2018屆二輪復(fù)習(xí)短文語法填空兩類設(shè)題方式解讀課件（253張）

2018屆二輪復(fù)習(xí)

短文語法填空兩類出題方式解讀1.無提示詞探究一、冠詞冠詞(article,art.)1.Inthebeginning,therewasonly_________verysmallamountofunfairnessintheworld.2.Theparentswereshockedby_________newsthattheirsonneeded_________operationonhisknee.參考答案：1.a。averysmallamountof一個(gè)非常小的數(shù)量。2.第一空填the，表示特指；第二空填an，表示泛指。3.MarcoPoloissaidtohavesailedon_________PacificOceanonhiswaytoJavain_________thirteenthcentury.4.Fourand_________halfhoursofdiscussiontookusuptomidnight,and_________breakforcheese,chocolateandteawithsugar.參考答案：3.兩個(gè)空都填the，onthePacificOcean為固定搭配，在太平洋；inthethirteenthcentury在13世紀(jì)，序數(shù)詞前表特指用定冠詞the。4.兩個(gè)空都填a，第一空表示量指，“四個(gè)半”，英語用fourandahalf；第二空表示休息時(shí)刻。5.Butshequicklyrealizedthatitwasn’ther,itwasprobablythefactthatshesatin_________lastrow.6.lookedat_________finishedpaintingwith_________satisfaction.參考答案：5.定冠詞the，用在最高級(jí)前。6.the...painting,定指所談?wù)摰漠?；withsatisfaction,零冠詞，固定搭配。7.Hemissed_________goldinthehighjump,butwillget_________secondchanceinthelongjump.8.Isatnexttothemanandintroducedmyself.Wehad_________amazingconversation.參考答案：7.thegold,獨(dú)指,跳高項(xiàng)目唯一的金牌;asecond=another,量指,還有一次機(jī)會(huì)。8.不定冠詞an表類指。9.Ashereached_________frontdoor,Jacksaw_________strangesight.10.Itisgenerallyacceptedthat_________boymustlearntostandupandfightlike_________man.參考答案：

9.the表示定指,a表量指。10.兩空都填a表示類指。11.—It’ssaidJohnwillbeinajobpayingover$60,000_________year.—Right,hewillalsogetpaidby_________week.12.Takeyourtime—it’sjust_________shortdistancefromhereto_________restaurant.參考答案：11.a表量指;bytheweek“按周計(jì)算”，固定用法。12.a表量指;the表定指。13.Asisknowntoall,_________People’sRepublicofChinais_________biggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.14.Dr.PeterSpence,______headmasteroftheschool,toldus,“_____fifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge.”參考答案：13.the用于專用名詞前；the用于最高級(jí)前。14.the表定指;The用于序數(shù)詞前。

