山東省名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高二上學期教學質(zhì)量檢測聯(lián)合調(diào)考英語試題(解析版)

PAGEPAGE1山東省名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高二上學期教學質(zhì)量檢測聯(lián)合調(diào)考英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AThisIsHowYouWalktheWalkPeoplecallwalkingthe“perfectexercise”.Itgetsyourheartpumping,clearsyourheadandfillsyourlungswithfreshair.Notbad,butwefoundawaytomakeitevenbetter.Beforeyoutakeyournext10,000steps,addalittlestucktoyourstroll.TakeaStawerwalkingstickanywhereandIpromisethatyou’llfeellikeaconqueringhero.Itspowerswillastonishyou.What’sthesecret?OurStawerwalkingsticksareatipofthetophattoturn-of-the-centurytradition.Today,seriouscollectorsgladlypaythousandsforrareandhandcraftedsticksfromthe19thcentury.ButonlyStawerwalkingstickscandeliveramodernversionoftheseclassicsthatlooksandfeelsasgoodastheoriginalforonly$59each!Details·36incheslong.ImportedEucalyptuswood.·Solidbrasshandleswithvaryingfinishes.·Rubbertips.Supportsupto250pounds.·Allmodelsavailablein40inchesheight.Yoursatisfaction100%guaranteedExperiencethecomfortandeleganceofourdelicatewalkingsticksfor30days.Ifyou’renotfeelingthepower,simplysenditbackwithin30daysforarefund(退款)oftheitemprice.Stillhesitate?Corneandcheckouttherealusers’reviews!PraiseforStawerwalkingsticks“Anexcellentwalkingstick.Solidandelegant.Perfectforanightout.Wellcrafted.”MrJacob/fromPacificGrove,CALimitedEditionOnly500eachavailableonly!Thesehandcraftedbeautiestakemonthstocraftandarerunning(notwalking)outthedoor.So,takeastepintherightdirection.Calltoday!1.WhichisunrelatedtoMrJacob’sreviewabouttheStawerwalkingstick?A.Itsfirmness. B.Itscraftsmanship.C.Itscheapness. D.Itspracticality.2.Whatareweadvisedtodobeforebuyingthestick?A.Prepareenoughmoney. B.Checkreviewsfirst.C.Applyforadiscount. D.Buyassoonaspossible.3.Wherecanwereadthetext?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Abusinessmagazine. C.Aproductsurvey. D.Aninstructionbook.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一款精美的手杖?！即鸢浮?.C2.D3.B1．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。文章倒數(shù)第五行講到“Anexcellentwalkingstick.Solidandelegant.Perfectforanightout.Wellcrafted(一根極好的手杖。扎實優(yōu)雅。非常適合晚上外出。制作精良)”可知，與雅各布先生關(guān)于斯塔爾手杖的評論無關(guān)的是它的廉價。故選C。2．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。文章最后LimitedEdition段講到“Only500eachavailableonly!Thesehandcraftedbeautiestakemonthstocraftandarerunning(notwalking)outthedoor.So,takeastepintherightdirection.Calltoday!(每個僅限500個！這些手工制作的好物需要幾個月的時間才能制作出來，她們正在跑（而不是走）出門。所以，朝著正確的方向邁出一步。今天打電話！)”可知，建議我們盡早購買。故選D。3．〖解析〗推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了一款精美的手杖。文章最后一段講到“So,takeastepintherightdirection.Calltoday!(所以，朝著正確的方向邁出一步。今天打電話！)”可知，文章主要介紹了一款精美的手杖。由此推知，文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在商業(yè)雜志上。故選B。