初中英語八年級(jí)下冊 Section A Grammar focusa-4c【省一等獎(jiǎng)】

SectionAGrammarfocus4a—4cthePresentPerfectTenseBYYuYizhong現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Conclusion：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)到現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為止已經(jīng)完成了的、對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的已完成用法）What’sthePresentPerfectTense?

什么是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Ihavevisitedsomebeautifulcities.Afriendhastoldmeaboutanicelittlefishrestaurantnearhere.Theyhaveputupalotofhigh-risebuildingsrecently.JohnMartin:Oh,lookatthathugeapartmentblock!

XiaoLi:Yes,theyhavejustcompletedit.1234Conclusion：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)從過去某一刻開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，這個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去，常與for,since或一段時(shí)間連用。（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的未完成用法）AmIrightinthinkingthatyouhavelivedhereallyourlife?Thefamilyhaslivedinthistownfortwentyyears.HehasstudiedEnglishsincehewas12yearsold.IhaveknownhimsincelastDecember.What’sthePresentPerfectTense?

什么是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1234IhaveseenquitealotofChina.Wehavestartedaholidayclubforchildren.Theyhaveputupalotofhigh-risebuildingsrecently.Ithasbeenverysuccessful,sofar.

Haveyoucollectedanyinformationaboutoccupations?—HasTomleftourtown?—Yes,hehas.—Andhowlonghashebeenaway?—Abouttwohours.肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞.Ithasnotbeenverysuccessfulyet.(hasnot=hasn’t)否定句：主語+have/hasnot+過去分詞.疑問句:(疑問詞)Have/Has+主語+過去分詞?Wehavenotfinishedthework.(havenot=haven’t)1.2.3.SentenceStructures現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成We’vealreadydoneourbesttohelppeoplefindemployment.They’veputupalotofhigh-risebuildingsrecently/lately.Wehaveseenthatfilmbefore.Haveyoucollectedanyinformationaboutoccupations

yet?Conclusion:

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的已完成用法往往同表示不確定的過去時(shí)間狀語連用，如already,recently,lately,just,yet,ever,before等。TimeExpressionswithPresentPerfectTense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間短語Mywife’sjustboughtabeautifuldressfromoneoftheshopsthere.HaveyoueverbeentoGulangyuIsland?123456

表示從過去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示“從過去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間狀語”連用，如“for+時(shí)間段”、“since+過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)”、“since+過去時(shí)的從句”、“since+一段時(shí)間+ago”。且for與since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。PresentPerfectTenseContinuousVerbORNon-ContinuousVerb

延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞還是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞JohnMartinhas

cometoXiamen.JohnMartinhascometoXiamenforthreeyears.JohnMartinhasnotcometoXiamenforthreeyears.Conclusion:非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（終止性動(dòng)詞）的肯定式不能和一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，應(yīng)改用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或其它句型。1JohnMartinhasfallenillsincehemovedtoXiamen.JohnMartinhasbeenillsincehemovedtoXiamen.JohnMartinhasnotfallenillsincehemovedtoXiamen.23456Helefthishometownfiveyearsago.Hehaslefthishometownforfiveyears.Hehasbeenawayfromhishometownforfiveyears.Itis/hasbeenfiveyearssincehelefthishometown.Themoviebegantenminutesago.Themoviehasbegunfortenminutes.Themoviehasbeenonfortenminutes.leavebeawaydiebedeadfinishbeovermarrybemarriedjoinbeinbeginbeonbuyhaveborrowkeepmovetoliveinNon-ContinuousVerbContinuousVerb

非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞Iboughtthisbikethreeyearsago.Ihavehadthisbikeforthreeyears.Itis/hasbeenthreeyearssinceIboughtthisbike.1.She_______thisbookfornearlythreeweeks.A.hasborrowedB.haslentC.hasboughtD.haskept2.Ithasbeentenyears____theoldmandied.A.whenB.whileC.beforeD.since√√Exercises1.Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeover there?

I’vehaditforthreeyears.2.Howlonghashissonownedthetrain andrailwayset?

He’sowneditsincehisfourthbirthday.3.Haveyoueverplayedfootball?

Yes,IdidwhenIwaslittle,butIhaven’t playedforawhilenow.4aRewritethesentencesusingfororsince.1.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreedaysago.________________________________________________2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.________________________________________________3.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin2009.________________________________________________4.IknowAnna.Ifirstmetherthreeyearsago.________________________________________________5.Lindaisill.ShebecameillonMonday.________________________________________________Theyhavebeenhungryfortenhours/sincetenhoursago.JimhasbeeninJapanforthreeyears.Ihavehadacamerasince2009.IhaveknownAnnforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.LindahasbeenillsinceMonday.4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.I_______________(neverbe)tothewaterparkbefore.Iwantto_____(go)nextmonthbeforetheweathergetstoocold.2.They_________________(neverown)anypets,butthey___________(alwayswant)tohaveadog.3.We_________(have)apianosincelastNovember.We_______(buy)itfromtheLifamilywhentheymovedtotheUSlastyear.4.CathyandAmy____________(notbe)backtotheirhometownfortwoyears.They______(miss)theirhometownalotandhopetovisittheplacenextyear.5.Thismuseum_________(be)hereforover20years.It_____(be)oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.

haveneverbeengohaveneverownedalwayswanthavehadboughthaven’tbeenmisshasbeenis4cFillinth