八下1-5單元重點及考點總結(jié)

八年級英語1-5單元考點及重點內(nèi)容總結(jié)Unit1What’sthematter?易考知識點：1.what’sthematter?/what’sthematterwithsb=what’swrongwithsb=what’sthetroublewithsb2.“疼痛”的表達方式：(1)haveasore+身體部位eg:Ihaveasoreleg.(2)havea+身體部位+acheeg:Maryhasatoothache.(3)身體部位+hurt(s)eg:Hishandhurtsbadly.(4)haveapainin/on+the+身體部位eg:Ihaveapaininthearm.(此用法和hitsbin/on/by+the+身體部位同，注意在此結(jié)構(gòu)中the不能用形容詞性物主代詞來替代)3.短語toomuch和muchtoo區(qū)別(1)toomuch的中心詞是much,用法與much同。①做形容詞，意思是“太多”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Youeattoomuchmeattoday.②做代詞，意思是：“太多（……）代替前面提到過的不可數(shù)名詞。I’msorryIhavetogonow.Ihavetoomuchtodoathome.③做副詞，修飾動詞（如talk,thank,walk,work等）放在這些詞的后面或者是放在這些詞的賓語的后面做狀語,意思是“過分，太”。Myparentsalwaysworryaboutmetoomuch.Youtalkedtoomuch.(2)muchtoo的中心詞是too,用法與too相同，用來修飾形容詞或者是副詞的原級。eg：Thecoatismuchtooexpensive.Ican’taffordit.Hewalkedmuchtoofast.Icouldn’tkeepupwithhimatall.4.enough用法(1)enough修飾形容詞要后置。oldenough(2)enough…to…結(jié)構(gòu)（和too…to…/so…that…結(jié)構(gòu)的互換）5.liedown(lie做“位于，躺”講時，過去時和過去分詞分別是：lay,lain;作“撒謊”講時時規(guī)則變化)6.seesbdoingsth(強調(diào)動作)Seesbdosth(強調(diào)過程)(watch,notice,lookat,hear,listento用法同see)7.expect用法(1)expecttodosth:eg:Maryexpectstogoabroad.(2)expectsbtodosth:eg:Parentsexpecttheirchildrentobesuccessfulinthefuture.(3)expect+that從句：eg：Iexpectthatshewillcomebacktomorrow.8.agree用法(1)agreetodosth同意去做某事：MaryagreetoclimbthemountainswithNancy.(2)agreewithsb同意某人的觀點：Iagreewithyou.(3)agree(withsb)onsth(和某人)就某事達成一致Iagreewithyouonthisproblem.9.(1)sbget(s)/gothit+介詞（on/in）+the+身體部位(注意：此處get為系動詞，所以get是名詞，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu))Marygothitintheshoulder.(2)hitsb+介詞（on/in）+the+身體部位（hit是動詞）Thestonehitmeonthehead.(注意：在這兩個句型結(jié)構(gòu)中the不能用形容詞性物主代詞來代替)10.反身代詞用法（代詞是中招必考內(nèi)容，一般考察點在反身代詞，形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞區(qū)分以及all/both;neither/either;none等代詞的區(qū)分）11.haveproblems/trouble/difficulty(in)doingsth有問題/麻煩/困難做某事類似用法還有：haveagreattime(in)doingsth/have(great)fun(in)doingsth.12.(1)be/getusedtodoingsth習慣于做某事(2)usedtodosth過去常常做某事13.sothat用法(1)so…that…引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，其中so是副詞，修飾形容詞或者是副詞，that后面加從句。其句型結(jié)構(gòu)主要有：①so+adj/adv+that從句MaryransofastthatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.②so+adj+a/an+n.+that從句Mysonissoyoungaboythathecan’tgotoschool.③somany/much/few/little+n.+that從句Katehadsomanyfallsthatshewasblackandblueallover.(2)such…that…“如此……以至于”，但such后面要用名詞。其句型結(jié)構(gòu)主要有：①such+a/an+名詞單數(shù)+that從句Maryissuchalovelygirlthatwealllikeher.②such+adj+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that從句Therearesuchdifficultquestionsthatnoonecananswerthem.③adj+不可數(shù)名詞+that從句Itwassuchterribleweatherthatwehadnothingtodo.(3)注意：so…that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時可以和such…that…進行互換，例如：Maryissolovelythatwealllikeherverymuch=Maryissuchalovelygirlthatwealllikeherverymuch.(4)sothat還可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，一般情況下從句中會有can,could,might等情態(tài)動詞,此時sothat通常和inorderto(后加短語)和inorderthat(后加句子)進行互換）Maryworkssohardthatshecouldkeepupwithotherstudents.=Maryworkssohardinorderthatshecouldkeepupwithotherstudents.=Maryworkssohardinordertokeepupwithotherstudents.14.合成形容詞的構(gòu)成及用法(1)構(gòu)成：數(shù)詞+名詞（單數(shù)）+形容詞，中間用連字符鏈接。three–meter–long/nine-year-old/100-meter-wide等。(2)用法：做前置定語Maryisanine-year-oldgirl.=Maryisnineyearsold.15.hurt用法(1).V.tocausephysicalpaintosb/yourself;toinjuresb/yourself使疼痛，受傷，過去式:hurt,過去分詞:hurt.eg:Maryhurtherselfwhenshewasplayingbasketball./Myleghurts.(2).形容詞：①injuredphysically(身體上)受傷的，Nopeoplewerehurt.②感情上受傷的，相當于upset.Shewasdeeplyhurtthatshewasnotinvited.16.掌握短語giveup/keepondoingsth/keepdoingsth/runout/runoutof17.了解定語從句內(nèi)容Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.短語cleanup,giveup,cheerup,fixup,giveaway,giveoff,workout等都是動詞+副詞構(gòu)成的短語，所以代詞做賓語時，要放在中間。