2023-2024學(xué)年陜西省西安市蓮湖區(qū)高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題(解析版)

PAGEPAGE3陜西省西安市蓮湖區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWhetheryou’retravelingwithteensorkids,there’sanoptionforyoubelow.JamaicaJamaicaisapreferredplacewhenitcomestofamilyvacationsforareason.Yes,thereareamazinglybluewatersandextensivesandybeaches—alsothere’splentyofadventurestobehad.PuttingupnightsattheRoyaltonNegril,youdon’tevenneedtoleavetheresorttoentertainyourfamily,sincethere’saminiwaterparkandkids’clubonsite.PuertoRicoPuertoRicoisgreatforAmericanfamiliesinneedofaneasygetaway,sinceUScitizensdon’tneedapassporttovisit.Aftersometimeontheisland’sbeautifulbeaches,exploretheUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteofOldSanJuan,whichisjusttwohoursfromMiamiandlessthanfourhoursfromNewYorkCity,byplane.DominicaFamilieswithactiveteensshouldheadtoDominicaforanoff-the-beaten-pathexperience.TheyoungestCaribbeanislandatjust26millionyearsold,it’snicknamedtheNatureIslandforitsthickrainforests,plentifulwaterfalls,andvolcano-fedhotsprings.Theislandisalsohometoone-of-a-kindattractionsliketheWaitukubuliSeaTrail—theonlyseakayaking（皮劃艇）trailintheCaribbean.BarbadosIfyouwantyourbeachvacationwithasideofhistory,headtoBarbados.Beyonditsgreatnaturalsetting,theislandhasanabundanceofculturalexperiencesthatareengagingandeducationalforadultsandchildrenalike.ExplorethecolonialarchitectureinBridgetown,tourtheBarbadosMuseum&HistoricalSociety,orappreciateworksbylocalartistsintheGalleryofCaribbeanArtinSpeightstown.1.WhatcankidsdoattheRoyaltonNegril?A.Havefuninthewaterpark. B.Appreciateworksbylocalartists.C.Experienceoff-the-beaten-path. D.ExploretheUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.2.WhatmakesiteasyforAmericanfamiliestovisitPuertoRico?A.Thesimilarculture. B.Thesamelanguage.C.Convenienttrafficmeans. D.Norequestforpassports.3.Thosewhowanttoexperienceculturalbeachtravelcanchoose______.A.Jamaica B.PuertoRico C.Barbados D.Dominica【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹了四個適合和孩子一起去的旅游目的地?！敬鸢浮?.A2.D3.C1．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Jamaica標(biāo)題下的最后一句話“PuttingupnightsattheRoyaltonNegril,youdon’tevenneedtoleavetheresorttoentertainyourfamily,sincethere’saminiwaterparkandkids’clubonsite.(在RoyaltonNegril過夜，你甚至不需要離開度假村去娛樂你的家人，因為這里有一個迷你水上公園和兒童俱樂部)”可知，孩子們可以在RoyaltonNegril的水上公園愉快地玩耍。故選A。2．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PuertoRico標(biāo)題下的第一句話“PuertoRicoisgreatforAmericanfamiliesinneedofaneasygetaway,sinceUScitizensdon’tneedapassporttovisit.(波多黎各非常適合需要輕松度假的美國家庭，因為美國公民不需要護照就可以訪問)”可知，美國公民不要護照就可以訪問PuertoRico，這讓美國人能夠輕松的去波多黎各游玩。故選D。3．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Barbados標(biāo)題下的第一、二句話“Ifyouwantyourbeachvacationwithasideofhistory,headtoBarbados.Beyonditsgreatnaturalsetting,theislandhasanabundanceofculturalexperiencesthatareengagingandeducationalforadultsandchildrenalike.(如果你想帶著歷史的一面去海灘度假，那就去巴巴多斯吧。除了絕佳的自然環(huán)境外，該島還有豐富的文化體驗，對成人和兒童都很有吸引力和教育意義)”可知，那些想體驗文化海灘旅行的人可以選擇Barbados。故選C。