BItwas1963intheTorontosuburb.Iwaseightyearsoldandhockey(冰球)-crazy.Mynext-to-zeroskillshadnotstoppedmypassionforthegame.TheplayersofthegreathockeyclubTorontoMapleLeafswereofcoursemyheroes,andtheirpostersandphotoscoveredthewallsofmyroom.Thereisalwayssomepricetopayformaintainingalove.Iraisedfundsinanold-fashionedway,sellingsomethingthepubliccouldactuallysinktheirteethinto.Ijoinedthelocalannualevent—Margaret’sDoughnuts(甜甜圈)toselldoughnuts,whichofferedchoicesofhoney-glazedorchocolate-glazed.Door-to-doorIwent,notebookinhandtorecord.Isolddozensofdozens;hardlyasoulturnedmedown.Mynotebookwasalmostfull,andmystomachwasalmostemptywhenIwentupthelasthouseonthesouthside.Irangthedoorbellandwentovermyspeechwhilestaringatthescreendoor.Suddenly,thedooropened.Myunforgettablememorywaslookingupfromalargepairoffuzzyslippers,wayup,tothefacestaringdown.Istoodtherespeechlessforwhatseemed10years,openingandclosingmymouthlikeafishoutofwater.Collectingmycalmness,butstillunabletogointodoughnut-promotingoverdrive,Itoldhimsomethingheseemedhavealreadyknownandherepliedwithanodandasmile.Ihaveanunclearmemoryofmurmuringthroughmyspeech“Please-buy-some-doughnuts”,andthenavividmemoryofhimtakingthenotebookfrommyhand.Ifollowedwithnewinformation—thatwesharedourgivenname.Withpridefromourfirst-name-basisfarewells,Iflewhomeholdingthenotebooktightlytomychest.Thenextmorningbeforetheschoolbell,Icautiouslyshowedoffthepreciouspaper.Itissurelyminealonetoclaim:IsoldadozendoughnutstoTimHorton,oneofmymostrespectedplayerswholivedamerethreeblocksaway!4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor?A.Heobtainedpostersandphotosfromastarteam.B.HejoinedTorontoMapleLeafsasayoungchild.C.Hewasnotmuchofanexperiencedhockeyplayer.D.Hisloveforhockeywasinfluencedbyastarteam.5.Whydidtheauthorselldoughnuts?A.Tofollowthefashion. B.Torespondtoanevent.C.Totastemoreflavors. D.Topursuehishobby.6.Whathappenedtotheauthorwhenhemettheownerofthelasthouse?A.Hewassospeechlesswithastonishment. B.Hewaslookeddownuponbytheowner.C.Hewasscaredbytheowner’sappearance. D.Heforgothisspeechforsellingdoughnuts.7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ASuccessfulSalePromotionofDoughnutsB.AnAmazingJourneytoFollowingMyDreamC.AGratefulDoughnutHelpingAwakenMyDreamD.AnUnexpectedMeetingwithMyFavoriteHockey【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。主要講述了年少時候的作者為了追求冰球夢，通過賣甜甜圈來籌錢。在此過程中，作者碰巧把甜甜圈賣給了自己的冰球偶像?！即鸢浮?.C5.D6.A7.B4．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Mynext-to-zeroskillshadnotstoppedmypassionforthegame.(雖然我的技能幾乎為零，但這并沒有阻止我對游戲的熱情。)”可知，作者雖然喜愛玩冰球，但并不擅長。故選C。5．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thereisalwayssomepricetopayformaintainingalove.Iraisedfundsinanold-fashionedway,sellingsomethingthepubliccouldactuallysinktheirteethinto.(維持一項熱愛的事總是要付出代價的。我用一種老式的方式籌集資金，出售一些公眾真正會感興趣的東西。)”可知，作者賣甜甜圈來追求他的愛好。故選D。6．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Istoodtherespeechlessforwhatseemed10years,openingandclosingmymouthlikeafishoutofwater.(我站在那里說不出話來，好像有10年的時間，嘴巴張了又閉，就像一條離開水的魚。)”可推知，作者遇到最后一棟房子的主人時，太驚訝以至于說不出話。故選A。7．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itissurelyminealonetoclaim:IsoldadozendoughnutstoTimHorton,oneofmymostrespectedplayerswholivedamerethreeblocksaway!(這當然是我一個人說的：我賣了一打甜甜圈給蒂姆·霍頓，他是我最尊敬的球員之一，就住在三個街區(qū)之外！)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了年少時候的作者為了追求冰球夢，通過賣甜甜圈來籌錢。在此過程中，作者碰巧把甜甜圈賣給了自己的冰球偶像。B選項“追尋夢想的奇妙旅程”最符合文章標題。故選B。