江蘇省啟東市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題

2023～2024學(xué)年（上）高二期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)考生在答題前請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀本注意事項(xiàng)及各題答題要求：1．本試卷共10頁(yè)，包含聽力（共30分）、閱讀（共50分）、語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共30分）、寫作（共40分）四部分。本次考試滿分為150分，考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。2．答題前，請(qǐng)您務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考試號(hào)等用黑色0.5毫米簽字筆填寫在答題卡上。3．作答非選擇題必須用書寫黑色字跡的0.5毫米簽字筆寫在答題卡上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律無(wú)效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whichpartofthehousehasbeenrepaired?A．Thewalls. B．Theroof. C．Thedoors.2．What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Classmates. B．Teacherandstudent. C．Librarianandstudent.3．Whattimeisit?A．9:10. B．9:00. C．8:50.4．Whatproblemdoesthewomanhave?AShecan’treadmessages.BShecan’tfallasleepatnight.C．Sheisaddictedtoherphone.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirage. B．Theman’shairstyle. C．Thewoman’scolleagues.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Atschool. B．Atashop. C．Athome.7．Whatwilltheboydonext?A．Checkhisbike. B．Buyapen. C．Reviewhisnotes.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whyisthemansurprisedbythemeal?A．Itwasveryhot. B．Ittastedverygood. C．Itwasveryexpensive.9．HowmanytimeshasthewomanbeentoItaly?A．One. B．Two. C．Six.10．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A．BooktraveltoItaly. B．Gotoabarforadrink. C．GotoanItalianrestaurant.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Wherearethespeakersgoingnow?A．Toahotel. B．Toapark. C．Toamuseum.12．Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A．Theyarelocals. B．Theyaretourists. C．Theyareonabusinesstrip.13．Howdoesthewomanfeel?A．Tired. B．Upset. C．Hungry.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．Whywasthenewpieceoffurnituresocheap?A．Itwasverydirty. B．Allthelegswereweak. C．Thebackhadasmallproblem.15．Whatcoloristheoldsofa?A．Green. B．White. C．Yellow.16．Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman?A．Sheoftenmakesthingsdirty.B．Shedislikesthecolorwhite.C．Shealwaysfindscheapgoods.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiment?A．Tostopdiseasesspreading.B．Tokillthemalemosquitoes.C．Tointroduceanewmosquito.18．Whatweretheenvironmentalgroupsworriedabout?A．Toomanymosquitoeswilldie.B．Mosquitoesmayresistchemicals.C．Malemosquitoeswillbitehumans.19．Whatisknownaboutmosquitoes?A．Onlyfemalesspreaddisease.B．Themalesneedhumanblood.C．Thefemalesfeedonlyonplants.20．Whatcouldbenefitmostiftheexperimentissuccessful?A．Theenvironment. B．Theeconomy. C．Humanhealth.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyou’researchingforavacationspotthathitsbothyourfixforcitylifeandaccesstonature,Seattleistheperfectplacetovisit.LocatedinWashington,it’shometosomeofthemostbeautifulnaturallandscapesinthecountry.SpaceNeedleYou’llgettheopportunitytoclimbtoafewlevelsoftheobservationtowerandadmiretheimpressiveviewsoftheMississippiRiverandthemountains.You’llalsobeabletovisittheLoupeLoungetoenjoyacirclingglassfloorexperienceandseatonaSkyriser—anangledglassbenchontheopen-airobservationdeck.UndergroundHistoryTourThisone-hour,small-grouptourwilltakeyouintothefascinatingworldbeneathSeattle’sstreets.You’lltravelalongtheundergroundpathwaysconstructedoveracenturyagoandlearndetailsaboutSeattle’searlyhistoryfromyourknowledgeableguide.You’llhearstoriesoftheKlondikeGoldRush,SkidRowandthearea’soriginalinhabitants（居民）.SeattleHarborCruiseOnthisguidedcruise,you’llgetachancetoadmirethesweepingviewsoftheOlympicMountainsandlearnmoreaboutthehistoryofthecity.You’llheadtoPugetSoundtoseeavarietyofwildlifeintheinlandbodyofwater.Thecruisecomeswithafull-servicebaraboardwhereyoucanpurchasecocktails,localwine,beer,snacksandmuchmorewhilerelaxingonthetour.MuseumofFlightYoucanexplorethefascinatingexhibitsoftheMuseumofFlight.Inside,you’llfind175aircraftandspacecraft,thousandsofartefactsandrarephotographs.You’lllearnaboutthehistoryofflightfromhumblebeginningstothefighterplanesofWorldWarIandII.YoucanevenstepaboardaBoeingplanandviewaspaceshuttleintheAviationPavilion.21．Whichplacewillhelpyoulearnaboutspaceadventure?A．SpaceNeedle. B．UndergroundHistoryTour.CMuseumofFlight. D．SeattleHarborCruise.22．WhatcanvisitorsdoonSeattleHarborCruise?A．OverlookfromtheOlympicMountains. B．Enjoyvariouskindsoffoodanddrink.C．Seeavarietyofwildlifeindeepoceans. D．AdmiresplendidviewsoftheMississippi.23．Whatcanyougetinallthefourtouristspots?A．Mentalrelaxation. B．Historicalknowledge. C．Afreeguide. D．Aflyingexperience.BForCruz,whogrewupinPeru’smountainousregionofCuzco,fogrepresentsamassiveopportunity.Asaboy,hehadtohikeformorethananhoureverydayacrossroughhillstocollectwaterfromthenearestsource.Butovertime,herealizedthatduringtherainyseason,dropsofwaterwouldgatherinthelargeleavesofbananatrees.Oneday,heandhisfatherbuiltacanalsystemwiththeleavestocollectwater.HemovedtoLimaattheageof25.Shockedbythewatershortagesandexpensivewatersupplythatsomeofthecity’spoorestresidentsweresuffering,CruzsetupEIMovimientoPeruanossinAguain2005．Theideawastodeploythemethodhelearnedinhishometownonalarger,better-adaptedscale,whichwouldprovidefree,independentlysourcedandeasilyaccessiblewatertothosewhoneededitmost.Hebeganinstalling（安裝）atraditionalfogcatchermodeldevelopedinthe1980s.Thenonprofitprovidedthematerialsforfree,andthecommunitybuilttheinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）themselves.AtthehighestpointofLosTresMiradores,thereisacurioussetoflargestructuresthatislikeafleetofshipsinthesky.Theyareso-called“fogcatchers”.The40fogcatchersthereprovideenoughwaterfor180families,whethertobathe,clean,drink（afterbeingfilteredathome）ortoirrigatecropsonsmallgardenpatches.Supportersbelievethatfogcatchershavethepotentialtoimprovewatersupplyforcommunitiesaroundtheworldamidever-challengingconditions.GermanresearcherLummerichsays,“Theyarecheap,easytoconstruct.Inaworldsearchingforwatersupplysystems,itisoneimportantapproachthatcanmakeanessentialdifferencelocally.Itcouldmakethedifferencebetweenhavingwaterandnothavingwateravailable.”Therearesomeissues,however.Forone,fogcatchersrequirespace,whichisnotalwayseasytocomebyincities.Atthesametime,fogcatchersmustbeproperlycleanedandmaintainedtostayeffective.Mostcrucially,appropriateclimateconditionsarerequired.Fogisn’teverywhere.24．WhydidCruzsetupEIMovimientoPeruanossinAguain2005?A．Toraisemoneyforthepoorestresidents. B．Toconstructtheinfrastructureforthecity.C．Tobuildacanalsystemforhishometown. D．