【英語】吉林省白山市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題（解析版）

成就未來，新教育伴你成長聯(lián)系電話：400-186-9786吉林省白山市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whoisthewoman?A.Mary’ssisterB.Mary.C.Mary’smother.2.Whatdidthewomandoattheweekend?A.Shewentforadrive.B.ShewatchedTV.C.Sheclimbedamountain.3.Whatdoesthewomanasktheboytodoafterschool?A.Hanguphiscoat.B.Putawayhisschoolbag.C.Movethekitchentable.4.HowlongisthelunchtimeintheChineserestaurant?A.2hours.B.3hours.C.2.5hours.5.Whywillthemanquithisjob?A.Hedoesn’tgetonwellwiththeothers.B.Hehasgotabetterposition.C.Hefindshisworkboring.第二節(jié)(共15小題,每題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthepartyfor?A.John’swedding.B.Christmas.C.John’sbirthday.7.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.HehastoldAnnatokeepthepartyasecret.B.Helooksforwardtovisitingthewoman.C.He’llgotothepartywiththewoman.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Confident.B.Nervous.C.Excited.9.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonext?A.Drinksomewater.B.Continuetalkingwiththewoman.C.Gotothebathroom.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Inwhichsubjectdoesthewomangetthehighestgrades?A.English.B.Math.C.Art.11.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodowhenshegraduates?A.Enjoyherwork.B.Makelotsofmoney.C.Realizeherdream.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomanatlast?A.TakingmathandEnglishclasses.B.Changinghermind.C.Enjoyingherlife.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthewoman?A.Shehasaseriousheartproblem.B.Shecan’taffordtobuycigarettesanymore.C.Sheusedtoenjoysmoking.14.Howlonghavetheybeenoutwhentheconversationtakesplace?A.Fourhours.B.Halfanhour.C.Twohours.15.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanisgoingtostopsmoking.B.Themanisaheavysmoker.C.Themanhasalreadygivenupsmoking.16.Doesthemanstopsmokingatlast?A.Yes,hedoes.B.Thedialoguedoesn’ttellus.C.No,hedoesn’t.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatwasthespeaker’sjobbeforehewas10yearsold?A.Washingplates.B.Cleaningtables.C.Shiningshoes.18.Whatwasoneoftherequirementslaiddownbytheboy’sfather?A.Hemuststudyhardinhissparetime.B.Heshouldneverbelateforwork.C.Hemustworksixdaysaweek.19.Whatdidtheboyaskhisfathertodooneday?A.Tolethimhave3mealsadayintherestaurant.B.Topayhimforhiswork.C.Togivehisfriendsfreedrinks.20.Whydidtheboy’sfatherrefusetopayhim?A.Becausehethoughtitwashissonwhoshouldpayhim.B.Becausehethoughttheboyhadfailedtomeethisrequirements.C.Becausetheboyhadmadesomemistakes.【答案】1-5AABCB6-10ACBCB11-15BACAB16-20CCВВA第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)ATotalSolarEclipse2023AustraliaOneofnature’smostremarkableevents-atotalsolareclipse(日蝕)——willtakeplaceonthewesternedgeofAustraliaonApril20th,2023andwehavechosentheperfectwayforyoutoenjoythisevent:onacruise(航游)atsea.TherehavebeenonlyfivetotalsolareclipsesinAustraliaoverthepastcenturyandthisisthefirsthybrideclipseinmorethan1000years.Unlikeothercruisesforthisevent,ourshasthewell-knownastronomerAbigailBealltoaccompanyyou.Youwillhavethebestpossibleviewoftheeventaswellasenjoyinglecturesandstargazingonlandandatsea.Abigailwillbeonhandthroughout,givinglecturesonthehistoryandscienceofeclipses,theblackholeatthecentreofthegalaxy-alongwithprovidingmanyopportunitiesforguidedstargazing.Plus,therewillbeadditionaltalksfromtheAstronomicalSocietyofAustralia.Clickherefordetailedarrangementsofthetour.SingleoccupancyPerguestbasedontwopeoplesharingInteriorcabin￡2,429￡1,699Oceanviewcabin￡3,229￡2,199Ifyouwishtoaddathirdadultorchildtoyourroom,pleaseaskforaquote.Alongsidethecruise,youcanalsoexploresomeofAustralia’sbestscientificandnaturalphenomenawithaseriesoftailoredadd-ontourscoveringastronomyontheeastcoastandvisitstoUluru,Sydney,theGreatBarrierReefandmuchmore.Onthelastdayofthetour,wecansendyoubacktotheairportforyourreturnjourneyhome,oryoucanjoinoneofouradd-ontours.Clickhereforfulldetailsaboutadd-ontours.1.Whatmakesthecruisespecialtoothers?A.Achanceforstargazing B.Atalkwithastronomers.C.Anexpert’sguidance. D.Ameetingwithastronauts.2.HowmuchshouldacouplepayforatourinaOceanviewcabin?A.￡3,229. B.￡2,199. C.￡6,458. D.￡4,398.3.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.inasciencereport. B.onatourwebsite.C.inahistorybook. D.inanaturemagazine.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹2023澳大利亞日全食的海上巡游?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Unlikeothercruisesforthisevent,ourshasthewell-knownastronomerAbigailBealltoaccompanyyou.(與其他游輪不同的是，我們的游輪有著名的天文學(xué)家AbigailBeall陪伴您。)”以及“Abigailwillbeonhandthroughout,givinglecturesonthehistoryandscienceofeclipses,theblackholeatthecentreofthegalaxy-alongwithprovidingmanyopportunitiesforguidedstargazing.(Abigail將全程在場(chǎng)，講授日食的歷史和科學(xué)，以及星系中心的黑洞，并提供許多指導(dǎo)觀星的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，專家的指導(dǎo)讓這個(gè)游輪與眾不同。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)列表中Oceanviewcabin后，“Perguestbasedontwopeoplesharing(按兩人分?jǐn)偯课豢腿?”下列的￡2,199可知，一對(duì)夫婦在Oceanviewcabin旅游應(yīng)付費(fèi)：2199英鎊計(jì)算為2199×2=￡4,398。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Clickhereforfulldetailsaboutadd-ontours.(點(diǎn)擊這里查看附加旅游的詳細(xì)信息。)”等內(nèi)容可知，文章的出處是旅游網(wǎng)站。故選B項(xiàng)。BTheworld’soldestpenpalshavebothturned100after84yearsoftransatlantic(大西洋彼岸的)lettersandhavenowswitchedtoZoom.GeoffBanksfromHoniton,Devon,andCelestaByme,fromUS,startedwritingtoeachotheragedjust16in1938.TheymetaspartofaneducationalprojecttoputBritishandAmericanstudentsincontact-and84yearslatertheyarestillcorresponding.Geoff,aretiredengineer,said,“Ihonestlystruggletorememberhowwegotintouch,butIwastalkingtoCelestarecentlyandIthinkitwassomethingtodowithanAmericanschool’sscheme(計(jì)劃),whichmatchedusupwithAmericansforapenpalrelationship,andsomehowIendedupwiththisletterfromanAmericangirl,andwejustkeptcorrespondingeversince.Therewereacoupleofyearswhenwestruggledtokeepintouchbecauseofthewar.Nowofcoursesheispartiallysighted,soIcorrespondmainlybyemailtooneofherdaughterswholivesnearby.EmailismucheasierformethesedaystoobecauseIcan’twriteverywellanymore.Wejusttalkaboutdailylivesandourfamiliesreally.She’salwaysbeentheretowriteto,evenifitwasjustbirthdaycardsandChristmascards.”Despitehavingchattedfordecades,thepairhasonlyevermettwice—firstin2002whileGeoffvisitedNewYorkaged80,andthenagaintwoyearslater.Geoffisnowagreatgrandfather,havingsadlyoutlived(比……活得長)hisdaughterbutstillhavingthreesonsscatteredacrosstheworldandmanymoregrandchildren.Geoffsaid,“Weactuallymetupagainin