北京市大興區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1北京市大興區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語試題第一部分知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。MyOlympicdreambeganafewyearsafterIstartedskijumping.TheSochiGamesarethefirsttimewomenskijumpersare____1____tocompeteforgold.BeforethatmyOlympicdreamwasjustimpossible.SoIdearlywanteda(n)____2____onthishistoricteam.Butfirst,Ihadtoovercometheworstdayofmylife.FivemonthsbeforetheGames,anunimaginableamountof____3____overtookmeduringmytraining—myrightkneewasseverelybroken.Lyingthere,asenseofdespairseizedme,andIthoughtmydreamwasallover.Tomysurprise,mydoctortoldmethatitwasstill____4____tomakeittoSochi.Hesaidthatifanyonecouldcomebackintime,itwouldbeme.Itookhiswordstoheart,anddecidedIwouldn’tletanything____5____me.Theroadtomyfull____6____demandedhardwork.Icouldn’tcontrolhowquicklymybodyhealed,butIcould____7____myselftoworkoutsandrehab(康復(fù)治療).I____8____hoursandhoursatthegym.Despiteallthesweat,Iwas____9____abouttheoutcomeduetomyinjury.However,IwasallinbecauseIknewthatIhadtoworkhardsothatIcouldhaveachancetoprovemyself._____10_____,myhardworkpaidoff.Ipassedthestrengthtestsandwasnamedtothe2014SochiOlympicteam.1.A.convinced B.allowed C.forced D.attracted2.A.place B.model C.bet D.advertisement3.A.interest B.excitement C.pain D.expectation4.A.difficult B.possible C.important D.necessary5.A.test B.refuse C.stop D.blame6.A.competition B.challenge C.speed D.recovery7.A.owe B.devote C.admit D.commend8.A.waitedfor B.cutdown C.putin D.broughtin9.A.unsure B.hopeful C.crazy D.curious10.A.Constantly B.Occasionally C.Definitely D.Fortunately〖答案〗1.B2.A3.C4.B5.C6.D7.B8.C9.A10.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者作為跳臺滑雪運(yùn)動員的奧運(yùn)夢想。索契冬奧會是首個允許女子跳臺滑雪運(yùn)動員參與的奧運(yùn)會。然而作者因為訓(xùn)練受傷，擔(dān)心自己錯過參賽機(jī)會，好在通過積極的康復(fù)訓(xùn)練，她終于能夠如愿參加奧運(yùn)會?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：索契冬奧會是首個允許女子跳臺滑雪運(yùn)動員參與競爭金牌的奧運(yùn)會。A.convinced使信服；B.allowed允許；C.forced迫使；D.attracted吸引。由下文的“BeforethatmyOlympicdreamwasjustimpossible.(在那之前，我的奧運(yùn)夢想是不可能的)”可知，索契冬奧會是首個允許女子跳臺滑雪運(yùn)動員參與的奧運(yùn)會。故選B項?！?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我非常想在有歷史意義的運(yùn)動員隊中占有一席之地。A.place地方；B.model模范；C.bet打賭；D.advertisement廣告。由上文的“MyOlympicdreambeganafewyearsafterIstartedskijumping.(我開始跳臺滑雪幾年后，我的奧運(yùn)夢想就開始了)”和“BeforethatmyOlympicdreamwasjustimpossible.(在那之前，我的奧運(yùn)夢想是不可能的)”可知，作者非?？粗剡@次冬奧會，可得出作者很想要在這次奧運(yùn)會中獲得一席之地。故選A項?！?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：距離奧運(yùn)會還有五個月，我在訓(xùn)練時感到了難以想象的疼痛，我的右膝嚴(yán)重骨折。A.interest興趣；B.excitement興奮；C.pain疼痛；D.expectation期待。由下文的“myrightkneewasseverelybroken”可知，作者的膝蓋受傷嚴(yán)重，可得出在一次訓(xùn)練中，巨大的疼痛向作者襲來。故選C項?！?題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，我的醫(yī)生告訴我，去索契還是有可能的。A.difficult困難的；B.possible可能的；C.important重要的；D.necessary必要的。由上文的“Ithoughtmydreamwasallover.(我以為我的夢想已經(jīng)結(jié)束了)”和下文的“Hesaidthatifanyonecouldcomebackintime,itwouldbeme.(他說，如果有人能及時返回賽場，那就是我)”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己的奧運(yùn)夢結(jié)束了，但醫(yī)生認(rèn)為作者還是有可能參加索契冬奧會的，呼應(yīng)上文“Tomysurprise”作者聽到醫(yī)生話的驚訝感。故選B項?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我把他的話銘記在心，決定不會讓任何事情阻止我。A.test測試；B.refuse拒絕；C.stop阻止；D.blame責(zé)備。