BInrecentfastpacedlife,thedemandsandpressuresofworkleftmefeelingmentallyandphysicallystressed.Idecidedtodisconnectfrommyjobforawhileforamentalbreak.Asanaturelover,withoutanydelay,IcametoBorneo,theworld’sthirdlargestisland.Uponarrival,alocalofferedtobemyguide,whichwasagreatbonusforme.HeledmethroughthejungleandIwasimmersedintheexploration.Oneday,theguideturnedoffthesmoothroadandtookmeacrossaroughhillsideinstead.Wepickedourwaygingerlywhensuddenly,aRafflesia(大王花)appearedintomyviewamongthosestones.Morethandelighted,Ibentdownandputmynosepracticallytofeeltheflower’sspecialflavour.AsIwasapproachingtheendofmytrip,therewasanotherthinghighlightingmytrip.Wehappenedtoencounterthekingofthecrocodile(鱷魚),asaltwatercrocodile,whichcangrowtoalengthof6meters.Itwasgettingdark.Whenweshoneaflashlighttowardsthemuddyshore,littlesoundsemergedinthedarknessasifsomethingunseenunderwaterhadbrokenthemud.Takingasecondlook,wespottedtwogreedyeyesjustabovethewaterline.Cautiously,weapproacheditandfinallycouldfigureoutitwasababycrocodile.Thoughalarmed,IcouldproudlytalkbigthatIhadencounteredahungrycrocodileinthewildandlivedtoback.ThoughIhavesettledbackintotheroutineofeverydaylifenow,theexperiencestayslongafterthephysicaljourneyended.Ihavelearnedtofacelife’schallengeswitharenewedoutlook.Despitetheratraceofdailyexistence,trytosparetimetospotthebreathtakingbeautyofnatureandtheheartfeltconnectionswithothers.Theworldoutthereissofascinating.4.WhydidtheauthorgotoBorneo?A.Toconnectbetterwithhiswork.B.Torelievehimselfofthepressures.C.Tokeepanappointmentwithalocalguide.D.Torewardhimselfforhispromotioninjob.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gingerly”inparagraph2mean?A.Patiently. B.Roughly. C.Cautiously. D.Rapidly.6.Whatisthetoneoftheauthorwhenrecallingthesaltwatercrocodilehemet?A.Critical. B.Instructive. C.Regretful. D.Humorous.7.Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodointhelastparagraph?A.Keepabalancebetweenlifeandwork.B.Battlewithchallengesfromlifeandwork.C.Researchyourdestinationsaheadoftime.D.Learnmoreabouttravelsafetyknowledge.【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。為了緩解工作上的壓力，作者來到了加里曼丹島旅行，并從旅行中得到感悟?！敬鸢浮?.B5.C6.D7.A4．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Inrecentfastpacedlife,thedemandsandpressuresofworkleftmefeelingmentallyandphysicallystressed.Idecidedtodisconnectfrommyjobforawhileforamentalbreak.Asanaturelover,withoutanydelay,IcametoBorneo,theworld’sthirdlargestisland.(在最近快節(jié)奏的生活中，工作的要求和壓力讓我感到身心壓力。我決定暫時中斷工作，暫時休息一下。作為一名自然愛好者，我毫不拖延地來到了世界第三大島婆羅洲。)”可知，工作的壓力讓我感到身心俱疲，于是，作者決定放下工作，好好休息一下，所以作者來到了婆羅洲。故選B。5．【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Oneday,theguideturnedoffthesmoothroadandtookmeacrossaroughhillsideinstead.(一天，導(dǎo)游離開了平坦的道路，帶我穿過了一個崎嶇的山坡。)”可知，這個導(dǎo)游沒有走平坦的小路，而是帶作者橫穿崎嶇的山坡。于是，作者小心翼翼地走著。根據(jù)語境可知，gingerly意為“謹(jǐn)慎地”。故選C。6．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thoughalarmed,IcouldproudlytalkbigthatIhadencounteredahungrycrocodileinthewildandlivedtoback.(雖然很驚慌，但我可以驕傲地大張旗鼓地說，我在野外遇到了一只饑餓的鱷魚，并活了下來。)”可知，作者可以驕傲地吹牛說自己在野外遇到過饑餓的鱷魚，而且還活了下來。這是一種詼諧的語氣。故選D。7．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Despitetheratraceofdailyexistence,trytosparetimetospotthebreathtakingbeautyofnatureandtheheartfeltconnectionswithothers.(拋開日常生活的激烈競爭，試著抽出時間去欣賞令人驚嘆的大自然之美，與他人建立真誠的聯(lián)系。)”可知，人們盡管每天都要忙于奔波，但還是要盡量抽出時間來發(fā)現(xiàn)大自然的美，在生活和工作之間保持平衡。故選A。