湖南省郴州市高三第二次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題

郴州市2021屆高三第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測試卷英語第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B.、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whereisthemanmostprobablyaround5:00pm?A.Athome.B.Atthelibrary.C.Intheclassroom.2.Whathasthewomanforgotten.tobring?A.Heressay.B.Herpen.C.Herkeys.3.Howwillthewomanprobablybooktheticket?A.Byphone.B.Bypost.C.OntheInternet.4.WhatdothespeakersthinkofMary?A.Hardworking.B.Honest.C.Elegant.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ahouse.B.Aplant.C.Apool.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6至7題。6.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwith?A.Theservice.B.Theprice.C.Theenvironment.7.Whatwilltheschoolboarddo?A.Addmoredishes.B.Reducetheprice.C.Openmorewindows.聽第7段材料,回答第8至9題。8.Whatmightthetwospeakersbe?A.Doctors.B.Patients.C.Basketballplayers.9.Whatdoyouknowaboutthere.leader?A.Hehasgotbirdflu.B.Hemissedtheimportantmatch.C.Hehasalreadyetolife.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoyouknowabouttheman?A.Heisaforeigner.B.Hedoesn’tlikeoperasomuch.C.Heknowsmuchaboutopera.11.WhatwilltheydotoenjoyPekingOpera?A.Bookthetickets.B.Callthetheater.C.GotoChang’anGrandTheatredirectly.12.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofWhiteSnake?A.Asadstory.B.Amovingplay.C.Thebestopera.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Yang?A.Hehasjustwonthemarathon.B.Hehaslostalotofweight.C.Hehasjustjoinedasoccerclub.14.HowmanyhoursdoesMr.Yangdosportseachweek?A.About10hours.B.About12hours.C.About14hours.15.WhichsportdoesMr.Yangthinkischeapandrelaxing?A.Boxing.B.Swimming.C.Cycling.16.WhatdoesMr.Yangthinkofsoccer?A.It’sinteresting,fastandexciting.B.It’sfun,fastbutyoumayeasilygetinjured.C.It’samusing,excitingand:goodforbreathing.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.WhatisTaskRabbit?A.Aservicepany.B.Anoldpanywithnewideas.C.Asuccessfulmagazinethatoffersmanyservices.18.WhatcouldaTaskRabbitworkerdo?A.Findyouajobtodo.B.Lendyoumoneyforrent.C.Helpyoumoveyourfurniture.19.WhofoundedthepanyTaskRabbit?A.Sally.B.LeahBusque.C.Neighbors.20.WhatisthethemeofTaskRabbit?A.Makingmillionsofdollars.B.Findingwaystohelptheelderly.C.Connectingneighborstohelpeachother.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AOnthebanksoftheMacquarieRiver,Bathurstisaninvitingtownofprettytree–linedstreets,beautifulparksandwonderfulheritagebuildings.Manyactivitiesareheldthereallyearround.Herearesomethataretobeheldinthefollowingmonths.TheLazySundayAfternoonJanuary1JoinusforalazySunday!afternoonasweshowyoulocalawardwinningcoolclimatewinesfromThree.ViewsVineyard.Enjoywinetastingsandaselectionofcheeses.ForthosewhodonotwanttodriveapickupisavailablefromCourthousetoBathurstVisitorInformationCentreforanadditionalcostofAUD10.Bookingsareessential;pleasephone.InternationalMuseumSelfie(自拍)DayJanuary15CelebrateInternationalMuseumSelfieDaywithaselfieat.BathurstRegionalCouncilMuseumswithfreeentry.Winaprizeforthemostimaginativesefiejustusehashtag(題標(biāo))whenyoupostonFacebookandTwitter.BathurstMiniatureRailwayFromnowontillFebruary16BathurstMiniatureRailway:operateseverythirdSundayofthemonth.TheMiniatureRailwayislocatednexttotheTennisCentreinDurhamStreet.Theclubstartedin1977andtodayoperatesandmaintainsnearly600metersoftrackattheJohnMathew‘ssportingplexinDurhamStreetChallengeBathurstFromDecember26toMarch31ChallengeBathurstisagreatopportunitytodriveyourownstreetcarortrackracingcaronthefamousMountPanoramaRacingCircuitthisDecember.Withthemostexciting6.2kilometersofbitumen(瀝青)ontheplanetopenforyourspeedingenjoyment,youwon’twanttomissyourchancetogainanunforgettableexperience.1.Ifpeoplelovefood;andwines,they’relikelytogotoA.TheLazySundayAfternoon B.InternationalC.BathurstMiniatureRailway D.ChallengeBathurst2.Accordingtothetext,whenwillyouprobablywinaprizeforyourphoto?A.OnDecember29. B.OnJanuary15.C.OnFebruary16. D.OnMarch2.3.WhatdoesChallengeBathurstallowparticipantstodo?A.Visitamuseum. B.Enjoydrivingfast.C.TaketheMiniatureRailway. D.Learntobuildbitumenroads.【答案】1.A2.B3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了位于麥夸里河畔（theMacquarieRiver）迷人的巴瑟斯特（Bathurst）小鎮(zhèn)接下來幾個(gè)月舉行的活動(dòng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“TheLazySundayAfternoon”部分中句子“Enjoywinetastingsandaselectionofcheeses.”（享受品酒和奶酪的選擇。）可知，如果人們熱愛食物和酒，可以參加“TheLazySundayAfternoon”活動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)。2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“InternationalMuseumSelfie(自拍)Day”部分中句子“January15...Winaprizeforthemostimaginativesefiejustusehashtag(題標(biāo))whenyoupostonFacebookandTwitter.”（1月15日......贏得最具想象力自拍獎(jiǎng)——在臉書和推特上發(fā)照片時(shí)使用標(biāo)簽即可。）可知，照片獲獎(jiǎng)時(shí)間在1月15日。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“ChallengeBathurst”部分中句子“ChallengeBathurstisagreatopportunitytodriveyourownstreetcarortrackracingcaronthefamousMountPanoramaRacingCircuitthisDecember.Withthemostexciting6.2kilometersofbitumen(瀝青)ontheplanetopenforyourspeedingenjoyment,”（今年12月，在著名的全景山賽道上駕駛自己的電車或賽道賽車，巴瑟斯特是一個(gè)絕佳的機(jī)會(huì)。這是地球上最令人興奮的6.2公里瀝青公路，讓你盡情享受高速行駛的樂趣）可知，巴瑟斯特的參賽者可以進(jìn)行賽車，并享受開快車的感覺。故選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】BAdecadeago,attheendofmyfirstsemesterteachingatCaptain,mystudentJackstoppedbyforofficehours.Hesatdownandburstintotears.Mymindstartedcyclingthroughalistofeventsthatcouldmakeacollegejuniorcry:Hisgirlfriendhadbrokenupwithhim;hehadbeenaccusedofcheatinginexams;heforgottoturninpapersbeforethedeadline."IjustgotmyfirstAminus,"hesaid.Yearafteryear,IwatchindepressionasstudentsarecrazyaboutgettingstraightA's.Somesacrificetheirhealth;afewhaveeventriedtochargetheirschoolafterfailure.Theybelievetopmarksareatickettoelitegraduateschoolsandrewardingjobopportunities.Iwasoneofthem.IstartedcollegewiththegoalofgraduatingwithaGPAof4.0.Itwouldbeareflectionofmybrainpowerandwillpower,showingthatIhadtherightthingstosucceed.ButIwaswrong.Theevidenceisclear:Acrossindustries,researchshowsthattheassociationbetweengradesandjobperformanceismodestinthefirstyearaftercollegeandinsignificantwithinahandfulofyears.Forexample,atMicrosoft,onceemployeesaretwoorthreeyearsoutofcollege,theirgradeshavenothingtodowiththeirperformance.(Ofcourse,itmustbesaidthatifyougotD's,youprobablywouldn'tendupatMicrosoft.)Academicgradesrarelyassessqualitieslikecreativity,leadershipandteamworkskills,orsocial,emotionalandpoliticalintelligence.Yes,straightAstudentsmasterlargeamountsofinformationandreproduceitinexams.Butcareersuccessisrarelyaboutfindingtherightsolutiontoaproblem—it'smoreaboutfindingtherightproblemtosolve.ThismightexplainwhySteveJobsfinishedhighschoolwithaGPAof2.65,andMartinLutherKingJr.gotonlyoneAinhisfouryearsatMorehouse.4.WhydidJackfeelsad？