山東省棗莊市八中東校區(qū)2020-2021學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期第二次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題

高二年級(jí)第二次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】What’sJohndoingnow?A.Playingfootball. B.WatchingTV. C.Studying.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Kate,don’tmakenoise.Thisfootballmatchisgreat.W:IthinkyoushouldturnofftheTV.BothJohnandIarepreparingforthefinalexam.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatcanthemando?A.Swim. B.Playsoccer. C.Playbasketball.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Youknow,Jasoncanplaytennis,swim,playsoccer…butIcan’t.W:Itdoesn’tmatter.Imean,youcanplaytheguitar,playbasketball,cookandevenspeakthreelanguages.Youaregreat.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whenwillthemeetingbeover?A.At11:00. B.At10:00. C.At9:30.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Whenwillthemeetingbegin?W:Accordingtotheschedule,itshouldstartat9:30,anditwilllastforanhourandahalf.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheplay?A.Terrible. B.Justsoso. C.Great.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:DidyougettowatchtheplaySunshineintheCapitalTheateryesterday?W:Yes,itcouldn’tbebetter.ButIdidn’tlikethepeoplethere.Theyalwaysmadenoises.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Snowy. B.Rainy. C.Sunny.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:It’srainingagain.Theweatherreportsaysit’sgoingtosnowtonight.Idon’tlikethiskindofweather.W:Butit’sgoingtobesunnythisweekend.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Wheredoesthemanwanttogo?A.Thelibrary. B.Thelab. C.Thecafé.7.What’stheman’smajor?A.Psychology. B.Physics. C.Chemistry.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Canyougivemearidetothelibrary?W:Studyingatthelibraryagain?Itakejustasmanyclassesasyoudo,butIonlyhaveaboutanhourofstudyingtodoeveryday.AndIcangetallmyworkdoneeitherhereathomeoratthecafédowntheroad.M:Well,I’mmajoringinphysics.Ihaveseveralprojectsdueeachmonth,andthat’safterIspendtenorfifteenhoursaweekinthelab.You’reapsychologymajor.Youhaveonemidtermandonefinalexamforeachclass,right?W:Yeah…M:You’vegotitsoeasy!聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whereisthewomangoingfirst?A.Theclassroom. B.Thelibrary. C.Thegym.9.Whatwillthewomandointhelibrary?A.Borrowsomebooks. B.Returnsomebooks. C.Studyfortheexam.10.Whydothespeakersgotothegym?A.Towatchagame. B.TotakeaPEclass. C.Togoswimming.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Jenny.Areyougoingtoschoolnow?W:Yup.IhaveEnglishat9:00inthemorning.M:Wewillhaveourmidtermexamsnextmonth.Iplantolookforsomeimportantbooksinthelibrary.Doyouwanttojoinme?W:Sure.Ineedtoreturnsomebooks.M:Great.Wecangototheswimmingpoolinthegymafterthat.W:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.Wecanchilloutalittleinsuchahotsummer.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heisinpoorhealth.B.Hewantstostayathometoday.C.Hehasn’tfinishedhishomeworkyet.12.WhatrelationisMr.Belltotheman?A.Hisneighbor. B.Histeacher. C.Hisfather.13.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Helphimhandinhisproject.B.Calltoaskforleave.C.Drivehimtoschoolrightnow.