Unit1FestivalsandCelebration重要題型專練-高一英語學(xué)與練（人教）

Unit1FestivalsandCelebration重要題型專練一、閱讀選擇LaborDayinAmericabeganmorethan100yearsagotohonorlowpaidfactoryworkers.LaborDayalsoinformallymarkstheendofsummer.ManystudentsreturntoschoolafterLaborDay.Thehotdaysofsummerturncooler.ManyAmericanscelebratetheholidaywithanoutdoorfamilypicnic.ButLaborDaystartedwithastruggle.OnMay1,1889,workersdemonstratedonthestreetsofParis,France.InternationalLaborDaywasborn.Mostindustrializedcountriesintheworld—excepttheUnitedStatesandCanada—celebrateLaborDayonthefirstofMay.OnSeptember5,1882,inNewYorkCity.About10,000workerswalkedthroughthestreetstoshowthestrengthoforganizedlabor.Formanyyearsafterthat,AmericanworkersusedthefirstMondayinSeptembertoaskforbetterworkingconditionsandpay.Musicwasapartofmanyofthosemarches.Laborsongstraditionallytellstoriesofconflict(沖突)andhopesforabetterlife.ManytraditionalAmericanlaborsongscamefromworkersinthecoalminesoftheSouth.Mineownerswerebitterlyagainstworkers’unions(工會).InKentucky,panypolicesearchedforunionleaders.Theywaitedoutsideaworker’shomeforseveraldaystostophimfromorganizing.Thecoalminer’swife,FlorenceReece,stayedinsidewithherchildren.Shewrotethissong,“WhichSideAreYouOn?”AnotherAmericanlaborsongiscalled“BreadandRoses.”ItisbasedonapoembyJamesOppenheim,publishedinDecemberof1911.Thepoemspeaksaboutthewomen’slabormovement.Atthattime,conditionsinfactories,wheremanywomenworked,werehorrible.AfireataclothingfactoryinNewYorkkilled146people.AmonthafterOppenheim’spoemwaspublished,textileworkersinLawrence,Massachusettswentonstrike,whichwonthemhigherpayandbetterworkingconditions.Oppenheim’spoemgainedmoreattention.1．WhatdoesLaborDaymeantostudentsintheUnitedStates?A．It’satimetoeatinthewild. B．Theirsummervacationisover.C．Itteachesthemtorespectlabor. D．Theylearnmuchabouthistory.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demonstrated”meaninparagraph3?A．Fought. B．United. C．Marched. D．Quarreled.3．Whydidthepanypolicewaitoutsideaworker’shome?A．Toforcehimtostayathome. B．Topreventhiswifewritingthesong.C．Totrytomunicatewithhim. D．Tostopmarchesbeingorganized.4．WhatdoweknowaboutOppenheim?A．Hecaredforworkingwomen’srights. B．Hecreatedthesong“BreadandRoses”.C．Hereportedthefireataclothingfactory. D．HeledthelabormovementinLawrence.【答案】1．B2．C3．D4．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了勞動節(jié)在美國的歷史。這個全國性的節(jié)日始于100多年前，是為了紀(jì)念低收入的工廠工人。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“LaborDayalsoinformallymarkstheendofsummer.ManystudentsreturntoschoolafterLaborDay.(勞動節(jié)也非正式地標(biāo)志著夏天的結(jié)束。許多學(xué)生在勞動節(jié)后返校)”可知，許多學(xué)生在夏末時的勞動節(jié)后返回學(xué)校，即勞動節(jié)的到來意味著學(xué)生們的暑假要結(jié)束了。故選B。2．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“ButLaborDaystartedwithastruggle.OnMay1,1889,workersdemonstratedonthestreetsofParis,France.InternationalLaborDaywasborn.(但勞動節(jié)始于一場斗爭。在1889年五月一日，工人們在法國巴黎的街道上demonstrated。國際勞動節(jié)就此誕生)”可知，這里介紹勞動節(jié)的誕生由來，工人們通過一種行為來斗爭，來獲取正當(dāng)權(quán)益，聯(lián)系下一段“OnSeptember5,1882,inNewYorkCity.About10,000workerswalkedthroughthestreetstoshowthestrengthoforganizedlabor.Formanyyearsafterthat,AmericanworkersusedthefirstMondayinSeptembertoaskforbetterworkingconditionsandpay.Musicwasapartofmanyofthosemarches.