursormorecanthrowourbodyoutoforder.G.Thisiswhystayinginbedforlongerthanusualmightconfuseourbodyclock.【答案】15.B16.A17.D18.G19.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，很多人習(xí)慣于平時(shí)熬夜，周末補(bǔ)覺?？茖W(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣做是沒有效果的，因?yàn)槲覀凅w內(nèi)的生物鐘會隨著我們睡眠時(shí)間的改變而改變，周末補(bǔ)覺是沒有用的。【15題詳解】根據(jù)橫線前句“Asisoftenthecase,youaretryinghardtokeepyoureyesopeninclassafteralatenightdoingpilesandpilesofhomework…”可知我前一天晚上熬夜到很晚，所以我需要更多的睡眠。B項(xiàng)“Ineedmoresleep!”符合語境，故選擇B項(xiàng)。【16題詳解】根據(jù)橫線后句“Mostpeoplethinkthesameway-ifyoustayinbedlongeronSaturdaysorSundays,youwillrecoveryourmissedsleepduringtheweek.”可知很多人和你一樣，都要在周末補(bǔ)覺。A項(xiàng)“Youarenotalone.”符合語境，故選擇A項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】橫線前一句“However,thisisnotcorrect.”告訴我們這種做法是錯(cuò)誤的，平時(shí)缺少的睡眠是無法補(bǔ)回來的。D項(xiàng)“Sleepingisnothinglikepayingbackmoney.”符合語境，故選擇D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】橫線前一句“Butthetimeonourbodyclockcanbechangedoncewestarttakingondifferentsleepinghabits.”告訴我們黨我們有不同的睡眠習(xí)慣的時(shí)候，我們體內(nèi)的生物鐘會發(fā)生改變。恰好解釋了G項(xiàng)“Thisiswhystayinginbedforlongerthanusualmightconfuseourbodyclock.”，故選擇G項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)橫線前一句“Thisisbecauseourbodyclockcanaccommodate(順應(yīng))adelayofuptoanhour,whichmeansthatashortlie-inatweekendsisunlikelytohaveanybigeffect,weneedn’tworryaboutitatall.”可知當(dāng)我推遲一個(gè)小時(shí)睡眠的時(shí)候，我們的生物鐘會順應(yīng)做出調(diào)整，不會有太大的影響。但是推遲的時(shí)間不能太長，推遲的時(shí)間太長會對我們的睡眠生物鐘產(chǎn)生不好的影響。F項(xiàng)“Butdelaysofuptotwohoursormorecanthrowourbodyoutoforder.”符合語境，故選擇F項(xiàng)。三、完形填空（每空1.5分，共30分）Aftertheirbusinesstrip,JohnandMaryreturned,eagertoseetheirlovelychildren.Astheydroveintotheirhometownfeelinggladtobeback,theynoticed____20____,andtheywentofftheirusualroutetoseewhatitwas.Theyfounda____21____inflames.Marysaid,“Oh,well,itisn’tourfire,let’sgohome.”ButJohn____22____closerandscreamed,“ThathomebelongstoFredJoneswhoworksattheplant.Hewouldn’tbe____23____workyet,maybethereissomethingwecoulddo.”“Ithasnothingtodowithus,”Mary____24____.ButJohndroveupandstoppedandtheywerebothhorror-strickentoseethewholehousein____25____.Awomanonthelawnwasscreaming,“Thechildren!Getthechildren!”John____26____herbytheshouldersaying,“Getaholdofyourselfandtelluswherethechildrenare!”“Inthe____27____,”criedthewoman.“Downthehallandtotheleft.”InspiteofMary’sdisagreement,John____28____forthebasementwhichwasfullofsmokeand____29____hot.Hefoundthedoorandtwochildren.____30____helefthecouldhearsomemoresobbing.He____31____thetwobadlyfrightenedchildreninto____32____armsandstartedbackaskinghowmanymorechildrenweredownthere.Theytoldhim____33____moreandMarygraspedhisarmandscreamed,“John!Don’tgoback!It’s____34____!Thathousewillfalldownanysecond.”____35____heranintothesmoke-filledhallwayandatlasthefoundbothchildren.Asheclimbedupthe____36____stairs,thethoughtwentthroughhismindthattherewassomethingstrangely____37____aboutthelittlebodiesnexttohim,andatlastwhentheycameoutintothe____38____andfreshair,hefoundthathehadjust____39____hisownchildren.Thebaby-sitterhadleftthematthishomewhileshedidsomeshopping.20.A.direction B.mistake C.danger D.smoke21.A.home B.plant C.store D.kitchen22.A.ran B.walked C.drove D.rode23.A.at B.off C.to D.on24.A.whispered B.nodded C.disagreed D.required25.A.ruins