CFreshfishshouldhaveamildsmell.Strongfishysmellsarethefirstsignstogobad.Howdothefishysmellscomefrom?Itcanbeseveraldaysfromwhenthefisharecaughttowhentheyreachthesupermarket.Inthattime,bacteriathatgrownaturallyinfishstarttoconsumeasubstancecalledtrimethylamineN-oxide(TMAO)infish.ThesebacteriachangeTMAOintotrimethylamine(TMA),thesubstanceresponsibleforthefishysmells.Bacteriainfishcanalsochangelysine(賴氨酸)intocadaverine(尸胺),asubstancethat’sassociatedwithbreakingdownthefishoncetheyarecaughtandgivingofffishysmell.Chemicalreactionscanalsoleadtofishysmells.Thishappensthroughtheoxidation(氧化)offat.Fishareanimportantsourceofomega-3fattyacids.Whenthesefactsareexposedtooxygen,theyoxidizeandbreakdownintothesubstancethatyoucansmell.Toslowdownthefishysmell,whatisbeyondquestionisthatthelesstimebetweenwhenthefisharecaughtandwhentheyreachthekitchen,thebetter.Buttoday,fishareoftenflownacrosstheglobe.Tokeepsmell-producingbacteriaatbay,thefishmustbefrozenorkeptatthelowtemperaturepossibleassoonastheyarecaughtandcleaned.Controllingfatoxidationcanfunctionaswell,especiallyforfattierfishspecies.Whilefreezingslowsbacterialgrowth,itdoesnotstopfatoxidation.Thisreactionwilloccuraslongasoxygenispresent.Fattyfishareusuallynotfrozenbecause,despitethecoldtemperature,they’regoingtooxidizeprettyfastunlesstheyarestoredinalowoxygencontainer.That’swhythosespeciesareoftencanned.It’salsoimportanttorememberthatsmellisnotalwaysanindicatorofsafety,especiallyinprocessedfishproducts.“Whatyoumightconsiderthefishysmellmaybeadelicacyinanotherculture,”saidCarlA.Batt,aprofessoroffoodscienceatCornellUniversity.8.Whichofthefollowinghasthefishysmell?A.Fishfat. B.TMAO. C.Cadaverine. D.Lysine.9.Whatisthebestwaytoreducethefishysmelloffatfishspecies?A.Dryingthemintheair. B.Storingtheminclosedcontainers.C.Carefullycleaningthem. D.Exposingthemtorichoxygen.10.WhatisCarlA.Batt’sattitudetothefishysmell?A.Objective.B.Negative.C.Acceptable.D.Unclear.11.Howisthetextorganized?A.Topic—Example—Conclusion. B.Topic—Comparison—Opinion.C.Question——Cause——Solution. D.Question—Effect—Opinion.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了魚腥味產(chǎn)生的原因以及減少魚腥味的方法?！即鸢浮?.C9.B10.A11.C8．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。文章第二段講到“Bacteriainfishcanalsochangelysine(賴氨酸)intocadaverine(尸胺),asubstancethat’sassociatedwithbreakingdownthefishoncetheyarecaughtandgivingofffishysmell.(魚類中的細菌還可以將賴氨酸轉(zhuǎn)化為尸胺，這種物質(zhì)與魚類被捕獲后分解并散發(fā)出腥味有關(guān)。)”可知，有魚腥味的是尸胺。故選C。9．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。文章倒數(shù)第二段講到“Thisreactionwilloccuraslongasoxygenispresent.Fattyfishareusuallynotfrozenbecause,despitethecoldtemperature,they’regoingtooxidizeprettyfastunlesstheyarestoredinalowoxygencontainer.That’swhythosespeciesareoftencanned.(只要存在氧氣，就會發(fā)生這種反應(yīng)。脂肪魚通常不會冷凍，因為盡管溫度很低，但除非儲存在低氧容器中，否則它們會很快氧化。這就是為什么這些物種經(jīng)常被罐裝的原因)”可知，減少肥魚魚腥味的最好方法是將它們儲存在封閉的容器中。故選B。10．〖解析〗推理判斷題。文章最后一段講到“Whatyoumightconsiderthefishysmellmaybeadelicacyinanotherculture(或許你認為的這種魚腥味在另一種文化中可能是一種美味)”可知，CarlA.Batt對魚腥味的態(tài)度上客觀的。故選A。11．〖解析〗推理判斷題。文章第一段講到“Howdothefishysmellscomefrom?(魚腥味是怎么來的？)”提出問題，第二段講到“Itcanbeseveraldaysfromwhenthefisharecaughttowhentheyreachthesupermarket.(從魚被捕獲到到達超市可能需要幾天時間。)”以及第三段講到“Chemicalreactionscanalsoleadtofishysmells.(化學反應(yīng)也會產(chǎn)生腥味)”是魚腥味產(chǎn)生的原因，第四段講到“Toslowdownthefishysmell,whatisbeyondquestionisthatthelesstimebetweenwhenthefisharecaughtandwhentheyreachthekitchen,thebetter.(為了減緩魚的腥味，毫無疑問的是，從魚被捕獲到到達廚房的時間越短越好。)”，第五段講到“Controllingfatoxidationcanfunctionaswell,especiallyforfattierfishspecies.(控制脂肪氧化也可以發(fā)揮作用，尤其是對脂肪含量較高的魚類。)”和第六段講到“It’salsoimportanttorememberthatsmellisnotalwaysanindicatorofsafety,especiallyinprocessedfishproducts.