(在1882年九月五日的紐約城里。約10000名工人走過大街來展示工會的力量。在那之后的多年里，美國工人都在九月的第一個星期天要求更好的工作條件和薪資。音樂也是那些游行中的一部分)”的描述，顯然工人們是通過上街游行的方式來表達(dá)訴求，劃線詞與marched是同義詞。故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“InKentucky,panypolicesearchedforunionleaders.Theywaitedoutsideaworker’shomeforseveraldaystostophimfromorganizing.(在肯塔基，雇傭警察會尋找工會領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。他們在工人的家門外等了好幾天，以阻止他去組織游行)”可知，公司雇用的警察在工人的家門口等待，是為了阻止他組織游行，與D選項描述相符。故選D。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七、八段的內(nèi)容“Thepoemspeaksaboutthewomen’slabormovement.Atthattime,conditionsinfactories,wheremanywomenworked,werehorrible.AfireataclothingfactoryinNewYorkkilled146people.(這首詩歌講述了女性勞工的運動。在那時，有許多女性在其中工作的工廠情況都很糟糕。一家紐約的服裝廠發(fā)生大火，146人喪生)”和“AmonthafterOppenheim’spoemwaspublished,textileworkersinLawrence,Massachusettswentonstrike,whichwonthemhigherpayandbetterworkingconditions.Oppenheim’spoemgainedmoreattention.(Oppenheim的詩歌出版一個月后，馬薩諸塞州勞倫斯市的紡織工人舉行罷工，這為他們贏得了更高的工資和更好的工作條件。Oppenheim的詩也獲得了更多的關(guān)注)”可知，這首名為“面包和玫瑰”的美國勞工歌曲是根據(jù)Oppenheim1911年12月發(fā)表的一首詩改編的，主要講的是婦女的勞工運動，許多女性勞工在其鼓舞下，勇敢地奮起抗?fàn)幰誀幦≌?dāng)權(quán)益，這反映出Oppenheim是關(guān)心勞動婦女權(quán)利的。故選A。Now,EarthDayiscelebratedeveryyearonApril22.Aman,calledSenatorGaylordNelsonTake,wasdeterminedtochangethewaywetreatedourplanet.Hedidn’tstophisworkuntilhehadmadeadifference.In1963,SenatorGaylordNelsonwasn’thappywiththeearth’scondition.Hewantedtocleanuptheplanetandsolvepollutionandenvironmentalproblems.Asasenator,GaylordNelsonwassomeonechosenbyUScitizenstohelpmakelaws,sohehadalotofpower.HewenttoJohnF.Kennedy,thePresidentatthetime,withhisconcerns.ThePresidentagreedthattheplanet’senvironmentwasaseriousissue,soPresidentKennedywentaroundthecountryonafive-daytourtopromote(宣傳)theideaofcleaninguptheplanet.Peoplebeganmakingsmallchanges,butitwasn’tenough.Afewyearslater,SenatorNelsondecidedtoputonedayasideeveryyearforthecauseofsavingtheplanet.OnApril22,1970,thefirstEarthDaywascelebrated;20millionAmericandemonstrators(示威者)tookpartinEarthDayactivities.Sincethen,EarthDayhasbeeaninternationalholiday.Peopleallovertheworldaredoingsomethingtomaketheearthacleaner,betterplace.Todaymorethan500millionpeoplein164countriesparticipate(參與)inEarthDayfestivities!Then,whatcanyoudotomakeadifference?*Encourageyourfamilytorecycleonaregularbasis.Itisagoodwaytohelptheearth!*Switchtoenergy-efficientlightbulbsinyourhousetoreducetheeffectsofglobalwarming.*EveryglassbottleyourecyclesavesenoughenergytorunaTVforanhourandahalf,whilerecyclinganaluminum(鋁)bottlecansaveenoughenergytorunyourTVforthreehours!*Turnoutthelightswhenyouleavearoom—unlesssomeone’sstillthere!*Usere-useablecontainersforyourschoollunchesandsnacks.5．Whatdoesasenatorusuallydoaccordingtothepassage?A．Cleaninguptheplanet. B．Solvingpopulationproblems.C．Helpingmakelaws. D．TalkingtothePresident.6．ThefirstEarthDaywascelebrated________.A．inAmerica B．inBritainC．in164countries D．a(chǎn)crosstheworld7．HowlongcanyouusetheenergytorunaTVifyourecycleanaluminumbottle?A．Forahalfhour. B．Foranhour.C．Foranhourandahalf. D．Forthreehours.8．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Itwasin1963thatSenatorNelsoncameupwiththeideaofchoosingadayasEarthDay.B．JohnF.KennedyagreedtoputApril22asideeveryyearasEarthDay.C．