【答案】11.A12.B13.A【解析】【原文】W:Oh,youlookill.M:Idon’tfeeltoogood.Imustadmit.W:Thenyoushouldn’tgotoschooltoday.M:Oh,Ihaveto.Ican’tstayathometoday—we’vegottohandinourgeographyprojects.It’sthelastchance.Andit’sjustacold.Youalwaysfeelworsewhenyoufirstgetup.I’llbefineonceI’vehadawashandabitofbreakfast.W:Itwon’thurttomissaday.Youlookverypale,andthere’safluvirusgoingroundatthemoment.Ellanextdoorhasgotflu.M:Ihaven’tgottheflu,mom.AndMr.BellwillthinkthatI’mabsentbecausetoday’sthedeadlinefortheprojectandIhaven’tfinishedit.W:Don’tbesilly—you’reoneofhisstarpupils.Surely,he’snotgoingtofailyoubecauseyouareill.Youhaven’tevenmissedadayallyearasfarasIremember.M:Ohwell,Isupposeyou’reright.PerhapsIwillstayathome,justtoday.Butcouldyoudomeafavor?DriveroundtoschoolanddelivermyprojecttoMr.Bell.W:It’squiteunnecessary.IwillcallMr.Bellrightnow.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.Whatwillthemandointhelateafternoon?A.Giveaspeech. B.Writeamagazinearticle. C.Preparesomematerials.15.Wherewillthemanhavedinnertonight?A.Athome. B.Intheoffice. C.Inameetingroom.16Howwillthemangobackhome?A.Bybus. B.Bycar. C.Bytaxi.【答案】14.C15.A16.B【解析】【原文】M:Ihavesuchabusydaytoday.Idon’tknowwhenI’llbehome.Canyoupickupoursonfromschooltoday?W:Oh,youhavetospeakattheHighSchoolofScienceandTechnologytoday?M:That’llbefinishedby3o’clock.ButthenIhavetogototheofficeandpreparemynotesformyspeechattheputerSociety’sannualdinnertonight.W:Well,atleastyourmagazinearticlehasalreadybeenwrittenandgiventoyoureditor.Itwasduetoday,wasn’tit?M:Yes,atleastthat’sdone.Infact,itshouldbepublishedsometimenextmonth.W:Doyouthinkyou’llbegiventimetoeattonightorwillyouhavetospendtheentireeveningansweringquestions?M:Imightbeaskedtospeakassoonaseveryonesitsdownfordinner.Inthatcase,IguessI’llbeprettyhungrywhenIgethome.W:Doyouhaveanyideawhattimeyou’llbefinished?M:No.W:Well,I’llhavesomethingreadyforyoutoeat.Canyoucatchthelastbus?Ormaybeyoushouldtakeataxi.M:Don’tworry,dear.That’salreadybeentakencareof.TheputerSocietyissendingacarforme.It’spickingmeupattheofficeatsixandwillbringmehomeafterthemeeting.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.WhatcanwelearnaboutPedalPower?A.Itwasstartedin1996.B.Itgivesbicyclestopeopleforfree.C.Itsendsbicyclestopoorareasregularly.18.WhathappenedtoPedalPowerinAugust2000?A.Itcouldn’tmeetitscosts.B.ItwonanEnterpriseAward.C.ItwascriticizedbytheBritishmedia.19.WhendidDanPearmangotoEcuador?A.In1993. B.In1998. C.In2001.20.WhywasDanPearman’sneighborsuccessfulinbusiness?A.Heofferedmanyjobstocraftsmeninthetown.B.Hewasthemostskilledcraftsmaninthevillage.C.Hecouldreachcustomerseasilybyridinghisbike.【答案】17.C18.A19.A20.C【解析】【原文】M:PedalPowerisasmallcharitybasedmainlyintheUK.AtPedalPower,theycollectsecondhandbikesintheUKandsendthemtosomeofthepoorestregionsintheworld.Whentheydistributebikesoverseas,theydon’tgivethemawayforfree.Inordertocontinueoperatingtheyneedtohaveaconstantsupplyofbikeswhichtheysendouteverysixmonths.InAugust2000,theysimplyranoutofmoney.Itwasaterriblesituation.Fortunately,inOctober2001theywonanEnterpriseAwardwhichhelpedthemenormously.DanPearmanisthefounderofPedalPower.HegottheideaofexportingbicyclestodevelopingcountrieswhilehewasinEcuador.DanPearmanwenttherein1993andhejoinedavoluntaryorganization.WhereDanPearmanlivedinEcuadorwasaruralarea.Hisneighborhadtheonlybicycleinthevillage,whereaseveryoneelsewalkedeverywhere.Hisneighbor’sbusinesswasverysuccessful.ForyearsDanPearmancouldn’tunderstandwhy.Thenherealizedhavingabikemeanthisneighborcouldreachanywherehelikedwithoutmuchtrouble.Otherlocalcarpenterscouldonlyacceptjobsnearby,sonomatterhowskilledtheywere,theycouldneverdoasmanyjobsashisneighbor.WhenhereturnedtotheUKin1998,hestartedplanningPedalPower.