(同樣重要的是要記住，氣味并不總是安全的指標，尤其是在加工魚類產(chǎn)品中。)”是解決方案?？芍@篇文章的組織結(jié)構(gòu)是：問題——原因——解決方案。故選C。DAtomicshapesaresosimplethattheycan’tbebrokendownanyfurther.Mathematiciansaretryingtoturntoartificialintelligence(AI)forhelptobuildaperiodictableoftheseshapes,hopingitwillassistinfindingyet-unknownatomicshapes.TomCoatesatImperialCollegeLondonandhiscolleaguesareworkingtoclassifyatomicshapesknownasFanovarieties,whicharesosimplethattheycan’tbebrokendownintosmallercomponents.Justaschemistsarrangedelementsintheperiodictablebytheiratomicweightandgrouptorevealnewinsights,theresearchershopethatorganizingtheseatomicshapesbytheirvariouspropertieswillhelpinunderstandingthem.Theteamhasgiveneachatomicshapeasequenceofnumbersbasedonitsfeaturessuchasthenumberofholesithasortheextenttowhichitbendsarounditself.Thisactsasabarcode(條形碼)toidentifyit.CoatesandhiscolleagueshavenowcreatedanAIthatcanpredictcertainpropertiesoftheseshapesfromtheirbarcodenumbersalone,withanaccuracyof98percent.TheteammemberAlexanderKasprzykattheUniversityofNottingham,UK,saysthattheAIhaslettheteamorganizeatomicshapesinawaythatbeginstofollowtheperiodictable,sothatwhenyoureadfromlefttoright,orupanddown,thereseemtobegeneralpatternsinthegeometry(幾何)oftheshapes.GrahamNibloattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,stressesthathumanswillstillneedtounderstandtheresultsprovidedbyAIandcreateproofsoftheseideas.“AIhasdefinitelygotunbelievableabilities.Butinthesamewaythattelescopes(望遠鏡)don’tputastronomersoutofwork,AIdoesn’tputmathematiciansoutofwork,”hesays.“Itjustgivesusnewbackingthatallowsustoexplorepartsofthemathematicallandscapethatareoutofreach.”Theteamhopestoimprovethemodeltothepointwheremissingspacesinitsperiodictablecouldpointtotheexistenceofunknownshapes.12.Whatisthepurposeofbuildingaperiodictableofshapes?A.Togaindeeperinsightsintotheatomicshapes.B.TocreateanAItopredicttheunknownshapes.C.Tobreakdownatomicshapesintosmallerparts.D.Toarrangechemicalelementsintheperiodictable.13.Whatcanthebarcodeofeachatomicshapetellus?A.Itsholes. B.Itsbends.C.Itsatomicweight. D.Itsproperties.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“backing”inparagraph5mean?A.Design. B.Help. C.Duty. D.Threat.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.ThankstoAI,newatomicshapeshavebeendiscovered.B.MathematiciansturntoAItocreatemoreatomicshapes.C.AIhelpsbuildarelationshipbetweenchemistryandmaths.D.AperiodictableofshapescanbebuiltwiththehelpofAI.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了原子形狀是如此簡單以至于它們不能被進一步分解。人工智能正在幫助數(shù)學家建立一個形狀的周期表?！即鸢浮?2.A13.D14.B15.D12．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“Mathematiciansaretryingtoturntoartificialintelligence(AI)forhelptobuildaperiodictableoftheseshapes,hopingitwillassistinfindingyet-unknownatomicshapes.(數(shù)學家們正試圖求助于人工智能來構(gòu)建這些形狀的元素周期表，希望它能幫助尋找未知的原子形狀)”可知，建立形狀周期表的目的是為了更深入地了解原子的形狀。故選A。13．〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。文章第三段講到“CoatesandhiscolleagueshavenowcreatedanAIthatcanpredictcertainpropertiesoftheseshapesfromtheirbarcodenumbersalone,withanaccuracyof98percent.(科茨和他的同事現(xiàn)在創(chuàng)造了一種人工智能，僅從條形碼數(shù)字就可以預測這些形狀的某些特性，準確率為98%)”可知，每個原子形狀的條形碼能告訴我們它的屬性。故選D。14．〖解析〗詞義猜測題。文章倒數(shù)第二段講到“GrahamNibloattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,stressesthathumanswillstillneedtounderstandtheresultsprovidedbyAIandcreateproofsoftheseideas(英國南安普頓大學的GrahamNib-lo強調(diào)，人類仍然需要理解人工智能提供的結(jié)果，并為這些想法提供證據(jù))”以及劃線單詞后文“thatallowsustoexplorepartsofthemathematicallandscapethatareoutofreach(這使我們能夠探索數(shù)學景觀中遙不可及的部分)”可知，人工智能在人類探索數(shù)學景觀中能起到幫助的作用，第五段中帶下劃線的單詞的句子 Itjustgivesusnew

