專題19.歷史與社會(huì)(詞匯+句式+范文)中考英語(yǔ)作文復(fù)習(xí)素材（含答案解析）

話題十九歷史與社會(huì)一．話題詞匯【歷史與社會(huì)】1.社會(huì)的social 2.社會(huì)society3.古代的ancient 4.文化culture5.傳統(tǒng)的traditional 6.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)war7.歷史history 8.時(shí)期；時(shí)代period9.軍隊(duì)army 10.政府government11.和平peace 12.勝利victory13.發(fā)展develop/development 14.形勢(shì)situation15.影響influence 16.傳播；蔓延spread17.貿(mào)易trade 18.記錄record【人物】1.英雄hero 2.國(guó)王king3.王后queen 4.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者leader5.總統(tǒng)president 6.公主princess7.王子prince 8.著名的famous/well-known二．話題句式1.Asweallknow,theSilkRoadconnectedChinatotheWestinancienttimes.眾所周知，古代的絲綢之路將中國(guó)與西方連接起來(lái)。2.It'simportantfortheChinesevisitorstoknowthecultureinwesterncountries.對(duì)中國(guó)游客來(lái)說(shuō)，了解西方國(guó)家的文化是很重要的。3.ZhengChenggongwasoneofthemostfamousheroesinancientChina.鄭成功是中國(guó)古代中國(guó)最著名的英雄之一。4.Inordertomakeourworldabetterplace,weshouldalwaysreachouttothoseinneed.為了使我們的世界變得更美好，我們應(yīng)該向那些需要幫助的人伸出援手。5.Differentcountrieshavedifferentcustoms.不同的國(guó)家有不同的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。6.Chinaisacountrywithalonghistoryofmorethan5,000years.中國(guó)是一個(gè)有著五千多年悠久歷史的國(guó)家。7.You'resupposedtoshakehands.你應(yīng)該握手。8.PeoplenotonlyinChinabutalsofrommanyothercountriesarestillinfluencedbyConfucius'thoughts.不僅中國(guó)人而且來(lái)自許多其他國(guó)家的人仍受孔子思想的影響。9.It'simportantfortheChinesevisitorstoknowthecultureinwesterncountries.對(duì)中國(guó)游客來(lái)說(shuō)了解西方國(guó)家的文化是很重要的。一今年元宵節(jié)，你和來(lái)自美國(guó)的朋友Paul一起放了孔明燈。他對(duì)這一中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化非常感興趣。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下列圖表信息，以“Thehistoryoftheskylantern”為題寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文，向他介紹孔明燈。提示：1.短文應(yīng)包括圖表中的全部信息，條理清楚，行文連貫，段落分明；2．短文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名和地名；3．詞數(shù)不少于80，開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。ThehistoryoftheskylanternHi,Paul.Yousaidthatyouwereinterestedintheskylantern.Now,letmetellyousomethingaboutit.【審題指導(dǎo)】細(xì)讀所給的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：1．寫作時(shí)以第三人稱為主；2．介紹過(guò)去的情況時(shí)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，可適當(dāng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；介紹目前的情況時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；3．圖表中的全部信息要一一列舉，不要遺漏；4．詞數(shù)不少于80，開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名和地名?！緦懽髂０濉俊靖叻址段摹縏hehistoryoftheskylanternHi,Paul.Yousaidthatyouwereinterestedintheskylantern.Now,letmetellyousomethingaboutit.ItissaidthattheskylanternwasinventedbyZhugeKongming2，000yearsago.Itismainlymadeofpaperandbamboo.Whenthelanternisready,youcansenditouttotheskyslowly.Todoso,youjustneedtoopenthelantern,putinacandleandthenlightthecandle.Inthepast,peoplesendoutskylanternstoaskforhelpwhentheywereintrouble.Astimechanges,themeaningofdoingthischanges,too.Nowadays,peoplesendoutskylanternsonfestivalsorspecialoccasions.Theyareconsideredassymbolsofgoodluckandhappiness.