CIn2018,RussianscientiststookasoilsamplefromdeepinthepermanentlyfrozengroundinSiberiainRussia.Theydiscoveredtwotinyroundnematodes(線蟲)frozeninthesample,whichweresosmallthattheycouldonlybeseenwithamicroscope.Testsshowedthesoilhadbeenfrozenforabout46,000yearsold.Whenthenematodeswereplacedinroomtemperature,theybegantomove.Thenematodesaretheoldestlivinganimalseverbroughtbacktolifeafterbeingfrozen.Thediscoverymakesupfortheresearchonhowlivingthingscansurviveintoughconditions.Nematodescanliveforyearsifthey’refrozen.Theycanenteraspecialstatecalledcryptobiosis(隱生現(xiàn)象),duringwhichanimalsreducetheiractivitiesandconsumeverylittleenergy.Beforethis,thelongestnematodehadbeenknowntosurvivethroughcryptobiosiswasabout25years.Beingrevivedafter46,000yearswasanewrecordforanykindofanimal.ThenematodesweresentofftoGermanytobestudiedfurther.Theresearchersfoundthetwonematodeswereanewspeciesofnematodethathadnotyetbeendiscovered.That’snottoosurprising,sincetherearesomanyspeciesofnematodes.Theyalsofoundthenematodeswereabletosurvivebeingfrozenbetteriftheyweredriedoutalittlefirst.Thedryinghelpedthemproduceaspecialsugarcalledtrehalose(海藻糖),whichhelpedthemsurvivebeingfrozen.Thescientistsalsostudiedanematodespeciesthatiscommonthesedays.Theyfoundthatitalsousesthesugartoprotectitselfincryptobiosis.Bothofthenematodeswerefemales.Beforelong,theybegantohavebabies.Somekindsofnematodes,includingthese,havetheabilityforasinglenematodetohavebabiesallbyitself.Thetwooriginalfrozennematodeshavenowdied.Buttheirbabieshadbabieswhohadbabies,andsoon.Mostofthenematodesonlyliveamonthortwounlesstheygetfrozen.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthetwonematodesinthefirstparagraph?A.Theyweretheoldestlivinganimals.B.Theywerestillalivewhenwarmedup.C.Theywerefoundonthesurfaceoftheground.D.Theywerethetiniestcreatureseverdiscovered.9.Howdoescryptobiosisaffectnematodes?A.Itslowsdownthepaceoftheirlife.B.Ithelpsthemspeeduptheirdrying.C.Itgetstheirbodytemperaturedown.D.Itstopsthemfromconsumingenergy.10.Whichofthefollowingisunrelatedtothenematodes’survivalforyears?A.Cryptobiosis. B.Trehalose. C.Theirsex. D.Drycondition.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FemalenematodeslivelongerthanthemaleonesB.NematodescanproduceyoungwhentheyarefrozenC.NematodesarerankedthefastestproducingcreaturesD.Short-livednematodessurvivedforthousandsofyears【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。俄羅斯科學(xué)家在西伯利亞的凍土中發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩只線蟲，它們依舊活著，科學(xué)家對其進行了研究的事情?！敬鸢浮?.B9.A10.C11.D8．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Whenthenematodeswereplacedinroomtemperature,theybegantomove.”（當(dāng)線蟲被放置在室溫下時，它們開始移動。）可知，當(dāng)把線蟲置于室溫環(huán)境下，他們開始動起來。故選B項。9．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theycanenteraspecialstatecalledcryptobiosis(隱生現(xiàn)象),duringwhichanimalsreducetheiractivitiesandconsumeverylittleenergy.”（它們可以進入一種特殊的狀態(tài)，稱為隱生現(xiàn)象,在此期間，動物減少了它們的活動并且消耗很少的能量。）可知，線蟲會進入一種叫做隱生的特殊狀態(tài)，在這種狀態(tài)下，動物會減少活動消耗極少的能量。故選A項。10．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Nematodescanliveforyearsifthey’refrozen.Theycanenteraspecialstatecalledcryptobiosis(隱生現(xiàn)象),duringwhichanimalsreducetheiractivitiesandconsumeverylittleenergy.”（如果被冷凍，線蟲可以存活數(shù)年。它們可以進入一種特殊的狀態(tài)，稱為隱生現(xiàn)象,在此期間，動物減少了它們的活動并且消耗很少的能量。）及第三段“Theyalsofoundthenematodeswereabletosurvivebeingfrozenbetteriftheyweredriedoutalittlefirst.Thedryinghelpedthemproduceaspecialsugarcalledtrehalose(海藻糖),whichhelpedthemsurvivebeingfrozen.”（他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果先干燥一點，線蟲在冷凍狀態(tài)下能夠更好地存活。