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文每，從題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyou'relookingtofullyexperienceAfrica'sbreathtakingscenery,andhaveaneyeforadventure,thenthere'sonlyoneplacetobe.Here,insideAfricapicksfourofthebesthikesfromacrossthecontinent.1.KilimanjaroMakeittothetopofTanzania's5,895meterKilimanjaro,andyou'llbestandingatAfrica'shighestpoint.ThemountainisAfrica'smostvisitedhikingdestination,attractingtensofthousandsoftouristsandadventureseveryyear.Youdon'thavetoatechnicalclimbertoclimbMountKilimanjaro;youjustneednotbeprettyphysicallyfit.Therearesixroutestochoosefromdifficulty,sceneryandsuccess.Nospecialequipment2.AtlasmountainsTheHighAtlasisanimpressivemountainousrangeincentralMoroccothathostsNorthAfrica'shighestpeak.MountToubkal,at4,165meters.There'savarietyofroutestofollowduringyourclimbbutinexperiencedclimbersshouldnotethatthehikethroughthemountain'schallengingzonesisquitedemanding.3.MountKenyaAlongextinctvolcano.MountKenyaisAfrica'ssecondhighestpeak,at5,199meters.Lyingjustsouthoftheequator,themountain'sdeepvalleysanddiversewildlifewillguaranteeyouwonderfulsceneryandafantastichikingexperience.Theclimb,however,tothemountain'ssteepicecappedpeaksisquitechallenging,makingitthemosttechnical,probably,inthatEastAfricanarea.4.MountMeruMountMerumayforeverexistintheshadowofitsneighbor,Kilimanjaro,butTanzania'ssecondhighestmountain(4,565meters)hasitsowndevotees.It'slessknown,butMountMeruisforthetrueenthusiastwhowantstoexperiencewhatveryfewpeopleactuallydo.MountMeruisoftenusedbymountaineerstoaccustomthemselvesbeforetryingtoconquerKilimanjaro,orbythosewantingahikewiththelocalMassai.21.WhatdoweknowaboutKilimanjaro?A.It'sparativelyeasytoclimb.B.It'sAfrica'ssecondhighestmountain.C.Itssixroutesareequallydifficult.D.ItliestotheeastofTanzania.22.WhydomountaineersclimbMountMerufirstbeforetheydoKilimanjaro?A.Toavoidbigcrowdsofclimbers. B.TohikewiththelocalMassai.C.Togetusedtothesituation. D.Toexperiencewhatmostpeopledo.23.Whichisthelowestofthefour?A.Kilimanjaro B.AtlasmountainsC.MountKenya D.MountMeru【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了非洲大陸四次最好的徒步旅行的去處?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kilimanjaro部分中的“Youdon'thavetoatechnicalclimbertoclimbMountKilimanjaro;youjustneednotbeprettyphysicallyfit.”可知攀登乞力馬扎羅山不需要技術(shù)攀登者，不需要很健康。故選A。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MountMeru部分中的“MountMeruisoftenusedbymountaineerstoaccustomthemselvesbeforetryingtoconquerKilimanjaro”可知馬魯山常被登山愛好者用來在征服乞力馬扎羅之前使自己適應(yīng)，故選C。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)1.Kilimanjaro部分中的“MakeittothetopofTanzania's5,895meterKilimanjaro,”；2.Atlasmountains部分中的“...thathostsNorthAfrica'shighestpeak.MountToubkal,at4,165meters.”