討論冠詞的用法就是研究冠詞與名詞的搭配關(guān)系，這與名詞的可數(shù)不可數(shù)，單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)、語意上的泛(類)指、量指、定(特)指、獨(dú)指四個(gè)屬性以及名詞的讀音有密切的聯(lián)系。1定冠詞的基本用法1.表示“定指或特指”：1)表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或物。例如：(1)Doyouknowthegirlinaredskirt?你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)穿紅裙子的女孩嗎？(特指人)(2)BeijingisthecapitalofChina.北京是中國的首都。(特指物)2)再次提到上文提到過的人或物。例如：Tomhasanapple.Theappleisbigandred.湯姆有個(gè)蘋果，這個(gè)蘋果又大又紅。3)指談話雙方都知道的人或物。例如：(1)Let’sgoandgiveittotheteacher.咱們?nèi)グ阉唤o老師吧。(雙方都知道是哪位老師)(2)Openthedoor，please!請打開門。(雙方都知道是哪個(gè)門)4)用于某些固定詞組中。例如：inthemorning/afternoon/evening等。5)用在形容詞前表示一類人。6)用在表示“姓”的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示一家人或夫婦二人。例如：TheWhitesarespendingtheirholidayinEngland.7)用在形容詞最高級(jí)和序數(shù)詞前。thebiggestcountry,thefourthrunner2.表示“獨(dú)指”：用于在一定范圍內(nèi)表示唯一的人或物的名詞前。例如：thesun，themoon，theworld，theplanet，theearth，theMilkyWay，thesky，theuniverse，theglobe，theEquatorThemoonisthenearesttotheearth.比較：若這類詞前面有描繪性的定語，可用不定冠詞表示量指。例如：anewmoon一彎新月aredsun一輪紅日用適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~填空。1.Itwasacoldwinternightand_________moonwasshiningbrightlyacross_________nightsky.2.Samhasbeenappointedmanageroftheengineeringdepartmenttotake_________placeofGeorge.參考答案：1.the;the2.the3.Wearesaidtobelivingin_________InformationAge,_________timeofnewdiscoveriesandgreatchanges.4.TheSmithsdon’tusuallystayathotels,butlastsummertheyspentafewdaysataverynicehotelby_________sea.參考答案：3.the;a4.the5.Iwokeupwith_________badheadache,yetby_________eveningthepainhadgone.6.Thereareover58,000rockyobjectsinspace,about900ofwhichcouldfalldownonto_________earth.參考答案：5.a;the6.the7.Ifwesitnear_________frontofthebus,we’llhave_________betterview.8.Manylifestylepatternsdosuchgreatharmtohealththattheyactuallyspeedup_________weakeningofthehumanbody.參考答案：7.the;a8.the2不定冠詞的基本用法1.表示“類指或泛指”：指某人或某物屬于某一種類，或者指某一種類的人或物中的任何一個(gè)或一件，但不具體說明是何人或何物。例如：(1)Thatisapen,notapencil.那是鋼筆，而不是鉛筆。(指屬于某一種類)(2)Givehimapear,please!請給他一個(gè)梨。(指某一種類中的任何一個(gè))(3)Listen!Aboyissingingintheclassroom.聽！有個(gè)男孩正在教室里唱歌。(不具體說明是何人)2.表示“量指”：這種用法主要表示“一”的意思，但它并不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目概念，它所表示“數(shù)”的概念沒有“one”強(qiáng)烈，它不能和two,three等形成對比關(guān)系。例如：(1)Thereisacatunderthechair.椅子下面有只貓。(表示“一”的概念)(2)Katehasoneruler,butMeimeihastwo.凱特有一把尺子，梅梅有兩把。(形成了對比關(guān)系，one表“數(shù)”的概念較強(qiáng)，句中的“one”不能用“a”代替)用適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~填空。1.Indiaattainedindependencein1947,after_________longstruggle.2.Carlisstudyingfoodscienceatcollegeandhopestoopenup_________meatprocessingfactoryofhisownoneday.3.Beingabletoafford_________drinkwouldbe_________comfortinthosetoughtimes.4.Thedevelopmentofindustryhasbeen_________gradualprocessthroughouthumanexistence,fromstonetoolstomoderntechnology.5.Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall,youneverget_________secondchancetomake_________firstimpression.6.It’s_________goodfeelingforpeopletoadmiretheShanghaiWorldExpothatgivesthempleasure.7.Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthatpeoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor_________newJiangsu.8.Inmostcountries,auniversitydegreecangiveyou_________flyingstartinlife.參考答案：1.a2.a3.a;a4.a5.a;a6.a7.a8.a3不定冠詞a,an的用法不定冠詞a與an在意義上沒有區(qū)別，a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞或字母前；an用在以元音音素開頭的單詞或字母前，而且要與后面的單詞連讀(連讀用下劃線表示)。例如：animportantmeeting,anelephant,anoldwoman,anenvelope1.元音字母開頭的單詞與a,an。1)除a,e,i,o外,注意以u(píng)開頭的單詞。例如：2)在課標(biāo)詞匯表中，u在詞首發(fā)音的詞有：ugly,umbrella,unable,uncertain,uncle,underground,understanding,underwater,undivided,unfair,unfolded,unhealthy,unknown,unlike,unpleasant,unreserved,unrest,unsold,unsuccessful,unusual,upstairs,upward其余u在詞首發(fā)[ju:]音的詞有：uniform,union,unique,unit,unite,universal,universe,university,use,used,useful,useless,user,usual,usually2.輔音字母開頭的單詞與a,an。有的單詞開頭是輔音字母,但第一個(gè)發(fā)音是元音音素,加不定冠詞時(shí)也是an,這就是字母的名稱音和拼讀音的區(qū)別。例如:Youmissedan“s”inthewordsuccess.IntheEnglishexam,Johngota“C”andmissedan“f”intheword“suffer”.anX-rayexamination,anhour,anhono(u)r,anhonestman1）字母在字母表中的讀音叫字母名稱音；字母在單詞中的讀音叫字母拼讀音。在單詞或字母前加a(n)時(shí)，要特別注意這兩個(gè)概念。4冠詞的定指、泛指、量指和獨(dú)指冠詞與名詞的搭配與名詞可數(shù)、不可數(shù)、單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)等不同性質(zhì)有關(guān)，還與語意上的泛(類)指、量指、定(特)指、獨(dú)指四個(gè)屬性密切相連。我們將冠詞的定指、泛指、量指和獨(dú)指用法歸納如下。表示語意使用冠詞例句泛/類指:相當(dāng)于any或oneof,泛指一類人或事物零冠詞不定冠詞定冠詞1.Freshwaterisscarceinsomecountries.2.Doyoulikeart?3.Ahorseisausefulanimal.4.Thehorseisausefulanimal.5.Horsesareusefulanimals.量指:相當(dāng)于one,some,指一類人或事物中的數(shù)量不定冠詞零冠詞1.Theflowerswantapouredwater.2.Musicisanart.3.Weneedahorsetocarrythebox.4.Doctorswerebadlyneededinthefront.5.Aredsunisrisingfrombeyondthemountains.表示語意使用冠詞例句定/特指:相當(dāng)于this,that,these,those,指一類人或事物中的具體對象定冠詞1.Hejumpedintothewatertosavetheboy.2.Doyoulikethemusicofthefilm?3.Thehorseisblindinthelefteye.4.Givemealistofthedoctors.獨(dú)指:相當(dāng)于only,指一定范圍內(nèi)唯一的人或事物定冠詞零冠詞1.Themoonmovesaroundtheearth.2.Fatherlikestodothingsforpeople.3.In1860LincolnwaselectedpresidentoftheUSA.Ⅰ.單句填空1.Wecanneverexpect_________bluerskyunlesswecreate_________lesspollutedworld.2.Somepeoplefearthatairpollutionmaybringaboutchangesin_________weatheraroundtheworld.3.IleftitearlybecauseIhad_________appointmentlaterthatday.4.Ayoungman,whiletravelingthroughadesert，cameacrossaspringofclearwater._________waterwassweet.5.Besides，shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot_________pleasantexperience.參考答案：1.a;a2.the3.an4.The5.aⅡ.用適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~補(bǔ)全短文