Toofferwatertopeoplewhoneeditbadly.25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deploy”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Employ. B．Abandon. C．Design. D．Explore.26．Whatistheproblemwithfogcatchersinurbanareas?A．Highexpenses. B．Publicopposition. C．Technicalfaults. D．Spacelimitation.27．Whichofthefollowingwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Apracticalapplicationoffogcatchersincities B．ThedevelopmentofaclimateorganizationC．Acreativemethodofimprovingwatersupply D．TheimportanceofinfrastructureconstructionCHowofteninyourbusylifewhenfacedwithanissueoraproblemdoyouconsidersubtraction（減法）?Everyday,withbigandsmallchallenges,weignoreabasicwaytomakethingsbetter.Wearegreatataddingtoour“todos”,butwedon’tconsider“stop-doings”.Wecollectnew-and-improvedideas,butdon’tdeletetheoutdatedones.Doyourresolutionsmoreoftenstartwith“Ishoulddomoreof…”thanwith“Ishoulddolessof…”?Doyouaddnewrulesinyourhouseholdorworkplacemoreoftenthanyoutakerulesaway?Inourstrivingtoimproveourlives,ourworkandoursociety,weoverwhelminglyadd.LeidyKlotz’sLegobridgetest,withtwosupporttowersofdifferingheights,foundthatalmosteveryoneaddedaLegobricktotheshortertower,ratherthanremovingabrickfromthelongertower.Thevalidsubtractionsolutionproducedastrongeroutcome.Whydoweignoretheoptiontosubtractfromwhatisalreadythere?Whydowefailtousesubtractionasawaytochangethings?Firstly,behaviouralsciencesuggeststhatourbrainsarewiredtoignoresubtraction.Initialstudiesshowthatourmentalshortcutshaveapreferenceforaddingwhensolvingproblem.Wearetrickedbyourmindset.Further,wehaveatendencytothinkadditionorsubtraction;however,theycanbecomplementary（互補(bǔ)的）waystomakechanges.Soweignoresubtractionbecauseitisoftenhardertothinkof.Moreover,evenwhenwedomanagetothinkofit,subtractingcanbehardertoperform.Inchemistry,valency（化合價(jià)）referstoanelementalforcethatisnotnecessarilyvisiblebuthelpsexplaintheelements’behaviour.Psychologicalvalencyistheinnerattractivenessorstrongdislikeofsomething.Thereisanegativevalencyaroundsubtracting.Eventhewordsubtractionhasanegativevalency.Subtractionistheactofgettingtolessbutitisnotthesameasdoingless.Gettingtolessoftenmeansdoing,oratleastthinking,more.InyourpursuitofsuccessandhappinessIencourageyoutoovercomethetendencytoignoresubtraction.Subtractingcanbedelightful!28．Whatdopeopleusuallydowhenfacedwithproblemsinlife?A．Adoptsubtraction. B．Stopdoingthings.C．Addnewrules. D．Abandonoutdatedideas.29．Howdidtheauthorprovehisviewpoint?A．Bycomparingexamples. B．Byconducingasurvey.C．Byanalyzingstatistics. D．Bycitingatypicaltest.30．Whatcausespeopletoignoretheoptionofsubtraction?A．Initialfixedmindset. B．Resistancetochange.C．Flexiblementaldesire. D．Expectationforsuccess.31．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A．Statepossiblereasons. B．Offervaluableadvice.C．Givesomewarnings. D．