backing

thatallowsustoexplorepartsofthemathematicallandscapethatareoutofreach的意思是：它只是給了我們新的支持，讓我們能夠探索數(shù)學景觀中遙不可及的部分。因此劃線單詞的意思與“幫助”接近。故選B。15．〖解析〗主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了原子形狀是如此簡單以至于它們不能被進一步分解。人工智能正在幫助數(shù)學家建立一個形狀的周期表。文章第一段講到“Mathematiciansaretryingtoturntoartificialintelligence(AI)forhelptobuildaperiodictableoftheseshapes,hopingitwillassistinfindingyet-unknownatomicshapes.(數(shù)學家們正試圖求助于人工智能來構(gòu)建這些形狀的元素周期表，希望它能幫助尋找未知的原子形狀。)”可知，這篇文章的中心思想是：在人工智能的幫助下，可以建立形狀周期表。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoDevelopaSenseofHumorAgoodsenseofhumorcanmakeyouthelifeofthepartyandhelpyougoeasieronyourself.Usingdifferentformsoftricks,you’llhavepeoplearoundyouroaringwithlaughter.Learntotellthesortofjokesyoufindfunny.Onceyou’velearnedwhatkindofhumoryouenjoy,tryincludingitinyourconversationswithfriends.Trytotellyourjokesasifcommentingonth?weather.____16____Havefun.____17____Remember,youaremorethanyourhumor.Trytofindtheworldengaging,new,andstrange.Thiswillhelpimproveyouroverallmoodandmakeiteasierforyoutofindhumorinthingsifyouallowyourselftoplay.Sogetoutthereandhavefunwithyourself!____18____Ifthewayyoutellastorygoesalongwaytowardmakingitfunny,practiceitasyoutalk.Smileandlaughalongwitheveryone.Ifyou’retellingashockingpartofthestory,widenyoureyesandleanforwardforadramaticeffect.Youcanalsouseyourhandstobemoreexpressiveandgetalaughonothers,too.Jokekindlyandcarefully.____19____Ifyouaremakingfunofafriend,trytojokeaboutapositiveaspectofthatpersonratherthanaweakness.Ifacolleagueisalwaysontime,sayyousetyourwatchbyhimorher.Ifyourchildrenwriteagoodpaperforschool,saythey’llbepromotedtoateachernext.____20____A.Surroundyourselfwithfunnypeople.B.Useyourbodylanguagetobemoreengaging.C.Jokesaboutfriendsshouldnotshowtheminabadlight.D.Acasualdeliveryisoftenthefunniestpartofanunusualcomment.E.Focusontheirdeliveryandhowtheyturnitintosomethinghumorous.F.Jokesoutofplacemaylooklikeapowermoveonyourpartingwiththem.G.Avoidgettingsocaughtupinmakingpeoplelaughthatyouforgettoenjoyyourself.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個培養(yǎng)幽默感的方法?！即鸢浮?6.D17.G18.B19.C20.F16．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Trytotellyourjokesasifcommentingontheweather.(試著像評論天氣一樣講你的笑話)”可知，空處承接上文，指出隨意的表達往往是有趣的部分，D項中的“comment”和上文中的“commenting”對應(yīng)。D項：Acasualdeliveryisoftenthefunniestpartofanunusualcomment.(隨意的表達往往是不尋常評論中最有趣的部分。)符合語境。故選D。17．〖解析〗根據(jù)段落主旨句“Havefun.(玩得開心)”可知，空處對上文進一步解釋說明，強調(diào)不要沉迷于逗樂別人，應(yīng)該要讓自己玩的開心。G項中的“enjoyyourself”和“havefun”對應(yīng)。G項：Avoidgettingsocaughtupinmakingpeoplelaughthatyouforgettoenjoyyourself.(不要太沉迷于逗別人笑，而忘記了享受自己。)符合語境。故選G。18．〖解析〗空處為段落主旨句。根據(jù)下文“Smileandlaughalongwitheveryone.Ifyou’retellingashockingpartofthestory,widenyoureyesandleanforwardforadramaticeffect.Youcanalsouseyourhandstobemoreexpressiveandgetalaughonothers,too.(和每個人一起微笑和大笑。如果你正在講述故事中令人震驚的部分，請睜大眼睛，身體前傾，以獲得戲劇性的效果。