過去分詞作定語和表語2

GrammarGrammarpastparticipleusedastheattribute&thepredictive一、過去分詞作定語1、單個的過去分詞作定語時一般兼有被動和完成的意義。

eg：alostanimalausedstamp

aninjuredfingerabrokencoinalightedcandle一只迷路的動物一枚用過的郵票一個受傷的手指一枚破損的硬幣一支點燃的蠟燭

注意：過去分詞作定語時，有時只有被動意義。

e.g.：spokenEnglish

英語口語

writtenexercises書面練習(xí)少數(shù)表示位移或狀態(tài)改變的不及物動詞的過去分詞只有完成的意義fallenleaves落葉therisensun升起來的太陽areturnedstudent一名留學(xué)生

aretiredteacher一名退休教師anescapedprisoner一名逃跑的囚犯

2、過去分詞作后置定語，表示被動和／或完成意義。e.g.：HowIregrettedthehourswastedinthewoods!我多懊悔在樹林浪費的時光啊Ilikewearingclothesmadeofthiskindofcloth．我喜歡穿這種布料做的衣服。e.g.：ThebookswrittenbyLuXunarepopular．魯迅寫的書很受歡迎We’llgotovisitthebridgebuilthundredsofyearsago．

我們要去看那座建于幾百年前的橋。想一想什么時候用前置定語？什么時候用后置定語？單個的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞前過去分詞短語作定語要放在被修飾的名詞后面Practice:ChangethefollowingPastParticipleintoclauses.1）Thequestiondiscussedwasveryimportant.=Thequestion________________________wasveryimportant.

whichhadbeendiscussed注：本句中的過去分詞作定語，既表被動又表完成。2）TheUnitedStatesisadevelopedcountry.=TheUnitedStatedisacountry______________________.whichhasdeveloped注：本句中的過去分詞作定語，只表示完成。3）Haveyounoticedthebridgebeingbuiltthere?=Haveyounoticedthebridge______________________there?whichisbeingbuilt注：本句中的過去分詞作定語，表示被動的動作正在進(jìn)行。二、過去分詞作表語1、過去分詞作表語，表示主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài)，其前的系動詞有包括be在內(nèi)的多種形式。e.g.：Everyonepresentisveryinspiredathisspeech．聽了他的發(fā)言，在場的所有人都很振奮。

Youseemfrightened.

你似乎受了驚嚇。系動詞appear,be,become,fall,feel,get,go,grow,keep,look,prove,remain,rest,run,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn2、過去分詞作表語，構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別：過去分詞作表語，強調(diào)特點或狀態(tài)；而被動語態(tài)中，強調(diào)動作。

e.g.：Thisshopisnowclosed．這家商店現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)關(guān)門了。(狀態(tài))Thisshopisclosedat6pmeveryday．這家商店每天6點關(guān)門。(動作）

Practice:Completethesentencesusingthepastparticipleasthepredicative.1.丟了錢他自責(zé)不已。He______________aboutlosingthemoney.2、你為什么總是看上去很疲勞？這些日子睡得好嗎？Whydoyoualways_____________?Doyousleepwellthesedays?gotblamedlooksotired3.我對昨晚看的電影很失望。我原以為它能好些。I_____________________thefilmIsawlastnight,Ihadexpectedittobebetter.4.聽說那位明星死了，人人都很驚訝。Everybody____________tohearthedeathofthefamousfilmstar．wasdisappointedwithwasshocked5.要去動物園了，孩子們非常興奮。Thechildren______________________goingtothezoo．6.他的傷口感染了一種新病毒.Hiswound______________________anewvirus．a(chǎn)rereallyexcitedaboutbecame/wasinfectedwithLindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,______as3M.A.knowingB.knownC.beingknown

D.tobeknown高考鏈接B解析：答案B。此處考查過去分詞作后置定語，3M與know之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示被動。2.Thedisc,digitally________inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded高考鏈接A解析：答案A。此處考查過去分詞作后置定語，disc與record之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示。3.Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrases_______onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known高考鏈接D解析：答案D。know與words，expressions，phrases構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示被動。4.Theflowers_______sweetinthebotanicalgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt高考鏈接B解析：答案B。此處為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，修飾flowers。smell為系動詞，不能用于被動語態(tài)，相當(dāng)于which/thatsmellssweet。現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作定語的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞：主動，正在進(jìn)行過去分詞：被動和／或完成Thereare220childrenstudyingin

theartschool.Theexperiencegainedwillbeofgreatvaluetous.現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別V-ing形式表示“令人……的”V-ed形式表示“某人感到……的”Thestoryisinteresting.Iaminterestedinthestory.語法專練1.Chinais__________.adevelopedcountryacountrywhichwasdevelopingadevelopingcountryacountrywhichisdeveloped2.look!A______womanwascoming.A.beautifuldressedB.dressedbeautifulC.beautifullydressedD.dressedbeautifully

3.Mrsmith,_______ofthe______speech,startedtoreadanovel.tired;boringtiring;boredtired;boredtiring;boring4.Afterthefight,acaretakerfoundthatayoungman_______sohetelephonedforanambulanceimmediately.seriouslyinjuredwasinjuredseriouslywasseriousinjuredwasseriouslyinjured5.Itisbelievedthatifabookis_______,itwillsurely_______thereader.interested;interestinteresting;beinterestedinterested;beinterestinginteresting;interest6.Heheldthe______stickhighandwentoninthedarkcave.litlightedburnt

firing7.Wehadourp