A.Hisgirlfriendabandonedhim. B.Hewascaughtcheatinginexams.C.HefailedtogetstraightA's. D.Hedidn'thandinhispaperintime.5.Whatdidtheauthoroncebelieve？A.Itwaswrongtocaretoomuchaboutmarks. B.Failurewasschools'fault.C.Marksdidn'treflectwillpowerandbrainpower. D.Topmarksmeantwellpaidjoboffers.6.WhyaretheemployeesatMicrosoftmentioned？A.Toindicateacademicperformanceisimportant.B.Tostressthepanyvaluesemployeeswithtopmarks.C.Tointroducesuccessfulexamplesinthetechnologyindustry.D.Toshowacademicexcellenceisn'tastrongpredictorofcareerperformance.7.Whatshouldpeoplefocusmoreontosucceed？A.Howtosolveaproblem. B.Whatproblemtobesolved.C.Howtobeacreativeleader. D.Whattodowithdetailedinformation.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.B【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹很多學(xué)生熱衷于考試得A，但是作者認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)成績優(yōu)異并不能代表未來的成功，并說明了原因。作者最后指出事業(yè)上的成功并不在于找到解決問題的正確方法，更多的是找到需要解決的正確問題。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“‘IjustgotmyfirstAminus,’hesaid.(“我第一次得了A”他說)”可知，杰克因?yàn)闆]有得到A+而感到難過。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theybelievetopmarksareatickettoelitegraduateschoolsandrewardingjobopportunities.Iwasoneofthem.IstartedcollegewiththegoalofgraduatingwithaGPAof4.0.Itwouldbeareflectionofmybrainpowerandwillpower,showingthatIhadtherightthingstosucceed.ButIwaswrong.(他們認(rèn)為高分是進(jìn)入精英研究生院和獲得有價(jià)值的工作機(jī)會(huì)的門票。我就是其中之一。我開始大學(xué)生涯的目標(biāo)是以4.0的GPA畢業(yè)。這將是我的智力和意志力的反映，表明我有獲得成功的正確的事情。但我錯(cuò)了)”可知，作者曾經(jīng)相信高分意味著高薪的工作機(jī)會(huì)。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Theevidenceisclear:Acrossindustries,researchshowsthattheassociationbetweengradesandjobperformanceismodestinthefirstyearaftercollegeandinsignificantwithinahandfulofyears.Forexample,atMicrosoft,onceemployeesaretwoorthreeyearsoutofcollege,theirgradeshavenothingtodowiththeirperformance.(Ofcourse,itmustbesaidthatifyougotD's,youprobablywouldn'tendupatMicrosoft.)”可知證據(jù)很明顯：在各個(gè)行業(yè)中，研究表明，成績和工作表現(xiàn)之間的聯(lián)系在大學(xué)畢業(yè)后的第一年是適度的，在幾年內(nèi)也不顯著。例如，在微軟，一旦員工從大學(xué)畢業(yè)兩三年，他們的成績和他們的表現(xiàn)沒有任何關(guān)系(當(dāng)然，必須要說的是，如果你得了D，你可能就去不了微軟了)。由此可推知，提到微軟的員工是為了說明卓越的學(xué)歷并不是職業(yè)表現(xiàn)的強(qiáng)有力預(yù)測。故選D。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Butcareersuccessisrarelyaboutfindingtherightsolutiontoaproblem—it'smoreaboutfindingtherightproblemtosolve.(但是事業(yè)上的成功并不在于找到解決問題的正確方法，更多的是找到需要解決的正確問題)”可推知，要想成功，人們應(yīng)該更多地專注要解決什么問題。故選B。CWhenaneditorcalledtoaskifIcouldphotographastoryaboutfirefliesinMexico,Ididn’tcheckmyschedulebeforeIsaidyes.I’dseentheseinsectslightuptheforestsinTlaxcalaoncebefore,andIjumpedatthechancetogoback.Whilestudying,IbeganexploringMexico,crossingthecountryseveraltimesbybus.NowIworkasaphotojournalistinMexicoandalongtheborder,documentingdesperatesituationsthatfaceeverydayMexicans.Thoughnecessaryandimportant,newsstoriesdon’treflecttheMexicothatIfellforandthatishometosomanypeopleIlove.Ataskfocusedonthecountry’snaturalbeautywasawelereprieveforme.Ihadthreenightstofilmthemagicalsceneintheforest.Accordingtoourguides,visitorsareusuallynotallowedtophotographthefirefliesbecausethepresenceofartificiallightfromelectronicscanaffecttheirhabits.AsIstartedshooting,Iadjustedmyexposuresconstantlytoaccountforthefadinglight.InordertogetthepositionthatIwanted,Iplacedmytripodonasteep,rockypathandhadtosteady:itduringthelongexposures.Normallythiswouldn’tbeabigdeal,butthefireflieswereveryinterestedinthecameraandbyextensioninme.Istoodpletelystillwhiletheywerealloverme—myarms,myhair,myface.FromwhatIobserved,peakfirefliespresencelastsforonlyabout20minuteseachnight,soIhadtimeforjustafewtries.Onthelastnighteverythingcametogether.Theweathercooperated.Ihadimprovedmymethod"forfocusingandposingphotosinthedarkwithquickflashesfromapowerfulflashlightandI’dgrownaccustomedtoinsectsonmyface.Iwasrewardedwiththeimageyouseehere.Eachdotoflightisoneofseveralburststhatafireflymakesasittravelswithina30secondexposure.Youcantracktheinsectspaths:Somemakesmallcircles,likethoseinthebottomcenteroftheframe,whileothersmovesteadilyinonedirectionoranother.8.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheeditor’srequest?A.Nervous. B.Overjoyed. C.Confused. D.Regretful.9.Whatcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“reprieve”inParagraph2?A.Memory. B.Idea. C.Victory. D.Relief.10.Duringthefirsttwonights,theauthorintendedtoA.findthesuitablespotandtimetotakephotos B.learnaboutthelocaltravelrulesC.researchthehabitofthefireflies D.municateconstantlywiththeguides11.Whydidtheauthorwritethisarticle?A.Totellfindingsaboutfireflies. B.Torecordatravellingexperience.C.Toshowtheworkingconditions. D.Tosharethestorybehindaphoto.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者是一個(gè)專業(yè)攝影師，受一位編輯之托，前去拍攝一篇關(guān)于墨西哥螢火蟲的報(bào)道，介紹了他拍攝的一張關(guān)于螢火蟲照片背后的故事?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenaneditorcalledtoaskifIcouldphotographastoryaboutfirefliesinMexico,Ididn’tcheckmyschedulebeforeIsaidyes.I’dseentheseinsectslightuptheforestsinTlaxcalaoncebefore,andIjumpedatthechancetogoback.(當(dāng)一位編輯打來問我是否可以為一篇關(guān)于墨西哥螢火蟲的報(bào)道拍照時(shí)，我沒有查看我的日程安排就答應(yīng)了。我曾經(jīng)見過這些昆蟲照亮特拉斯卡拉的森林，我欣然接受了回去的機(jī)會(huì))”可知，作者沒有確認(rèn)自己的行程就一口答應(yīng)編輯的請求，由此推知，他很樂意、高興、激動(dòng)或者迫不及待地接受了這個(gè)請求。故選B?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“NowIworkasaphotojournalistinMexicoandalongtheborder,documentingdesperatesituationsthatfaceeverydayMexicans.Thoughnecessaryandimportant,newsstoriesdon’treflecttheMexicothatIfellforandthatishometosomanypeopleIlove.(現(xiàn)在我是一名攝影記者，在墨西哥和邊境沿線工作，記錄墨西哥人每天面臨的絕望處境。盡管這是必要和重要的，但新聞報(bào)道并沒有反映出我深愛的墨西哥，那里有那么多我愛的人)”可知，作者作為攝影記者在墨西哥工作，記錄著墨西哥人每天都面臨的危險(xiǎn)狀況，而這樣的新聞反映不出作者喜歡的墨西哥?，F(xiàn)在有這樣一個(gè)關(guān)注墨西哥自然美的工作機(jī)全，對作者來說是一個(gè)讓他開心的緩解機(jī)會(huì)。故畫線詞意思為“緩解”。A.Memory.記憶；B.Idea.主意；C.Victory.勝利；D.Relief.緩解。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“InordertogetthepositionthatIwanted,Iplacedmytripodonasteep,rockypathandhadtosteady:itduringthelongexposures.(為了得到我想要的構(gòu)圖，我把我的三腳架放在一條陡峭、多巖石的小路上，在長時(shí)間曝光時(shí)必須使它保持穩(wěn)定)”以及“FromwhatIobserved,peakfirefliespresencelastsforonlyabout20minuteseachnight,soIhadtimeforjustafewtries.(據(jù)我觀察，螢火蟲出現(xiàn)的峰值每晚只持續(xù)20分鐘，所以我只有時(shí)間嘗試幾次)”可知，前兩天晚上，作者想找個(gè)合適的地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間拍照。