ElizabethRosemundTaylorwasbornin1._________nineteenthirty-twotoAmericanparentslivinginLondon.HerfatherFranciswas2._________artdealer.HermotherSarahadworkedas3._________stageactressbeforehermarriage.4._________TaylorsleftEnglandinnineteenthirty-nineandmovedtosouthernCalifornia.Elizabeth’sbeautysooncaught5._________attentionofmoviestudioofficials.Shemadeherfirstmovie,“There’sOneBornEveryMinute,”at6._________ageoften.Thiswasfollowed7._________yearlaterby“LassieComeHome”.Butitwas8._________nineteenforty-fourfilm,“NationalVelvet”thatmadeher9._________star.Twelve-year-oldElizabethTaylorstarredasVelvetBrown,10._________girllivinginavillageinEngland.Shesaves11._________horseandtrainshimfor12._________importantrace,whichshewins.

During13._________nineteenfortiesElizabethTaylorplayedmanyrolesinmoviesaboutfamilies.Notall14._________childactorsinHollywoodweresuccessfullaterplayingadultroles.ButTayloreasilywentfromplayingchildrentoplaying15._________teenagersandadults.Innineteenfifty,sheplayedthebrideinthepopularfilm“FatheroftheBride”.參考答案：1./2.an3.a4.The5.the6.the7.a8.the9.a10.a11.a12.an13.the14./15./