；3.MountKenya部分中的“Alongextinctvolcano.MountKenyaisAfrica'ssecondhighestpeak,at5,199meters.”以及4.MountMeru部分中的“butTanzania'ssecondhighestmountain(4,565meters)hasitsowndevotees.”可知阿特拉斯山脈是這四個(gè)山脈中最低的一個(gè)，故選B。BLebanesefilmmakerNadineLabakihasbeethefirstfemaleartistintheArabworldtobenominated(提名)foranAcademyAward,orOscar.LabakidirectedthefilmCapernaum,afilmaboutaSyrianrefugee(難民)boyandaKenyanbabywholivewithoutparentsonthestreetsofBeirut.Itwasnominatedforbestforeignlanguagefilm.Labakiwil1beoneofthefewfemaledirectorstopeteforanOscarthisyear.ShetoldtheAssociatedpress"Iwishtherewerealotmorewomenfilmmakersthisyearrepresented,nominatedintheOscars.ButIamsureinafewyearswewon'tbehavingthisproblemanymore."UnlikeintheWest,womenfilmmakersareindustryleadersinLebanon.Capernaumreceiveda15minutestandingovation(熱烈歡迎)atthisyear'sCannesFilmFestival.ItwontheJuryPrize—thethirdhighestawardgivenatCannes.TheUnitedNationshaspubliclypraisedthefilm.Lebanon'sForeignMinistersaid.CapernaumputaLebanesetouchontheinternationalfilmindustry.TheOscarnominationofCapernaumisthesecondforLebanonintwoyearsinthefilmgroup.Itdemonstratesthecountry'srisingstarpower.Labakicalledmakingthemoviealifechangingexperience.ShesaidCapernaumhelpshumanizetherealstrugglesofrefugeesonlybrieflytalkedaboutinthenews.Wecan'thelpbutacknowledgethatthereisafearofrefugeesingeneralaroundtheworldandtherearethesewallswearebuilding,andthisfearthatkeepsgrowing,"Labakisaid.CapernaumwillpeteagainstfourotherfilmsfortheOscar,includingawardsseasonfavoriteRoma.DirectedbyMexico'sAlfonsoCuaron,itearned10Oscarnominations,includingforbestpicture.24.WheredoesLabakiefrom?A.Syria. B.KenyaC.Lebanon. D.Mexico.25WhatdoweknowfromLabaki'swordsinParagraph3?A.FewwomendirectorshavebeennominatedintheOscars.B.ShewasthefirstfemaleartisttopeteforanOscar.C.MorewomendirectorswillenterforOscarthisyear.D.Femaledirectorshaveproblemswiththeirfilms.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCapernaum?A.Itisthebestforeignlanguagefilm.B.Itshowstherisingpowerofwomen.C.IthaswonthefirstprizeatCannes.D.Itishighlythoughtof.27.Whatdoestheunderlined'it'inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Capernaum. B.TheOscar.C.Roma. D.Bestpicture.【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了黎巴嫩女導(dǎo)演NadineLabaki及其導(dǎo)演的電影Capernaum的相關(guān)情況。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的"Lebanesefilmmaker"可知，NadineLaba如是黎巴嫩人，故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Iwishtherewerealotmorewomenfilmmakersthisyearrepresented,nominatedintheOscars.ButIamsureinafewyearswewon'tbehavingthisproblemanymore.”可知，她希望今年能有更多的女導(dǎo)演被提名奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)，并希望今后不再有類似問題。由此可以推斷近幾年沒有幾位女性導(dǎo)演被提名奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)，故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五、六、七段Capernaumreceiveda15minutestandingovationatthisyear'sCannesFilmFestival.ItwontheJuryPrize—thethirdhighestawardgivenatCannes.TheUnitedNationshaspubliclypraisedthefilm.Lebanon'sForeignMinistersaid.CapernaumputaLebanesetouchontheinternationalfilmindustry.（Capernaum在今年的戛納電影節(jié)上獲得了15分鐘的起立鼓掌。它獲得了評(píng)審團(tuán)獎(jiǎng)——戛納頒發(fā)的第三高獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。聯(lián)合國(guó)公開贊揚(yáng)了這部電影。