2022屆北京市日壇高三一診考試英語試卷含解析

2021-2022高考英語模擬試卷

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。

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4.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。

第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

1.Recently,aprogrammercriticizedthe“996"workscheduleemployeesworkfrom9amto9pm,6daysaweek,

withtheprospectofendingupinanintensivecareunit.

A.whereB.whenC.whichD.whose

2.Allofasudden,thethiefwalkingbehindayoungandprettyladyherpurse,intothecrowd.

A.seizing;rushedB.seized;rushedC.seizing;rushingD.seized;rushing

3.—That'sthethirdtimeyou'vedonethat!

—Yeah,?

A.whatofitB.what'son

C.whataboutD.whatfor

4.TheydideverythingintheirpowertosavethebuildingdatingbacktotheQingDynasty,buttheirefforts

were.

A.inturnB.intime

C.invainD.inneed

5.—Areweabouttohavingdinner?

—Yes,itinthediningroom.

A.serveB.isserving

C.isbeingservedD.hasbeenserving

6.Afterthefire,wouldotherwisebeaculturalcenterisnowreducedtoapileofashes.

A.thatB.it

C.whatD.which

7.Don'tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonowlaterinlife.

A.willberepaidB.wasbeingrepaid

C.hasbeenrepaidD.wasrepaid

8.—Didyouhavetodomuchforthedinnerparty?

一HeleneverythingbythetimeIgothome.

A.finishedB.wasfinishingC.wouldfinishD.hadfinished

9.Historicsitesimpresswriterswiththeiramazingbeauty,whichareagreatsourceof.

A.inspirationB.compositionC.occupationD.combination

10.Mr.Smartisbelievedtobeacapableperson,whoisequalchargeofthecompanyverywell.

A.totakeB.totakingC.tobetakenD.taking

11.Malenursesaredifficulttohireasmanymenrejectthisoutofthelong-existingdiscrimination.

A.onceptB.responsibility

C.identityD.personality

12.—Onlythosewhohavealotincommoncangetalongwell.

—?Oppositessometimesdoattract.

A.IhopenotB.Ithinkso

C.IappreciatethatD.Ibegtodiffer

13.Differenttastesamongtouristsfromoutsidethemainlandthelistofthecountry*sattractions.

A.topB.shapeC.leadD.show

14.Therearemanyfamousculturalrelicsinourcountry,manythousandsofyearsago.

A.datingbacktoB.datehackto

C.datedbacktoD.weredatedbackto

15.Thebosstheemployeesariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghasoccurredyet.

A.promisedB.hadpromisedC.wouldpromiseD.promises

16.Someexpertsfearthattoo-eadytocomputerswillhaveharmfulconsequencesforchildren'sdevelopment.

A.exposureB.extension

C.exhibitionD.expansion

17.WhileworkinginKunming,hecheckedtheweathereachmorningformonthsherealizeditwouldbethe

sameeveryday.

A.whenB.after

C.beforeD.since

18.Bythetimeherealizesthemistakehe,itwillbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.

A.hasmadeB.madeC.makesD.willmake

19.IthinkTomwillmakeagoodmonitor,I'dliketovoteforhim.

A.butB.for

C.orD.so

20.—Smokingshouldbebannedinpublic.

—?Itisharmfultoboththesmokersandnon-smokers.

A.rdlovetoB.It'smypleasure

C.PmwithyouonthatD.Ifsuptoyou

第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

21.（6分）Vinegarisgreat.Itmakessalad,friesanddumplingstastebetter;andyoucanevencleanyourwindows

withit.Andnow,accordingtoscientists,itmayevenhelptheplanefspopulationsurviveclimatechange.Researchers

fromtheRIKENCenterforSustainableResourceScience(CSRS)inJapanprovedthat.Theyfoundgrowingplantsin

vinegarmakesthemmoreresistanttodroughts.Thiscouldmeanthatinthefuture,worriesaboutclimatechange

affectingtheworld'ssupplyoffoodwillbemuchlower.

ThediscoverywasmadeaftertheresearchersstudiedtheArabidopsis,aplantknownforitsabilitytosurvivein

dryweather.Itwasfoundthatwhentheplantwasplacedindrought-likeconditions,itproducedachemicalcalled

acetate(醋酸鹽)一themaincomponentofvinegar.

Afterdiscoveringthis,thescientistsexperimentedfurtherbyaddingacetatetothesoilofotherplantsbeforethey

stoppedgivingthemwatercompletely.Afterleavingtheplantsfor14days,theyfoundthattheonestreatedwithacetate

hadsurvived,whiletheuntreatedplantshaddriedupanddied.