PresidentKennedyagreedwithNelson’sideaofcleaninguptheplanet.D．Morethan500millionpeopletookpartinthefirstEarthDayactivities.【答案】5．C6．A7．D8．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了世界地球日的由來，以及我們可以為保護(hù)地球所做的事情。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Asasenator,GaylordNelsonwassomeonechosenbyUScitizenstohelpmakelaws,sohehadalotofpower.(作為一名參議員，蓋洛德·納爾遜是由美國公民選出來幫助制定法律的，所以他有很大的權(quán)力。)”可知，參議員通常會幫助制定法律。故選C項。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“OnApril22,1970,thefirstEarthDaywascelebrated;20millionAmericandemonstrators(示威者)tookpartinEarthDayactivities.(1970年4月22日，人們慶祝了第一個地球日；2000萬美國示威者參加了地球日活動。)”可知，第一個地球日是在美國慶祝的。故選A項。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一部分建議中的第三點“EveryglassbottleyourecyclesavesenoughenergytorunaTVforanhourandahalf,whilerecyclinganaluminum(鋁)bottlecansaveenoughenergytorunyourTVforthreehours!(你回收的每一個玻璃瓶節(jié)省的能量足以讓電視運行一個半小時，而回收一個鋁制瓶可以節(jié)省足夠的能量讓電視運行三個小時！)”可知，回收一個鋁制瓶節(jié)省的能量可以讓電視運行三小時。故選D項。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“HewenttoJohnF.Kennedy,thePresidentatthetime,withhisconcerns.ThePresidentagreedthattheplanet’senvironmentwasaseriousissue,soPresidentKennedywentaroundthecountryonafive-daytourtopromote(宣傳)theideaofcleaninguptheplanet.(他向當(dāng)時的總統(tǒng)約翰·肯尼迪表達(dá)了自己的擔(dān)憂。總統(tǒng)同意地球的環(huán)境是一個嚴(yán)重的問題，所以肯尼迪總統(tǒng)在全國進(jìn)行了為期五天的訪問，以促進(jìn)清潔地球的想法。)”可知，肯尼迪總統(tǒng)贊同納爾遜清潔地球的想法，進(jìn)行了全國訪問以推進(jìn)該想法，C項符合文意。故選C項。CincodeMayoisprobablytheholidaymostoftencelebratedthatnooneunderstands.Literally(根據(jù)字面意思)“FifthofMay”,CineodeMayoisaMexicanholidaycelebratingtheBattleofPuebla,whichtookplaceonMay5,1862.In1861,FrancesentabigarmytoinvadeMexico,astheywantedtocollectsomewardebts.TheFrencharmywasmuchlarger,bettertrainedandequippedthantheMexicansstrugglingtodefend(保衛(wèi))theroadtoMexicoCity.TheFrencharmyreachedPuebla,wheretheMexicanswonahugevictory.Thevictorywasshort-lived,astheFrencharmyregroupedandcontinued,andeventuallytookMexicoCity,butthejoyofanunlikelyvictoryagainstFranceisrememberedeveryMayfifth.MexicocelebratesitsindependenceonSeptember16,becauseitwasonthatdayin1810thatMiguelHidalgoinvitedhispeopletotakeuparmsandjoinhiminfightingagainstSpanishrulers.IndependenceDayisamuchmoreimportantholidayinMexico.Forsomereason,CincodeMayoiscelebratedmoreintheUnitedStatesofAmerica,byMexicansandAmericansalike,thanitisinMexico.OnetheoryforwhyitismorepopularintheUSAisthatatonetime,itwascelebratedinallofMexicoandbyMexicanslivinginformerMexicanareassuchasTexasandCalifornia.ItwasignoredinMexicoafterawhilebutstillcelebratedinthenorthoftheborder,whichnevergotoutofthehabitofrememberingthefamousbattle.InPueblaandinmanyAmericancitieswithlargeMexicanpopulations,thereareparades,dancingandfestivals.TraditionalMexicanfoodisoftenservedorsold.Mariachi(街頭音樂)bandsfilltownsquares,andalotofbeersareserved.It’safunholiday,reallymoreaboutcelebratingtheMexicanwayoflifethanaboutrememberingthebattlewhichhappened157yearsago.IntheUSA,schoolchildrendecoratetheirclassroomsandtrytheirhandatcookingsomebasicMexicanfood.Allovertheworld,Mexicanrestaurantsbringinmariachibandsandofferspecialsforwhat’salmostcertaintobeapackedhouse.9．WhydomoreAmericanscelebrateCincodeMayo?A．SomeAmericanareasoncebelongedtoMexico.B．