報關(guān)與國際貨運(yùn)專業(yè)英語Module Five 第五單元

Unit5InsuranceDocuments<0}Ⅰ.ProceduresofMarineInsuranceIntermsofthemarineinsuranceinimports&exportsbusiness,asanotificationandstatement,alltheinsurersshallfillinspecificimports&exportsfreightinsuranceapplication;andtheassurershalldecidewhethertoaccepttheapplicationornotaccordingtothecontentoftheapplication.Iftheassureracceptstheapplication,namelytheinsuranceliabilityandpremiumrate,anInsurancePolicyshallbeissuedbytheassurer.ThepremiumshallbecalculatedincomplywiththePolicy.ProceduresofMarineInsurance：step1.ChooseinsurancecompanyStep2.ChooserisksStep3.DetermineinsuredamountStep4.Fillininsuranceapplication<0}Step5.PaypremiumStep6.MakeoutInsurancePolicy一、海上保險操作過程在進(jìn)出口業(yè)務(wù)中，投保海運(yùn)保險時，投保人均需填寫進(jìn)出口貨運(yùn)投保單，作為其對保險標(biāo)的及其他相關(guān)事實(shí)的告知和陳述，保險人則根據(jù)投保單所填寫的內(nèi)容決定是否接受保險。保險人如果接受保險，即以投保單為依據(jù)，出立保險單，確定其所承擔(dān)的保險責(zé)任，并由此確定保險費(fèi)率，計算投保人應(yīng)交納的保險費(fèi)。海上保險操作過程：第一步選擇保險公司第二步選擇投保險別第三步確定保險金額第四步填寫投保單第五步支付保險費(fèi)第六步繕制保險單Ⅱ.InsuranceApplicationIntermsoftheinsuranceagainstexportrisks,inordertosimplifytheprocedure,theinsurercanreplacetheinsuranceapplicationwiththeduplicateinvoice,onwhichtheitemsasfollowsshallbelisted：risks,insuredamount,meansoftransport,sailingdate,siteofindemnityclaim,numberofinsuranceslipcopy,otherrequirement,etc.二、投保單在出口投保時，有時為簡化手續(xù)，投保人不單獨(dú)填寫投保單，而以現(xiàn)成的公司發(fā)票副本代替投保單，并將下列內(nèi)容在發(fā)票上逐一列明：承保險別、投保金額、運(yùn)輸工具、開航日期、賠款地點(diǎn)、保單份數(shù)、投保日期、其他要求等。Ⅲ.InsurancePolicyIftheinsuranceapplicationisconsideredacceptable,insurancecompanyshallmakeoutanInsurancePolicy,asthewrittendocumentforestablishmentofinsurancecontract.TheapplicantshallcheckthePolicyreferringtotheL/C,tradecontractandinvoice,etc.,soastoensuretheconformity.TheInsurancePolicyshallbeinseveralcopies,oneheldbyinsurancecompany,othersbyapplicants,asthenegotiationdocumentandthebasisforclaims.CommonPoliciesareasfollow：1.InsurancePolicyInsurancePolicy,withtheinsuranceclausesprintedonthebackface,istheofficialinsurancecontract,andanindependentinsurancedocument.Intheeventofdamage,theassurerandtheinsurershallconductindemnityclaimsincomplywiththeclausesandrisks.IfInsurancePolicyorinsurancedocumentisrequiredforL/C,banksshallacceptPoliciesaswell.Currently,alldomesticinsurancecompaniesissueInsurancePolicyastheinsurancedocumentforimports&exportstrade.2.InsuranceCertificateInsuranceCertificateisasimpleinsurancedocument,whileenjoyingthesameeffectasInsurancePolicy.Noinsuranceclausesshallbeprintedontheback,exceptfortheresponsibilityboundary.Otherissues,suchastherightsandinterestsofParties,theinsuranceresponsibilityextent,shallconformtotheinsuranceclausesofinsurancecompanies.Hence,ifanINSURANCEPOLICYisrequiredclearlybyL/C,bankscouldnotacceptInsuranceCertificate.Inaddition,otherdocumentsareasfollows：CombinedInsuranceCertificate,OpenPolicy,andEndorsement.三、保險單保險公司接受投保人的投保申請后，認(rèn)為可以接受的，便根據(jù)投保單的內(nèi)容繕制保險單，作為保險合同成立的書面憑證。投保人則需參照信用證、貿(mào)易合同及發(fā)票等單據(jù)對保險單進(jìn)行審核，以保證單證一致、單單一致，并和合同的規(guī)定相符。保險單一式若干份，保險公司留存一份，其余交給投保人，作為其議付的單據(jù)之一，同時保險單也是被保險人向保險人索賠的依據(jù)。常見的保險單據(jù)有以下幾種：1.保險單（InsurancePolicy）保險單俗稱“大保單”，是一種正式的保險合同。該保險單背面印有保險條款，它是一種獨(dú)立的保險憑證，一旦貨物受到損失，承保人和被保險人都要按照保險條款和投保險別來分清貨損，處理索賠。當(dāng)L/C要求提交保險單或保險憑證時，銀行可接受保險單。目前，國內(nèi)保險公司均出具保險單作為出口貿(mào)易的保險憑證。2.保險憑證（InsuranceCertificate）