干燥有助于他們產(chǎn)生一種名為海藻糖的特殊糖,幫助它們在冰凍中幸存下來。）可知，線蟲在隱生狀態(tài)下會減少能量消耗，它們變干后體內(nèi)會產(chǎn)生海藻糖來幫助它們存活下來，由此可知線蟲的性別和與它們能存活幾千年沒有因果關(guān)系。故選C項。11．【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Theydiscoveredtwotinyroundnematodes(線蟲)frozeninthesample,whichweresosmallthattheycouldonlybeseenwithamicroscope.Testsshowedthesoilhadbeenfrozenforabout46,000yearsold.Whenthenematodeswereplacedinroomtemperature,theybegantomove.”（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩種微小的圓形線蟲冷凍在樣本中，這些樣本太小了，只能用顯微鏡才能看到。測試表明，這塊土地已經(jīng)被凍了大約4.6萬年。當(dāng)線蟲被放置在室溫下時，它們開始移動。）及最后一段“Mostofthenematodesonlyliveamonthortwounlesstheygetfrozen.”（大多數(shù)線蟲只有一兩個月的壽命，除非它們被冷凍。）可知，文章主要闡述了俄羅斯科學(xué)家在4.6萬年的凍土的中發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩只線蟲，雖然它們正常的壽命只有一兩個月，但是當(dāng)它們被放置在室溫下卻存活了下來的事情，故文章最佳的標(biāo)題是短命線蟲存活了數(shù)千年。故選D項。DIfyouliveinSanDiego,you’veprobablynoticedsomestrangelycolouredwateronthebeachlately.Youmightwonderaboutredtide,butit’sactuallyanintentionaljob.ScientistsatUCSanDiegoScrippsInstitutionofOceanographyandUniversityofWashingtonhavebeenexperimentingwithdyeing(給……染色)theoceanatSanDiegobeachpink.Whatcouldtheypossiblybeupto?Thisisbeingdoneforastudythatexamineshowfreshwaterontheoutletoftheseaisintermixingwiththeocean.TheexperimentiscalledPlumesinNearshoreConditions(PiNC).“I’mexcitedbecausethisresearchhasn’tbeendonebeforeandit’sareallyuniqueexperiment,”saidSarahGiddings,aScrippscoastaloceanographerleadingthePiNCstudy.“Theaimistounderstandhowfreshwaterinteractswithoceanwaves,sinceitisusuallywarmerthanoceanwaterandmorefloating.”Theresearchersarehopingthatthispinkdyeexperimentwillhelpthemrecordmoreabouthowpollutantsandsediments(沉積物)aredistributedintheoceanwaterthroughtheseadditionsoffreshwater.Thefreshwaterisdyedpinksothattheteamcaneasilykeeptrackofitwhenfreshwaterisaddedtotheseawater.Thedyedoesnotthreatenthewildlifelivingthereandisthenspottedasitprogressesinthewater.Itistrackedbysensorsonpolesthatarelocatedalongthesandaswellasbydrones(無人駕駛飛機).There’salsoadevicethattracksthelightthatisgivenoffbythepinkdye.Thesensorsrecordtheheightofthewaves,oceancurrentsandtemperature.Giddingsexplained,“We’rebringingtogetheralotofdifferentpeoplewithdifferentexpertise.Ithinkit’sgoingtohavesomereallygreatresultsandimpacts.Wewillcombinetheresultsfromthisexperimentwithaformerfieldstudyandcomputermodelstohelpusfurtherunderstandhowthedyedfreshwaterspreads.”12.Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopicofthetext?A.Byshowingastrangephenomenon. B.Bymakinganassumption.C.Byquotingawell-knownsaying. D.Bymakingacomparison.13.WhatisthepurposeofPlumesinNearshoreConditions?A.Tointroducethebenefitsofdyeingseawaterpink.B.Toshowhowfreshwatercombineswithseawater.C.Toprovethatfreshwateriswarmerthanseawater.D.Toexaminetheimpactoffreshwateronseawater.14.Whyispinkdyeusedbytheteam?A.Itcanenormouslygiveofflight. B.Itcanfunctionwellwithsensors.C.Itcanberecognizedeasilyandeco-friendly. D.Itseemstoattractwildlifeandspreadrapidly.15.WhatwilltheresearchersdoaccordingtoGiddings’wordsinthelastparagraph?A.Challengetheresultswithsomeexperts. B.Buildmorescientificcomputermodels.C.Experimentwithdyesofanothercolour. D.Integratemoreresultsofformerstudies.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了一項關(guān)于海洋出口的淡水如何與海洋混合的研究?！敬鸢浮?2.A13.B14.C15.D12．