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一段第一句“Iwasrewardedwiththeimageyouseehere(我得到了你們在這里看到的圖像)”結(jié)合短文敘述了作者是一個(gè)專業(yè)攝影師，受一位編輯之托，前去拍攝一篇關(guān)于墨西哥螢火蟲的報(bào)道，介紹了他拍攝的一張關(guān)于螢火蟲照片背的故事?？芍酒恼碌哪康氖窍蜃x者介紹作者拍攝的照片背后的故事，故選D。DThemoonmayshinewhiteaboveusmostnightsoftheyear,buthowmuchdoweknowabouttheearth’sneighborandwhatliesbeneathitssurface?Scientistsareaimingtofindout.OnJanuary3,2019,China’sChang’e4spacecraftlandedonthefarsideofthemoonafirstforhumanity.Itreleasedasmallprobe(探測器),Yutu2,orJadeRabbit2,whichbegantosearchbeneaththemoon’ssurfaceusinglunarPenetratingRadar(探測雷達(dá)).Theseradiosignalscanreach40metersunderground,threetimesthedepthoftheChang’e3lunarprobelaunchedin2013forthenearsideofthemoon,ChinaDailyreported.InastudypublishedinthejournalScienceAdvances,researchersfoundthatthelunarsoil’stoplayeronthefarsideofthemoonwasmuchthickerthanexpectedabout40meters.Otherscientistsonlyexpectedabout6millimetersofsoilbasedontheNASAobservationsduringtheApollomoonlandings,accordingtoTheNewYorkTimes.Yutu2isspeciallyexploringtheVonKarmancrator,alargeholethat’s180kilometerswideand:alsothelandingsiteofChang’e4.It’spartofanevenlarger,oldercraterspanningmorethan1,770kilometers.“ThesurfaceattheChang’e4landingsiteisveryplex,”saidLiChunlai,aresearchprofessoranddeputydirectorgeneralofNationalAstronomicalObservatoriesofChineseAcademyofSciences.ShepointedouttheobservationssuggestthatthesurfacematerialistotallydifferentfromthepreviouslandingsiteofChang’e3.Radarwavesrevealedvariouslayersbeneaththemoon’ssurface:grainymaterial,boulder,andfurtherlayersoffineandcoarseparticles.Thisinformationishelpingscientiststogainnewunderstandingofthemoon’shistoryandformation,aswellasvolcanicactivityandlunarimpacts.Yutu2isthelongestworkingroveronthemoon’ssurface,butitwon’tlastforever.ChinaplanstolaunchtheChang’e5probelaterthisyear,XinhuaNewsAgencyreported.12WhatdoweknowabouttheChang’e4probe?A.Itexploredareas.aswideas1,770kilometres.B.Itwasthefirsttolandonthemoon’snearside.C.Itssignalscanreach40metersbeneaththemoon’ssurface.D.ItismorethanthreetimesaslargeastheChang’e3lunarprobe.13.Whatdoesthelunarsoil’stoplayeronthemoon’sfarsidelooklike?A.Itlookslikealargehole. B.Itgoesfartherdownthanexpected.C.Itisabout6millimetresthick. D.Itiscoveredmostly.byboulders.14.WhichisNOTthepurposeofrevealingvarious,layersbeneaththemoon’ssurface?A.TohavemoreknowledgeoftheEarth’shistory. B.Tobetterunderstandthemoon’sformation.C.Tohelpmakethemoon’svolcanicactivitiesclearer. D.Togaininformationaboutlunarimpacts.15.Whatdoesthearticlemainlytalkabout?A.ThehistoryofChineselunarmissions. B.AparisonoftheChang’e3and4probes.C.HowYutu2exploredbeneaththemoon’ssurface. D.TheChang’e4probe’sfindings.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。2019年1月3日，中國“嫦娥四號”飛船登陸月球背面，這是人類首次登陸月球背面。它釋放了一個(gè)名為“玉兔2號”的小型探測器，開始使用探月雷達(dá)在月球表面下搜索。文章主要是關(guān)于嫦娥四號探測器發(fā)現(xiàn)的報(bào)告，文章就月球上的環(huán)境進(jìn)行了說明，還介紹了此次探測的一些發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theseradiosignalscanreach40metersunderground,threetimesthedepthoftheChang’e3lunarprobelaunchedin2013forthenearsideofthemoon,ChinaDailyreported.(據(jù)《中國日報(bào)》報(bào)道，這些無線電信號可以到達(dá)地下40米，是2013年發(fā)射的嫦娥三號月球探測器深度的三倍)”可知，嫦娥四號探測器的信號可以到達(dá)月球表面下40米。