保險憑證俗稱“小保單”，是一種簡單的保險憑證，具有與大保單同等的效力。但它在背面不印刷保險條款，只印刷承保責(zé)任界限，其余事項如保險當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利、義務(wù)及相關(guān)保險責(zé)任范圍的約定以保險公司的保險條款為準(zhǔn)，缺乏完整的獨(dú)立性。因此當(dāng)L/C明確要求INSURANCEPOLICY時，銀行不能接受保險憑證。此外，還有聯(lián)合保險憑證（CombinedInsuranceCertificate）、預(yù)約保險單（OpenPolicy）、保險批單（Endorsement）。Ⅳ.InsurancePolicyEndorsement1.BlankEndorsedNameoftheinsured（includingnameoftheexportcompanyanditsinsuranceagent）benotedonly.2.NamedEndorsementIfL/Crequires“DELIVERYTOTHEORDEROF…BANK”or“ENDORSEDINNAMEOF…”whichrepresentsSpecialEndorsement.NamedEndorsementisseldomusedinexporttrade.3.OrderSpecialEndorsementIfL/Crequires“INSURANCEPOLICYORCERTIFICATEINNEGOTIABLEFORMISSUEDTOTHEORDEROF…”,whichmeansanOrderSpecialEndorsementisrequired.“TOTHEORDEROF…”,aswellasnameoftheinsured,shallbeprintedonthebackofInsurancePolicy.China’smarineinsurancecontainstwokindsofRisks：BasicInsurance（MarineRisk）,whichcanbecoveredindependently;AdditionalRiskwhichcannot.MarineRiskincluding：FPA（FreefromparticularAverage）,WAorWPA（WithAverageorWithparticularAverage）,andAllRisks.InadditiontotheMarineRisks,accordingtothenatureofgoodsandactualdemand,theimportercanaddsomeadditionalRisks,includingCommonAdditionalRisks,SpecialAdditionalRisksandExceptionalAdditionalRisks.Premiumistheproductofinsuredamountandpremiumrate.Premiumrateisthebasisofpremium,whichvariesindifferentRisks.INSUREDAMOUNTrepresentstheactualinsuranceamountandthehighestlimitofindemnity,whichisalsothebasisofPremium.Usually,insuranceamountshallbethesumof10%ofpriceplusCIF（CIP）,i.e.addtheexpectedprofitstotheCIFandcalculatethesum.<0}四、保險單的背書1.空白背書（BlankEndorsed）空白背書只注明被保險人（包括出口公司的名稱和經(jīng)辦人的名字）的名稱。

2.記名背書當(dāng)來證要求“DELIVERYTOTHEORDEROF…BANK”或“ENDORSEDINNAMEOF…”,即規(guī)定使用記名方式背書。記名背