AmericansareinfluencedbyMexicanculture.C．Mexicansdon’tformthehabitofhavingaholiday.D．ManyMexicansvalueIndependenceDay.10．HowcanschoolchildrencelebrateCincodeMayo?A．Byperformingmusicatrestaurants.B．BytryingmakingsomeMexicanfood.C．Byturningtheclassroomintoabattlefield.D．Byofferingspecialgiftstotheirteachers.11．BycelebratingCincodeMayo,peoplemainlyshow________.A．wherethehistoryishonoredmostB．whatspecialcustomstheyhaveC．howMexicansgainedindependenceD．whoshouldberememberedforever12．Accordingtothepassage,peoplecelebrateCincodeMayobecauseMexicans________.A．paidofftheirwardebtsB．succeededindefendingMexicoCityC．gainedindependencefromSpanishD．defeatedtheFrencharmyinPuebla【答案】9．A10．B11．B12．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了常常被慶祝的CineodeMayo（五月五日節(jié)）的歷史由來，受到更多歡迎的原因，以及人們慶祝這個節(jié)日的方式。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“OnetheoryforwhyitismorepopularintheUSAisthatatonetime,itwascelebratedinallofMexicoandbyMexicanslivinginformerMexicanareassuchasTexasandCalifornia.(為什么它在美國更受歡迎的一個理論是，有一段時間，整個墨西哥以及生活在德克薩斯州和加利福尼亞州等前墨西哥地區(qū)的墨西哥人都會慶祝這個節(jié)日。)”可知，更多的美國人慶祝CineodeMayo是因為美國的德克薩斯州和加利福尼亞州等地區(qū)之前屬于墨西哥，那里的墨西哥人會慶祝這個節(jié)日，即因為一些美國地區(qū)曾經(jīng)屬于墨西哥。故選A項。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“IntheUSA,schoolchildrendecoratetheirclassroomsandtrytheirhandatcookingsomebasicMexicanfood.(在美國，學(xué)生們裝飾他們的教室，并嘗試自己做一些基本的墨西哥食物。)”可知，學(xué)生們可以通過嘗試做一些墨西哥食物來慶祝這個節(jié)日。故選B項。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“It’safunholiday,reallymoreaboutcelebratingtheMexicanwayoflifethanaboutrememberingthebattlewhichhappened157yearsago.(這是一個有趣的節(jié)日，更多的是慶祝墨西哥人的生活方式，而不是紀(jì)念157年前發(fā)生的那場戰(zhàn)爭。)”可知，人們在這個節(jié)日更多的是慶祝墨西哥人的生活方式，也就是展示他們特殊的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。故選B項。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Literally(根據(jù)字面意思)“FifthofMay”,CineodeMayoisaMexicanholidaycelebratingtheBattleofPuebla,whichtookplaceonMay5,1862.(字面意思是“五月五日”，CineodeMayo是墨西哥的節(jié)日，慶祝1862年5月5日發(fā)生的普埃布拉戰(zhàn)役。)”和“TheFrencharmyreachedPuebla,wheretheMexicanswonahugevictory.Thevictorywasshort-lived,astheFrencharmyregroupedandcontinued,andeventuallytookMexicoCity,butthejoyofanunlikelyvictoryagainstFranceisrememberedeveryMayfifth.(法國軍隊到達(dá)了普埃布拉，墨西哥人在那里取得了巨大的勝利。這場勝利是短暫的，因為法國軍隊重新集結(jié)并繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，最終占領(lǐng)了墨西哥城，但每年的5月5日，人們都會記住這場對法國不太可能的勝利帶來的喜悅。)”可知，人們慶祝這個節(jié)日是因為墨西哥人曾在歷史上的這一天在普埃布拉擊敗了法國軍隊。故選D項。Everyyear,peopleallaroundtheworldetogethertocelebrateEarthDaywithlotsofdifferentactivities.EarthDayeventstypicallyhaveonethemeinmon:thedesiretoshowsupportforenvironmentalissuesandteachfuturegenerationsabouttheneedtoprotectourplanet.TheveryfirstEarthDaywascelebratedonApril22,1970.Theevent,whichsomeconsidertobethebirthoftheenvironmentalmovement,whenspringes,whileavoidingmostspringbreaksandfinalexams.Hehopedtocallforcollegeanduniversitystudentsforwhatheplannedasadayofenvironmentallearningandactivism.Participants(參與者)from2,000collegesanduniversities,primaryandsecondaryschools,andhundredsofmunitiesacrosstheUnitedStatesgottogetherintheirlocalmunitiestomarktheoccasionoftheveryfirstEarthDay.Almost20millionAmericansfilledthestreetsoftheirlocalmunitiesonthatfirstEarthDay.EarthDayisnowobservedin192countries,andcelebratedbybillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.EventscanbefoundeverywherefromtreeplantingactivitiesatyourlocalparktoonlineTwitterpartiesthatshareinformationaboutenvironmentalissues.In2011,28milliontreeswereplantedinAfghanistanbytheEarthDayNetwork.In2012,peoplerodebikesinBeijingtoraiseawarenessaboutclimatechangeandhelppeoplelearnwhattheycoulddotoprotecttheplanet.Howcanyougetinvolved?Thepossibilitiesareendless.Pickuptrashinyourneighborhood.Makeamitmenttoreduceyourfoodwasteorelectricityuse.Plantatree.Talktoyourfriendsandfamilyaboutenvironmentalissues.Thebestpart?MakeeverydayEarthDayandhelptomakethisplanetahealthyplaceforallofustoenjoy.13．FromwhomdidNelsonhopetogetsupportforhisplan?A．Teachers. B．Officials. C．Students. D．Researchers.14．WhichwordbestdescribesthefirstEarthDay?A．Worldwide. B．Successful.C．Unique. D．Messy.15．WhichaspectofEarthDayisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Itschallenge. B．Itsinspiration.C．Itshistory. D．Itsinfluence.16．WhatdoestheauthorexpectpeopletodoaboutEarthDayinthelastparagraph?A．Takespecificaction. B．Reflectonourbehavior.C．Contributegoodideas. D．Answersomequestions.【答案】13．C14．B15．D16．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了地球日的慶?；顒雍湍康?。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theevent,whichsomeconsidertobethebirthoftheenvironmentalmovement,whenspringes,whileavoidingmostspringbreaksandfinalexams.Hehopedtocallforcollegeanduniversitystudentsforwhatheplannedasadayofenvironmentallearningandactivism.(這一事件被一些人認(rèn)為是環(huán)保運動的誕生，在春天到來的時候，避免了大多數(shù)春假和期末考試。他希望號召大學(xué)生參加他計劃的環(huán)境學(xué)習(xí)和行動日。)”可知，他號召大學(xué)生參加他計劃的環(huán)境學(xué)習(xí)和行動日。故選C。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Almost20millionAmericansfilledthestreetsoftheirlocalmunitiesonthatfirstEarthDay.(在第一個地球日，近2000萬美國人擠滿了當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的街道。)”可知，第一個地球日是成功的。故選B。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“In2011,28milliontreeswereplantedinAfghanistanbytheEarthDayNetwork.In2012,peoplerodebikesinBeijingtoraiseawarenessaboutclimatechangeandhelppeoplelearnwhattheycoulddotoprotecttheplanet.(2011年，地球日網(wǎng)絡(luò)在阿富汗種植了2800萬棵樹。2012年，人們在北京騎自行車，以提高對氣候變化的認(rèn)識，并幫助人們了解他們可以做些什么來保護(hù)地球。)”可知，本段通過數(shù)字介紹了地球日產(chǎn)生的影響。故選D。16．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Howcanyougetinvolved?(如何參加呢？)”以及本段中“Pickuptrashinyourneighborhood.Makeamitmenttoreduceyourfoodwasteorelectricityuse.Plantatree.Talktoyourfriendsandfamilyaboutenvironmentalissues.(撿起你家附近的垃圾。承諾減少食物浪費和電力消耗。種一棵樹。和你的朋友和家人談?wù)劖h(huán)境問題。)”可知，本段是對如何參加地球日的問題進(jìn)行回答，指出從日常生活中的具體行動入手。故最后一段作者希望人們采取具體行動參與世界地球日。故選A。NewYearisatimetocelebrateforalmosteveryonearoundtheworld.InBritain,peoplegotopubstodancetheoldyearawayandtowelethenewoneatmidnight.Inrecentyears,streetpartieshavebeemorepopular.Hundredsoreventhousandsofpeoplegatherinsquares,mainstreetsorontheriverbankstolistentobandsplayingandtoseefireworksdisplay.Forpeoplewhostayathome,mostofthemwatchspecialandliveNewYearshowsonTVwiththehosts.Asthelastsecondsoftheoldyeararetickedawayfrom10to1,thebellsoftheNewYeararerung.InScotland,onNewYear’sEve,peoplevisittheirneighbors,drink,danceandgenerallyhaveagoodtime.Ifyou’reinvitedtoaScottishhome,youshouldbringsomeimportantthingswithyou:somecoal,shortbreadandwhisky.Thecoalshowswarmth,soyou’rewishingthatthepeopleyouvisitwillhaveenoughheatintheingyear.Theshortbreadrepresentsfood,soyou’rehopingthatthepeoplewillhaveenoughtoeatinthenewyear.SomeScotscallwhisky“thewateroflife”,sowhenyouhandoveryourbottletoyourhosts,itmeansyouwantthemtohaveenoughtodrinkoverthenext12months.There’sonemorekeytaskyoustillneedtoperformifyoucan.Thefirstpersontoknockonaneighbor’sdoorissupposedtobeatallandhandsomeman.Ifyouare,you’llbringgoodlucktothehousehold.Whatifthat’snotyou?Well,don’tringthebell.Waitawhileandtherightpersonwillturnupsoon!17．Whichdoesnotbelongtogatheringplaceswhenpeoplethrowstreetparties?A．Parks. B．Squares. C．Mainstreets. D．Riverbanks.18．WhatcanweinferabouttheNewYearinBritainaccordingtothefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Britishpeoplehatetheoldyear,sotheydanceitawayquickly.B．StreetconcertshavebeelesspopularonNewYear’sEve.C．BritishpeopleoftensetoffireworkstocelebratetheNewYear.D．PeopledonothingathomebutwaitforthebelloftheNewYear.19．WhydovisitorstakesomethingstoaScottishhomeonNewYear’sEve?A．Tooffersomefoodandwater. B．Tosendtheirloveywishes.C．Toshowrespectandrichness. D．Tohelpthosepoorfamilies.20．Whoistherightpersontoknockatthedoor?A．Amanwholistenstobandsplaying. B．Amanwhoistallandhandsome.C．Amanwhoperformsatstreetparties. D．Amanwhocarriesbreadandwhisky.【答案】17．A18．C19．B20．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了英國和蘇格蘭慶祝新年的一些方式和習(xí)俗。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inrecentyears,streetpartieshavebeemorepopular.Hundredsoreventhousandsofpeoplegatherinsquares,mainstreetsorontheriverbankstolistentobandsplayingandtoseefireworksdisplay.(近年來，街頭派對變得越來越流行。數(shù)百甚至數(shù)千人聚集在廣場、主要街道或河岸上，聽樂隊演奏，看煙花表演。)”可知，人們會在廣場、主要街道或河岸聚集舉行派對，不包括公園。故選A項。18．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hundredsoreventhousandsofpeoplegatherinsquares,mainstreetsorontheriverbankstolistentobandsplayingandtoseefireworksdisplay.(數(shù)百甚至數(shù)千人聚集在廣場、主要街道或河岸上，聽樂隊演奏，看煙花表演。)”可知，英國人會在新年到來之際欣賞煙花表演。由此推知，英國人經(jīng)常放煙花來慶祝新年。故選C項。19．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thecoalshowswarmth,soyou’rewishingthatthepeopleyouvisitwillhaveenoughheatintheingyear.Theshortbreadrepresentsfood,soyou’rehopingthatthepeoplewillhaveenoughtoeatinthenewyear.SomeScotscallwhisky“thewateroflife”,sowhenyouhandoveryourbottletoyourhosts,itmeansyouwantthemtohaveenoughtodrinkoverthenext12months.(煤炭表示溫暖，所以你希望你拜訪的人來年有足夠的熱量。黃油餅干代表食物，所以你希望人們在新的一年里有足夠的食物。一些蘇格蘭人稱威士忌為“生命之水”，所以當(dāng)你把一瓶威士忌遞給主人時，這意味著你希望他們在接下來的12個月里有足夠的酒喝。)”可知，新年前夜拜訪者去蘇格蘭家庭時帶的東西都有美好的寓意。由此可知，帶這些東西是為了送上美好的祝福。故選B項。20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thefirstpersontoknockonaneighbor’sdoorissupposedtobeatallandhandsomeman.(第一個去敲鄰居門的人應(yīng)該是一個又高又帥的男人。)”可知，一個又高又帥的男人是敲門的合適人選。故選B項。