It'shopedthatthissimplemethodofsurvivalcouldsoonbeusedtohelpfannersindrycountrieskeeptheircrops

alive.wIntheexperiment,wetargetedthestaplefoodsoftheworld—rice,wheatandmaize...andprovedsuccessful"

JongMyongKim,co-authorofthestudy,toldPopularSciencemagazine.

Kimhasalreadybeenintouchwithpeoplearoundtheworldwhoareinterestedintryingthissimpleand

cost-effectivemethodoutforthemselvesfromfarmerstocompaniesandamateurgardeners.wNowwearetryingto

cooperatewiththemtomakeamethodtoapplythissystem,andmaketheprocessassimpleaspossible,hesaid.

Hopefullythismeanstheendofhungercausedbybadweatherinthefuture.

1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph1referto?

A.Vinegarmayhelpcreaturessurvivebadweather.

B.VinegarisfoundinplantsbyJapanesescientists.

C.Vinegarisveryusefulforcookingagoodmeal.

D.Vinegarismainlyusedbypeopletocleanhouses.

2、ScientistsinJapanfindfromtheirstudiesthat.

A.theArabidopsiscouldsurviveindryweatherbecauseoftheshape

B.soilconditioncouldbechangedbypouringvinegarcontinually

C.theacetatecanbeusedbyfarmerstoreplacethesoil

D.theplantstreatedwithacetatecouldsurvivedryconditions

3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.It'stoodifficultforfarmerstoacceptthemethod.

B.Howtodecreasethecostisthemainissue.

C.Themethodispromisingespeciallyinagriculture.

D.Keepingplantsalivemeansalotforscientists.

4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.JapaneseScientistsFindaPlant

B.VinegarCouldEndHunger

C.VinegarandFood

D.PlantsNeedWater

22.(8分)InaworldfullofKatesandSarahs,youmightthinkifdbenicetohaveauniquenametohelpmestand

outinacrowd.BeingnamedStacia(pronouncedstay-sha)isnotsoluckytome.I'llgettheoccasional.wYournameisso

prettyHafterintroducingmyself,buteventuallymynamecausesmemorefrustrationthanhappiness.Forexample,

MicrosoftWordalwaystriestotellmemynameisn'tarealword.IwasneverabletobuyacheesyMickeyMouse

keychainfromDisneylandasakid(inotherwords,Ididn'thaveachildhood).Icouldn'tevenpronouncemyownname

correctlyuntilIwasfive.

Ioncehadaprofessorwhopronouncedmynamedifferentlyeachclass.AfterawhileIstoppedcorrectinghim,and

that'sbeenmyreactiontostrangerseversince.Inothercages,I'drathertellthecashiermynameisStaciandsaveboth

ofus,aswellasthepeoplestandingbehindmeinline,valuabletime.

Meetingnewpeoplegivesmeanxiety,andI'verealizedit'seasierjusttolieaboutmynamealtogetherincertain

cases.ActuallyIdid—somanytimesthatBrittanyisnowmychosen"goingout"name.Itmayhavecausedsome

confusionwithmyfriendsatfirst,whowouldletoutasmalllaughorconfusedlook,butI'vetrainedthemtokeepa

straightfacewheneverIcameupwiththisfake(假的)name.NowgoingoutonweekendsmeansIgettohaveashiftof

identity.

Frustrationsaside,beingtheownerofauniquenamehasmademeappreciatethelittlethingsinlife.Someone

pronouncingorspellingmynamecorrectlyonthefirsttrybringsmemorejoythanitprobablyshould.Ialsolovewhen

ImeetanotherStaciaandwegettobondoveroursharedstruggles.

ToanyotherStaciasreadingthis—Ifeelyou,girl.P.S.IapologizetoanyrealBrittanysoutthere.Thanksforletting

meborrowyourname!

1、169.Howdoestheauthoroftenfeelabouthername?

A.Annoyed

B.Happy

C.Disappointed

D.Proud

2、171.Whydoestheauthoruseafakename?

A.Toenjoyadifferentidentity

B.Tostandoutinacrowd

C.Tosavetimeandtrouble

D.Tomakeafoolofherself

3、173.What'sthereactionofherfriendsto"Brittany"finally?

A.Theyarelaughingather

B.Theyareusedtoit

C.Theyarestronglyagainsther

D.Theyareconfusedaboutit

4、175.Howdoestheauthorsoundwhentellingthestory?