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“IfyouliveinSanDiego,you’veprobablynoticedsomestrangelycolouredwateronthebeachlately.Youmightwonderaboutredtide,butit’sactuallyanintentionaljob.ScientistsatUCSanDiegoScrippsInstitutionofOceanographyandUniversityofWashingtonhavebeenexperimentingwithdyeing(給……染色)theoceanatSanDiegobeachpink.Whatcouldtheypossiblybeupto?(如果你住在圣地亞哥，你可能會注意到最近海灘上有一些奇怪的顏色的水。你可能會對赤潮感到好奇，但這實際上是一項有意為之的工作。加州大學(xué)圣地亞哥分校斯克里普斯海洋學(xué)研究所和華盛頓大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們一直在試驗將圣地亞哥海灘的海洋染成粉紅色。他們到底想干什么?)”和第二段中“Thisisbeingdoneforastudythatexamineshowfreshwaterontheoutletoftheseaisintermixingwiththeocean.(這是為了一項研究而做的，該研究調(diào)查了海洋出口的淡水是如何與海洋混合的。)”可知，作者在第一段中展示圣地亞哥海灘上的奇特現(xiàn)象，進而引出文章的話題：關(guān)于海洋出口的淡水如何與海洋混合的研究。故選A項。13．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thisisbeingdoneforastudythatexamineshowfreshwaterontheoutletoftheseaisintermixingwiththeocean.TheexperimentiscalledPlumesinNearshoreConditions(PiNC).(這是為了一項研究而做的，該研究調(diào)查了海洋出口的淡水是如何與海洋混合的。這項實驗被稱為近岸條件下的羽流(PiNC)。)”可知，近岸條件下羽流(PiNC)實驗是為了展示淡水是如何與海水結(jié)合的。故選B項。14．【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thefreshwaterisdyedpinksothattheteamcaneasilykeeptrackofitwhenfreshwaterisaddedtotheseawater.Thedyedoesnotthreatenthewildlifelivingthereandisthenspottedasitprogressesinthewater.(淡水被染成粉紅色，這樣當(dāng)?shù)尤牒Ｋ袝r，團隊可以很容易地跟蹤它。這種染料不會威脅到生活在那里的野生動物，然后隨著它在水中的發(fā)展而被發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”可知，團隊使用粉色染料是因為它既容易識別又環(huán)保。故選C項。15．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Giddings的話“Wewillcombinetheresultsfromthisexperimentwithaformerfieldstudyandcomputermodelstohelpusfurtherunderstandhowthedyedfreshwaterspreads.(我們將把這次實驗的結(jié)果與以前的實地研究和計算機模型結(jié)合起來，幫助我們進一步了解染色的淡水是如何擴散的。)”可知，研究人員接下來將整合更多前人的研究成果。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。MakingtheswitchtoahealthydietSwitchingtoahealthydietdoesn’thavetobeanallornothingproposal.Youdon’thave,tocompletelyavoidfoodsyouenjoy.____16____.Thatusuallyonlyleadstocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.Abetterapproachistomakeafewsmallchangesatatime.Preparemoreofyourownmeals.____17____.Itcanmakeyoubettermonitorexactlywhatgoesintoyourfoods.You’lleatfewercaloriesandavoidthechemicaladditives,addedsugarandunhealthyfats.____18____.Whencuttingbackonunhealthyfoodsinyourdiet,it’simportanttoreplacethemwithhealthyalternatives.Replacingdangeroustransfats(反式脂肪酸)withhealthyfatswillmakeapositivedifferencetoyourhealth.Focusonhowyoufeelaftereating.Thiswillhelpdevelophealthynewhabitsandtastes.____19____.Themorejunkfoodyoueat,themorelikelyyouaretofeeluncomfortable,boringortiredout.Drinkplentyofwater.Waterhelpsflushoursystemsofwasteproductsandpoison,yetmanyofusgothroughlifedehydrated(脫水的)—causingtiredness,lowenergy,andheadaches.It’scommontomistakethirstforhunger.____20____A.MaketherightchangesB.SettingyourselfupforsuccessC.Andyoudon’thavetochangeeverythingallatonceD.Eatingahealthierdietdoesn’thavetobecomplicatedE.Thehealthierthefoodsyoueat,thebetteryou’llfeelafteramealF.SodrinkingenoughwaterwillalsohelpyoumakehealthierfoodchoicesG.Cookingmoremealsathomecanhelpyoutakechargeofwhatyou’reeating【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了如何改變飲食習(xí)慣，讓自己吃的更健康。【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.E20.F16．【解析】上文“Youdon’thave,tocompletelyavoidfoodsyouenjoy.