由上文語境可知，作者是有可能及時返回賽場的，所以有奧運(yùn)夢的作者不會讓任何事情阻止自己返回賽場。故選C項?！?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我完全康復(fù)的道路需要努力。A.competition比賽；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.speed速度；D.recovery恢復(fù)。由下文的“demandedhardwork”和“Icouldn’tcontrolhowquicklymybodyhealed,butIcould________myselftoworkoutsandrehab(康復(fù)治療).(我無法控制自己的身體恢復(fù)得有多快，但我可以________到鍛煉和康復(fù)中。)”可知，此處表示在康復(fù)之路上作者需要付出很多努力。故選D項?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我無法控制自己的身體恢復(fù)得有多快，但我可以全身心投入到鍛煉和康復(fù)中。A.owe欠；B.devote致力于；C.admit承認(rèn)；D.commend贊揚(yáng)。由but表轉(zhuǎn)折可知，雖然作者無法掌控自己身體痊愈的時間，但作者可以全力投入到訓(xùn)練和康復(fù)治療中去，devoteoneselftosth.為固定短語，意為“專心致志做某事”。故選B項。【8題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我在健身房花了好幾個小時。A.waitedfor等待；B.cutdown砍倒；C.putin投入（時間或精力）；D.broughtin引入。由上文語境和“hoursandhoursatthegym”可知，作者全身心投入于康復(fù)訓(xùn)練中，可得出作者在健身房度過（投入）了很長時間。故選C項?！?題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管出了很多汗，但由于受傷，我不確定結(jié)果。A.unsure不確定的；B.hopeful有希望的；C.crazy瘋狂的；D.curious好奇的。由上文的“Despiteallthesweat”和下文的“duetomyinjury”可知，盡管作者付出了很多努力，但是作者不知道自己的傷勢到底恢復(fù)的如何。故選A項。【10題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，我的努力得到了回報。A.Constantly不斷地；B.Occasionally偶爾地；C.Definitely肯定地；D.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地。由下文的“myhardworkpaidoff.Ipassedthestrengthtestsandwasnamedtothe2014SochiOlympicteam.(我的努力得到了回報。我通過了力量測試，入選了2014年索契奧運(yùn)會代表隊)”可知，作者受傷后努力康復(fù)，終于成功入選了2014年索契奧運(yùn)會代表，這是一件幸運(yùn)的事。故選D項。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給〖提示〗詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出〖提示〗詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Laughtercanhelpustofeelmore____11____(relax)andcomfortablewhenwearefeelinganxiousorworried.Evenifyou____12____(study)foralongtimeandfeelingsleepyandbored,laughingcanmakeyoufeelenergizedasifyouhadjusthadanap!Therearesomany____13____(benefit)oflaughterthatIhopeyoualltryandfindawaytoaddmorefunandlaughtertoyourdailylife.〖答案〗11.relaxed12.havebeenstudying13.benefits【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了笑的好處?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞比較級。句意：當(dāng)我們感到焦慮或擔(dān)憂時，笑可以幫助我們感到更加放松和舒適。修飾人，用-ed形容詞relaxed，結(jié)合more可知，用形容詞比較級morerelaxed作表語。故填relaxed?！?2題詳析】考查時態(tài)。句意：即使你已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了很長時間，感到困倦和無聊，大笑也會讓你感覺精力充沛，就像剛剛小睡過一樣！結(jié)合時間狀語foralongtime和現(xiàn)在分詞feeling可知，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時（has/havebeendoing）表示動作從過去某個時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至將來，強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)行的過程，主語you，用助動詞have。故填havebeenstudying。【13題詳析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：笑聲有很多好處，我希望你們都能找到一種方法，為日常生活增添更多樂趣和歡笑。由many修飾，用可數(shù)名詞benefit的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填benefits。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給〖提示〗詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出〖提示〗詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。BeingamarineresearcherissomethingthatI’vealwaysdreamedof.Iworkwithateamofscientists,____14____areallexpertsintheirfields,onaninternationalproject.I’mcurrentlybasedinArgentina,whichisinSouthAmerica,studyingseatemperaturesfromAntarctica.Unfortunately,there____15____(be)asignificantriseintemperaturesoverthepast50years,whichisclearlylinkedtohumanactivity.Ihopebyeducatingpeopleaboutthisandsharingresearchwecanworktogetherasaglobalcommunity____16____(protect)ourplanet.