你也可以用你的手來表達更多，也可以讓別人開懷大笑)”可知，本段介紹了使用肢體語言來培養(yǎng)幽默感的方法。B項：Useyourbodylanguagetobemoreengaging.(用你的肢體語言讓自己更有吸引力。)符合語境。故選B。19．〖解析〗根據(jù)段落主旨句“Jokekindlyandcarefully.(開玩笑要和藹而小心)”可知，本段強調(diào)和朋友開玩笑要和藹并且小心，C項中的“shouldnotshowtheminabadlight.”和“kindly”對應(yīng)。C項：Jokesaboutfriendsshouldnotshowtheminabadlight.(關(guān)于朋友的笑話不應(yīng)該讓他們看到不好的一面。)符合語境。故選C。20．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文“Ifyouaremakingfunofafriend,trytojokeaboutapositiveaspectofthatpersonratherthanaweakness.Ifacolleagueisalwaysontime,sayyousetyourwatchbyhimorher.Ifyourchildrenwriteagoodpaperforschool,saythey’llbepromotedtoateachernext.(如果你在和朋友開玩笑，試著開那個人積極的方面而不是缺點的玩笑。如果一個同事總是很準時，就說你是根據(jù)他/她來調(diào)表的。如果你的孩子在學校寫了一篇好論文，告訴他們接下來會被提升為老師)”可知，空處承接上文，從反面闡述了不合時宜的玩笑不僅不能帶來幽默感，反而會讓你與身邊的人分道揚鑣。F項：Jokesoutofplacemaylooklikeapowermoveonyourpartingwiththem.(不合時宜的玩笑可能看起來像是你和他們分手時的一種權(quán)力舉動。)符合語境。故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ChrisTurnbull,39,finishedthetouching3,856kmrunonSeptember16,intheSydneysuburbofManly,becomingthequickestrunnerfromPerthtoSydney.He____21____thecurrentrecordholderAchimHeukemes,whocompletedthedistancein43daysin2005.To____22____thenewworldrecord,hewaswholeheartedly____23____topreparinghimself.MrTurnbullhada(n)____24____forrunningatayoungage.Heranhisfirsthalfmarathonat9andsincethenhehadbeen____25____atplentyofultramarathonsatdifferenttimesinhislife.MrTurnbullhadruneverysingledayfromhisbeachsidehomeintheSydneysuburbofClontarftohis____26____onworkdays.Thedailycrosscountryrun____27____himtoseethesightsofAustralia,meetamazingpeopleandmostimportantly,____28____himselfphysicallyandmentally.Withhis40thbirthday____29____nextyear,toseewhatwashisphysicalandmentallimit,hewantedto_____30_____himselftothenewrecord.Tomakeitinrecordtime,MrTurnbullwasrunningbetween100kmand105kmdaily.Hehadto_____31_____hugetrucksrushingpasthimonmajorhighways,blisters(水泡),achingmuscles,andbeing_____32_____ofsleepingwellduetothepainhisbodywasfeelingMrTurnbull’swife,alongwiththeirtwokids,hadbeentrackinghis_____33_____onamapfromtheirhomeashemadehiswayacrossthecontinent.Theywere_____34_____waitingthereatthefinishlineinManlyforMrTurnbull’sfallingintotheirarmsforalovingpost-run_____35_____.21.A.hit B.beat C.refused D.defended22.A.set B.accept C.hold D.offer23.A.compared B.limited C.committed D.accustomed24.A.fancy B.invitation C.excuse D.request25.A.skilled B.amazed C.expert D.present26.A.hospital B.office C.restaurant D.school27.A.persuaded B.promised C.inspired D.advanced28.A.support B.cheat C.test D.bother29.A.onhand B.inadvance C.intheair D.atanend30.A.adjust B.challenge C.encourage D.keep31.A.losecontrolof B.takechargeof C.putupwith D.playjokeson32.A.guilty B.aware C.independent D.incapable33.A.target B.progress C.performance D.purpose34.A.eagerly B.impatiently C.permanently D.peacefully35.A.gesture B.touch C.hug D.glance【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了克里斯·特恩布爾以跑步的方式從珀斯到悉尼，橫穿澳大利亞，完成了3856公里的旅程，一舉打破了2005年AchimHeukemes的紀錄，此前的紀錄是用時43天跑完這一段?！即鸢浮?1.B22.A23.C24.A25.D26.B27.D28.C29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C21．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他擊敗了目前的紀錄保持者AchimHeukemes，后者在2005年用43天完成了這段距離。A.hit擊打；B.beat擊?。籆.refused拒絕；D.defended防御。根據(jù)上文“ChrisTurnbull,39,finishedthetouching3,856kmrunonSeptember16,intheSydneysuburbofManly,becomingthequickestrunnerfromPerthtoSydney.”可知，克里斯·特恩布爾成為最快的運動員，故他擊敗了目前的紀錄保持者AchimHeukemes。故選B項。22．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了創(chuàng)造新的世界紀錄，他全心全意地為自己做準備。A.set建立；B.accept接受；C.hold拿著；D.offer提供。根據(jù)下文的“hewaswholeheartedly_______