ArborDaytracesitsoriginstoNebraskaCity,Nebraska,in1872.JuliusSterlingMorton,whoservedasSecretaryoftheNebraskaTerritory,recognizedtheimportanceoftrees,especiallyinaplacelikeNebraska,whichwasalmostfreeoftreesatthetime.OnJanuary4,1872,MortonproposedtheideaofatreeplantingholidaytotheStateBoardofAgriculture.Theboardagreed,andthefirstArborDaywascelebratedonApril10,1872.MorethanonemilliontreeswereplantedinNebraskaonthatday.ThesuccessofthefirstArborDayledtoitsyearlyobservanceinNebraska,andotherstatesintheU.S.soonfollowedsuit.In1885,ArborDaywasdeclaredalegalholidayinNebraska,andApril22,Morton’sbirthday,waschosenastheofficialdate.TheideaofArborDayspreadrapidlyacrossthecountry.Bythe1920s,eachstateintheUnitedStateshadestablisheditsownArborDay.Presently,theyhavedifferentcelebrationdatesdependingonthebesttreeplantingseasonforeachregion.ArborDayhasbeeaninternationalevent.Today,manycountriesaroundtheworldcelebratetheirownArborDayorasimilartreeplantingholiday.Whilethecelebrationsindifferentcountriesvaryincustoms,allshareamongoal:topromotetheimportanceoftreesandencouragetheirplantingandpreservation.Inpresentdays,ArborDaycontinuestobeapowerfulreminderofourresponsibilitytocarefortheplanetandappreciatetheinvaluablerolethattreesplayinourlives.ArborDayhelpstoensurethatfuturegenerationscanenjoyagreener,healthierworld.Whetheryou’readiehardtreeloverorjuststartingtoappreciatetheirbeautyandimportance,takeamomenttoplantatree,orsimplygiveyourlocalleafyfriendahug.Theydeserveit!21．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThebirthofArborDay. B．ThedefinitionofArborDay.C．ThecelebrationofArborDay. D．ThesignificanceofArborDay.22．WhatcanbeknownaboutthecelebrationdateofArborDay?A．Itvariesbasedonlocalconditions.B．Itdidn’thaveanofficialdateuntil1920.C．Itwasfirstcelebratedonthecreator’sbirthday.D．ItwaschangedtoApril10byNebraskaStateBoard.23．WhatisthegoalofcelebratingArborDay?A．Tosharecustomsamongcountries. B．Tovaluetreesandplantmoretrees.C．Tofindoutexistedissuesontheplanet. D．Tohaveagoodknowledgeofplantdiversity.24．Whatdoesthewriterintendtodointhelastparagraph?A．Makeareminder. B．Callonanaction.C．Encourageadiscussion. D．Instructhowtomakechoices.【答案】21．A22．A23．B24．B【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了美國植樹節(jié)的由來，美國各州的植樹節(jié)的日子取決于該地區(qū)的最佳植樹季節(jié)，如今，許多國家也有了植樹節(jié)，大家的共同目標(biāo)是：宣傳樹木的重要性，鼓勵種植和保護(hù)樹木。闡述植樹節(jié)的意義之后，作者呼吁大家花點時間種棵樹，或者給樹一個擁抱。21．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ArborDaytracesitsoriginstoNebraskaCity,Nebraska,in1872.JuliusSterlingMorton,whoservedasSecretaryoftheNebraskaTerritory,recognizedtheimportanceoftrees,especiallyinaplacelikeNebraska,whichwasalmostfreeoftreesatthetime.OnJanuary4,1872,MortonproposedtheideaofatreeplantingholidaytotheStateBoardofAgriculture.Theboardagreed,andthefirstArborDaywascelebratedonApril10,1872.MorethanonemilliontreeswereplantedinNebraskaonthatday.(植樹節(jié)起源于1872年內(nèi)布拉斯加州的內(nèi)布拉斯加市。朱利葉斯·斯特林·莫頓曾擔(dān)任內(nèi)布拉斯加領(lǐng)土部長，他認(rèn)識到樹木的重要性，尤其是在內(nèi)布拉斯加這樣一個當(dāng)時幾乎沒有樹木的地方。1872年1月4日，莫頓向國家農(nóng)業(yè)委員會提出了植樹節(jié)的想法。委員會同意了，第一個植樹節(jié)于1872年4月10日慶祝。當(dāng)天內(nèi)布拉斯加州種植了100多萬棵樹)”可知，1872年，在朱利葉斯·斯特林·莫頓的提議下，在內(nèi)布拉斯加州，植樹節(jié)誕生了，因此第一段主要講述美國植樹節(jié)的誕生。故選A項。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Bythe1920s,eachstateintheUnitedStateshadestablisheditsownArborDay.Presently,theyhavedifferentcelebrationdatesdependingonthebesttreeplantingseasonforeachregion.(到了20世紀(jì)20年代，美國的每個州都設(shè)立了自己的植樹節(jié)。目前，他們有不同的慶祝日期，這取決于每個地區(qū)的最佳植樹季節(jié))”可知，每個州都根據(jù)自己的最佳植樹季節(jié)，設(shè)定自己的植樹節(jié)，即植樹節(jié)的日期根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)厍闆r的不同而不同。