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“InastudypublishedinthejournalScienceAdvances,researchersfoundthatthelunarsoil’stoplayeronthefarsideofthemoonwasmuchthickerthanexpectedabout40meters.(在一項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《科學(xué)進(jìn)展》雜志上的研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)月球背面的表層土壤比預(yù)期的要厚大約40米)”可知，月球遠(yuǎn)側(cè)的表層土壤比預(yù)期的更深。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Radarwavesrevealedvariouslayersbeneaththemoon’ssurface:grainymaterial,boulder,andfurtherlayersoffineandcoarseparticles.Thisinformationishelpingscientiststogainnewunderstandingofthemoon’shistoryandformation,aswellasvolcanicactivityandlunarimpacts.(雷達(dá)波揭示了月球表面下的不同土層：粒狀物質(zhì)、卵石，以及更深層的細(xì)顆粒和粗顆粒。這些信息有助于科學(xué)家對月球的歷史和形成，以及火山活動(dòng)和月球撞擊有新的了解)”可知，B“為了更好地了解月球的形成”、C“為了使月球的火山活動(dòng)更加清晰”和D“獲得關(guān)于月球撞擊的信息”都是揭示不同土層的目的，除了A選項(xiàng)“對地球歷史有更多的了解”不是揭示月球表面下不同土層的目的。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“OnJan3,2019,China’sChang’e4spacecraftlandedonthefarsideofthemoon–afirstforhumanity.Itreleasedasmallprobe,Yutu2,orJadeRabbit2,whichbegantosearchbeneaththemoon’ssurfaceusingLunarPenetratingRadar.Theseradiosignalscanreach40metersunderground,threetimesthedepthoftheChang’e3lunarprobelaunchedin2013forthenearsideofthemoon,ChinaDailyreported.(2019年1月3日，中國“嫦娥四號”飛船登陸月球背面，這是人類首次登陸月球背面。它釋放了一個(gè)名為“玉兔2號”的小型探測器，開始使用探月雷達(dá)在月球表面下搜索。據(jù)《中國日報(bào)》報(bào)道，這些無線電信號可以到達(dá)地下40米，是2013年發(fā)射的嫦娥三號月球探測器深度的三倍)”結(jié)合文章主要是關(guān)于嫦娥四號探測器發(fā)現(xiàn)的報(bào)告，文章就月球上的環(huán)境進(jìn)行了說明，還介紹了此次探測的一些發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此可知，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于嫦娥四號探測器發(fā)現(xiàn)的報(bào)告。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。KeepingFishHelpsPreventLonelinessWhattypicallyestomind,whenyouthinkofalonelyperson?Themostlikelyanswerisanolderperson,whoissociallyisolated(孤立的)，leadsaveryquietlifeanddoesn’tgetoutmuch.___16___Lonelinesscanaffectpeopleofallagesfromallwalksoflife.Researcherscarriedoutastudylookingatthehealthbenefitsofviewingfishintanks.Theyfoundthatpeople,youngorold,whospendtimewatchingfishintanks,couldseeimprovementsintheirphysicalandmentalwellbeing.___17___.Keepingfishmeansyouwillhaveawellorganizedroutine.___18___.Youneedtoturnthelighton,feedthefish,andcarryoutdailychecks.Therewillalsobeweeklyandmonthlychores(瑣事)whichwillneedtobedone,suchascheckingtheequipment.___19___Thishelpstogetpeopleoutofthehouse.It’llinvolvetalkingwithotherpeoplewhohavesimilarinterests.Formingrelationshipsandfriendshipswiththesepeoplewillbemucheasierandthiswouldcounterisolationandlikelydecreaseloneliness.Manypeopleinspiteofbeinglonely,arenotallowedtohavea“traditional”petintheirhouseorapartment.Eitherduetoallergies(過敏)orlandlordagreements,peoplearerestrictedtohavepetsintheirhouseorapartment.___20___.Thisisquiteagoodwaytohelpthemtohavefun.What’smoreimportant,theywillsaygoodbyetolonelinessforever.A.However,thisisn’talwaysthecase.B.Doingallthisrequiresvisitstoapetstore.C.Thatistosay,you’llhavealotofworktodo.D.Thesearesomeofthelargestfreshwaterfishkeptaspets.E.Evenwiththeserestrictions,manypeopleareallowedtokeepfish.F.Makesurethatthetankisbigenoughforthefishyouaregoingtobuy.G.Infact,itnotonlyhelpedtoreducetheirheartrate,butalsoimprovedtheirfeelings.