2004whensheinvitedmetoherhouseforlunch.IhavethisnewthingcalledZoomIthinknowtochatwithher,butIleaveallthetechnologytoyoungerpeople.They’remuchbetteratpressingallbuttons.”4.WhatbroughtGeoffBanksandCelestaByrnetogethertobepenpals?A.Thewarinthe1930s. B.AnAmericanschool’sscheme.C.Communicationtechnology. D.Geoff’svisittoNewYork.5.WhydidGeoffBankspreferusingemailtowritingletters?A.Hesufferedfromeyedisease. B.Hehadtroublepressingbuttons.C.Hewasunabletowritewell. D.HereliedonZoomtochat.6.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Truefriendshipoutlivestimeandspace. B.Letterswerenotpermittedduringthewar.C.Penpalsaretruefriends. D.Technologystrengthensfriendships.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.PenPalsMeetafter84years B.PenPalRelationshipLastsaCenturyC.90YearsofChat:fromLettertoZoom D.OldestPenPalsintheworld【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。本文主要講述了世界上年齡最大的兩位筆友的故事。八十多年前，美國的一個(gè)教育項(xiàng)目使英國的杰夫與美國的塞拉斯塔建立了筆友關(guān)系。八十多年來，他們一直通過書信、電子郵件或視頻軟件保持著聯(lián)系?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TheymetaspartofaneducationalprojecttoputBritishandAmericanstudentsincontact(他們的會(huì)面是一個(gè)教育項(xiàng)目的一部分，目的是讓英國和美國學(xué)生接觸)”可知，一個(gè)教育項(xiàng)目讓英國和美國的學(xué)生搭配成筆友進(jìn)行聯(lián)絡(luò)以及文章第三段中“Geoff,aretiredengineer,said,“Ihonestlystruggletorememberhowwegotintouch,butIwastalkingtoCelestarecentlyandIthinkitwassomethingtodowithanAmericanschool’sscheme(計(jì)劃),whichmatchedusupwithAmericansforapenpalrelationship(杰夫是一名退休工程師，他說：老實(shí)說，我很難記起我們是怎么聯(lián)系上的，但最近我和塞萊斯塔聊了聊，我想這與一所美國學(xué)校的計(jì)劃有關(guān)，該計(jì)劃把我們和美國人配對(duì)成筆友。)”也說明了他們成為筆友的原因是一所美國學(xué)校的計(jì)劃。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Nowofcoursesheispartiallysighted,soIcorrespondmainlybyemailtooneofherdaughterswholivesnearby.EmailismucheasierformethesedaystoobecauseIcan’twriteverywellanymore.(當(dāng)然，她視力不佳，所以我主要通過電子郵件與住在她附近的一個(gè)女兒聯(lián)系。這些天來，電子郵件對(duì)我來說也更容易，因?yàn)槲也荒軐懙煤芎昧恕?”可知，杰夫之所以使用電子郵件給塞拉斯塔寫信是因?yàn)槟晔乱迅?很難把字寫好。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Therewereacoupleofyearswhenwestruggledtokeepintouchbecauseofthewar.Nowofcoursesheispartiallysighted,soIcorrespondmainlybyemailtooneofherdaughterswholivesnearby.EmailismucheasierformethesedaystoobecauseIcan’twriteverywellanymore.(因?yàn)閼?zhàn)爭，有幾年我們很難保持聯(lián)系。當(dāng)然，她視力不好，所以我主要通過電子郵件與她住在附近的一個(gè)女兒聯(lián)系。這些天來，電子郵件對(duì)我來說也容易多了，因?yàn)槲也荒軐懙煤芎昧恕?”可知，杰夫與塞拉斯塔跨越80多年的筆友情誼，雖有戰(zhàn)爭，縱然有健康原因，他們之間依然保持著聯(lián)系。由此推斷，真正的友誼超越時(shí)空。故選A。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Theworld’soldestpenpalshavebothturned100after84yearsoftransatlantic(大西洋彼岸的)letters.(世界上最老的筆友在經(jīng)歷了84年的跨大西洋書信往來后，雙雙迎來了100歲生日)”以及全文可知，本文主要講述了世界上年齡最大的兩位筆友的故事。因此推斷D項(xiàng)“OldestPenPalsintheworld（世界上最老的筆友）”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選DCMoreAmericanbusinessesarestartingtouseartificialintelligence(AI)toolstocomeupwithnewideasandtodealwithcustomers.Mattelisknownformakingchildren’stoys.ThecompanyrecentlyusedanAIimagegenerator(生成器)calledDALL-EtocomeupwithideasfornewHotWheelstoycars.TheusedvehiclesellerCarMaxisusingChatGPTtogatherthousandsofcustomercomments.ThesocialmediaserviceSnapchathasaddedachatbot(聊天機(jī)器人)toitsmessagingservice.AndInstacart,adeliveryservice,nowusesChatGPTtoanswerfoodquestions.EventheCoca-ColacompanyplanstouseAItohelpcreatenewmarketingcontent.Ithasnotsaidexactlyhowitplanstousethetechnology.Butthemoveshowsthatbusinessesareunderpressuretousethetoolsthatmanyoftheiremployeesandcustomersarealreadytryingontheirown.Someexpertswarnthatbusinessesshouldcarefullyconsiderpossibleharmstocustomers,society,andtheirowncompaniesbeforechoosingtouseAItoolsintheworkplace.ChaireLeibowiczworksatThePartnershiponAI,anonprofitgroup.ThegrouprecentlyreleasedrecommendationsforcompaniesproducingAI-generatedimages,audioandothermedia.“Iwantpeopletothinkdeeplybeforedeployingthistechnology”Leibowiczsaid.“Theyshouldplayaround...butweshouldalsothink,whatpurposearethesetoolsservinginthefirstplace?”WhiletextgeneratorslikeChatGPTcanmaketheprocessofwritingemailsandmarketingdocumentsfasterandeasier,theyalsoappeartopresentmisinformationasfact.AndimagegeneratorslikeDALL-Earetrainedincopyingwidelyavailabledigitalartandphotography.Thishasraisecopyright(版權(quán))concernsfromthecreatorsofthoseworks.“ItissafertouseAItoolsasa‘thoughtpartner’butstillpeopleasthecreatoroffinalproducts,”saidAnnaGressel.SheworksatthelawcompanyDebevoise&Plimpton,whichadvisesbusinessesonhowtouseAI.8.WhichcompanymadecreativeproductswithAltools’help?A.Instacart B.Matel C.CarMax D.Snapchat9.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.Peoplerelytoomuchontechnologyintheirdailylife.B.AItoolsarewidelyusedtohelpbusinessesgrow.C.AItoolshaveaneffectonimprovingbusinessconditions.D.Customersaremoreandmoreconnectedonline.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deploying”inparagraph3mean?A.presentingconfidently B.promotingsuccessfullyC.debatingpublicly D.applyingeffectively11.WhatcanwelearnfromAnnaGressel’swords?A.AItoolsshouldjustbehumans’assistants.B.TheuseofAItoolsshouldbeforbidden.C.Abusinessshouldpartnerwithalawcompany.D.Copyrightconcernsareunnecessary【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了人工智能工具在美國的流行使用及社會(huì)各界對(duì)此現(xiàn)象的觀點(diǎn)與看法?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ThecompanyrecentlyusedanAlimagegenerator(生成器)calledDALL-EtocomeupwithideasfornewHotwheelstoycars.(該公司最近使用了一種名為DALL-E的人工智能圖像生成器來構(gòu)思新的風(fēng)火輪玩具車。)”可知,兒童玩具公司Mattel最近利用人工智能圖片生成器DALL-E為新的風(fēng)火輪玩具車提供創(chuàng)意,也就是說,該玩具公司在人工智能的幫助下生產(chǎn)出富有創(chuàng)意的產(chǎn)品。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Mattelisknownformakingchildren’stoys.ThecompanyrecentlyusedanAIimagegenerator(生成器)calledDALL-EtocomeupwithideasfornewHotWheelstoycars.TheusedvehiclesellerCarMaxisusingChatGPTtogatherthousandsofcustomercomments.ThesocialmediaserviceSnapchathasaddedachatbot(聊天機(jī)器人)toitsmessagingservice.AndInstacart,adeliveryservice,nowusesChatGPTtoanswerfoodquestions.EventheCoca-ColacompanyplanstouseAItohelpcreatenewmarketingcontent.Ithasnotsaidexactlyhowitplanstousethetechnology.(美泰公司以生產(chǎn)兒童玩具而聞名。該公司最近使用了一種名為DALL-E的人工智能圖像生成器來為新的風(fēng)火輪玩具車提供創(chuàng)意。二手車銷售商CarMax正在使用ChatGPT收集數(shù)千條客戶評(píng)論。社交媒體服務(wù)Snapchat在其即時(shí)通訊服務(wù)中增加了一個(gè)聊天機(jī)器人。外賣服務(wù)Instacart現(xiàn)在使用ChatGPT來回答有關(guān)食物的問題。甚至可口可樂公司也計(jì)劃使用人工智能來幫助創(chuàng)造新的營銷內(nèi)容。該公司尚未明確表示計(jì)劃如何使用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。)”可知，第二段介紹了Mattel,CarMax,Instacart,甚至可口可樂等公司都紛紛利用人工智能工具提供創(chuàng)意或服務(wù)顧客,從而提升公司競爭力的情況,由此推知,人工智能工具被廣泛應(yīng)用,助推企業(yè)發(fā)展。