黎巴嫩外交部長(zhǎng)說。Capernaum使黎巴嫩人接觸了國(guó)際電影業(yè)。）可知，Capernaum這部電影獲得了來自各方面的贊美。由此可知，這部電影獲得了很高的評(píng)價(jià)，故選D。【27題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文最后一段中的“CapernaumwillpeteagainstfourotherfilmsfortheOscar,includingawardsseasonfavoriteRoma.DirectedbyMexico'sAlfonsoCuaron”提到了非常受歡迎的電影Roma，然后本句就談到這部電影是由誰導(dǎo)演，并獲得十項(xiàng)提名。由此可知，此處it指代電影Roma，故選C。CAstheparentoftwoteenagerswhohaveplayedmultiplesportsovertheyears,I’veseenthegood,thebad,theuglyandtheabsolutelycruel.However,whenIthinkaboutthevalueofsportsandwhymykidscontinuetoplaysportsteachkidslessonstobeesuccessfuladults.Throughsports,kidslearnhowtoworkinteams,havetotakerisks,howtochallengethemselvestobebetter,andhowtobehavewhentheylose—andwhentheywin.Whetherkidsplaysoccer,baseball,football,orcheer,theylearntheyarepartofateamwhereonepersondependsonanother.Whenmysonplaysbaseball,he’snottheonlyonewhoneedstoplaywell;hedependsonhisdefensetomaketheplaysinthefield.Whenmydaughterplaystennis,shedependsonherpartnertocutofftheballatthenetandwinthepoint,andthetennisteamdependsoneachpersoninordertowintheoverallmatch.Sportsalsoteachchildrentotrustandrespectthedecisionsofsomeonewhounderstandshowtheentireteamneedstoworkinordertosucceed.Sadly,though,youthsportshavesufferedfromthe“winningisn’teverything;it’stheonlything”attitude.Theyhavebeetoomuchofarefectionofprofessionalsports.Winningisahappyresult,butthelessonsfromlosingareevenmoreimportant.Whenmydaughterlosestennismatch,hercoachremindsherthatyoulearnmorefromlosingthanfromwinning.Losingmakesyoufocusonimprovingyourskillsandyourstrategy.We’regoingtolearnfromourmistakesandnotrepeatthem.Ibelievethatparticipatinginyouthsportsismuchmorethanbuildingasoundbodywinningascholarshiptocollege.Sportsarethebestwaytoshapeandbuildmoreselfmotivatedandhappierchildrenandhelpthembeemoreselfmotivatedandhappieradults.28.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoyouthsports?A.Critical. B.Positive.C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.29.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Whatsportstheauthor’skidstake.B.Whattheauthor’skidsdoinsports.C.Howsportsbenefittheauthorskids.D.Howtheauthor’skidscontinuetoplaysports.30.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4mean?A.Teenagersdon’thavetowineverytime.B.Winningistheonlygoalforteenplayers.C.Teenagersshouldworktogethertosucceed.D.Winningisnotthemostimportantinsports.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.YouthSportsBuildBetterAdultsB.TeenagersSufferfromYouthSportsC.LosingBringsMorethanWinningDoesD.TeenagersPerformBetterthanAdultsinSports【答案】28.B29.C30.B31.A【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過作者的兒子和女兒參加運(yùn)動(dòng)的經(jīng)歷，啟迪我們，運(yùn)動(dòng)是塑造和培養(yǎng)更多自我激勵(lì)和快樂的孩子的最好方式，幫助他們變得更有上進(jìn)心，更快樂的成年人?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Sportsalsoteachchildrentotrustandrespectthedecisionsofsomeonewhounderstandshowtheentireteamneedstoworkinordertosucceed.體育運(yùn)動(dòng)也教會(huì)孩子們?nèi)バ湃魏妥鹬?，可知，作者?duì)年輕人的運(yùn)動(dòng)態(tài)度是積極的。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段中Throughsports,kidslearnhowtoworkinteams,howtotakerisk,howtochallengethemselvestobebetter,andhowtobehavewhentheylose—andwhentheywin.