【答案】16.A17.G18.C19.B20.E【解析】這是一篇說明文。孤獨(dú)會(huì)影響各行各業(yè)各個(gè)年齡段的人，但研究發(fā)現(xiàn)養(yǎng)魚可以在一定程度上防止孤獨(dú)，因?yàn)樗梢宰屓藗冇惺驴勺觯⑶铱梢猿鲩T接觸更多有共同愛好的人。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whattypicallyestomind,whenyouthinkofalonelyperson?Themostlikelyanswerisanolderperson,whoissociallyisolated(孤立的)，leadsaveryquietlifeanddoesn’tgetoutmuch.”（當(dāng)你想到一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的人，你會(huì)想到什么呢？最有可能的答案是一個(gè)被社會(huì)孤立的老人過著非常寂靜的生活，不怎么出門。）和下文“Lonelinesscanaffectpeopleofallagesfromallwalksoflife.”（孤獨(dú)會(huì)影響各行各業(yè)各個(gè)年齡段的人。）可推知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)陳述真實(shí)情況并非如此。A.However,thisisn’talwaysthecase.（但是，事情并非總是如此。）符合語境，該句可起到承上啟下的作用。故選A?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theyfoundthatpeople,youngorold,whospendtimewatchingfishintanks,couldseeimprovementsintheirphysicalandmentalwellbeing.”（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那些觀看魚缸里魚的人，不管年輕還是年老，都會(huì)在身心健康方面得到改善）可推知，設(shè)空處會(huì)接著講述觀魚的好處。G.Infact,itnotonlyhelpedtoreducetheirheartrate,butalsoimprovedtheirfeelings.（事實(shí)上，它不僅有助于降低他們的心率，而且還改善他們的心情）符合語境，選項(xiàng)中的it代指上文提到的watchingfishintanks。故選G。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Keepingfishmeansyouwillhaveawellorganizedroutine.”（養(yǎng)魚意味著你會(huì)有一個(gè)井然有序的日程）和下文“Youneedtoturnthelighton,feedthefish,andcarryoutdailychecks.Therewillalsobeweeklyandmonthlychores(瑣事)whichwillneedtobedone,suchascheckingtheequipment.”（你需要開燈，喂魚，每天進(jìn)行檢查。每周和每月也會(huì)有很多需要做的瑣事，例如檢查設(shè)備）可推知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)講述養(yǎng)魚會(huì)讓人有很多事做。C.Thatistosay,you’llhavealotofworktodo.（也就是說，你會(huì)有很多工作要做）符合語境，選項(xiàng)是對上文的解釋說明，而下文是對選項(xiàng)中work的舉例。故選C。【19題詳解】根據(jù)下文“It’llinvolvetalkingwithotherpeoplewhohavesimilarinterests.Formingrelationshipsandfriendshipswiththesepeoplewillbemucheasierandthiswouldcounterisolationandlikelydecreaseloneliness.”（這需要和其他興趣相投的人交談。與這些人建立關(guān)系和友誼容易得多，這將對抗孤立，可能會(huì)減少孤獨(dú)）可知，此處提到養(yǎng)魚的人應(yīng)該去和興趣相投的人建立關(guān)系或友誼。由此推知，設(shè)空處可能建議養(yǎng)魚的人去寵物店，因?yàn)槟抢镏救は嗤兜娜撕芏唷.Doingallthisrequiresvisitstoapetstore.（做所有這些事情需要去寵物店）符合文意，故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Eitherduetoallergies(過敏)orlandlordagreements,peoplearerestrictedtohavepetsintheirhouseorapartment.”（由于過敏或和房東的約定，很多人在家里或公寓養(yǎng)魚受到限制）和下文“Thisisquiteagoodwaytohelpthemtohavefun.”（這是一個(gè)有助于他們開心的好方法）可推知，設(shè)空處會(huì)陳述盡管受到了限制，但一些人還是在家里或公寓養(yǎng)魚，因?yàn)檫@會(huì)讓他們開心。E.Evenwiththeserestrictions,manypeopleareallowedtokeepfish.（即使有這些限制，很多人被同意養(yǎng)魚）符合語境，選項(xiàng)中的theserestrictions呼應(yīng)上文的allergies(過敏)orlandlordagreements。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡_上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Myfather,asoldier,wasdeployed(調(diào)度)again.TheukuleleIhadwatchedhimplaywas___21___.Themusicalinstrumentsattherelifelessly.Itcameasa____22____becausewehadjustmovedintothepresentdutystationafewweeksbefore.Still,___23___wasthethingthatconnectedmyfatherwithHawaii,a____24____ofhishomeandculture.Welearnedaboutourancestorsandfamilytraditions____25____throughhismusic.Thistime,wewerefinallyhomeinHawaiiandexpectedto___26___aplacethatwe’donlyheardaboutinmyparents’stories.Wewerejustarriving,buthewasalready___27___toleaveagain,thistimewithoutus.Suddenly