B.pieces C.flames D.silence26.A.pushed B.seized C.greeted D.stopped27.A.basement B.department C.house D.hall28.A.went B.reached C.asked D.rushed29.A.heavily B.slightly C.partly D.terribly30.A.If B.As C.Since D.Unless31.A.comforted B.delivered C.recognized D.protected32.A.cheering B.freezing C.waiting D.suffering33.A.many B.several C.three D.two34.A.dangerous B.foolish C.practical D.painful35.A.Therefore B.So C.Instead D.But36.A.wide B.endless C.narrow D.dirty37.A.particular B.interesting C.familiar D.fortunate38.A.car B.sunlight C.crowd D.arms39.A.rescued B.found C.lost D.missed【答案】20.D21.A22.C23.B24.C25.C26.B27.A28.D29.D30.B31.B32.C33.D34.A35.D36.B37.C38.B39.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。約翰和瑪麗夫婦開車出差回家途中看到別人家著火，丈夫不顧妻子的勸阻和危險(xiǎn)，兩次進(jìn)入火海，救出了房子里面所有的孩子，最后竟然意外發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的孩子也在被救之列。本文說明了一個(gè)幫助別人也是幫助自己的道理?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們開車回到家鄉(xiāng)時(shí)，他們感到很高興，他們注意到煙霧，他們離開了通常的路線去看看是什么。A.direction方向；B.mistake錯(cuò)誤；C.danger危險(xiǎn)；D.smoke(燃燒所產(chǎn)生的)煙。根據(jù)后文“Theyfounda____2____inflames.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一所著火的房子)”可知，他們先看到濃煙，后看到房子著火。故選D。21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一所著火的房子。A.home房子；B.plant工廠；C.store商店；D.kitchen廚房。根據(jù)后文“ThathomebelongstoFredJoneswhoworksattheplant(那座房子屬于在工廠工作的弗雷德·瓊斯)”可知，此處是房子著火了。故選A。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但約翰駛得更近了，尖叫道：“那所房子是在工廠工作的弗雷德·瓊斯的?！盇.ran跑步；B.walked走路；C.drove開車；D.rode騎。根據(jù)上文“Astheydroveintotheirhometownfeelinggladtobeback,theynoticed____1____,andtheywentofftheirusualroutetoseewhatitwas.(當(dāng)他們開車回到家鄉(xiāng)時(shí)，他們感到很高興，他們注意到煙霧，他們離開了通常的路線去看看是什么)”可知，他們是開車回家鄉(xiāng)的，于是，約翰開車前往，一看究竟。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：那棟房子屬于在工廠工作的弗雷德·瓊斯。他還沒下班呢。A.at在（表示存在或出現(xiàn)的地點(diǎn)、場所、位置、空間）；B.off離開（某處）；C.to朝；位于……；D.on在……之上。根據(jù)上句“ThathomebelongstoFredJoneswhoworksattheplant.(那棟房子屬于在工廠工作的弗雷德·瓊斯)”可知，弗雷德·瓊斯還在上班，beoffwork“下班”。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“這與我們無關(guān)，”瑪麗不同意。A.whispered竊竊私語；B.nodded點(diǎn)頭；C.disagreed不同意；D.required要求。根據(jù)本句“Ithasnothingtodowithus(這與我們無關(guān))”可知，瑪麗不同意丈夫去冒險(xiǎn)。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是約翰開車過來停了下來，他們倆看到整個(gè)房子都在燃燒，都嚇壞了。A.ruins廢墟；B.pieces塊，片，段；部件；C.flames火焰；D.silence沉默。根據(jù)上文“Theyfounda____2____inflames.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一所著火的房子。)”可知，整個(gè)房子在燃燒。故選C。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：約翰抓住她的肩膀說：“別著急，告訴我們孩子們在哪里！”A.pushed推；B.seized抓??；C.greeted問候；D.stopped停止。根據(jù)本句“bytheshoulder(她的肩膀)”可知，約翰抓住她的肩膀，seizesbbytheshoulder“抓住某人的肩膀”。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“在地下室，”女人叫道。A.basement地下室；B.department部門；C.house房子；D.hall大廳。根據(jù)“InspiteofMary’sdisagreement,John____9____forthebasementwhichwasfullofsmokeand____10____hot.(約翰不顧瑪麗的反對，沖進(jìn)了煙霧彌漫、熱得要命的地下室)”可知，孩子們在地下室。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：約翰不顧瑪麗的反對，沖進(jìn)了煙霧彌漫、熱得要命的地下室。A.went去；B.reached到達(dá)；C.asked詢問；D.rushed沖。根據(jù)上文“ButJohndroveupandstoppedandtheywerebothhorror-strickentoseethewholehousein____6____.(但是約翰開車過來停了下來，他們倆看到整個(gè)房子都在燃燒，都嚇壞了)”可知，情況危急，約翰沖到了地下室。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意見上題解析。A.heavily沉重地；B.slightly輕微地；C.partly部分地；D.terribly可怕地。