可知，通過體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，孩子們所學(xué)會(huì)的，所以第二段講的是“運(yùn)動(dòng)怎樣有利于作者的孩子”，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】句意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段第二、三句Theyhavebeetoomuchofareflectionofprofessionalsports.Winningisahappyresult,butthelessonsfromlosingareevenmoreimportant.他們已經(jīng)過多地反映了職業(yè)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。勝利是一個(gè)快樂的結(jié)果，但是失敗的教訓(xùn)更加重要?？芍?jiǎng)澗€部分的意思是“勝利是青少年球員的唯一目標(biāo)?！惫蔅項(xiàng)正確。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Sportsarethebestwaytoshapeandbuildmoreselfmotivateandhappierchildrenandhelpthembeemoreselfmotivatedandhappieradults.運(yùn)動(dòng)是塑造和培養(yǎng)更多自我激勵(lì)和快樂的孩子的最好方式，幫助他們變得更有上進(jìn)心，更快樂的成年人。故A項(xiàng)正確。DIn2016,ateamofJapanesescientistsfoundbacteriacapableofbreakingdownand“eating”oneoftheworld’smostpopularplasticspolyethyleneterephthalate(PET).Itwasvaluedasapotentialbreakthroughatthetime.ButanewdiscoverycameasateamofBritishscientistsexaminedanenzyme(酶)producedbytheJapanesebacteriatofindoutmoreaboutitsstructure.Whileoperatingthestructuretobetterunderstandhowitworked,theyaccidentallycreatedthechangedenzymethat’sevenmoreefficientatbreakingdownplasticbottles.Theresearchersarenowworkingtofurtherimprovetheenzymesoitcanbeusedonanindustrialscale.It’spossiblethatwithinthenextfewyearstherecouldbeanindustriallypossibleprocessforturningPETintoothersubstancessoitcanberecycled.Theabilitytoscaleuptheprocesswillbeimportant.Plasticpollutionisfastbeingoneofthebiggestenvironmentalissuesofourtime.Morethan1millionplasticbottlesareboughtaroundtheworldeveryminute.MostofthesebottlesaremadefromPET，whichcantakeupto1000yearstobiodegrade(生物降解),andmanyareleftintheoceans.OverhalfofglobalPETwasteisnotcollectedforrecyclingandonly7percentofbottlesarerecycledintonewbottles.Somescientistssaythebreakthrough,thoughpromising,isnowherenearenoughtosolveourpollutioncrisis.Theseenzymesarenotabundantlypresentinnature.Soyouwouldneedtoproducetheenzymefirst,thenaddittothePETplastictodegradeit.”Thisislikelytobeaslowprocess.IfyouhavegonethroughthetroubleofcollectingthePETwaste,thenthereareclearlyfarbetterwaystorecycleitorburnitforenergy,”saidWim,headoftheIndustrialBiotechnologyCenter.Hesuggestedtheuseofmerciallyavailablebiodegradablebioplasticswouldstillbeabetterbet.32.WhatunexpecteddiscoverydidtheBritishscientistsmake?A.Aneffectivewaytodealwithplasticwaste.B.ApotentialsolutionincollectingPETwaste.C.Thewaytounderstandthestructureofenzymebetter.D.TherealvalueofthediscoverybyJapanesescientists.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“theprocess”inParagraph3actuallyreferto?A.Theprocesstofindtheenzyme.B.Theprocesstomakemoreplastics.C.TheprocesstoreducethePETwaste.D.TheprocesstoproducekindofnewPET.34.WhatistheproblemaboutrecyclingthePETwaste?A.Largequantitiesofplasticbottlesareused.B.OceanplasticwasteishardertobiodegradeC.MostofthePETwasteisleftwithouttreatment.D.MostoftheplasticproductsaremadefromPET.35.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?A.Theenzymedoesnotexistinnature.B.Theenzymehashelpedtosolvetheplasticproblems.C.Burningplasticwasteforenergyisnowthebestwaytoridit.D.WehavealongwaytogotousetheenzymetorecyclePETwaste.