二近年來(lái)，志愿者工作引起了社會(huì)的廣泛重視，越來(lái)越多的學(xué)生都積極參與到了志愿者工作中。請(qǐng)就這個(gè)話題，根據(jù)下面的圖表信息，寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文。內(nèi)容包括：志愿者工作對(duì)于社會(huì)和志愿者本身的意義(1～2點(diǎn));作為中學(xué)生我們可以做哪些志愿者工作(1～2點(diǎn))；呼吁你身邊的人一起參與志愿者工作。提示：1.短文應(yīng)包括圖表中的全部信息，條理清楚，行文連貫；2.短文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名和地名；3.詞數(shù)不少于80，開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。In_modern_society,itisincreasinglypopularthatyoungpeoplevolunteeronweekendsinthelocalcommunityservicecentertohelpthepeopleinneed.Ithinkhelpingothersisalwaysgood.Especiallyifmoreandmorepeopletakepartinvolunteering,thesocietywillbefulloflove.Volunteeringgivesusanopportunitytochangesomeone'slife,includingourown.Itgivesusthesatisfactionofhelpingothers.Volunteeringisalsoagreatwaytodevelopsocialskillsandgainvaluableexperienceforthedaysahead.Asastudent,thereisalotofvoluntaryworkwecando,suchashelpingtocheeruppatientsinthehospital,andpickinguprubbishinthepark.Ihopeeveryoneofuscancometogetherandjoininvoluntarywork.（2023·青?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）積極健康、樂(lè)觀向上的生活是我們共同追求的目標(biāo)。通過(guò)正確合理的自我管理和自我提升，我們都能遇見更好的自己。請(qǐng)參考右圖信息，以“Howtobecomeabetterperson”為主題，寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文。寫作要求：(1)語(yǔ)句通順，邏輯清晰，書寫規(guī)范；(2)詞數(shù)60—80左右；(3)文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和校名等信息。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文Everyonewantstobecomeabetterperson,sodoI.Ithinkthefollowingsuggestionscanhelpme.Firstly,makingmorefriendswillhelpme.Itwillnotonlyoffermeopportunitiestolearnfromthem,butitwillalsogivememorechancestohelpothers.Secondly,itisimportantformetoreadmorebooks.Becausereadingcanhelpmeopenmyeyestotheworldandenrichmyknowledge.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.Iwilltrymybesttobecomeabetterperson【詳解】[總體分析]①題材：本文是一篇材料作文；②時(shí)態(tài)：時(shí)態(tài)為“一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)”；③提示：寫作要點(diǎn)已給出，要求以“Howtobecomeabetterperson”為主題，結(jié)合圖示內(nèi)容進(jìn)行寫作，適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié)，并突出寫作重點(diǎn)。[寫作步驟]第一步，表明寫作意圖，引出下文的建議；第二步，具體介紹如何成為一個(gè)更好的人；第三步，書寫結(jié)語(yǔ)，表達(dá)決心。[亮點(diǎn)詞匯]①learnfrom向……學(xué)習(xí)②openmyeyestotheworld打開我的眼睛看世界③enrichmyknowledge豐富我的知識(shí)[高分句型]①Itwillnotonlyoffermeopportunitiestolearnfromthem,butitwillalsogivememorechancestohelpothers.（notonly...butalso...）②Actionspeakslouderthanwords.（習(xí)語(yǔ)）（2021·浙江寧波市·中考真題）假如你是李華,上個(gè)月你校舉行了“祖國(guó)在我心中”的主題活動(dòng)（themeevent）,請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提供的信息并結(jié)合你參加這個(gè)主題活動(dòng)的經(jīng)歷,寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文向你校英語(yǔ)報(bào)投稿。注意：（1）短文必須包括導(dǎo)圖的所有要點(diǎn),并適當(dāng)發(fā)揮;（2）文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名和校名;（3）詞數(shù)80-100;標(biāo)題已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。