(你不必完全避免的喜歡的食物)”以及下文“Thatusuallyonlyleadstocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.Abetterapproachistomakeafewsmallchangesatatime.(這通常只會導(dǎo)致作弊或放棄你的新飲食計劃。一個更好的方法是一次做一些小的更改)”說明改變飲食習(xí)慣不必一次完成?？仗庬樈由衔?，和下文形成因果關(guān)系。C項“Andyoudon’thavetochangeeverythingallatonce（你不需要一下子改變所有的東西）”中的And起到順接上文的作用。下文中的That指代C項中的“changeeverythingallatonce”這件事，說明“沒有必要一下子改變一切，否則就會導(dǎo)致你有可能會放棄你的新飲食計劃”。故選C。17．【解析】上文“Preparemoreofyourownmeals.(多準(zhǔn)備一些你自己的飯菜)”說明需要為自己多準(zhǔn)備一些飯菜?？仗庍M一步解釋這樣做的原因。G項“在家多做飯可以幫助你控制自己的飲食”符合語境。G項中的“Cookingmoremeals”和上文“Preparemoreofyourownmeals.”相呼應(yīng)。故選G。18．【解析】下文“Whencuttingbackonunhealthyfoodsinyourdiet,it’simportanttoreplacethemwithhealthyalternatives.(當(dāng)你減少飲食中不健康的食物時，用健康的替代品代替它們是很重要的)”說明本段所給建議為要用健康的食物替代飲食中不健康的食物。A項“做出正確的更改”適合作本段的主旨句。故選A。19．【解析】上文“Focusonhowyoufeelaftereating.(專注于你吃東西后的感覺)”說明要關(guān)注吃東西后的感覺?？仗幒拖挛摹澳愠缘睦称吩蕉?，你就越可能感到不舒服、無聊或疲憊”并列描述吃東西后的感覺。E項“你吃的食物越健康，飯后感覺就越好?！狈险Z境。故選E。20．【解析】上文“Waterhelpsflushoursystemsofwasteproductsandpoison,yetmanyofusgothroughlifedehydrated（脫水的）—causingtiredness,lowenergy,andheadaches.It’scommontomistakethirstforhunger.(水有助于沖洗我們的廢物和毒素系統(tǒng)，但我們中的許多人一生都處于脫水狀態(tài)，導(dǎo)致疲勞、低能量和頭痛。把口渴誤認(rèn)為饑餓是很常見的)”說明多喝水的好處，如果喝水不足會導(dǎo)致脫水現(xiàn)象。F項中的Thus和前文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，“drinkingenoughwater”和本段的主旨句“Drinkplentyofwater.”相呼應(yīng)，表明“喝足夠的水也有助于你選擇更健康的食物”。故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。We’veallhadawrongnumbertextbefore,buthowoftendotheyleadtoyears-longfriendships?ForJamalandWanda,a___21___texthasresultedinsevenyearsofsharedThanksgivingdinners!In2016,the17-year-oldJamalreceivedatext,___22___fromhisgrandma,askingifhewould___23___ittoThanksgivingthatyear.Afterexchangingafew___24___,itsoonbecameclearthatthetext’ssender,Wanda,___25___,wasnothisgrandma.SheinvitedJamaltothe___26___though,andafterJamal___27___theexchangeontheInternet,thepairwentviral.SpendingThanksgivingtogetherhasbecomean___28___thingforJamalandWanda.Theyearof2023will___29___thetradition’seighthanniversary.Theirfriendshiphasgonefromstrengthtostrength,eventhrough____30____likethepassingofWanda’shusband,Lonnie.Wandasaid,“Jamal____31____methatagemadeabsolutelynodifference.WhenJamalcamealong,myhusbandandIandJamalandhisgirlfriend,wewouldgoouteatingdinnerthrough-outtheyeartogetherandwewouldjustlosealltrackof____32____.Onetime,wewereatarestaurantforthreeorfourhoursandIcouldn’t____33____weweretherethatlong.Wekepttalking!Itwasjustsucha____34____conversation.”Thankstothewrongnumbertext,thetwohavedevelopedadeepfriendship.Thepairhaveevengoneinto____35____together,launchingawatercompany.21.A.suitable B.mistaken C.strange D.tricky22.A.supposedly B.admittedly C.hurriedly D.decidedly23.A.take B.have C.make D.get24.A.objects B.options C.journals D.texts25.A.infact B.afterall C.atonce D.ontime26.A.wedding B.dinner C.dance D.concert27.A.broke B.found C.left D.shared28.A.annual B.easy C.occasional D.obvious29.A.place B.view C.mark D.receive30.A.events B.festivals C.celebrations D.elements31.A.offered B.taught C.advised D.promised32.A.goals B.food C.projects D.time33.A.believe B.claim C.prove D.mention34.A.stable B.brave C.wonderful D.modest35.A.amusement B.business C.education D.politics【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是一條錯誤的短信息讓兩個人建立了友誼并一直持續(xù)下去的故事?！敬鸢浮?1.