【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。在2016年，一組日本科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了能夠分解并“吃掉”世界上最流行的塑料聚乙烯對(duì)苯二酸酯（PET）的細(xì)菌。在當(dāng)時(shí)，它被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)潛在的突破。研究人員目前正在努力進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)這種酶，使其能夠在工業(yè)規(guī)模上使用。但是用這種酶來回收PET廢物，我們還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Whileoperatingthestructuretobetterunderstandhowitworked,theyaccidentallycreatedthechangedenzymethat’sevenmoreefficientatbreakingdownplasticbottles.可知，在操作這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)以更好地理解它是如何工作的時(shí)候，他們無意中創(chuàng)造了一種酶可以更有效地降解塑料瓶。英國(guó)科學(xué)家未料到的發(fā)現(xiàn)是找到了處理塑料垃圾的有效方法。故A項(xiàng)正確。【33題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句It’spossiblethatwithinthenextfewyearstherecouldbeanindustriallypossibleprocessforturningPETintoothersubstancessoitcanberecycled.可知，有可能在接下來幾年里有一種工業(yè)加工可能把PET轉(zhuǎn)變成其他物質(zhì)，以便他能被循環(huán)利用。第三段第一句Theabilitytoscaleuptheprocesswillbeimportant.劃線部分的意思是“生產(chǎn)新PET的過程?！惫蔇項(xiàng)正確。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中MostofthesebottlesaremadefromPET，whichcantakeupto1000yearstobiodegrade(生物降解),andmanyareleftintheoceans.OverhalfofglobalPETwasteisnotcollectedforrecycling可知，大多數(shù)PET制成的瓶子要花費(fèi)1000年才能生物降解，很多被排到海洋。一半以上全球的PET垃圾沒有被回收利用，大部分的PET垃圾都沒有經(jīng)過處理。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Thisislikelytobeaslowprocess.IfyouhavegonethroughthetroubleofcollectingthePETwaste,thenthereareclearlyfarbetterwaystorecycleitorburnitforenergy可知，這可能是一個(gè)緩慢的過程。如果你經(jīng)歷了回收PET垃圾的困擾，這有更好的方法來回收或者為了能源而燃燒它們。用這種酶來回收PET廢物我們還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。故D項(xiàng)正確。第二節(jié)(共5個(gè)小題：每個(gè)小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。GivingYourEyesRegularRestsImaginesuchascene:duringthesummervacation,manyofusprefertospendmostofourdaystartingatputerscreens.Readingthisarticlemeanstheremaybeachanceyou'relookingatonerightnow.____36____BrisbaneoptometryprofessorNathanEfrondoesnotconsiderputerscreens"harmful"tooureyes.Butheadmitsifyouuseonealotyouincreaseyourriskofbeingslightlymoreshortsighted——whereyoureyesfocuswellonlyoncloseobjectswhilemoredistantobjectsappearvague.____37____Intheshorterterm,longviewingofaputerscreencanmakeanyslightexistingvisionproblemsmorenoticeable.___38___—eyestrain,headaches,grittyeyesandblurryvision.Butthisisonlytemporaryandcanbereducedby:Adjustingthescreendisplaysothecontrastishighandthebrightnessfeelsfortable.____39____Givingyoureyesregularrestsfromlookingatthescreen.TheOptometristsAssociationofAustraliaremendsyoudothisforfivetotenminuteseveryonetotwohoursofputeruse.____40____A.ProtectingeyesightbyhavingfoodsrichinvitaminC.B.Doeslookingataputerscreendamageyoureyes?C.It'sagoodtimetomakephonecallsordoothertasks.D.Havinglightingthatdoesnotproduceglareonthescreen.E.Awellbalanceddietalsohelpsyoustayatahealthyweight.F.Thisisespeciallythecaseforchildren,whoseeyesarestilldeveloping.G.Itcanalsogiveyouwhatissometimesknownas"putervisionsymptom."【答案】36.B37.F38.G39.A40.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。我們很多人都喜歡把一天的大部分時(shí)間花在電腦屏幕前，教授NathanEfron承認(rèn)，如果你經(jīng)常使用，你患近視的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就會(huì)增加，因?yàn)槟愕难劬χ荒軐Ｗ⒂诮嚯x的物體，而遠(yuǎn)距離的物體則顯得模糊。