MotherlandinMyHeart____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】MotherlandinMyHeartLastmonth,ourschoolheldaneventwiththethemeof“MotherlandinMyHeart”toexpressourloveforourmotherland.Duringtheevent,wehadmanyactivities,includingsingingredsongsandtellingstoriesabouttheRedArmy.Itookpartinthesingingcompetition.Besides,IattendedthespeechcontestinwhichItoldastoryaboutahero.Manystudentsweremovedbymystory.Ithinkthiseventisverymeaningful.I’mproudofmycountry.Ihopeourmotherlandwillbecomemuchgreaterandeverybodycanliveabetterlife.【詳解】1.題干解讀：該題目要求根據(jù)所給提示，以“MotherlandinMyHeart”為題，結(jié)合自己參加“祖國(guó)在我心中”主題活動(dòng)的經(jīng)歷寫篇文章，向?qū)W校英語(yǔ)報(bào)投稿。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：人稱應(yīng)采用第一人稱，介紹主題活動(dòng)內(nèi)容時(shí)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表達(dá)自己的感受時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。注意要包含所給要點(diǎn)，保證條理清晰。（2021·云南昆明市·中考真題）Lifeisfulloflove愛(ài)是荒漠甘泉，滋養(yǎng)你的心靈；愛(ài)是長(zhǎng)夜明燈，指引你前進(jìn)的方向。生活中愛(ài)無(wú)處不在，它或來(lái)自你的父母、家人；或來(lái)自你的老師、朋友、同學(xué)甚至陌生人。請(qǐng)你用英文以“Lifeisfulloflove”為題寫一篇短文，敘述一個(gè)你經(jīng)歷過(guò)充滿愛(ài)的故事。要求：1.語(yǔ)言流暢、書寫規(guī)范、卷面整潔，詞數(shù)不少于60個(gè)；2.文中不得使用你的真實(shí)姓名、校名，否則以零分計(jì)；3.書面表達(dá)必須寫在答題卡上，如在本卷上作答，一律不得分。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】LifeisfullofloveIsthereathingfullofloveburieddeeplyinyourheart?Iwanttoshareonewithallofyouandpushmyself.Oneafternoon,Idraggedmyselfontothebustogohome.Itwastherushhourandthebuswasextremelycrowded.IwasevensecretlyhappythatIhadaseat.Justatthatmoment,awomangotonthebuswithababyinherarms.Shewasstandingrightnexttome.JustasIwashesitating,oureyesmet.Ihadmixedfeelings,embarrassed,worried,nervous…BeforeIcouldgetup,shesaidtomewithawarmvoice“Boy,youmustbeverytiredafterthewholeday’swork.Butfightingforyourdreamisahappything.Iwillgetoffatthenextstop.Sithereandhaveagoodrest.”Howkindandunderstandingshewas!Whatshesaidmademenotonlyashamedbutmoved.Itwasherlovethatispushingmetobeabetterperson!【詳解】1.題干解讀：本文是一篇材料作文。要求以Lifeisfulloflove為題，結(jié)合提示內(nèi)容進(jìn)行寫作，注意要點(diǎn)齊全，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：寫作時(shí)要以第一和第三人稱來(lái)介紹，時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。作文可分為三段，第一段引出話題；第二段敘述自己經(jīng)歷過(guò)的充滿愛(ài)的故事；第三段收尾。要保證語(yǔ)言連貫，無(wú)語(yǔ)法和拼寫錯(cuò)誤。（2021·四川廣安市·中考真題）習(xí)近平主席在全國(guó)教育大會(huì)上強(qiáng)調(diào),中學(xué)生要做德智體美勞全面發(fā)展的社會(huì)主義建設(shè)者和接班人。某中學(xué)正在開展“做一名新時(shí)代的合格中學(xué)生”活動(dòng)。假如你是學(xué)生會(huì)的李揚(yáng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，向全校同學(xué)寫一篇倡議書。要點(diǎn)提示∶1.愛(ài)國(guó)，愛(ài)家，誠(chéng)信，友好；2.努力學(xué)習(xí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想；3.參加體育鍛煉，保持身心健康；4.熱愛(ài)大自然，護(hù)環(huán)境，與動(dòng)物和諧相處；5.積極參加各種活動(dòng)，如打掃教室，幫助父母做家務(wù)等。要求∶1.字跡工整，書寫規(guī)范，含全部要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的學(xué)校、班級(jí)名稱；3.80詞左右，開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；4.請(qǐng)將書面表達(dá)內(nèi)容寫在答題卡上的相應(yīng)位置。參考詞匯∶keepone’spromise（守信）,nature（自然）,environment（環(huán)境）,getonwellwith（和諧相處）,takeanactivepartin（積極參加）Dearschoolmates,IamLiYangfromtheStudents’Union.We’rehavinganactivityofbeingagoodstudent.