故選B。【10題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Someexpertswarnthatbusinessesshouldcarefullyconsiderpossibleharmstocustomers,society,andtheirowncompaniesbeforechoosingtouseAItoolsintheworkplace.(一些專家警告說，在選擇在工作場(chǎng)所使用人工智能工具之前，企業(yè)應(yīng)該仔細(xì)考慮對(duì)客戶、社會(huì)和自己公司可能造成的危害)”及本句““Iwantpeopletothinkdeeplybeforedeployingthistechnology,”Leibowiczsaid.(“我希望人們?cè)赿eploying這項(xiàng)技術(shù)之前能深思熟慮，”萊博維茨說)”可知，專家與Leibowicz都是在針對(duì)人工智能技術(shù)的利用提建議。由此推知，畫線單詞deploying意為“有效利用”。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ItissafertouseAItoolsasa‘thoughtpartner’butstillpeopleasthecreatoroffinalproducts.(使用人工智能工具作為“思想伙伴”更安全，但人類仍然是最終產(chǎn)品的創(chuàng)造者)”可知，AnnaGressel的話旨在說明人類應(yīng)該是技術(shù)的主宰者，是最終產(chǎn)品的創(chuàng)造者，技術(shù)只是幫助人類的“思想伙伴”而已。所以人工智能工具只是人類的助手。故選A。DItisnotonlypraiseorpunishmentthatdeterminesachild’slevelofconfidence.Therearesomeotherimportantwaysweshapeourkids—particularlybygivinginstructionsandcommandsinanegativeorpositivechoiceofwords.Forexample,wecansaytoachild“Don’trunintotraffic!”r“Stayonthefootpathclosetome.”Inusingthelatter,youwillbehelpingyourkidstothinkandactpositively,andtofeelcompetentinawiderangeofsituations,becausetheyknowwhattodo,andaren’tscaringthemselveswithwhatnottodo.Actually,itisallinthewaythehumanmindworks.Whenwethink,weautomaticallypractise.Forexample,ifsomeoneofferedyouamilliondollarsnottothinkofabluemonkeyfortwominutes,youwouldn’tbeabletodoit.Whenachildistold“Don’tfalloffthetree,”hewillthinkoftwothings:“don’t”and“falloffthetree”.Thatis,hewillautomaticallycreatethepictureoffallingoffthetreeinhismind.Achildwhoisvividlyimaginingfallingoffthetreeismuchmorelikelytofalloff.Soitisfarbettertouse“Holdontothetreecarefully.”Clear,positiveinstructionshelpkidstounderstandtherightwaytodothings.Kidsdonotalwaysknowhowtobesafe,orhowtoreacttothewarningofthedangerinnegativewords.Soparentsshouldmaketheircommandspositive.“Sam,holdonfirmlytothesideoftheboat”ismuchmoreusefulthan“Don’tyoudaretofalloutoftheboat?”or“HowdoyouthinkI’llfeelifyoudrown?”Thechangesaresmallbutthedifferenceisobvious.Childrenlearnhowtoguideandorganizethemselvesfromthewayweguidethemwithourwords,soitpaystobepositive.12.Whydowechoosepositivewordswhengivingkidscommands?A.tohelpthemtolearnindifferentsituations B.toincreasetheirconfidenceC.toguidethemtodothingscarefully D.toimprovetheirimagination13.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.Achildwillactonwhatisinstructed.B.Onewon’tthinkofabluemonkeywhengivenmoney.C.Achildwillfalloffthetreewhentoldnotto.D.Onecan’thelpimaginingwhatisheard.14.Whichofthefollowingcommandshelpskidstobesafe?A.HowdoyouthinkI’llfeelifyougethurt?B.Don’twalkonthegrass.C.Stayonthesidewalkuntilit’ssafetocross.D.Don’tyoudaretowalkthroughtheredlight?15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Positiveinstructionsguidekids B.PraisemakeskidsconfidentC.Rightinstructionskeepkidssafe D.Clearcommandsmakekidsdifferent【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要告訴人們?nèi)绾稳ソ逃⒆印Ｒo孩子提供積極正面的指導(dǎo)，而不是負(fù)面消極的各種不準(zhǔn)不要?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Itisnotonlypraiseorpunishmentthatdeterminesachild’slevelofconfidence.Therearesomeotherimportantwaysweshapeourkids—particularlybygivinginstructionsandcommandsinanegativeorpositivechoiceofwords.”