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.A31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B21．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對于Jamal和Wanda來說，一條錯誤的短信導(dǎo)致了七年的感恩節(jié)晚餐！A.suitable適合的；B.mistaken錯誤的，被誤解的；C.strange奇怪的；D.tricky難對付的。根據(jù)上文中的“We’veallhadawrongnumbertextbefore,buthowoftendotheyleadtoyears-longfriendships?”可知，此處指的是“錯誤的”短信，wrong與mistaken意義相近。故選B項。22．【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：2016年，17歲的Jamal收到了一條短信，據(jù)說是他奶奶發(fā)來的，問他當(dāng)年能不能過感恩節(jié)。A.supposedly據(jù)說；B.admittedly誠然；C.hurriedly匆忙地；D.decidedly果斷地。根據(jù)下文中的“Afterexchangingafew_____,itsoonbecameclearthatthetext’ssender,Wanda,_____,wasnothisgrandma.”可知，在互發(fā)幾條信息后，發(fā)現(xiàn)不是他的奶奶，由此可知，此處應(yīng)為“據(jù)說”符合語境。故選A項。23．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2016年，17歲的Jamal收到了一條短信，據(jù)說是他奶奶發(fā)來的，問他當(dāng)年能不能參加感恩節(jié)活動。A.take帶走；B.have有；C.make使，讓；D.get得到。根據(jù)下文中的“SheinvitedJamaltothe_____though”可知，她還邀請Jamal過感恩節(jié)，由此可知，此處指的是“參加”感恩節(jié)活動，makeit意為“出席或參加某個活動”符合語境。故選C項。24．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在互發(fā)了幾條短信后，很快就發(fā)現(xiàn)短信的發(fā)送者Wanda實際上并不是他的奶奶。A.objects客觀事物；B.options選擇；C.journals雜志；D.texts文本。根據(jù)下文中的“itsoonbecameclearthatthetext’ssender”可知，此處指的是互發(fā)幾條“短信”符合語境。故選D項。25．【解析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：在交換了幾條短信后，很快就發(fā)現(xiàn)短信的發(fā)送者Wanda實際上并不是他的奶奶。A.infact事實上；B.afterall畢竟；C.atonce立刻；D.ontime按時。根據(jù)上文中的“itsoonbecameclearthatthetext’ssender”以及下文中的“wasnothisgrandma.”可知，很顯然發(fā)短信的不是他的奶奶，所以此處應(yīng)為“事實上”符合語境。故選A項。26．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她邀請Jamal參加晚宴，Jamal在網(wǎng)上分享了這段對話后，這兩人迅速走紅。A.wedding婚禮；B.dinner晚餐；C.dance舞蹈；D.concert音樂會。根據(jù)上文中的“askingifhewould____ittoThanksgivingthatyear.”以及下文中的“WhenJamalcamealong,myhusbandandIandJamalandhisgirlfriend,wewouldgoouteatingdinnerthrough-outtheyeartogether”可知，在首次發(fā)短信邀請Jamal一起過感恩節(jié)到后來每年經(jīng)常一起外出吃晚餐，由此可知，此處指的是邀請他一起吃“晚餐”符合語境。故選B項。27．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她邀請Jamal參加晚宴，Jamal在網(wǎng)上分享了這段對話后，這對情侶迅速走紅。A.broke打破；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.left離開；D.shared分享。根據(jù)下文中的“theexchangeontheInternet,thepairwentviral.”可知，這兩人在網(wǎng)上火了，由此可推斷，此處指的是Jamal把這段對話在網(wǎng)上“分享”符合語境。故選D項。28．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一起過感恩節(jié)已經(jīng)成為Jamal和Wanda每年的要做的事情。A.annual每年的；B.easy容易的；C.occasional偶然的；D.obvious顯而易見的。根據(jù)下文中的“Theyearof2023will_____thetradition’seighthanniversary.”可知，2023年將是他們一起過感恩節(jié)的第八周年了，由此可知，此處應(yīng)為“每年的”符合語境。故選A項。29．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2023年將是這一傳統(tǒng)的八周年紀(jì)念。A.place放置；B.view看；C.mark紀(jì)念，慶賀；D.receive收到。根據(jù)上文中的“SpendingThanksgivingtogetherhasbecomean_____thingforJamalandWanda.”可知，在一起過感恩節(jié)是他們兩個人每年要做的事情，由此可知，2023年將是他們“慶賀”這一傳統(tǒng)八周年的一年。故選C項。30．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她們的友誼越來越牢固，即使經(jīng)歷了像Wanda的丈夫Lonnie去世這樣的事件。A.events重大活動；B.festivals節(jié)日；C.celebrations慶祝；D.elements要素。根據(jù)下文中的“l(fā)ikethepassingofWanda’shusband,Lonnie.”可知，Wanda的丈夫去世應(yīng)是“重大事件”符合語境。故選A項。31．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Jamal告訴我，年齡絕對沒有影響。A.offered提供；B.taught教；C.advised建議；D.promised承諾。根據(jù)下文中的“WhenJamalcamealong,myhusbandandIandJamalandhisgirlfriend,wewouldgoouteatingdinnerthrough-outtheyeartogether…”可知，Jamal與他的女朋友和Wanda與她的丈夫經(jīng)常一起出去聚餐，由此可知，Wanda學(xué)會了年齡沒有影響，所以此處為Jamal“教”給她年齡沒什么影響。