故選A項。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whilethecelebrationsindifferentcountriesvaryincustoms,allshareamongoal:topromotetheimportanceoftreesandencouragetheirplantingandpreservation.(雖然不同國家的慶?；顒恿?xí)俗各異，但都有一個共同的目標(biāo)：宣傳樹木的重要性，鼓勵種植和保護(hù)樹木)”可知，慶祝植樹節(jié)的目的是：珍惜樹木，多種樹。故選B項。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whetheryou’readiehardtreeloverorjuststartingtoappreciatetheirbeautyandimportance,takeamomenttoplantatree,orsimplygiveyourlocalleafyfriendahug.Theydeserveit!(無論你是一個頑固的樹木愛好者，還是剛剛開始欣賞它們的美麗和重要性，花點時間種一棵樹，或者只是給你當(dāng)?shù)氐木G葉朋友一個擁抱。它們值得！)”可知，作者呼吁大家行動起來，種上一棵樹，或者擁抱一下這些樹。故選B項。SantaClausissomeonewhowillremainintheheartsofchildrenforever.HeisthemakebelievepersonwhobringstoysandothergiftstochildrenatChristmas.Togrownups,heisaspecialsymbolofgoodwillandselflessgiving.SantaClausalsohasanothername—SaintNicholas.SaintNicholascamefromtheDutchwhosettledinNewYorklongago.TheDutchbelievedSaintNicholasgavegiftstochildren.TheyhonoredthiskindlySaintwithayearlyfestivalonDecembersixth.TheEnglishspeakingpeoplewholivednearbygreatlyenjoyedDutchfestivals.AndtheybroughttheSaintandthecustomofgivinggiftsintotheirowncelebrationatChristmastime.TheDutchspokethename“SaintNicholas”veryfast.Itsoundedlike“sinterklaas”.Andso,whentheEnglishsaidthisword,itsoundedlikeSantaClaus.ThepictureofSantaClauscamefromThomasNast.HewasanAmericanpainterborninBavaria.HepaintedpicturesforChristmaspoems.SomeoneaskedhimtopaintapictureofSantaClaus.NastrememberedwhenhewasalittleboyinsouthernGermany,everyChristmasafatoldmangavetoysandcakestothechildren.SowhenNastpaintedthepicture,hisSantaClauslookedlikethekindlyoldmanofhischildhood.Andthroughtheyears,Nast’spaintinghasremainedasthemostpopularpictureofSantaClaus.SantacanbeseenalmosteverywhereinlargeAmericancitiesduringtheChristmasseason.Somestandonstreetcornersaskingformoneytobuyfoodandgiftsfortheneedy.Othersarefoundinstoresandshoppingcenters.ItiseasytofindthembythelonglinesofchildrenwaitingtotellSantawhattheywantforChristmas.Ifonetookavoteamongchildrentolearnwhotheirfavoritepersonwas,thereisnoquestionwhowouldwin—SantaClaus.25．TheDutchhonoredSaintNicholasmainlyforhis.A．bravery B．kindnessC．honesty D．intelligence26．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A．ChristmaswasafestivalfirstcelebratedbytheDutchB．theEnglishwerethefirstpeopletosettleinNewYorkC．thestoryofSaintClauswasfirsttoldamongtheDutchD．theEnglishusedtoreceivegiftsfromtheDutchatChristmas27．WheredidThomasNastspendhischildhood?A．InNewYork. B．InGermany.C．InEngland. D．InBavaria.28．What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．ThetraditionofChristmas.B．ThepopularityofSantaClaus.C．Children’swishesforChristmas.D．BusinessactivitiesatChristmas.【答案】25．B26．C27．B28．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了圣誕老人的起源，以及圣誕老人很受人們歡迎。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheDutchbelievedSaintNicholasgavegiftstochildren.TheyhonoredthiskindlySaintwithayearlyfestivalonDecembersixth.(荷蘭人相信圣尼古拉斯會給孩子們禮物。他們在12月6日舉行了一年一度的節(jié)日來紀(jì)念這位善良的圣人。)”可知，荷蘭人紀(jì)念SaintNicholas主要是因為他很善良，故選B。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“SaintNicholascamefromtheDutchwhosettledinNewYorklongago.TheDutch