ill和sick區(qū)別(注意：ill是表語形容詞，不能做定語)短語comeupwith提出好的注意，想法，觀點等（為中考?？純?nèi)容）lonely和alone區(qū)別wouldlike用法(1)wouldliketodosth(2)wouldlikesbtodosth6.takeafter(外貌或行為像)；相像=belike/besimilarto/looklike7.the+形容詞表示一類人，做主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。(形容詞有rich,poor;young,old;blind,deaf;disabled等)8.動詞imagine+doing9.because和becauseof區(qū)別(1)because是連詞，后加句子Ididn’tcometoschoolbecauseIwasill.(2)becauseof是短語，后加名詞或代詞。Ididn’tcometoschoolbecausemyillness.begoodatdoingsth/bebetteratdoingsthhavedifficultyindoingsth以及與此相關(guān)的短語begoodat/bebetterat擅長.......bestrongin...在......很強13.注意語法現(xiàn)象：(1)動詞不定時或動名詞（短語）做主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。TolearnEnglishwellisnecessary.(2)形式主語或形式賓語。(3)賓語從句Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?1.向別人發(fā)出邀請，請求或征求意見時，還有以下幾種常用表達。(1)Wouldyouliketo…(2)Howabout/whatabout…(3)ShallI/we…(4)MayIinviteyouto…(5)Couldyoupleasedosth2.need用法(1)need用做情態(tài)動詞(2)need用作實意動詞3.巧記只能跟動名詞做賓語的動詞完成、實踐、值得忙（finish,practice,beworth,bebusy）繼續(xù)、習慣、別放棄（keep,beusedto,giveup）考慮、建議、不禁想（consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike）喜歡、思念、要介意（enjoy,miss,mind）4.表示時間，距離，金額，度量等詞語做主語時，無論是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，通常被視為整體，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。Twohoursisenoughformetofinishmyhomework.5.neither用法(1)“neither+助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”表示主語的情況與前者相似。（主語也不那樣）neither,只用于否定句中。例如：Shecan’tswim.NeithercanMary.(2)“Neither…nor…“既不……也不……”經(jīng)常連接兩個對等的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。若連接主語時，謂語動詞要用就近原則。NeitherherfathernorMaryisinterestedinthisfilm.(3)“Neitherof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞”做主語時，通常視為單數(shù)，謂語動詞也要用單數(shù)形式。Neitherofthemunderstandsthemeeting.他們倆誰也不能理解這個意思。6.lend和borrow用法及區(qū)別7.spend/cost/take/pay用法及區(qū)別8.when,while“當……時候”(1)when,可以指較短的時間，也可以指一段時間。ItwassnowingwhenIgottothestation.(2)while常指一段較長的時間或是一個過程，強調(diào)主句動作與從句動作同時發(fā)生。WhileIwasreading,mymotherwaswashingtheclothes.9.the+比較級，the+比較級“越來越……”Themoreyousmile,thehappieryouwillfeel.10.注意語法:情態(tài)動詞表示推測的情況Unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?1.allowvt.允許，準許(1)allowsbtodosth,允許某人干某事。MyparentsallowmetowatchTVafterIfinishmyhomework.(2)allowdoingsth允許做某事，該結(jié)構(gòu)只能加名詞或動名詞做賓語，不能加動詞不定式做賓語。2.not…until用法3.find用法(1)findsbdoingsth“發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事”強調(diào)動作正在進行：Ifoundhimsleeping.(現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補)(2)findsbtodosth“發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做過某事”強調(diào)結(jié)果：Thepolicefoundthemantocomeinthatroom.(3)findsb/sth+形容詞/副詞“發(fā)現(xiàn)某人處于一種……狀態(tài)”強調(diào)狀態(tài)。Ifoundhimdishonest.(4)findsb/sth+介詞短語。強調(diào)狀態(tài)。Ifoundtheclothesoutofstyle.(5)findsth+doing“發(fā)現(xiàn)某物處于某種狀態(tài)”Ifoundaletterlyingonthefloor.4.whatever(1)引導(dǎo)賓語從句：Youcantakewhateveryoulike.(2)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句：WhateverIdo,Iwillneverforgettomakeacalltomyfather.(whatever=nomatterwhat)5.offer用法(1)offersbsth=offersthtosbHeofferedmeacupoftea.=Heofferedacupofteatome.(2)offertodosth主動提出做某事。Heofferedtolendmehisbike.(3)providesbwithsth=providesthforsb.Therestaurantprovidesthecustomerwithgoodservice.6.在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)前加the表示“一家人或夫妻兩個”所以如果做主語的話，謂語動詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。TheGreenswerewatchingTVwhenIcametovisitthem.7.comparevt.比較(1)compareAwithBeg:Comparethisbookwiththatoneandyou’llfindthatoneisbetterthanthisone.(2)compareAtoBeg:Thewritersalwayscomparetheyoungpeopletothesuninthemorning.8.(1)developing發(fā)展中的Chinaisadevelopingcountry.(2)developed發(fā)達的Americaisadevelopedcountry.9.keep用法(1).keep(on)doingsth“堅持做，繼續(xù)做”Wemustkeeponworkinghardinthecomingnewyear.(2)keepsbdoingsth“讓某人一直做某事”Theteacherkeepstheboyonstandingoutoftheclassroom.(3)keepsb/sthfromdoings