故選B項。32．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Jamal出生后，我丈夫和我，還有Jamal和他的女朋友，我們一整年都在一起出去吃晚飯，我們完全忘記了時間。A.goals目標(biāo)；B.food食物；C.projects工程；D.time時間。根據(jù)下文中的“Onetime,wewereatarestaurantforthreeorfourhoursandIcouldn’t______weweretherethatlong.”可知，Jamal與Wanda他們在一起出去吃飯，有一次在一家餐館待了3、4個小時，由此可知，此處指的是他們都忘記了“時間”符合語境。故選D項。33．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，我們在一家餐館待了三四個小時，我簡直不敢相信我們在那里待了那么久。A.believe相信；B.claim聲稱；C.prove證明；D.mention提到。根據(jù)上文中的“Onetime,wewereatarestaurantforthreeorfourhours”可知，他們在一家餐館待了3、4個小時，這是讓她不敢“相信”的事情。故選A項。34．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那真是一次美妙的談話。A.stable穩(wěn)定的；B.brave勇敢的；C.wonderful精彩的；D.modest謙虛的。根據(jù)上文中的“Onetime,wewereatarestaurantforthreeorfourhoursandIcouldn’t______weweretherethatlong.Wekepttalking!”可知，他們在一家餐館待了3、4個小時，一直在聊天，由此可知，他們的談話應(yīng)該是“美妙的”符合語境。故選C項。35．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：兩人甚至一起經(jīng)商，成立了一家自來水公司。A.amusement娛樂；B.business商業(yè)；C.education教育；D.politics政治。根據(jù)下文中的“l(fā)aunchingawatercompany.”可知，他們還在一起成立了自來水公司，由此可知，此處指的是“商業(yè)”符合語境。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Shennongjiaissaidtobetheplace___36___YanDioncelived.Somevisitorshopethattheymayevenencounterthelegendarywildmenintheremotemountainsandvirgin(原始狀態(tài)的)forests.Theydonot___37___(actual)seeanywildman,buttheyareattractedbyShennongjia’svibrant(充滿生機的)ecology,richbiodiversityandkarstlandforms.Shennongjia’sbeauty___38___(vary)overtheyearasnaturetakesitscourse.___39___(tourist)canenjoyflowerblossomsinspring,beshadedfromthesummerheat,appreciateredleavesinautumn___40___goskiinginwinter.In2010s,Chinaannounceditsplanof___41___(build)10pilotnationalparksforecosystempreservation,includinginShennongjiaForestryDistrict,HubeiProvince.OfficialdatashowedthatvisitorstoShennongjiaForestryDistrict___42___(reach)about15.5millionin2020.By2025,theforestareaaims___43___(increase)thatannualfiguretoover30million,withtourismrevenueofmorethan10billionyuan.Visitorscanemployabusserviceiftheydonotdrive___44___(they)owncars.ThejourneytoShennongjiawilltakeuptofivehoursfromnearbyYichangorShiyan.InMay,2021,Shennongjiawasconnectedto____45____newlybuiltfreeway,makingthemountainousregionmoreaccessible.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國最受歡迎的景點之一——神農(nóng)架?！敬鸢浮?6.where37.actually38.varies39.Tourists40.and41.building42.reached43.toincrease44.their45.a36．【解析】考查定語從句。句意：神農(nóng)架據(jù)說是炎帝曾經(jīng)住過的地方。分析可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為place，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語，所以空白處應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where。37．【解析】考查連詞。句意：他們實際上并沒有看到任何野人，但是他們被神農(nóng)架的生機勃勃的生態(tài)、豐富的生物多樣性和喀斯特地貌所吸引。修飾動詞see，應(yīng)用副詞作狀語，故填actually。38．【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：隨著自然的發(fā)展，神農(nóng)架的美景每年都在變化。根據(jù)下文“overtheyearasnaturetakesitscourse”可知，此處的時態(tài)要用一般現(xiàn)在時，結(jié)合主語Shennongjia’sbeauty，是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，所以此處用varies。故填varies。39．【解析】考查名詞。句意：游客可以在春天賞花，在夏天乘涼，在秋天賞紅葉，在冬天滑雪。作主語用名詞tourist，可數(shù)名詞，此處表示不止一個游客，用復(fù)數(shù)，故填Tourists。40．【解析】考查連詞。句意：游客可以在春天賞花，在夏天乘涼，在秋天賞紅葉，在冬天滑雪。根據(jù)句意，enjoyflowerblossomsinspring，beshadedfromthesummerheat，appreciateredleavesinautumn和go