二、介詞

介詞(preposition,prep.)也是名詞前成分，又叫前置詞，表示名詞與句中其他句子成分之間從、往、在、當(dāng)、把、對、同、為、以、比、跟、被等語意關(guān)系。介詞往往在冠詞前面。有時(shí)介詞可以當(dāng)副詞使用，區(qū)別是：介詞帶賓語，副詞不帶賓語。例如：Heisintheroom.(in是介詞，帶名詞作賓語)—Ishein?—No,heisout.(in,out是副詞，不帶賓語)1.Theonlyreasonamanwouldsellsalt_________alowerpricewouldbebecausehewasdesperateformoney.Andanyonewhotookadvantageofthatsituationwouldbeshowingalackofrespect_________thesweatandstruggleofthemanwhoworkedveryhardtoproduceit.參考答案:第一空填at。atalowerprice以一個(gè)較低的價(jià)格。第二空填for。那將表現(xiàn)出對辛苦生產(chǎn)鹽的人的汗水與付出的不尊敬。alackofrespectfor對……的不尊敬。2.Aseriousstudyofphysicsisimpossible_________someknowledgeofmathematics.3._________everyonehere,Iwishyouapleasantjourneybacktoyourcountry.參考答案:

2.without沒有3.Onbehalfof代表4.100℃isthetemperature_________whichwaterwillboil.5.Doyouthinkthisshirtistootight_________theshoulders?6._________passion,peoplewon’thavethemotivationorthejoynecessaryforcreativethinking.參考答案:4.at,介詞+關(guān)系代詞，在這個(gè)溫度5.across,肩膀處6.Without,沒有激情7.Youcanchangeyourjob,youcanmovehouse,butfriendshipismeanttobe_________life.8.Nothingissoeasyas_________parentstoraisetheirexpectationsoftheirchildrentoohigh.9.TheWellHotelstandsinaquietplace_________themainroadatthefarendofthelake.參考答案:

7.for,forlife終生8.for,forsb.對某人來說9.off10.Ididn’tlikeleavinghim_________hisown,either.11.Thenewboylookedattheteacher_________afewseconds.12.Theyoungmanwenthome_________ahappyheart.參考答案:

10.on,onone’sown獨(dú)自地11.for,一段時(shí)間12.with，懷著13.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes_________sale.14.Herparentswerealready_________tablehavingsupper.參考答案:

13.on,onsale出售14.at,attable在吃飯1方位介詞(一)方位介詞圖解in在……里,out在……外,旁邊是beside,靠近為by,on在……上,under在……下above在上方,below在底下。on,in,at表地點(diǎn),on“在之上”接觸面,at表示小地點(diǎn),in“在里面”和“中間”(二)above,over,on,below,under,beneath詳解over、under正上下，above、below不垂直，若與數(shù)量詞連用，混合使用亦無關(guān)。1.above指水平面以上，不一定是正上方，反義詞是below;2.over指垂直的正上方，反義詞是under;3.on表示與表面的接觸，反義詞是beneath。例如：1)Becareful,thereisaheavyboxoveryourhead.2)Thesunisabovethemountainintheeast.3)Therearesomestampsonthedesk.4)Thepositionhepointedtowasbelowthesealevel.5)Thelittlemouseisunderthetable,soitisnoteasytofindit.(三)across,over,through,past詳解1.across從平面上橫越；2.over從上方跨越；3.through從空間穿越；4.past從旁邊經(jīng)過。例如：1)TheGreatWallwindsitswayfromwesttoeast,acrossdeserts,overmountains,throughvalleys,tillatlastitreachesthesea.2)ThecrowdofpeoplewalkedpasttheCityHalltotheCenterSquare.2時(shí)間介詞at表示時(shí)間點(diǎn),午夜黃昏黎明也相連atdawn,atdaybreak在黎明時(shí)候,atnoon在中午,atnight在夜間,atmidnight在午夜,atsixo’clock在6點(diǎn)鐘,at7:30(seventhirty)在7點(diǎn)半,athalfpasteleven在11點(diǎn)半,atninefifteen在9點(diǎn)15分,attenthirtya.m.在上午10點(diǎn)30分,attheweekend在周末at也在時(shí)分前,“差”時(shí)用to“過”用pastat8:00inthemorning早上八點(diǎn),at4:00intheafternoon下午四點(diǎn),twotoseven七點(diǎn)差兩分,aquartertoeight七點(diǎn)四十五分,elevenpastseven七點(diǎn)十一分,halfpastnine九點(diǎn)半on用于某一天onChildren’sDay兒童節(jié),onMaythefirst五月一日in表示段時(shí)間,用在年季月周前in1986在1986年,in1927在1927年,inApril在四月,inMarch在三月,inDecember1986,1986年12月,inJuly1983,1983年7月,inspring在春季,insummer在夏季,inautumn在秋季,inthethirdweek在第三周午日晚上in常用,具體某日in變on,early,late變回來inthemorning在早上,intheafternoon在下午,intheevening在晚上,intheday在白天,onacold(winter)evening在一個(gè)寒冷(冬天)的晚上,onWednesdayafternoon在星期三下午,onthemorningofMarch8th在3月8日上午,intheearlymorning在清晨,inthelateafternoon在下午很晚的時(shí)候年月季周今明天,有詞修飾介詞省tomorrow,yesterday或morning,afternoon,evening前有this,that,next,last,one等代詞、數(shù)詞修飾時(shí),不用介詞。thismorning今天早上,oneafternoon一天下午before,after時(shí)間點(diǎn),before起點(diǎn)在ago前。ago,later時(shí)間段WeiHuagotupbefore7o’clockthismorning.今天早晨,魏華7點(diǎn)之前起床。Afterthat,nooneshouldeverkillaseagull.從那時(shí)起,任何人不得捕殺海鷗。Herhusbanddied4yearsago.她丈夫死于四年前。HebecameSenatortwoyearslater.兩年后他當(dāng)上了參議員。from...to起止by終止through一直for持續(xù)Theworkersweremadetoworkfrom7inthemorningto7intheevening.工人們被迫從早7點(diǎn)工作到晚7點(diǎn)。BythetimeIarrived,shehadalreadygone.在我到達(dá)之前,她已經(jīng)走了。Hesleptrightthroughtheday.他睡了一整天。Florenceoftenworkedfortwenty-fourhourswithoutrest.弗洛倫斯常常工作24小時(shí)而不休息。since以來,during之間,since時(shí)態(tài)多完成Sincethattime,myeyeshadneverbeenverygood.從那時(shí)起,我的眼睛一直不是很好。Duringthelifetimeofoneman,NorthAmericaandEuropewillmorefurtherapartbynearlytwometres.在一個(gè)人的一生期間,北美洲和歐洲之間的距離將要增加差不多兩米。3其他介詞beyond超出,無,不能It’squitebeyondme.(ItismorethanIcanunderstand.)這我完全不懂。Don’tstayoutbeyond10o’clock.不要在外面待到10點(diǎn)以后還不回家。against靠著,對與反對Sheleanedwearilyagainsttherailings.她疲憊地靠著欄桿站著。(靠著)Anewpresidentwaselectedbyamajorityof274votesagainst110.新總統(tǒng)以274票對110票的多數(shù)當(dāng)選。(對……)Wearetotallyagainsttheplan.我們完全反對這個(gè)計(jì)劃。(反對)besides,except分內(nèi)外Thedesignhasmanyotheradvantagesbesideslowercost.除費(fèi)用低外,該設(shè)計(jì)還有許多其他優(yōu)點(diǎn)。(優(yōu)點(diǎn)包括在內(nèi))Everyoneofus,excepther,wenttoseetheexhibition.除她外,我們都去參觀了展覽會(huì)。(不包括她)同類比較except,加for異類記心間HegetsupearlyeverydayexceptSunday.除星期日外他每天早起。Shewasallaloneintheworldexceptforanoldaunt.除了有一個(gè)老姑媽,在這個(gè)世界上她別無親人。Hiscompositionisgood,exceptforsomespellingmistakes.他的這篇作文寫得很好,只是有幾處拼寫錯(cuò)誤。(非同類比較用exceptfor)between,among二三分ThedifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglisharenotverygreat.美式英語和英式英語之間的差別不是很大。TherearesomeAmericanstudentsamongus.在我們中間有幾個(gè)美國學(xué)生。陽光,燈,影,衣,冒雨inDon’treadindimlight.切勿在暗淡的燈光下看書。Theyarereviewingtheirlessonsinthebrightlight.他們在明亮的燈光下復(fù)習(xí)功課。Theyaresittingintheshadeofatree.他們坐在樹蔭下乘涼。將來時(shí)態(tài)in...以后Theywillcomebackin10days.他們將10天以后回來。Comeandseemeintwodays’time.兩天后來看我。(從現(xiàn)在開始)after...(從過去開始)有形with無形in,方式、手段就用by,語言,單位,材料inTheteacheriscorrectingthepaperwithanewpen.這位教師正用一支新鋼筆批改論文。(有形)Thestudentsarewritinginink.學(xué)生用墨水寫。(無形)ShehasimprovedherEnglishbyreadingalot.她通過大量閱讀提高了英語(水平)。(表示方式、手段、方法)Ireallycan’texpressmyideainEnglishfreelyindeed.我確實(shí)不能用英語流利地表達(dá)我的思想。(表示某種語言用in)Thekilometeristhebiggestunitoflengthinthemetricsystem.千米是米制中最大的長度單位。(表示度量衡單位的用in)Thisboardwascastinbronzenotingold.