們在上發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有鄰居說明種情況手動配置如下路由模塊network type

R2和R3的基R2和R3的基本interfaceipaddress2.2.2.2!interfaceipaddress12.1.1.2255.255.255.0encapsulationframe-relayserialrestart-delayframe-relaymapip12.1.1.3101broadcastnoframe-relayinverse-arp!routerospfrouter-idnetwork2.2.2.00.0.0.255area0network12.1.1.00.0.0.255areainterfaceinterfaceipaddress3.3.3.3!interfaceipaddress12.1.1.3255.255.255.0encapsulationframe-relayserialrestart-delayframe-relaymapip12.1.1.2102broadcastnoframe-relayinverse-arp!routerospfrouter-idnetwork3.3.3.00.0.0.255area0network12.1.1.00.0.0.255areaType1Non_Broadcast（默認(rèn)我們在R2上showipospfneighbor，發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有鄰居。說明在這種情R2(config)#routerospfR3(config)#routerospfR3(config- 此時在R2上查看鄰居R2#sho此時在R2上查看鄰居R2#shoipospfDead1發(fā)現(xiàn)鄰居已經(jīng)形成并且有DR與BDR在R2上查R2#showipospfinterfaceSerial1/0isup,lineprotocolisupInternetAddress12.1.1.2/24,AreaProcessID10,RouterID2.2.2.2,NetworkTypeNON_BROADCAST,Cost:64TransmitDelayis1sec,StateBDR,PriorityDesignatedRouter(ID)3.3.3.3,Interfaceaddress12.1.1.3BackupDesignatedrouter(ID)2.2.2.2,InterfaceaddressFlushtimerforoldDRLSAdueinRetransmit在這種網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型中，hello的間隔是30s打開debug信息，我們可以看到在這種網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型中，OSPF的數(shù)據(jù)包是單播傳送的。*Aug1414:52:52.819:OSPF:Sendhelloto12.1.1.3area0Serial1/0fromSerial1/0from*Aug1414:52:57.087:OSPF:Rcvhellofrom3.3.3.3area0Serial1/0*Aug1414:52:57.091:OSPF:Endofhello 首先去掉剛才手動配置的鄰居關(guān)R2(config)#routerospfR3(config)#routerospfR2(config-router)#ints1/0R2(config-if)#ipospfnetworkbroadcastR3(config-router)#ints1/1R3(config-if)#ipospfnetwork一會我們就看到了如下*Aug1414:59:52.823:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process10,2.2.2.2onSerial1/1fromLOADINGtoFULL,Loading這說明了在這種網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型下是不需要手動配置鄰居關(guān)系R2#showipospfDead1Dead1有DR與BDR的選舉R2#shoipospfSerial1/0isup,lineprotocolisupInternetAddress12.1.1.2/24,Area0ProcessID10,RouterID2.2.2.2,NetworkTypeBROADCAST,Cost:64TransmitDelayis1sec,StateBDR,PriorityDesignatedRouter(ID)3.3.3.3,Interfaceaddress12.1.1.3BackupDesignatedrouter(ID)2.2.2.2,InterfaceaddressRetransmit*Aug1415:02:20.443:OSPF:Sendhelloto224.0.0.5area0Serial1/0from*Aug1415:02:20.959:OSPF:Rcvhellofrom3.3.3.3area0Serial1/0*Aug1415:02:20.963:OSPF:Endofhello使用224.0.0.5這個組播地址傳送數(shù)據(jù)包 Point-to-R2(config-if)#ipospfnetpoint-to-pointR3(config-if)#ipospfnetpoint-to-pointR3(config-*Aug1415:06:07.559:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process10,2.2.2.2onSerial1/1fromLOADINGtoFULL,Loading說明這種網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型也不需要手動指定R2#shoipospfDead 0-沒有DR/BDR的選R2#shipospfSerial1/0isup,lineprotocolisupInternetAddress12.1.1.2/24,Area0ProcessID10,RouterID2.2.2.2,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_POINT,Cost:64TransmitDelayis1sec,StateRetransmit5*Aug1415:08:25.311:OSPF:Sendhelloto*Aug1415:08:25.311:OSPF:Sendhelloto224.0.0.5area0*Aug1415:08:30.259:OSPF:Rcvhellofrom3.3.3.3area0Serial1/0*Aug1415:08:30.263:OSPF:Endofhello同樣也是使用224.0.0.5這個組播地址傳送 Point-to-將接口改為Point-to-R2(config-if)#ipospfnetworkpoint-to-multipointR3(config-if)#ipospfnetworkpoint-to-multipoint*Aug1415:10:51.739:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process10,2.2.2.2onSerial1/1fromLOADINGtoFULL,Loading同樣也不需要手動指定R2#shoipospfDead 0-沒有DR和BDRR2#shoipospfSerial1/0isup,lineprotocolisInternetAddressInternetAddress12.1.1.2/24,AreaProcessID10,RouterID2.2.2.2,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_MULTIPOINT,Cost:64TransmitDelayis1sec,StatePOINT_TO_MULTIPOINT,Timerintervalsconfigured,Hello30,Dead120,Wait120,Retransmit*Aug1415:12:49.759:OSPF:Sendhelloto224.0.0.5area0*Aug1415:12:57.443:OSPF:Rcvhellofrom3.3.3.3area0Serial1/0*Aug1415:12:57.447:OSPF:Endofhello以224.0.0.5這個組播地址發(fā) Point-to-R2(config-if)#ipospfnetworkpoint-to-multipointnon-R3(config-if)#ipospfnetworkpoint-to-multipointnon-這個時候鄰居沒有被自動發(fā)現(xiàn)。我們在R2上手動指R2(config-if)#routerospfR2(config- R2(config-*Aug1415:18:38.955:R2(config- R2(config-*Aug1415:18:38.955:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process10,3.3.3.3onSerial1/0fromLOADINGtoFULL,LoadingDoneR2#shoipospfDead 0-同樣沒有DR和BDR的選R2#shoipospfSerial1/0isup,lineprotocolisupInternetAddress12.1.1.2/24,Area0ProcessID10,RouterID2.2.2.2,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_MULTIPOINT,Cost:64TransmitDelayis1sec,StatePOINT_TO_MULTIPOINT,Timerintervalsconfigured,Hello30,Dead120,Wait120,R