topreparinghimself.”可知，他為了創(chuàng)造新的記錄，所以全心全意準備。故選A項。23．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了創(chuàng)造新的世界紀錄，他全心全意地為自己做準備。A.compared比較；B.limited限制；C.committed承諾；D.accustomed習慣于。結(jié)合句意，他致力于為比賽做準備。becommittedto“致力于”為固定短語。故選C項。24．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：特恩布爾先生從小就喜歡跑步。A.fancy愛好；B.invitation邀請；C.excuse借口；D.request請求。根據(jù)下文的“forrunningatayoungage”可知，特恩布爾先生從小就有跑步的愛好。故選A項。25．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞詞義辨析。句意：他9歲時參加了他的第一場半程馬拉松比賽，從那以后，他在人生的不同時期參加了很多超級馬拉松比賽。A.skilled熟練的；B.amazed驚奇的；C.expert內(nèi)行的；D.present出席的。根據(jù)上文“Heranhisfirsthalfmarathonat9andsincethen

”可知，他從那以后出席了很多超級馬拉松比賽。bepresentat“出席的，在場的”。故選D項。26．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：特恩布爾先生每天都在工作日從他位于悉尼郊區(qū)Clontarf海濱的家跑到辦公室。A.hospital醫(yī)院；B.office辦公室；C.restaurant餐館；D.school學校。根據(jù)下文的“onworkdays”可知，他是跑到辦公室上班。故選B項。27．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每天的越野跑讓他能夠看到澳大利亞的風景，結(jié)識了不起的人，最重要的是，檢測自己的身體和精神。A.persuaded說服；B.promised保證；C.inspired激發(fā)；D.advanced促進，推動。advancesb.todo“促使某人做某事”，結(jié)合下文“seethesightsofAustralia,meetamazingpeopleandmostimportantly,________

facehimselfphysicallyandmentally”可知，跑步可以促使他做這些事情。故選D項。28．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每天的越野跑讓他能夠看到澳大利亞的風景，結(jié)識了不起的人，最重要的是，檢測自己的身體和精神。A.support支持；B.cheat欺騙；C.test考驗，檢測；D.bother打擾。根據(jù)下文的“himselfphysicallyandmentally”可知，他從身體上和精神上檢測自己。故選C項。29．〖解析〗考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：明年40歲生日即將到來，為了看看自己的身體和精神極限是什么，他想挑戰(zhàn)新紀錄。A.onhand即將到來；B.inadvance提前；C.intheair未決定；D.atanend結(jié)束。根據(jù)下文的“nextyear”可知，他的40歲生日即將到來。故選A項。30．〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：明年40歲生日即將到來，為了看看自己的身體和精神極限是什么，他想挑戰(zhàn)新紀錄。A.adjust適應(yīng)；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.encourage鼓勵；D.keep保持。根據(jù)上文的“toseewhatwashisphysicalandmentallimit”可知，他想挑戰(zhàn)自己，創(chuàng)造新的記錄。故選B項。31．〖解析〗考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他不得不忍受在主要高速公路上從他身邊飛馳而過的巨大卡車，水泡、肌肉酸痛，以及由于身體疼痛而無法睡好覺。A.losecontrolof失去控制；B.takechargeof主管；C.putupwith忍受；D.playjokeson開玩笑。根據(jù)下文的“hugetrucksrushingpasthimonmajorhighways,blisters,achingmuscles,andbeing

________ofsleepingwelldue

tothepainhisbodywasfeeling”可知，他要忍受這些痛苦。故選C項。32．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他不得不忍受在主要高速公路上從他身邊飛馳而過的巨大卡車，水泡、肌肉酸痛，以及由于身體疼痛而無法睡好覺。A.guilty內(nèi)疚的；B.aware意識到；C.independent獨立；D.incapable無能力的。根據(jù)下文的“due

tothepainhisbodywasfeeling”可知，他由于身體的疼痛而不能睡好。故選D項。33．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：特恩布爾先生穿越非洲大陸時，他的妻子和他們的兩個孩子一直在家里的地圖上追蹤他的進展。A.target目標；B.progress進步，進展；C.performance表演；D.purpose目的。根據(jù)下文的“Theywere

_______

waitingthereatthefinishline”可知，他的妻子和孩子知道他的行蹤，是因為他們在追蹤他的進展。故選B項。34．〖解析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在曼利的終點線上，他們急切地等待著特恩布爾先生在比賽結(jié)束后落入他們的懷抱，得到一個充滿愛意的擁抱。A.eagerly急切地；B.impatiently沒有耐心地；C.permanently永久地；D.peacefully和平地。根據(jù)下文的“waitingthereatthefinishlineinManlyforMrTurnbull’sfallingintotheirarmsforalovingpost-run