這個(gè)牌匾是銅鑄的,不是金鑄的。特征、方面與方式心情成語慣用inTheyfoundthepatientinacoma.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)病人處于昏迷狀態(tài)。Hehasnotbeeningoodhealthforsomeyears.他幾年來身體一直不好。injest詼諧地,injoke開玩笑地,infairness公正地,inrevenge報(bào)復(fù),inmercy寬大,insorrow傷心地介詞at、to表方向,攻擊,位置,善,惡分Shecameatme.她向我撲過來。Shecametome.她向我走過來。Shethrewaboneatthedog.她用一塊骨頭砸狗。Shethrewabonetothedog.她把一塊骨頭扔給狗吃。4?？嫉慕樵~短語(一)歸類記憶1.beonshow/display/play/sale/strike/duty/trial2.beofvalue/importance/use/nouse/color/age/size/height/weight/significance3.toone’sjoy/surprise/pleasure/astonishment/sorrow/delight4.insurprise/wonder/alarm/terror/horror/delight5.byair/bicycle/boat/bus/car/letter/post/plane/telephone/train/wire6.atdaybreak/sunrise/dawn/noon/dark/night7.outofbreath/control/question/sight8.infact/reality/substance/nature/practice/theory/short/brief/aword/detail/all/full/time/fashion/existence/turn/vain/haste/appearance/common/sum/general/particular/public/secret/order/part/power/stock/case/bed/future/name/addition/sight9.onduty/shift/holiday/leave/business/purpose/time/sale/show/board/hand/record/request/earth/farm/principle/average10.forexample/instance/all/good/nothing/convenience/short/fear/sale11.byweight(volume,size,number...)/profession/definition/rule/turn/chance/accident/mistake/hand/train(bus,taxi,ship,boat...)/air/land/force/day/nature/sight12.atmost/least/best/worst/once/first/last/home/school/will/work/night/midnight/daybreak/dawn/present/length/large13.asabove/below/following/over/usual/before/amatteroffact14.aboveall/measure/normal15.beforeall/long/time/now/then16.afterall/class/school17.outofaction/order/condition/use/operation/step/joint/repair/gear/balance/range/doubt/date/danger/hand/shape/place/question/stock18.withcaution/interest/difficulty/ease/advantage/effect/reason/vigor/reserve/success/confidence19.beyondcomprehension/conception/description/expression/doubt/control/reach/power/measure/grasp/compare/controversy/dispute/hope/example20.underage/discussion/test/way/repair(二)組合記憶1.由兩個(gè)詞組成的復(fù)合介詞(1)以of結(jié)尾aheadof,asideof,becauseof,eastof,westof,insteadof,shortof,lackof,regardlessof(2)以to結(jié)尾accordingto,asto,counterto,dueto,owingto,nextto,previousto,priorto,relativeto,subjectto,subsequentto,thanksto(3)以with結(jié)尾alongwith,togetherwith(4)以for結(jié)尾asfor,butfor,exceptfor,savefor(5)以from開頭fromabove,frombelow,fromamong,frombetween,frombeneath,frombehind,fromover2.由三個(gè)或四個(gè)詞組成的復(fù)合介詞(1)以in開頭inadditionto,inadvanceof,inagreementwith,incaseof,inchargeof,incomparisonwith,inconsequenceof,inconsiderationof,in(the)courseof,incontrastwith,inthefaceof,infavorof,infrontof,inhonorof,in(the)lightof,inthemiddleof,inthenameof,inneedof,inobedienceto,inoppositionto,inplaceof,inpreferenceto,in(the)processof，inregardto,inreplyto,inrespectof(2)以by開頭bymeansof,byorderof,byreasonof,byvirtueof,bywayof(3)以at開頭atthebeginningof,atthecostof,attheendof,atthehandsof,atmercyof,atthepointof,attheriskof(4)以with開頭withaneyeto,withtheexceptionof,withthepurposeof,withreferenceto,withregardto,withrespectto,withaviewto,withtheviewof(5)以for開頭forthebenefitof,forfearof,forlackof,forthegoodof,forthesakeof(6)以u(píng)nder開頭undercoverof,underpainof,underthepresentof(7)以on開頭onaccountof,onbehalfof,ontheoccasionof,onthepartof,onthepointof,ontopof(三)動(dòng)詞+介詞短語1.以break為中心的詞組2.以catch為中心的詞組3.以come為中心的詞組4.以do為中心的詞組5.以get為中心的詞組6.以give為中心的詞組7.以look為中心的詞組8.以make為中心的詞組9.以put為中心的詞組10.以take為中心的詞組11.以turn為中心的詞組(四)形容詞+介詞短語1.“be+形容詞+for”結(jié)構(gòu)2.“be+形容詞+from”結(jié)構(gòu)3.“be+形容詞+in”結(jié)構(gòu)4.“be+形容詞+of”結(jié)構(gòu)5.“be+形容詞+to”結(jié)構(gòu)6.“be+形容詞+with”結(jié)構(gòu)7.“in+其他詞+of”結(jié)構(gòu)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或介詞短語填空。1.TheSmithsarepraised_________thewaytheybringuptheirchildren.2.Ihaveanappointment_________Dr.Smith,butIneedtochangeit.3.Itwasarealrace_________timetogettheprojectdone.Luckily,wemadeit.參考答案：1.for,praisesb.for...因?yàn)椤頁P(yáng)某人2.with,haveanappointmentwithsb.和某人約會(huì)3.against,araceagainsttime與時(shí)間的賽跑4.Thisshopwillbeclosedforrepairs_________furthernotice.5.Nick,it’sgoodforyoutoreadsomebooks_________Chinabeforeyoustartyourtripthere.6.Withnewtechnology,picturesofunderwatervalleyscanbetaken_________color.參考答案：