A.Guilty

B.Cautious

C.Curious

D.Humorous

23.（8分）Thegoings-onintheconsultingroomhavebecomemoretransparent的）recently.Thank

goodness.Weknowmorethanthelinessuppliedbythemoviesinwhichthetherapistknowsallandgiveswisdomto

thosewho,sittingonacouch,consultwiththem.Therapistsareinterestedinhowtheindividual,thecoupleorthe

familyexperiencesandunderstandstheirdifficulties.Thathastobeastartingplace.Wecanbeofvalueifourfirstport

ofcallistolisten,tograduallyfeelourselvesintotheshoesoftheother,toabsorbthefeelingsthatarebeingconveyed

andtothinkandthentosaysomewords.

ThethinkingandtalkingthatIdoinsidetheconsultingroomisatoddswithmanyfeaturesofordinary

conversation.Notthatitismysterious,butitisn'tconcernedwithtraditionalwaysofsharingoridentifying.The

therapistmakespatternsandtheorizes,buttheyarealsoreflectingonthewordsthatarespoken,howtheyaredelivered

andhowthewords,oncespoken,affectthespeakerandthetherapistthemselves.

Wordscangivevoicetopreviouslyunknownfeelingsandthoughts.That'swhyit'scalledthetalkingcure.Butjust

aswordsrevealso,too,cantheyobscure,andthisgetsustothelisteningandfeelingpartofthetherapy.Whateverand

howeverthewordsaredelivered,theywillhaveanimpactonmeasatherapist.Imightfeelhopeless,Imightfeel

energized,Imightfeelpushedaway,Imightfeeldemandedof,Imightfeelpulledtofindsolutions.

Theinfluenceoftheotheriswhatmakesanyrelationshippossibleorimpossible.Atherapististrainedtoreflecton

howthosewhoconsultwiththemaffectthem.AsItrytostepintotheshoesoftheotherandthenoutagain,myeffortis

toholdboththoseexperiences,plusanawarenessofmyeaseordiscomfortwithwhatIencounterintherelationship.

Feelingsarethebreadandbutterofourworkintheconsultingroom.Theyinformormodifyourideasandthey

enableustofindanemotionalbridgetowhatcansohurtforthepeopleweareworkingwith.Alongwiththemore

commonlythought-abouttheoriesandideaswehaveaboutthepsyche,theyareanessentialpartofthetherapists

toolkit,certainlyforme.Thetalkingcuremeanstalking,yes.Italsomeansthetherapistislistening,thinkingand

feeling.

1、Theword“obscure”(paragraph3)isclosestinmeaningto.

A.cancelB.clarify

C.confirmD.hide

2、Whichofthefollowingisthewritermostlikelytoagreewith?

A.Patients^nfluencehasbeenneglectedbytherapistsfortoolongatime.

B.Therapistsneedtothinkfromtheirownperspectivesaswellaspatients9.

C.Itisnoeasyjobfortherapiststorealizehowuncomfortabletheirpatientsare.

D.Therapistshadbetterpushawaythosenegativeemotionsacquiredfrompatients.

3、Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A,Awarenessoffeelings

B.It'sgoodtotalkandlisten

C.Theoriesthathelptherapists

D.Whatisthepointofbeingatherapist

24.(8分)SteveandIpulledtrashforfoursolidhourscontinuously,exceptforaboutfiveminuteswhenwestopped

totalk.MyshoulderhurtbadlyeachtimeIputanotherfullbarrelonit,andmylegsoccasionallytrembledasIwas

headingforthestreet.Buttherestofmesaid,“Go,trashman,go.”

Icouldnothaveimaginedtherewouldbejoyinthis.Dump.Lift.Walk.Lift.Walk.Thehoursflewby.Saturday

meantmanypeoplewereoutdoorsworkingintheirgardensorgreenhouses.Mostofthemlookedapproachableenough.

Therewasn'ttimeforlengthytalksbutenoughtoexchangegreetingsthatgowithcivilizedways.But1wasshockedto

findthatthiswasn'tthecase.

WhenIsaidhellotothem,mostoftentheresponsewaseithernothingatall,orasurprisingstarebecauseIhad

spoken.

OnewomaninahousecoatwasstartledasIcamearoundthecornerofherhouse.Atthesoundofmygreeting,she

gatheredherhousecoattightlyaboutherandretreatedquicklytothedoor.Iheardthelockclick.

Stevecomplainedangrilyonthelongridetothedump:"Theydon'trealizewe'rehumans.”