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dearschoolmates.IamLiYangfromtheStudents’Union.We’rehavinganactivityofbeingagoodstudent.Firstofall,wemustloveourcountryandhome.Weshouldbehonestandkeepourpromise.Andweshouldalsobefriendlytothepeoplearoundus.Secondly,it’sourdutytostudyhard,andweshouldtryourbesttoachieveourdreams.Next,takingexercisecanmakeuskeephealthy.Afterthat,wearesupposedtoshowlovetonatureandprotecttheenvironment.Animalsareourfriends,soweshouldgetonwellwiththem.What’smore,weshouldgetintothehabitoftakinganactivepartinallkindsofactivities,suchastidyinguptheclassroomandhelpingourparentswithhousework.Comeon!Ibelievewecanmakeit.【詳解】1.題干解讀：本文是一篇材料作文。根據(jù)所給要點(diǎn)提示圍繞“如何做一名新時(shí)代的合格中學(xué)生”寫一篇倡議書。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：本文主要采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，第一人稱。第一段根據(jù)所給的提示要點(diǎn)，告訴學(xué)生們?nèi)绾巫鲆幻细竦闹袑W(xué)生，給出建議，；第二段呼吁同學(xué)們趕快行動(dòng)起來(lái)。寫作時(shí)保持主謂一致性，邏輯性要強(qiáng)，無(wú)語(yǔ)法和標(biāo)點(diǎn)錯(cuò)誤。（2021·山東德州市·中考真題）世界衛(wèi)生組織和聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)將生活技能（lifeskills）作為全球青少年兒童發(fā)展的重要主題之一。請(qǐng)根據(jù)圖中提示寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文，描述作為青少年,你們應(yīng)提高哪些及如何提高自己的生活技能。除了提示中的內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)你至少再補(bǔ)充一條。要求：1.語(yǔ)言通順，要點(diǎn)齊全，意思連貫，條理清楚，書寫規(guī)范；2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的姓名和學(xué)校名稱；3.80~100詞，文章開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Lifeskillsarenecessaryforus.Whatlifeskillsshouldweteenagersdevelop?Andhow?Hereismyopinion.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Allinall,ifwetryourbesttoimprovetheselifeskills,wewillleadahappier,andhealthierlife.【答案】Lifeskillsarenecessaryforus.Whatlifeskillsshouldweteenagersdevelop?Andhow?Hereismyopinion.First,weshouldtryourbesttokeephealthy.It’sagoodideatokeepabalanceddietandtakedailyexercise.Andbehappyeveryday.Second,workingwithothersisimportant.Sometimes,weneedtoworkasateam.Whenwecommunicatewithothers,trytounderstandthem.Third,solveproblemsindifferentways.Weareabletofindouttheproblem,findsolutionsaloneorwithothersandthensolveit.Besides,learntomanagetime.Wecanmakealistofthingstodoeverymorning.Getupearlyandneverbelateforschool.Finally,learnsomebasicskills,suchascooking.WecanaskfamilyforhelporsearchtheInternet.Thenpracticemakingsomedishes.Allinall,ifwetryourbesttoimprovetheselifeskills,wewillleadahappier,andhealthierlife.【詳解】1.題干解讀：本文是一篇看圖作文。圍繞青少年應(yīng)提高哪些生活技能來(lái)寫一篇短文。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：本文主要采用第一人稱，時(shí)態(tài)采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。第一段引出主題；第二段至第六段描述青少年應(yīng)提高哪些生活技能，以及如何提高這些生活技能；最后一段總結(jié)概括。寫作時(shí)保持主謂一致性，邏輯性要強(qiáng)，無(wú)語(yǔ)法和標(biāo)點(diǎn)錯(cuò)誤。（2021·浙江溫州市·中考真題）在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中，“家”是一個(gè)永恒的話題。家人相聚一堂，才是完整的家，溫暖而有力量。請(qǐng)你結(jié)合下圖，以“Home”為題，寫一篇約110詞的英語(yǔ)短文。讓外國(guó)朋友了解