4.until,一直到5.on/about,關(guān)于6.in，以彩色的形式7.Hewasagoodstudentandscored_________averageinmostsubjects.8.IalwayswantedtodothejobwhichI’dbeentrained_________.9.Sometimesproperanswersarenotfartoseek_________foodsafetyproblem.參考答案：

7.above，在……以上8.for,trainforthejob為……培訓(xùn)9.to，theanswersto...problem，問題的答案10.I’msorryIdidn’tphoneyou,butI’vebeenverybusy_________thepastcoupleofweeks.11.Shirley,arealbooklover,oftenbringshomemanybookstoread_________thelibrary.參考答案：

10.for,一段時(shí)間11.from,從……借來的12.Theformcannotbesignedbyanyone_________yourself.13._________goodservice,therestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujiandishes.參考答案：

12.otherthan,除……之外，沒有13.Apartfrom,除……之外，還有Ⅰ.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空1.Thewineindustryintheareahasdevelopedinaspecialway,_________littleforeignownership.2.—Howamazingitisthatastronautsareexploringouterspace!—It’sachallenge,Iguess,_________managainstnature.參考答案：with,有一點(diǎn)外資2.of,有違本性的挑戰(zhàn)3.MostAmericanswouldprefertokeeptheirproblems_________themselves,andsolvetheirproblems_________themselves.4.ThehouseIgrewup_________hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.5.Everybodywastouched_________wordsaftertheyheardhermovingstory.參考答案：3.to,把問題留給自己,by,自己解決問題4.in，在這間屋子里長大

5.beyond,感動(dòng)得說不出話來6.Itsavestimeinthekitchentohavethingsyouusealot_________easyreach.7.Heinvitedmetoadanceaftertheshow_________ChristmasEve.參考答案：

6.within,在夠得著的范圍內(nèi)7.on,在圣誕前夕8.FourChinesemodelswere_________the14peopleawardedprizesonFridayattheWorldSupermodelCompetition.9.Agreatpersonisalwaysputtingothers’interests_________hisown.10.Tryonthisredskirt;youwilllookgreat_________it.參考答案：