IhadoriginallyplannedtostayatthisemploymentforonlytwodaysbutnowI'mgoingtocontinue.Ihavedecided,

too,tokeepsayinghelloinpeople'syards.Itdoesn'tdoanyharm,anditstillfeelsright.Frankly,Pmdoinganessential

task.IleftthiscountryalittlecleanerthanIfounditthismorning.Notmanypeoplecansaythattonight.

JohnGardnerwrotethatasocietywhichpraisesitsphilosophersandlooksdownonitsplumbers（管子工）isin

trouble."Neitheritspipesnoritstheorieswillholdwater:'hewarned.Hemighthavegoneastepfurtherandcalledfor

respectforbothoureconomistsandourtrashmen;otherwise,they'llbothleaverubbishbehind.

1、Howdidthewomanfeelwhensheheardtheauthor'sgreeting?

A.Doubtful.B.Embarrassed.

C.Frightened.D.Pitiful.

2、Attheendofthepassage,what'stheauthor'sattitudetohisjob?

A.Heisashamedofit.B.Heisboastfulaboutit.

C.Heisproudofit.D.Heisn9tseriousaboutit.

3、Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?

A.Boththefacilitiesandthethoughtsofsocietymaygowrong.

B.Boththetrashmenandtheeconomistsshouldnotberespected.

C.Bothpracticeandtheoriesareimportant.

D.Boththepipesandthetheoriesmakesense.

4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AnExperienceasaTrashmanB.TheTrashman

C.EconomistsandTrashmenD.Misunderstanding

25.（10分）MyFirstDayofSchool

Fearstartedtakingover,IwaswalkingintomyfirstschoolinAmerica.IhadtraveledalongdistancefromIndiain

ordertojoinmyparents,whohadbeenforthreeyears,hopingAmericawouldhelpmyfuture.MyfatherdecidedthatI

wouldbebetteroffgoingtoschoolhere,soIenrolled（登記）inthelocalhighschoolinmynewtown.

IwasafraidhowIwoulddo.Onthefirstday,IwenttomysecondperiodclassafterIhadmissedmyfirst.With

anxiety,Ireachedforthedoor,openingitslowly.Withoutpayingattentiontomyclassmates,Iwentstraighttothe

teacherandaskedifthiswastherightclass.Withasoftvoiceheanswered.^Yes.^Hisvoicecomfortedmealittle.He

gavemeasheetcalledCourseRequirements,whichIwouldnevergetinIndiabecausewedidn'thaveanythinglikethat.

ThenheaskedmetochoosewhereIwouldsit.Ididn'tactuallywanttopickaseat.InIndiawehadfixedseats,soI

neverneededtoworryaboutthat.Ispenttherestoftheclasstakingnotesfromtheimageproducedbytheoverhead

projector.InIndianschools,wedidn'tusethetechnologywehad.Wehadtotakenotesastheteacherspoke.

Itwasnoon.IwasveryconfusedaboutwhenIwouldhavelunch.IwenttomynextclassandthebellrangasI

entered.IwentthroughtheregularprocessofaskingtheteacherifIwasintherightclass.Shesaid,"It'sstillfourth

period.”

“Butthebelljustrang,"Isaid.

Changingfromagentletonetoaharsher（刺耳的）one,shesaid,"Thatisthelunchbell,youngman.”

Iapologized.WithoutanotherwordIheadedforthecafeteria.Ifeltluckybecausewedidn'thavethisinIndia.

EveryconfusionseemedlikeabarrierIhadtogetthroughtoreachmygoal.Attheendoftheday,Iwasonmywayto

thebuswhichwedidn'thaveinIndiaeither.Ispottedmybusandsatdowninsidehappily.Iwasthinking,todaywasn't

obad.

1、TheauthorattendedanAmericanhighschoolbecause.

A.hisfatherpreferredAmericanschools

B.hisfamilywantedhimtohaveabrightfuture

C.hismotherhadworkedinitfor3years

D.hehadbeenlongingtoleavehishomeland

2、Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor'sfirstdayofschool?

A.Hewenttothewrongclassforthesecondperiod

B.Hemetsomeenthusiasticteachersandclassmates

C.HegottheCourseRequirementssheetfromhisclassmate

D.HeexperienceddifferencesfromtheIndianschoolsinmanyways

3、Howdidtheauthorfeelattheendoftheday?

A.WorriedB.Puzzled

C?RelievedD.Excited

第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、

C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).