（決定孩子自信程度的不僅僅是表揚(yáng)還是懲罰。我們還有其他一些重要的方式來塑造我們的孩子——特別是通過使用消極或積極的詞語來給予指示和命令。）可知，積極正面的話語會(huì)讓孩子們樹立信心。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whenwethink,weautomaticallyrehearse.Forexample,ifsomeoneofferedyouamilliondollarsnottothinkofabluemonkeyfortwominutes,youwouldn’tbeabletodoit.”（當(dāng)我們思考的時(shí)候，我們會(huì)自動(dòng)地排演。例如，如果有人給你100萬美元，讓你在兩分鐘內(nèi)不要想到一只藍(lán)色的猴子，你可能做不到。）可知，人們思考時(shí)會(huì)自動(dòng)排演，可得出人們會(huì)不由自主地想象聽到了什么。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Clear,positiveinstructionshelpkidstounderstandtherightwaytodothings.Kidsdonotalwaysknowhowtobesafe,orhowtoreacttothewarningofthedangerinnegativewords.Soparentsshouldmaketheircommandspositive.“Sam,holdonfirmtothesideoftheboat”ismuchmoreusefulthan“Don’tyoudaretofalloutoftheboat?”orworsestill“HowdoyouthinkI’llfeelifyoudrown?”Thechangesaresmallbutdifferenceisobvious.”（清晰、積極的指導(dǎo)可以幫助孩子理解正確的做事方式。孩子們并不總是知道如何保證安全，或者如何對(duì)負(fù)面話語中的危險(xiǎn)警告做出反應(yīng)。所以父母應(yīng)該讓他們的命令是積極的。“薩姆，緊緊抓住船的一邊”比“你敢從船上掉下去嗎？”或者更糟地問：“如果你淹死了，你覺得我會(huì)有什么感覺？”變化雖小，但差異明顯。）可知，根據(jù)文章描述，應(yīng)用積極正面的指導(dǎo)來幫助孩子，比如“待在人行道上，直到可以安全通過為止”，故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Inusingthelatter,youwillbehelpingyourkidstothinkandactpositively,andtofeelcompetentinawiderangeofsituations,becausetheyknowwhattodo,andaren’tscaringthemselveswithwhatnottodo.(在使用后者時(shí)，你將幫助你的孩子積極地思考和行動(dòng)，并在各種情況下感到有能力，因?yàn)樗麄冎涝撟鍪裁矗皇怯檬裁床辉撟鰜韲樆Ｗ约骸?”及全文內(nèi)容可知,文章主要是告訴人們要給孩子提供積極正面的指導(dǎo),而不是負(fù)面消極的各種不準(zhǔn)不要,差別很小的話但最后作用差得很大。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Desktoysaresimpletoysmadeforofficeworkers.Theymakewonderfulpresentsforthosewhospendlotsoftimeonthejobandneedabreakfromastressfulworkingenvironment.___16___Sotheycanbeeasilyavailableintoystoresandgiftstores,aswellasmanywebsites.___17___CheapandunfashionableitemslikeBarrelsofMonkeys,Mr.PotatoHeaddolls,orRubik’sCubeswhichkidslikeareoftengivenasdesktoys.Thesetoyscangiveyouasenseoffamiliarityandnostalgia(懷舊)andcanhelpreducestress.OneconsistentlypopularofficetoyistheZengarden.___18___Usuallythesetincludespolishedstonesorsmalltowers,aswellastoolsthatareusedtobrushthesandintopatterns.Manypeoplefindthisarelaxingexperienceandenjoyrearrangingthesettinginpleasingways.Allowingworkerstohavefunitemssuchasdesktoyswillmakethemfeelmorecomfortable,moreappreciated,andmoreathomeintheiroffice.Inlargecorporations,itcanalsoshowpotentialcustomersorclientsthattheorganizationismadeupofindividualsratherthanbeingfaceless.However,toomanydisplayscandamageahealthyandseriousworkingenvironment.___19___Findingdesktoysforahardworkercanbefun,andthelargeselectionallowsformanytastes.Notalldesktoysarechildishinnature.___20___Choosedesktoystomatchthepersonalityoftheowners,buttakecaretoconsidertheirworkingenvironmentsandwhetherthetoysareappropriate.A.Thosetoysareusuallyinexpensiveandpopular.B.Anyonewhoworksinanofficeneedsadesktoy.C.Somedesktoysareactuallychildren’stoysforadults.D.However,thesetoysactuallyprovethecompleteopposite.E.Itusuallyconsistsofashallowwoodenboxfilledwithsand.F.Somanyofficesandworkplacesdisapproveoforforbidtheuseofthem.G.Infact,manycanaddtothebeautyandinterestingatmosphereofanoffice.