對(duì)此文章提出了一些保護(hù)視力的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文“BrisbaneoptometryprofessorNathanEfrondoesnotconsiderputerscreens‘harmful’tooureyes(布里斯班驗(yàn)光學(xué)教授NathanEfron并不認(rèn)為電腦屏幕對(duì)我們的眼睛“有害”)”可知，后文談?wù)摰氖请娔X屏幕是否對(duì)我們眼睛的危害，說明本句提出了有關(guān)電腦屏幕會(huì)傷害眼睛的疑問，后文中"harmful"tooureyes可對(duì)應(yīng)到B選項(xiàng)中damageyoureyes。且故B選項(xiàng)“看電腦屏幕會(huì)傷害你的眼睛嗎？”符合語境，故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Butheadmitsifyouuseonealot,youincreaseyourriskofbeingslightlymoreshortsighted——whereyoureyesfocuswellonlyoncloseobjectswhilemoredistantobjectsappearvague.(但他承認(rèn)，如果你經(jīng)常使用，你患近視的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就會(huì)增加，因?yàn)槟愕难劬χ荒軐Ｗ⒂诮嚯x的物體，而遠(yuǎn)距離的物體則顯得模糊)”可知，上文提到用眼過度導(dǎo)致近視的問題出現(xiàn)，故本句承接上文繼續(xù)說明哪一類人群受影響較大，故F選項(xiàng)“這對(duì)兒童來說尤其如此，他們的眼睛還在發(fā)育中”符合語境，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“—eyestrain,headaches,grittyeyesandblurryvision.(視覺疲勞、頭痛、砂眼、視力模糊)”可知，本空后有破折號(hào)，破折號(hào)具有解釋說明作用，破折號(hào)后寫的是視覺疲勞，頭痛，砂眼，視力模糊，均是眼睛出現(xiàn)問題的癥狀，故G選項(xiàng)“它會(huì)讓你產(chǎn)生‘電腦視覺癥’”符合語境，故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文中“Butthisisonlytemporaryandcanbereducedby:(但這只是暫時(shí)的，可以通過以下方式加以減少)”以及“Adjustingthescreendisplaysothecontrastishighandthebrightnessfeelsfortable.(調(diào)整屏幕顯示，使對(duì)比度高，亮度舒適)”可知，本句應(yīng)是說明一種保護(hù)視力的方法，故A選項(xiàng)“食用富含維生素C的食物來保護(hù)視力”符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Givingyoureyesregularrestsfromlookingatthescreen.TheOptometristsAssociationofAustraliaremendsyoudothisforfivetotenminuteseveryonetotwohoursofputeruse.(讓你的眼睛在盯著屏幕的時(shí)候有規(guī)律地休息一下。澳大利亞驗(yàn)光師協(xié)會(huì)建議你在使用電腦的每一到兩個(gè)小時(shí)就休息五到十分鐘)”可知，上文提到了要讓眼睛休息，休息即意味著眼睛不盯著電腦屏幕，而是做些其他的事情來讓眼睛得到休息，故C選項(xiàng)“這段時(shí)間適合打或做其他工作”符合語境，故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Haveyouseenpeoplewhotakepicturesoffoodformorethan10minutesbeforeeating?MyfriendStellaissuchanexample.Everytimewewenttoarestaurant,shewouldnottakeabiteuntilallthedisheswe___41___wereonthetable.Thenshewouldspendfiveminutesin___42___thedishesinaseeminglyrandombutinfact___43___order.Thenthemostimportantpart:takingpictures.Afterthat,shewouldchooseoneofthe___44___andclickinthefilter(濾鏡)app.Thefoodeventuallylooked10timesmoredeliciousthanitreallywas,butwehadno___45___toreallyenjoyit—itallwentcold.ActuallyStella’sreallifeismuchlesselegant.Forexample,shehatestowashthedishes,sosheleavestheminthesinkfordays.Manypeoplecaretoomuchaboutothers'opinionsandtrytoohardto___46___others.Theyfindithardtobe___47___andtoacceptthemselves,andthustheyareafraidtoshowtheir___48___lifeonsocialmedia.Whattheyaretryingtoproveis___49___whattheylackinreality.Butthiswillnotbringany____50____toreality,astheystill_____51_____thesameoldpatternoflife.Iftheyreallywantanelegantlife,theyshouldputmore____52____intoachievingit____53____fabricating(偽造)it.Beingmoreconfident,____54____themselvesandtryingtheirbesttobebetteraremuchmoremeaningfulthan____55____theirlifeonsocialmedia.41.A.ordered B.served C.offered D.prepared42.A.cooking B.washing C.setting D.collecting43.A.messy B.arranged C.casual D.missed44.A.dishes B.restaurants C.tables D.pictures45.A.chance B.ch