8.among,在14人當(dāng)中9.above,高于自己的利益10.in,穿著紅短裙Ⅱ.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~補(bǔ)全短文“Can’tholdacandleto”isapopularexpression.Itis1._________thetimebeforeelectricity,whenpeopleusedcandles2._________light.Someonewholivedinabighousewouldhaveaservantlighthisway3._________holdingacandle.Theexpressionmeantthatthepersonwhocannotholdacandle4._________youisnotfiteventobeyourservant.Now,itmeanssuchapersoncannotcompareorcompete.5._________thefollowingsong.SingerDollyPartontellshernewlovethatheroldflames,heroldlovers,cannotcompare6._________him.Theexpression“holdup”hasseveraldifferentmeanings.Oneisarobbery.Aman7._________agunmaysay,“Thisisaholdup.Givemeyourmoney.”Anothermeaningistodelay.Adriverlate8._________workmaytellhisboss,“Iwasheldup9._________heavytraffic.”Someonewhowasrobbed10._________thewaytoworkmightsay,“Sorry,boss,Iwasheldup11._________ahold-up.”O(jiān)urfinalexpressionis“holdtheline”.Thatmeanstokeepaproblemorsituation12._________gettingworse,toholdsteady.13._________example,thepresidentmaysayhewillholdthelineontaxes.Hemeanstherewillbenoincrease14._________taxes.Now,Imustholdtheline15._________thisprogram.Ihavenomoretimelefttoday.參考答案:1.fromthetime從……開始2.usedcandlesforlight把……用來3.byholdingacandle用……方式4.holdacandletoyou為……5.Inthefollowingsong在……中6.comparewithhim把……與……相比7.withagun拿著8.lateforwork對……而言9.byheavytraffic被，因10.ontheway在……的途中11.byahold-up被，因12.keep...fromgettingworse防止，以免13.Forexample例如14.intaxes在……方面15.onthisprogram關(guān)于三、代詞代詞(pronoun,pron.)是指代上下文提到的或說話雙方知道的人或物、代替名詞或名詞詞組，以避免重復(fù)的詞類。根據(jù)廣東高考語法填空題的特點(diǎn)，我們把代詞分為在名詞詞語中起修飾或限定作用的代詞(如代詞所有格、作定語的不定代詞)和在上下文中指代名詞而擔(dān)當(dāng)主語、賓語的代詞(如人稱代詞，物主代詞主格、賓格及指示代詞，不定代詞，相互代詞等其他代詞)兩大類。1.Toherjoy,Dellaearnedfirstthetrustofherstudentsandthen_________ofhercolleagues.2.It’saneither-orsituation-wecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecan’tdo_________.參考答案:

1.指示代詞that指代上文的trust。2.both指兩者都。3.I’velivedinNewYorkandChicago,butdon’tlike_________ofthemverymuch.4.Theemploymentratehascontinuedtoriseinbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalgovernmentstoincrease_________.參考答案:

3.either指兩者中的任何一個(gè)。4.人稱代詞it指上文的Theemploymentrate，指原物。5.Tostayawake,hefinishedacupofcoffeeandordered_________.6.Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind_________difficulttotellonefromtheother.參考答案:5.相互代詞another指不定數(shù)目中的另一個(gè)。6.人稱代詞it作形式賓語，指代后面的不定式。7.Whydon’tyoubring_________tohisattentionthatyou’retooilltoworkon?8.Surprisingly,Susan’sbeautifulhairreachedbelowherkneesandmade_________almostanovercoatforher.參考答案:7.人稱代詞it作形式賓語，指代后面的賓語從句。8.人稱代詞it指上文Susan’sbeautifulhair，指原物。9.Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays,youcanchoose_________basedonyourowninterests.10.—Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?—_________,thankyou.I’vejusthadsomewater.參考答案:9.指示代詞one指上文varioussummercamps中的一個(gè)，指可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。10.“兩樣都不想要”，不定代詞neither表示兩者之間的全部否定。11.Wefeel_________ourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.12.—Wouldyougetmeabarofchocolatefromthekitchen,dear?—_________one?參考答案:11.人稱代詞it作形式賓語，指代后面的不定式。12.“還想要一支？”相互代詞Another指不定數(shù)目中的另一個(gè)。13.—Sillyme!Iforgetwhatmyluggagelookslike.—Whatdoyouthinkof_________overthere?參考答案:指示代詞that指代不可數(shù)名詞。

作定語的代詞起限定名詞的作用，作主語、賓語的代詞起指代作用。在語法填空的所有考點(diǎn)中，代詞考查比例最大，每年計(jì)1.5×2=3分，占整個(gè)語法填空題的2/10。1人稱代詞、物主代詞

第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)陽性陰性