報(bào)關(guān)與國(guó)際貨運(yùn)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)Module Five 第五單元

Unit5InsuranceDocuments<0}Ⅰ.ProceduresofMarineInsuranceIntermsofthemarineinsuranceinimports&exportsbusiness,asanotificationandstatement,alltheinsurersshallfillinspecificimports&exportsfreightinsuranceapplication;andtheassurershalldecidewhethertoaccepttheapplicationornotaccordingtothecontentoftheapplication.Iftheassureracceptstheapplication,namelytheinsuranceliabilityandpremiumrate,anInsurancePolicyshallbeissuedbytheassurer.ThepremiumshallbecalculatedincomplywiththePolicy.ProceduresofMarineInsurance：step1.ChooseinsurancecompanyStep2.ChooserisksStep3.DetermineinsuredamountStep4.Fillininsuranceapplication<0}Step5.PaypremiumStep6.MakeoutInsurancePolicy一、海上保險(xiǎn)操作過(guò)程在進(jìn)出口業(yè)務(wù)中，投保海運(yùn)保險(xiǎn)時(shí)，投保人均需填寫(xiě)進(jìn)出口貨運(yùn)投保單，作為其對(duì)保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的及其他相關(guān)事實(shí)的告知和陳述，保險(xiǎn)人則根據(jù)投保單所填寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容決定是否接受保險(xiǎn)。保險(xiǎn)人如果接受保險(xiǎn)，即以投保單為依據(jù)，出立保險(xiǎn)單，確定其所承擔(dān)的保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任，并由此確定保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率，計(jì)算投保人應(yīng)交納的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)。海上保險(xiǎn)操作過(guò)程：第一步選擇保險(xiǎn)公司第二步選擇投保險(xiǎn)別第三步確定保險(xiǎn)金額第四步填寫(xiě)投保單第五步支付保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)第六步繕制保險(xiǎn)單Ⅱ.InsuranceApplicationIntermsoftheinsuranceagainstexportrisks,inordertosimplifytheprocedure,theinsurercanreplacetheinsuranceapplicationwiththeduplicateinvoice,onwhichtheitemsasfollowsshallbelisted：risks,insuredamount,meansoftransport,sailingdate,siteofindemnityclaim,numberofinsuranceslipcopy,otherrequirement,etc.二、投保單在出口投保時(shí)，有時(shí)為簡(jiǎn)化手續(xù)，投保人不單獨(dú)填寫(xiě)投保單，而以現(xiàn)成的公司發(fā)票副本代替投保單，并將下列內(nèi)容在發(fā)票上逐一列明：承保險(xiǎn)別、投保金額、運(yùn)輸工具、開(kāi)航日期、賠款地點(diǎn)、保單份數(shù)、投保日期、其他要求等。Ⅲ.InsurancePolicyIftheinsuranceapplicationisconsideredacceptable,insurancecompanyshallmakeoutanInsurancePolicy,asthewrittendocumentforestablishmentofinsurancecontract.TheapplicantshallcheckthePolicyreferringtotheL/C,tradecontractandinvoice,etc.,soastoensuretheconformity.TheInsurancePolicyshallbeinseveralcopies,oneheldbyinsurancecompany,othersbyapplicants,asthenegotiationdocumentandthebasisforclaims.CommonPoliciesareasfollow：1.InsurancePolicyInsurancePolicy,withtheinsuranceclausesprintedonthebackface,istheofficialinsurancecontract,andanindependentinsurancedocument.Intheeventofdamage,theassurerandtheinsurershallconductindemnityclaimsincomplywiththeclausesandrisks.IfInsurancePolicyorinsurancedocumentisrequiredforL/C,banksshallacceptPoliciesaswell.Currently,alldomesticinsurancecompaniesissueInsurancePolicyastheinsurancedocumentforimports&exportstrade.2.InsuranceCertificateInsuranceCertificateisasimpleinsurancedocument,whileenjoyingthesameeffectasInsurancePolicy.Noinsuranceclausesshallbeprintedontheback,exceptfortheresponsibilityboundary.Otherissues,suchastherightsandinterestsofParties,theinsuranceresponsibilityextent,shallconformtotheinsuranceclausesofinsurancecompanies.Hence,ifanINSURANCEPOLICYisrequiredclearlybyL/C,bankscouldnotacceptInsuranceCertificate.Inaddition,otherdocumentsareasfollows：CombinedInsuranceCertificate,OpenPolicy,andEndorsement.三、保險(xiǎn)單保險(xiǎn)公司接受投保人的投保申請(qǐng)后，認(rèn)為可以接受的，便根據(jù)投保單的內(nèi)容繕制保險(xiǎn)單，作為保險(xiǎn)合同成立的書(shū)面憑證。投保人則需參照信用證、貿(mào)易合同及發(fā)票等單據(jù)對(duì)保險(xiǎn)單進(jìn)行審核，以保證單證一致、單單一致，并和合同的規(guī)定相符。保險(xiǎn)單一式若干份，保險(xiǎn)公司留存一份，其余交給投保人，作為其議付的單據(jù)之一，同時(shí)保險(xiǎn)單也是被保險(xiǎn)人向保險(xiǎn)人索賠的依據(jù)。常見(jiàn)的保險(xiǎn)單據(jù)有以下幾種：1.保險(xiǎn)單（InsurancePolicy）保險(xiǎn)單俗稱(chēng)“大保單”，是一種正式的保險(xiǎn)合同。該保險(xiǎn)單背面印有保險(xiǎn)條款，它是一種獨(dú)立的保險(xiǎn)憑證，一旦貨物受到損失，承保人和被保險(xiǎn)人都要按照保險(xiǎn)條款和投保險(xiǎn)別來(lái)分清貨損，處理索賠。當(dāng)L/C要求提交保險(xiǎn)單或保險(xiǎn)憑證時(shí)，銀行可接受保險(xiǎn)單。目前，國(guó)內(nèi)保險(xiǎn)公司均出具保險(xiǎn)單作為出口貿(mào)易的保險(xiǎn)憑證。2.保險(xiǎn)憑證（InsuranceCertificate）