Provideusefulproof.DUnderwatertravelisdifficultanddangerous,butmanypeoplehavereasonstostaydeepundertheocean.Soldiersinsubmarinestravellongdistancesunderwater.Companieslookingforoilandotherresourcesstayunderwater,too.Humanshavecomeupwithafewdesignsofvehiclestomovearoundundertheocean.Butwhatiftherewasabetterwaytotravel?HilaryBart-Smith,anengineerattheUniversityofVirginia,thinksavehiclethattravelslikeamantaraywouldbeabletooperateforlongperiodsatseaasifitwerealivingorganism.Mantarays,atypeofcartilaginous（軟骨的）fish,cangrowupto29feetlong,whicharefoundthroughouttheworldintropical,subtropical,andtemperatewaters.Mantaraysaresomeofthemostefficientswimmersintheocean.Differentfromanimalsandpeoplepushingagainstwaterinordertoswim,themantarayswimsbymovingthroughthewaterwithwing-likemovementsoftheirfins（鰭）.Efficiencymeansusinglessenergytomovefartherandcausinglesspollution.Bart-SmithandotherengineersattheUniversityofVirginiahadtofindoutwhatmantarayslookedlikeontheinsidetobetterunderstandhowtheymove.Theytookx-raystofindouthowamantaray’sfinsarebuilt.Theyfoundthatawebofcartilage,whichisthesamekindofmaterialthatyourearsandnosearemadefrom,stretchesacrosseachfin.Oncetheengineersknewhowamantaray’sfinwasconstructed,theycouldbuildoneoftheirown.Theymadealongrowofmetalstrutswithmanyhingestoimitatethemantaray’swebofcartilage,actinglikeyourfinger,whichcanbendasonelongline,orbendinmanyplacestomakeacurve.Theengineersputtheirdesigninsideaflexiblecover,shapedlikeamantaray’sfin.Thentheytesteditintheuniversityswimmingpool.Theywerehappytoseethatitswamjustlikeamantarayintheocean.Engineersandscientistsarestilllearningandexperimentingwithhowtoimitatetheseamazinganimals.Perhapssomedayengineerswillbeabletobuildmantarayrobotsthatarebigenoughtotransportpeople.Fornow,engineersstudytheirmovementandlearnfromthemostefficientswimmersintheocean.32．Whydoestheauthorraiseaquestioninthefirstparagraph?A．Toleadtothemaintopic. B．Toaskforacorrectanswer.C．Tosuggestexploringthesea. D．Tosummarizepeople’sviews.33．Whatcanwelearnaboutamantaray?AItcangrowatleast29feetlong. B．Itswimswithmuchlessenergy.C．Itcaninhabitallkindsofwaters. D．Itswimsbypushingagainstwater.34．Whatcanweinferfromtheresearch?A．Theengineersfailedtobuildamantaray’sfin. B．Artificial“mantarays”remaintobeimproved.C．Theexperimentswerecarriedoutintheocean. D．Vehicleslikemantarayshavebeenputintouse.35．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheproject?A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Negative. D．Optimistic.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thejourneytowardsself-improvementandpersonalsuccessisoftenpavedwithchallengesandobstacles.36Thepowerofmindsetextendsbeyondmerepositivethinking.Itshapesyourattitudesandactions,therebyshapingyourdestiny.Mindsetrestsonafundamentalprinciple:yourinnerbeliefsandthoughtscanformyourreality.37Itisalsoabouthowanoptimisticmindsetfosters（培養(yǎng)）improveddecision-making,heightenedproblem-solvingabilities,andstrongerresilienceagainstchallenges.Factorsliketalentandhardworkareoftenhighlightedinprofessionalsuccess.38Consideraphysicaltherapist,whomayencounterlimitationsintheireffectivenessduetoanegativeorfixedmindsetdespitepossessingthenecessaryskillsandknowledge.Thissituationunderlineshowagrowthmindsetisessential.39Itisagame-changerinpersonalandprofessionaldevelopment.Itiscenteredaroundthebeliefthatabilitiesandintelligencearenotfixedtraitsbutcanbecultivatedthrougheffort,learning,andperseverance.Tomakefulluseofthepotentialofyourmindset,itiscrucialtoconfrontandovercomelimitingbeliefs.Youmayneverrealizeit.40A．Thisisn’tmerelyhopefulthinking.B．Effortandabilitycanequalapositivemindset.C．Thegrowthmindsetmeanscontinuousimprovement.D．Infact,mindsetemergesasanequallycriticalelement.E．Suchbeliefscanactasinvisiblebarrierstoyoursuccess.F．