________”可知，他的妻子和孩子急切地在終點線等待和他團聚。故選A項。35．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在曼利的終點線上，他們急切地等待著特恩布爾先生在比賽結(jié)束后落入他們的懷抱，得到一個充滿愛意的擁抱。A.gesture姿勢；B.touch觸摸；C.hug擁抱；D.glance一瞥。根據(jù)上文的“MrTurnbull’sfallingintotheirarms”可知，他們在等待和特恩布爾先生擁抱。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AttheShishouMiluNationalNatureReserveinHubeiProvince,about2,000creatureswanderfreely.Theirnumbersinclude460deerbornthisyear,showingthatthespecies,____36____wasonceendangeredinChinaintheearly20thcentury,hasstagedaremarkable____37____(recover).Often____38____(refer)toassìbuxiang,amiludeerseemstoconsistofpartsofvariouscreatures.Ithasantlers(鹿角)likeotherdeer,butseemstohavetheheadofahorse,thefeetofcattleandthetailofadonkey(驢).____39____oneoftheanimal’sthreemajorprotectedareasinChina,theShishoureservewasestablishedin1991.ClosetotheYangtzeRiver,theareahasacompletewetlandecosystem,anidealhabitatforthedeer.Itsconservationstoryprovides____40____exampleforotherendangeredanimalsunderathreatofextinction.____41____(ensure)asafeenvironment,twoengineersandeightrangers(護林員)aresenttogetaroundthereserve.Advancedtechnologiesareappliedtohelpobserveandanalyze____42____(they)habitsandenvironment.Theeffortsofthoseresponsibleforthedeerhave____43____(significant)resultedintheincreaseinnumbers.Inthe____44____(country)threemajorprotectedareastheNanhaiziMiluParkinBeijing,theDafengMiluNationalNatureReserveinJiangsuProvince,andtheShishoureserve——thenumberoftheanimal____45____(increase)from39toover10,000since1986.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要講述了中國湖北省石首麋鹿國家級自然保護區(qū)為保護麋鹿付出了努力，這使得這個曾在20世紀初在中國瀕臨滅絕的物種有了顯著的恢復?！即鸢浮?6.which37.recovery38.referred39.As40.an41.Toensure42.their43.significantly44.country’s45.hasincreased36.〖解析〗考查定語從句。句意：它們的數(shù)量包括今年出生的460只鹿，表明這個曾在20世紀初在中國瀕臨滅絕的物種已經(jīng)有了顯著的恢復?？仗幰龑Х窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句，修飾先行詞thespecies，指物，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導定語從句。故填which。37.〖解析〗考查名詞。句意：它們的數(shù)量包括今年出生的460只鹿，表明這個曾在20世紀初在中國瀕臨滅絕的物種已經(jīng)有了顯著的恢復。根據(jù)該空前的冠詞a和形容詞可知，此處應(yīng)該用其名詞單數(shù)recovery，作賓語。故填recovery。38.〖解析〗考查非謂語動詞。句意：麋鹿通常被稱為四不像，似乎是由各種生物的部位組成。句中有謂語，前后無連詞，此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作狀語，動詞refer與其邏輯主語amiludeer是被動關(guān)系，故此處應(yīng)該用其過去分詞形式作狀語。故填referred。39.〖解析〗考查介詞。句意：石首保護區(qū)是我國三大動物保護區(qū)之一，成立于1991年。分析該句句意可知，此處表示“作為……”，應(yīng)用介詞as，單詞位于句首，首字母大寫。故填As。40.〖解析〗考查冠詞。句意：它的保護故事為其他瀕臨滅絕的動物提供了一個例子。此處泛指一個例子，應(yīng)用不定冠詞來修飾，且example發(fā)音是以元音音素開頭，應(yīng)用an。故填an。41.〖解析〗考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了確保有一個安全的環(huán)境，兩名工程師和八名護林員被派往保護區(qū)周圍巡邏。此處表示“為了”，應(yīng)該用動詞不定式作目的狀語，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Toensure。42.〖解析〗考查代詞。句意：應(yīng)用先進技術(shù)幫助觀察和分析它們的習性和環(huán)境。根據(jù)該空后的名詞habitsandenvironment可知，此處應(yīng)該用形容詞性物主代詞作定語。故填their。43.〖解析〗考查副詞。句意：負責養(yǎng)鹿的人的努力大大增加了鹿的數(shù)量。此處應(yīng)該用副詞來修飾動詞，作狀語。故填significantly。44.〖解析〗考查名詞所有格。句意：

自1986年以來，在中國的三大保護區(qū)中——北京的南海子麋鹿苑、江蘇省的大豐麋鹿國家級自然保護區(qū)和石首保護區(qū)，這種動物的數(shù)量已經(jīng)從39只增加到了1萬多只。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)該用名詞所有格形式來修飾名詞短語protectedareas，作定語。故填country’s。45.〖解析〗考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：

自1986年以來，在中國的三大保護區(qū)中——北京的南海子麋鹿苑