根據(jù)本句“InspiteofMary’sdisagreement,John____9____forthebasementwhichwasfullofsmoke(約翰不顧瑪麗的反對，沖進(jìn)了煙霧彌漫的地下室)”可知，地下室煙霧彌漫，熱的要命。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他離開時(shí)，他聽到了更多的啜泣聲。A.If如果；B.As當(dāng)……的時(shí)候；C.Since自從……以來；D.Unless除非。根據(jù)本句“hecouldhearsomemoresobbing.(他聽到了更多的啜泣聲)”可知，是當(dāng)他離開的時(shí)候，他聽到了更多的哭泣聲。故選B。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他把兩個(gè)嚇壞了的孩子抱到等待他的懷里，然后開始問下面還有多少孩子。A.comforted安慰；B.delivered運(yùn)送；C.recognized認(rèn)識；D.protected保護(hù)。根據(jù)“thetwobadlyfrightenedchildreninto____13____arms(他把兩個(gè)嚇壞了的孩子抱到等待他的懷里)”可知，他把孩子運(yùn)送到等待著的人們懷抱中，繼續(xù)又去救人了。故選B。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意見上題解析。A.cheering喝彩的；B.freezing結(jié)冰的；C.waiting等待的；D.suffering痛苦的。根據(jù)“He____12____thetwobadlyfrightenedchildreninto…(他把兩個(gè)嚇壞了的孩子抱到)”可知，他把孩子運(yùn)送到等待著的人們懷抱中。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們又告訴了他兩個(gè)，瑪麗抓住他的胳膊尖叫道，“約翰！別回去！這很危險(xiǎn)！那座房子隨時(shí)都可能倒塌?！盇.many許多的；B.several若干的；C.three三個(gè)的；D.two兩個(gè)的。根據(jù)“____16____heranintothesmoke-filledhallwayandatlasthefoundbothchildren.(但是他跑進(jìn)了煙霧彌漫的走廊，最后他找到了兩個(gè)孩子)”可知，還有兩個(gè)孩子。故選D。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意見上題解析。A.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；B.foolish愚蠢的；C.practical實(shí)用的；D.painful痛苦的。根據(jù)后句“Thathousewillfalldownanysecond.(那座房子隨時(shí)都可能倒塌)”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)的情形很危險(xiǎn)。故選A。【35題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：但是他跑進(jìn)了煙霧彌漫的走廊，最后他找到了兩個(gè)孩子。A.Therefore因此；B.So所以；C.Instead相反；D.But但是。根據(jù)上句“John!Don’tgoback!It’s____15____!Thathousewillfalldownanysecond.(約翰！別回去！這很危險(xiǎn)！那座房子隨時(shí)都可能倒塌)”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)的情形很危險(xiǎn)，但是約翰跑進(jìn)了煙霧彌漫的走廊尋找孩子。上下句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用but。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他爬上那一望無際的樓梯時(shí)，他的腦海里閃過一種奇怪的感覺，覺得身邊的那些小孩很熟悉，最后，當(dāng)他們來到陽光和新鮮空氣中，他發(fā)現(xiàn)他剛剛救了自己的孩子。A.wide寬的；B.endless無止境的；C.narrow狹窄的；D.dirty臟的。根據(jù)上句“____16____heranintothesmoke-filledhallwayandatlasthefoundbothchildren.(但是他跑進(jìn)了煙霧彌漫的走廊，最后他找到了兩個(gè)孩子)”可知，爬上逃生之路的樓梯一定很辛苦，樓梯似乎一望無際。故選B。【37題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意見上題解析。A.particular特別的；B.interesting有趣的；C.familiar相似的、熟悉的；D.fortunate幸運(yùn)的。根據(jù)后句“andatlastwhentheycameoutintothe____19____andfreshair,hefoundthathehadjust____20____hisownchildren.(最后，當(dāng)他們來到陽光和新鮮空氣中，他發(fā)現(xiàn)他剛剛救了自己的孩子)”可知，因?yàn)榧s翰最終發(fā)現(xiàn)救的是自已的孩子。所以他覺得自己身旁的小孩“非常熟悉”。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意見17小題。A.car汽車；B.sunlight陽光；C.crowd人群；D.arms胳膊。根據(jù)上文“InspiteofMary’sdisagreement,John____9____forthebasementwhichwasfullofsmokeand____10____hot.(約翰不顧瑪麗的反對，沖進(jìn)了煙霧彌漫、熱得要命的地下室)”可知，從地下室到“重見天日”。由此可知，約翰救出孩子，見到陽光和呼吸到新鮮空氣。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意見17小題。A.rescued營救；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.lost失去；D.missed錯(cuò)過。根據(jù)上文“Asheclimbedupthe____17____stairs,thethoughtwentthroughhismindthattherewassomethingstrangely____18____aboutthelittlebodiesnexttohim(當(dāng)他爬上那一望無際的樓梯時(shí)，他的腦海里閃過一種奇怪的感覺，覺得身邊的那些小孩很熟悉)”可知，最后發(fā)現(xiàn)自已這次救了自己的孩子。故選A。四、短文填空（每空2分，共20分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InsouthernChina,thereisafamousroad___40___(build)acr