【答案】16.A17.C18.E19.F20.G【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了桌面玩具給處于壓力中的上班族帶來放松的體驗(yàn)。【16題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Sotheycanbeeasilyavailableintoystoresandgiftstores,aswellasmanywebsites.(所以它們可以很容易地在玩具店和禮品店以及許多網(wǎng)站上買到)”可知，后文說所以他們?cè)谕婢叩?，禮品店和網(wǎng)站上很容易買到，前面應(yīng)該說原因，那些玩具既便宜又受歡迎。故A選項(xiàng)“這些玩具通常不貴，而且很受歡迎”符合語境，故選A。【17題詳解】根據(jù)后文“CheapandunfashionableitemslikeBarrelsofMonkeys,Mr.PotatoHeaddolls,orRubik’sCubeswhichkidslikeareoftengivenasdesktoys.Thesetoyscangiveyouasenseoffamiliarityandnostalgia(懷舊)andcanhelpreducestress.(像猴子桶、土豆頭先生娃娃或魔方這些孩子們喜歡的便宜而不流行的東西經(jīng)常被當(dāng)作桌上的玩具。這些玩具可以給你一種熟悉和懷舊的感覺，可以幫助你減輕壓力)”可知，桌面玩具實(shí)際是給成年人的兒童玩具，下文列舉了兒童喜歡的幾種玩具像猴子桶，土豆頭先生玩偶或魔方經(jīng)常作為桌面禮物被送出。故C選項(xiàng)“一些桌上玩具實(shí)際上是成人的兒童玩具”符合語境，故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“OneconsistentlypopularofficetoyistheZengarden.(一個(gè)一直很受歡迎的辦公室玩具是禪花園)”可知，前文提到一直受到歡迎的辦公室玩具禪花園，緊接著應(yīng)該介紹它是什么樣的玩具：通常由裝滿沙子的淺木盒組成。故E選項(xiàng)“它通常由一個(gè)裝滿沙子的淺木箱組成”符合語境，故選E。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Allowingworkerstohavefunitemssuchasdesktoyswillmakethemfeelmorecomfortable,moreappreciated,andmoreathomeintheiroffice.Inlargecorporations,itcanalsoshowpotentialcustomersorclientsthattheorganizationismadeupofindividualsratherthanbeingfaceless.However,toomanydisplayscandamageahealthyandseriousworkingenvironment.(允許員工擁有一些有趣的東西，比如桌上的玩具，會(huì)讓他們?cè)谵k公室里感覺更舒服、更受賞識(shí)、更自在。在大公司中，它還可以向潛在的顧客或客戶表明，這個(gè)組織是由個(gè)人組成的，而不是沒有面孔的。然而，太多的顯示器會(huì)破壞健康和嚴(yán)肅的工作環(huán)境)”可知，前文提到辦公室玩具有很多好處，但是太多的桌面玩具會(huì)損害我們健康嚴(yán)肅的辦公環(huán)境，所以很多辦公室和工作場(chǎng)所不同意或禁止使用它們。故F選項(xiàng)“許多辦公室和工作場(chǎng)所不贊成或禁止使用它們”符合語境，故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Findingdesktoysforahardworkercanbefun,andthelargeselectionallowsformanytastes.Notalldesktoysarechildishinnature.(為一個(gè)努力工作的人尋找桌上玩具可能很有趣，而且有很多選擇，可以滿足很多人的口味。并不是所有的桌上玩具都是孩子氣的)”可知，前文提到選擇桌面玩具很有趣，不是所有的桌面玩具本質(zhì)上都很幼稚，所以下文提到它們可以美化辦公室而且增加有趣的氛圍。故G選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，許多可以增加辦公室的美感和有趣的氣氛”符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)Myall-timefavoritemovieisCoolRunnings.ItisbasedonthetruestoryabouttheJamaicanbobsledteamwho___21___inthe1988CalgaryWinterOlympics.Afterthey___22___fortheOlympics,theygotthreeruns,onthree___23___days.Iamgoingtobreaktheserunsdownforyouand___24___themtoeverydaylife.BeforetheJamaican’sfirstrun,they___25___theSwissteam’sstyleand___26___.Theyweren’ttruetothemselves,andasaresult,thefirstrunwasa___27___.Afterpainful___28___andpeptalks(激勵(lì)的話),theteamwentbacktotheirroots.Theywere___29___tothemselvesandtheywere100%preparedforthesecondrun.Everythingclickedandtheymovedinto8thplace.Andthethirdonewaswhenthey____30____.Althoughtheywerewellprepared,____31____,thatshakyoldsledtheyusedcouldn’tstopandtheycrashed.Everyoneknowswhathappenednext.They____32____thesledandfinishedtherace.Therunsarewhatreallifeisabout.Sometimesyoucanbeprepared.Sometimesyoucangointoasituationorrelationshipwithallofthebest____33____intheworld.Butsomethingwillstillgo____34____.Thatislife.However,justlikethosefourJamaicans,youcangetupand____35____therace.21.A.succeeded B.founded C.competed D.prevented22.A.qualified B.wrapped C.recovered D.pressed23.A.inspiring B.separate C.complete