Mindsetplaysanimportantroleinbuildinggoodrelationship.G．However,acrucialelementthatinfluencesthisjourneyisthemindset.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)?！癐’vemetanoldlady,”Ieagerlytoldmyparentsononeofourdailyphone.Ivolunteeredtostartaknittingclubatacarehomeforthe41innorthLondon.Ididn’trealizeitwouldbethestartofaclose42,whereourages43sharply.Fromthebeginning,IneverfeltthatEdithandIlacked44.IwasamazedthatEdith,at110,couldtalkwithmeaboutanything,andthather45stretchedbacksoeasily,46evensmallthingsthattookplace100yearsago.WhenIfirstmetEdith,Iwas47byherintelligenceandvitality.Herdoctor’sdegreefromtheUniversityofViennatoldmeaboutthis.Asachild,shelovedtoskateonthelakeinwinters,butinherlateryearssheadoredthesummer,48herphysicalconditions.Althoughfromhernineties,shewas49toawheelchair,sheparticipatedintheexerciseclasses.OvertheyearsofvisitingEdith,IunderstoodhowEdithvaluedthe50ofpeopleaboveeverythingelseandmaterialpossessions,whichwasareminderofhowweshould51ourlives.Deathat111isnotunexpected,butIstillfeelthatsomethingis52frommylife.Ifeelveryfortunatetohaveformedsucha53bondwitharemarkablelady,fromwhomIlearntotakethewordsof54.Iappreciatenothingmorethantheopportunitytoregainnew55intolife.41．A．lonely B．elderly C．disabled D．deserted42．A．friendship B．cooperation C．encounter D．competition43．A．switched B．contracted C．contrasted D．identified44．A．a(chǎn)daptation B．commitment C．conversation D．a(chǎn)ttention45．A．memory B．organ C．a(chǎn)nxiety D．manner46．A．explaining B．recalling C．forgetting D．expecting47．A．confused B．urged C．denied D．struck48．A．callingon B．a(chǎn)llowingfor C．sortingout D．beatingdown49．A．devoted B．a(chǎn)dmitted C．restricted D．a(chǎn)ddicted50．A．company B．discipline C．resolution D．departure51．A．follow B．tackle C．restore D．engage52．A．a(chǎn)rising B．ranging C．missing D．suffering53．A．racial B．diverse C．visible D．special54．A．complaint B．praise C．gratitude D．wisdom55．A．insights B．comparison C．investment D．remarks第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Forthoselookingtoescapetheconcretejungle,maybeit’stimetodiveintothebambooforestsofsouthernSichuan.AnaturalforestthatpeopleinSichuanprovincetend56（visit）istheSouthernSichuanBambooSeainYibin.The120-square-kilometerBambooSeaisthe57（large）bambooparkinChinaanditsaveragetemperatureseldomdropsbelowzerodegreesCelsiusinwinter58manypartsofthecountryarecoveredwithsnowandiceKnownasoneofthecountry’s10mostbeautifulforests.it59（be）apopulartouristattractionsincetheOscar-winningCrouchingTigerHiddenDragon60（short）,therein2001.Twoyearslater,thebambooforestreceivedworld-wide61（recognize）asabambooreserveinDecember2003,62（become）thefourthtourismdestinationinChinatobegrantedGreenGlobe21certification.TheBambooSeacoversChangningandJiang’an,twocounties63theauthorityofYibin.Amazedatitsvastexpanse,HuangTingjian,64poetfromtheSongDynasty,describeditas“bamboowaves”.AsHuangwasan65（influence）manofletters,hisdescriptiongaverisetotheforest’spopularnickname—theBambooSea.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)；滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）66．假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)筆友Alan打算今年春節(jié)與父母一起來(lái)中國(guó)旅游，想聽聽你的建議，請(qǐng)給Alan寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包