保險(xiǎn)憑證俗稱(chēng)“小保單”，是一種簡(jiǎn)單的保險(xiǎn)憑證，具有與大保單同等的效力。但它在背面不印刷保險(xiǎn)條款，只印刷承保責(zé)任界限，其余事項(xiàng)如保險(xiǎn)當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利、義務(wù)及相關(guān)保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任范圍的約定以保險(xiǎn)公司的保險(xiǎn)條款為準(zhǔn)，缺乏完整的獨(dú)立性。因此當(dāng)L/C明確要求INSURANCEPOLICY時(shí)，銀行不能接受保險(xiǎn)憑證。此外，還有聯(lián)合保險(xiǎn)憑證（CombinedInsuranceCertificate）、預(yù)約保險(xiǎn)單（OpenPolicy）、保險(xiǎn)批單（Endorsement）。Ⅳ.InsurancePolicyEndorsement1.BlankEndorsedNameoftheinsured（includingnameoftheexportcompanyanditsinsuranceagent）benotedonly.2.NamedEndorsementIfL/Crequires“DELIVERYTOTHEORDEROF…BANK”or“ENDORSEDINNAMEOF…”whichrepresentsSpecialEndorsement.NamedEndorsementisseldomusedinexporttrade.3.OrderSpecialEndorsementIfL/Crequires“INSURANCEPOLICYORCERTIFICATEINNEGOTIABLEFORMISSUEDTOTHEORDEROF…”,whichmeansanOrderSpecialEndorsementisrequired.“TOTHEORDEROF…”,aswellasnameoftheinsured,shallbeprintedonthebackofInsurancePolicy.China’smarineinsurancecontainstwokindsofRisks：BasicInsurance（MarineRisk）,whichcanbecoveredindependently;AdditionalRiskwhichcannot.MarineRiskincluding：FPA（FreefromparticularAverage）,WAorWPA（WithAverageorWithparticularAverage）,andAllRisks.InadditiontotheMarineRisks,accordingtothenatureofgoodsandactualdemand,theimportercanaddsomeadditionalRisks,includingCommonAdditionalRisks,SpecialAdditionalRisksandExceptionalAdditionalRisks.Premiumistheproductofinsuredamountandpremiumrate.Premiumrateisthebasisofpremium,whichvariesindifferentRisks.INSUREDAMOUNTrepresentstheactualinsuranceamountandthehighestlimitofindemnity,whichisalsothebasisofPremium.Usually,insuranceamountshallbethesumof10%ofpriceplusCIF（CIP）,i.e.addtheexpectedprofitstotheCIFandcalculatethesum.<0}四、保險(xiǎn)單的背書(shū)1.空白背書(shū)（BlankEndorsed）空白背書(shū)只注明被保險(xiǎn)人（包括出口公司的名稱(chēng)和經(jīng)辦人的名字）的名稱(chēng)。

2.記名背書(shū)當(dāng)來(lái)證要求“DELIVERYTOTHEORDEROF…BANK”或“ENDORSEDINNAMEOF…”,即規(guī)定使用記名方式背書(shū)。記名背