D.special24.A.determine B.adapt C.impress D.compare25.A.observed B.replaced C.copied D.improved26.A.opportunity B.words C.comment D.technique27.A.disaster B.success C.tie D.memory28.A.complaints B.injuries C.reflection D.argument29.A.limited B.true C.familiar D.addicted30.A.crashed B.approached C.ignored D.abandoned31.A.eventually B.unfortunately C.surprisingly D.hopefully32.A.cameacross B.settleddown C.threwaway D.pickedup33.A.results B.intentions C.options D.effects34.A.powerful B.smooth C.wrong D.right35.A.finish B.start C.win D.deliver【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.C26.D27.A28.C29.B30.A31.B32.D33.B34.C35.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過牙買加雪橇隊(duì)參加1988年卡爾加里冬奧會(huì)的故事來告訴我們，就算你做好了準(zhǔn)備，帶著美好的意圖，但是事情還是會(huì)出錯(cuò)。生活有時(shí)就是不會(huì)盡如人意的，但是你可以像牙買加隊(duì)一樣，跌倒后再爬起來完成比賽?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它是根據(jù)牙買加雪橇隊(duì)參加1988年卡爾加里冬奧會(huì)的真實(shí)故事改編的。A.succeeded成功;B.founded建立;C.competed比賽;競爭;D.prevented阻止。根據(jù)后文“inthe1988CalgaryWinterOlympics”可知，牙買加雪橇隊(duì)參加了卡爾加里冬奧會(huì)比賽。短語competein表示“參加……比賽(競賽)”。故選C。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在取得奧運(yùn)會(huì)參賽資格后，他們?cè)谌齻€(gè)不同的日子里得到了三分。A.qualified取得資格;wrapped包;裹;C.recovered發(fā)現(xiàn);D.pressed壓;按。結(jié)合后文“fortheOlympics”和下文“theygotthreeruns”可知，取得了奧運(yùn)會(huì)參賽資格后參加比賽得分。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在取得奧運(yùn)會(huì)參賽資格后，他們?cè)谌齻€(gè)不同的日子里得到了三分。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的;B.separate不同的，分開的;C.complete完全的;D.special特別的。結(jié)合后文“BeforetheJamaican’sfirstrun”可知這三分是他們?cè)谌炖铽@得的。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我將為你分析這些數(shù)據(jù)，并將它們與日常生活相比較。A.determine決定;B.adapt適應(yīng);C.impress使印象深刻;D.compare比較。結(jié)合文章最后一段的“Therunsarewhatreallifeisabout.”可知作者最后將這次比賽與生活進(jìn)行了比較(compare)，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在牙買加隊(duì)第一次比賽之前，他們模仿了瑞士隊(duì)的風(fēng)格和技術(shù)。A.observed觀察;看到;B.replaced取代;C.copied模仿，復(fù)制;D.improved改進(jìn)。結(jié)合后文“theSwissteam’sstyle”和“Theyweren’ttruetothemselves”可知他們開始時(shí)模仿了瑞士隊(duì)的風(fēng)格。故選C。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在牙買加隊(duì)第一次比賽之前，他們模仿了瑞士隊(duì)的風(fēng)格和技術(shù)。A.opportunity機(jī)會(huì);.words話語;C.omment評(píng)論;D.techniques技術(shù)。根據(jù)語境可知，他們是在參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)，結(jié)合“theSwissteam’sstyle”可知，他們模仿了瑞士隊(duì)的風(fēng)格和技術(shù)。故選D。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們不忠于自己，結(jié)果，第一次比賽是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。A.disaster災(zāi)難;B.success成功;C.tie領(lǐng)帶;D.memory記憶。根據(jù)后文的“painful”可知，這次比賽輸了，是一次災(zāi)難(disaster)。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過痛苦的反思和鼓舞士氣的談話，這個(gè)隊(duì)回到了原點(diǎn)。A.complaints投訴;B.injuries傷害;C.reflection反思;D.argument爭吵。根據(jù)前文可知，第一次比賽他們模仿了瑞士隊(duì)，結(jié)果失敗了，結(jié)合下文“peptalks(激勵(lì)的話),theteamwentbacktotheirroots”可知，他們進(jìn)行了痛苦的反思(reflection)。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們忠于自己，為第二輪比賽做好了100%的準(zhǔn)備。A.limited有限的;B.true真實(shí)的;C.familiar熟悉的;D.addicted上癮的。根據(jù)上一段中“Theyweren’ttruetothemselves”可知，第二次比賽他們選擇忠于自己。短語betrueto“忠實(shí)于”。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第三次是他們摔倒的時(shí)候。A.crashed摔倒，墜毀;B.approached接近;C.ignored忽視;D.abandoned拋棄