英語(yǔ)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)用法講解課件

Teachingcoursewareoncomparativeandsuperlative目錄CONTENTSThedefinitionsofcomparativeandsuperlativelevelsComparativelevelcompositionrulesComparativeusageThehighestlevelofcompositionrulesUsingSuperlativesNotesoncomparativeandsuperlativelevels01ThedefinitionsofcomparativeandsuperlativelevelsComparativelevelisusedtocomparetwopeopleorthings,emphasizingthesimilarityordifferencebetweenthemItiscommonlyformedbyadding"-er"totheendofanobjectiveorbyusingtheadvocate"more"infrontofanobjectiveForexample,"teller"isthecomparativeformof"high",and"morebeautiful"isthecomparativeformof"beautiful"DefinitionofcomparativelevelThehighestdefinitionisusedtodescribethebestormostextremesituation,emphasizingthesuperiorityorexcellenceofsomethingItiscommonlyformedbyadding"-est"totheendofanobjectiveorbyusingtheadvocate"most"infrontofanobjectiveForexample,"Tallest"isthesuperiorformof"tall",and"mostbeautiful"isthesuperiorformof"beautiful"Thehighestdefinition02ComparativelevelcompositionrulesWeakadjustmentreferstotheformationofcomparativeandsuperlativeobjectivesbyadding"-er"and"-est"totheendoftheobjectiveThisruleappliestomostobjectivesinEnglish,butthereareexceptionsForexample,thecomparativeformof"happiness"is"happiness",andthesuperiorformis"happiness"WeakconnectionSomeobjectiveshaveirregularchangesintheircomparativeandsuperiorformsThesechangesdonotfollowtheregular"-er"and"-est"patternsForexample,thecomparativeformof"good"is"better",andthesuperiorformis"best"Othercommonirregularobjectivesinclude"bad","ill","little","much","many",and"few"IrregularchangesTherearesomespecialcircleswheretheregularrulesofcomparativeandsuperiorobjectiveformationdonotapplyForexample,whencomparingtwothings,itismorecommontousethe"-er"forminstalledoftheregular"-er"or"-est"form.Inaddition,whencomparingmorethantwothings,itismorecommontousethe"-est"forminstalledoftheregular"-er"or"-est"formSpecialcircles03ComparativeusageExample"Thecatismoreplayfulthanthedog."ExplanationThispresencecomparestheplayfulnessofthecatwiththatofthedog,indicatingthatthecatismoreplayfulForm"XismoreYthanZ"IndicatorsacomparisonbetweenthetwoForm01"XisthemostYofthegroup"Example02"TheTallestpersonintheroomisthemostnotifiable."Explanation03Thissensitivitycomparestheheightandnotabilityofmultiplepeopleintheroom,indicatingthattheTallestpersonisthemostnotifiableIndicatingacomparisonofthreeormorefactors"XisY%moreYthanZ"Form"Thefastfoodrestaurantis20%moreconservativethanthesitdownrestaurant."ExampleThispresencecomparestheconventionoftworestaurants,indicatingthatthefastfoodrestaurantis20%moreconservativeExplanationComparisonofmultipleanddegree04ThehighestlevelofcompositionrulesWeakconjunctionreferstothegraphicalrulesthatapplywhenformingthecomparativeandsuperlativeformsofobjectivesandadvertisementsinEnglishItisasubsetofthemoregeneralgraphicalrulesthatgoverntheuseoftheseforms,anditisimportanttounderstandtheweakconnectiontocorrectlyusethecomparativeandsuperiorformsWeakconnectionWeakconnectionisoftenassociatedwiththeuseofsuffixes(-er,-est)toformthecomparativeandsuperiorforms,objectivelyHowever,thereareexceptionstotheweakconjunctionrules,andsomeobjectionsandadvertisementshaveirregularformsthatdonotfollowtheregularpatternWeakconnectionIrregularchangesIrregularchangesarechangesintheformofwordsthatdonotfollowtheregularrulesofEnglishgrammarInthecontextofcomparativeandsuperlativeusage,regularchangescanoccurinthecomparativeandsuperlativeformsofobjectivesandfollowersSomecommonexamplesofregularchangesincludewordslike"good"(better,best),"bad"(word,best),and"far"(farther,farther)Understandingtheseirregularchangesisessentialforproperuseofthecomparativeandsuperiorforms,asfailuretousethemcorrectlycanleadtofusionorincorrectcommunicationSpecialcirclesSpecialcirclesrefertospecificsituationswheretherulesofcomparativeandsuperlativeusagemayvaryorbesubjecttospecialconsiderationOneexampleofaspecialcircleistheuseofthecomparativeandsuperiorformsincontextualcomparison,suchascomparingtwoormoreitemswithinaspecificsituationorcontextAnotherexampleistheuseofthecomparativeandsuperlativeformsinfixedexpressionsorperiods,wherethemeaningoftheexpressionorperiodmaynotbeclearfromtheindividualwordsaloneUnderstandingthesespecialcirclesisessentialforproperuseofthecomparativeandsuperiorforms,astheycanaffectthemeaningandclarityofthecommunication05UsingSuperlativesAmongthreeormoreobjects,representsthemostofSummarywordWhenwewanttoexpressourselvesamongthreeormoreobjects,whichoneisthemostWhenusing,thesuperlativeformcanbeused.Forexample,"Amongthesethreecities,Londonisthebusiest."DetaileddescriptionWithinacertainrange,itindicatesthemostofSummaryWhenwewanttoexpresswithinaspecificrange,whichoneisthemostWhenusing,thesuperlativeformcanalsobeused.Forexample,"Amongalltheparticipantsinthecompetition,heisthebest."DetaileddescriptionReferstothehighestdegreeorlevel.SummarywordDetaileddescriptionThesuperlativeformcanalsobeusedtorepresentthehighestdegreeorlevelofsituation.Forexample,"ThisisthemostbeautifulsceneryIhaveeverseeninmylife."06NotesoncomparativeandsuperlativelevelsAvoidusinginappropriatecomparativestructuresSummary:InEnglish,theuseofcomparativeandsuperlativestructuresrequirescautiontoavoidinappropriatecomparativestructures.Detaileddescription:Comparativeandsuperlativestructuresneedtofollowgrammarruleswhenusedtoavoiderrors.Forexample,inthecomparativeandsuperlativeformsofadjectives,itisimportanttopayattentiontothechangesattheendoftheword,suchasthecomparativeformof"beautiful"being"morebeautiful"andthesuperlativeformbeing"mostbeautiful".Atthesametime,becarefulnottoconfusethecomparativeandsuperlativestructureswithothergrammaticalstructures,suchasthedifferencebetween"morethan"and"more...than".Conclusion:Incomparativeandsuperlativesentences,theobjectofcomparisonneedstomaintainconsistency.Detaileddescription:Incomparativeandsuperlativesentences,theobjectsofcomparisonneedtobeconsistent,thatis,theaspectsandstandardsofcomparisonneedtobethesame.Forexample,in"TomisTallerthanJack",heightiscompared,whilein"TomistheTallestpersonintheclass",heightiscompared.Iftheobjectsbeingcomparedare