26.（30分）“Billy!ItisFebruary25,2099,seveno'clock.Timeto1andgotoschool.”saidtheclock-robot2

amentalvoice.Thenthekitchen-robotgavehimtoastandeggs.Billywas3Whilehewaseating,thewholewall_

4aTVscreenandBillythoughtthatitwasgreathavingrobotstodo5forhim.Billyatehismealwatchinga

TV6,Whenhefinishedeating,the7gavehimhisclothesveryfastand8him.ThenBillywentoff

toschool.

WhenBillywentoutside,hesawacarwithno9waitingforhim.Thecarsaid,“Hello,Iwillbe10you

toschooleveryday.Nowwouldyouplease11yourschoolIDcard?”saidthecar.SoBillyshowedthecarhis

schoolIDcardandgotin.The12begantotalktoBillyabouthisschoolandhisschoolwork.Afterthatthecar

said,“Iwill13yourhomeworktoday14youwillhaveavery,veryimportantlessonto15inschool

today.Pleaseputyourhomeworkontheblackboard.^^Billydidso.

ThecarcheckedBilly'shomeworkandthensaid,“Youarea(n)16student.Allofyourhomework

is17Whenthey18theschool,Billysaidtothecar,"Goodbye.Seeyoulater."ThecarsaidtoBilly,

"Goodluckinyourschool.^^Billygotintotheclassroomand19hisseatatthefrontoftheroom.Thenhisteacher

cameinandsaid,^Welcome,children!Todaywewillhaveahardbut20lesson—'Howdorobotshelpahuman

being?、.”

1、A.getupB.showupC.takeupD.dressup

2、A.inB.onC.withD.by

3、A.angryB.amazedC.worriedD.quick

4、A.changedforB.becameofC.lookedlikeD.turnedinto

5、A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing

6、A.showB.screenC.setD.box

7、A.driver-robotB.clock-robotC.kitchen-robotD.clothes-robot

8、A.dressedB.cleanedC.pushedD.pleased

9、A.teacherB.studentC.robotD.driver

10、A.drivingB.accommodatingC.loadingD.holding

H、A.giveB.showC.sendD.lend

12、A.teacherB.driverC.robotD.car

13、A.checkB.prepareC.inspectD.do

14>A.ifB.whenC.butD.because

15、A.missB.learnC.studyD.check

16、A.energeticB.optimisticC.greatD.handsome

17、A.easyB.difficultC.correctD.wrong

18、A.rushedinB.gottoC.turnedtoD.leftoff

19、A.tookB.foundC.madeD.kept

20、A.easyB.importantC.boringD.influential

第二節(jié)(每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

27.(15分)TwonewsatellitesoftheBeiDouNavigation(導(dǎo)航)SatelliteSystem(BDS)L(send)intospacefromthe

XichangSatelliteLaunchCenterinSichuanProvinceonNovember19,2018.

Thesatellitesenteredtheorbit2.(safe)morethanthreehourslaterandwillworkwith17otherBDS-3satellites

alreadyinspace.Theyarealsothe42ndand43rd3,(member)oftheBDSsatellitefamily.Chinalaunchedthesesatellites

with4,aimofprovidingnavigationservicesforcountriesandregions5.participateintheBeltandRoadInitiative(倡

議）bytheendof2018.ThisisakeystepforBDSdeveloping6.aChineseexperimentalsystemtoaregionalandthen

a7.（globe）navigationsystem.Thepositioning合（accurate）oftheBDS-3systemhasbeenimprovedto5meters.9^（name）

aftertheChinesetermforthePlough（北斗七星），theBeiDousystemhasbeenservingChinafor18years.Thesystemis

expected10.（provide）first-classservicesaroundtheglobebytheendof2020.

第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）

28.（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，

每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：L每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第U處起）不計(jì)分。

Oneday,Iwascookinginthekitchenwhilethetelephonerang.Iwenttoansweritimmediately.Shewasmyclosefriend,

Lisa.Whenweweretalkingonphone,thefirealarmsounds.Iranbacktothekitchenonlytofindtheroomfullof

smokeandthebeefbadburnt.Iquicklyturnedoffthegas,openingallthewindows,andthenwentoutofthehouse.In

mysurprise,thetwofireengineswereoutsidemyhouse.Iwasquiteworrying.Itoldthefirementhatitwasmycareless

cookingwhichcausedtheheavysmoke.

第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分;

29.（25分）假定你是李華。你的外國網(wǎng)友Harry向你了解有關(guān)運(yùn)動(dòng)的情況，請你給他回復(fù)一封郵件，要點(diǎn)如下：

1.喜愛的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目；

2.當(dāng)前練習(xí)的情況；

3.你對未來的設(shè)想。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

DearHarry,

Nicetoreceiveyoure-mail.I'dlike