,weweresurroundedbystrangerelativesandaculturaltraditionofwhichweonlyknewthesurface.Wewere___28___inthefamily.Thepersonwhomadeusfit,ourfather,wasgone.Thatwaswhen___29___myfather’sukulele.AsIplucked(彈撥)thestringstunelessly,Ifelt___30___tohimandourHawaiianroots.SoIpickedupanoldsongbook,andI___31___myselftoplay.Iwouldplayand___32___asifmyfatherhadbeenhere.Aftermyfatherreturned,hewas___33___thatIhadlearnedsomuch.ButwhatIreallygained___34___ofwasthatmusichasthe___35___todotrulyextraordinarythingstyingustoourcultureandeachother,ourpastandourpresent.21.A.polished B.abandoned C.repaired D.sold22.A.puzzle B.challenge C.joke D.surprise23.A.music B.time C.duty D.poetry24.A.wish B.note C.reminder D.change25.A.finally B.mostly C.closely D.secretly26.A.fitinto B.searchfor C.talkabout D.lookup27.A.disappointed B.excited C.frightened D.prepared28.A.foreigners B.visitors C.relatives D.customers29.A.needed B.noticed C.received D.recognized30.A.stranger B.closer C.superior D.warmer31.A.persuaded B.advised C.taught D.inspired32.A.sing B.dance. C.read D.write33.A.annoyed B.confident C.shocked D.regretful34.A.support B.knowledge C.popularity D.experience35.A.chance B.right C.sense D.power【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.A29.B30.B31.C32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。記敘了作者在和父親分開的時(shí)間里，通過彈奏尤克里里維系著與父親的聯(lián)系，并通過音樂對自己的祖先和文化有了更深刻的認(rèn)識。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到他彈奏的尤克里里琴被拋下了。A.polished擦亮；B.abandoned拋棄；C.repaired修理；D.sold出售。根據(jù)上文“Myfather,asoldier,wasdeployedagain.”可知父親調(diào)走了，所以他的尤克里里琴被拋在家里。故選B。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓我很驚訝，因?yàn)槲覀儙字芮安虐岬浆F(xiàn)在的工作地點(diǎn)。A.puzzle謎題；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.joke玩笑；D.surprise驚訝。根據(jù)后文“becausewehadjustmovedintothepresentdutystationafewweeksbefore”以及“toleaveagain,thistimewithoutus.”可知作者他們剛來這里，父親就走了，而且不帶作者他們，這讓作者感覺驚訝。故選D。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，音樂仍然是把我父親和夏威夷聯(lián)系在一起的東西，它讓他想起他的家鄉(xiāng)和文化。A.music音樂；B.time時(shí)間；C.duty義務(wù)；D.poetry詩歌。結(jié)合后文中“throughhismusic”可知音樂把作者父親和夏威夷聯(lián)系起來。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，音樂仍然是把我父親和夏威夷聯(lián)系在一起的東西，它讓他想起他的家鄉(xiāng)和文化。A.wish希望；B.note筆記；C.reminder提醒的人/物；D.change改變。根據(jù)后文“ofhishomeandculture”可知音樂是能讓作者父親想起他的家鄉(xiāng)和文化的提醒物。故選C。【25題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們主要通過他的音樂了解我們的祖先和家庭傳統(tǒng)。A.finally終于；B.mostly主要地；C.closely緊密地；D.secretly秘密地。根據(jù)前后文“Welearnedaboutourancestorsandfamilytraditions…throughhismusic”可知作者他們主要通過父親的音樂了解他們的祖先和家庭傳統(tǒng)。故選B。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：這一次，我們終于在夏威夷找到了“家”，并希望融入一個(gè)我們只在父母的故事中聽說過的地方。A.fitinto融入；B.searchfor尋找；C.talkabout談?wù)?；D.lookup查閱。結(jié)合后文“aplacethatwe’donlyheardaboutinmyparents’stories”可知作者他們希望融入一個(gè)只在父母的故事中聽說過的地方。后文中“Thepersonwhomadeusfit”也有提示。故選A。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們剛到，但他已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了再走，這次不帶我們。A.disappointed失望的；B.excited激動(dòng)的；C.frightened害怕的；D.prepared準(zhǔn)備好的。結(jié)合后文“Thepersonwhomadeusfit,ourfather,wasgone.”可知作者他們剛到，父親就已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了再走。故選D。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在家里我們是外來人。A.foreigners外來人；