〖答案〗14.who15.hasbeen16.toprotect【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文是作者作為一名海洋研究員對工作經(jīng)歷方面的分享?！?4題詳析】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：我與一個科學(xué)家團(tuán)隊合作，他們都是各自領(lǐng)域的專家，參與一個國際項目?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞ateamofscientists，指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞who。故填who。【15題詳析】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：不幸的是，過去50年來氣溫顯著升高，這顯然與人類活動有關(guān)。該空作謂語，由時間狀語overthepast50years可知，謂語時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語asignificantriseintemperatures單數(shù)，助動詞have應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故填hasbeen?！?6題詳析】考查不定式。句意：我希望通過教育人們這方面的知識并分享研究成果，我們可以作為一個全球社區(qū)共同努力來保護(hù)我們的星球。protect用不定式形式作目的狀語。故填toprotect。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給〖提示〗詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出〖提示〗詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Asisknowntoall,apositiveparent-childrelationshipisbeneficialtothephysicalandmentalgrowthofchildren,but____17____(keep)ahealthyparent-childbondneedstheeffortsofbothparties.Parentsshouldtakethe____18____(responsible)toimprovetheirrelationshipwiththechildren.Whatmattersisspendingqualitytimewith____19____(they)children,howevertighttheirscheduleis.Children,ontheotherhand,shouldlettheirparentsknowtheyappreciate____20____theirparentshavedoneforthem.〖答案〗17.keeping18.responsibility19.their20.what【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何維持健康的親子關(guān)系?！?7題詳析】考查動名詞。句意：眾所周知，積極的親子關(guān)系有利于孩子的身心成長，但保持健康的親子關(guān)系需要雙方的努力。keep用動名詞形式作主語。故填keeping?！?8題詳析】考查名詞。句意：父母應(yīng)該承擔(dān)起改善與孩子關(guān)系的責(zé)任。此處應(yīng)用名詞responsibility作賓語，taketheresponsibilitytodo固定搭配，意為“承擔(dān)責(zé)任做某事”。故填responsibility?！?9題詳析】考查代詞。句意：重要的是，無論他們的日程安排多么緊湊，都要有質(zhì)量的時間陪伴孩子。形容詞性物主代詞their修飾名詞children。故填their?！?0題詳析】考查賓語從句連接詞。句意：另一方面，孩子們應(yīng)該讓父母知道，他們很感激父母為他們所做的一切。該空引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句缺乏賓語，意為“……的事情”，用連接代詞what。故填what。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,共30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項,并在答題卡，上將該項涂黑。AFourSoccerClubsforKidsinNewYorkCitySoccerisasportlovedbymanykids,familiesandcountries.HerearefoursoccerclubsthataregreatforkidsthroughoutNewYorkCity.StellarSoccerAddress:1047AmsterdamAveStellarSoccerwascreatedandtaughtbyearly-childhoodeducators.Allclassesareheldoutdoorsandareforchildrenaged2to8yearsold.Noexperienceisnecessaryandplayersofallskillsetsarewelcome.Theyofferprivatelessonsontheweekdaysandpubliclessonsontheweekends.Theyalsohaveprogramsforboysandgirlsindividually.SoccerFriendsUSAAddress:106-06QueensBlvd,ForestHillsSoccerFriendsUSAofferssoccerprogramsforkidsaged18monthsto14yearsold.Theirphilosophyisthatthebestwayforyoungchildrentolearnsoccerisbyhavingfun!Childrenhereareabletolearnthegameofsoccerinanon-competitiveenvironment.Inordertoteachkidshowtoplay,theybelieveasteacherstheyneedtohavegoodsocialskillsandatalentforteaching.DowntownUnitedSoccerClubAddress:527HudsonStDowntownUnitedSoccerClubvaluesfriendshipandgoodsportsmanshipinacaringandsupportivewayforeveryplayer.Trainingisofferedtoplayersofallagesandgenders(性別).Theyhopetodevelopacommunitythathelpschildrendeveloptheirlifelongloveforthegameofsoccer.ConeyIslandCyclonesSoccerClubAddress:BillBrownPlayground,4475,BrooklynConeyIslandCyclonesSoccerClubprovidessoccertrainingforkidsaged3to15yearsold.Theirprogramsincludeasocceracademy(學(xué)院),aswellaswinterandsummercampsthathaveindoorandoutdoorfacilities.Theirgoalistoteachyoungplayersthevaluesofsportsmanship,teamwork,self-confidenceandrespect.21.WhereisStellarSoccer?A.InAmsterdamAve. B.InForestHills.C.InHudsonSt. D.InBillBrownPlayground.22.Whichsoccerclubcana16-year-oldkidjoin?A.StellarSoccer. B.SoccerFriendsUSA.C.DowntownUnitedSoccerClub. D.ConeyIslandCyclonesSoccerClub.23.WhatdoesConeyIslandCyclonesSoccerClubprovide?A.Trainingforallages. B.Winterandsummercamps.C.Anon-competitiveenvironment. D.Programsforboysandgirlsindividually.〖答案〗21.A22.C23.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。短文介紹了紐約市的四個兒童足球俱樂部的相關(guān)信息。【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)StellarSoccer部分“Address:1047AmsterdamAve”可知，StellarSoccer位于AmsterdamAve。故選A項?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DowntownUnitedSoccerClub部分“Trainingisofferedtoplayersofallagesandgenders(性別).(訓(xùn)練面向所有年齡和性別的球員)”可知，16歲的小孩可以加入DowntownUnitedSoccerClub。故選C項?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ConeyIslandCyclonesSoccerClub部分“Theirprogramsincludeasocceracademy(學(xué)院),aswellaswinterandsummercampsthathaveindoorandoutdoorfacilities.(他們的項目包括一個足球?qū)W校，以及有室內(nèi)和室外設(shè)施的冬季和夏季營地)”可知，ConeyIslandCyclonesSoccerClub會組織冬令營和夏令營。故選B項。BUntilquarantine(隔離期)ends,weareleftpicturingwhatsportwemightdo:workingoutatthegym,playingonacompetitivesportsteam,swimming,biking,orrockclimbing.However,wedon’toftenthinkofmartialartsaspossibleactivities;instead,weruleitoutbecausewethinkit’sdangerous,uncommon,andeven,impossible.Martialartsaren’tconsideredasport,right?Well,here’ssomegoodnews:you’rewrong!Martialartsaren’tmuchmorecommonthanpeoplethink,andyoucanstartlearningatanyage.Practicingmartialartsisagreatwaytokeepinshape,bothphysicallyandmentally.They’remuchlessboringandmuchlessarduoussportthanthey’reusuallydescribedasinmovies,sodonotworrythattheyneedalotofeffort.Martialartsgenerallyrequireyoutofocusonthepositionandmovementofeveryoneofyourlegsandarms,sometimesevenyourbreathingtoo.Thinkaboutit:whenyouleavethegym,yourmentalstatehasimprovedandyouaremuchcalmer.Thisisbecauseyou’veonlypaidattentiontooneactivity.Itisagreatwaytoclearyourhead.Andpracticingitcanhelpyoulearntostaymorefocused,whichisthegreatestadvantageofmartialartstraining.Martialartsalsoimproveyourcoordination(協(xié)調(diào)性),andgreatlyimproveyourposture(姿勢).Ihavepersonallyseenstudentsgofromslouching(沒精打采)towalkingtallwiththeirshouldersbackinjustacoupleofmonths.Therearemanystylesandcountlesskindsofmartialarts.Whicheveroneyoulikebetter,knowthatallofthemaregoodchoices.24.Whatcanweknowaboutmartialartsfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theyoftenhavepeoplehurt. B.Theyaredifficulttopractice.C.Peoplehaveawrongviewonit. D.Peoplepracticethemmoreoften.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arduous”inparagraph2mean?A.Interesting. B.Difficult. C.Friendly. D.Exciting.26.Whatisthebiggestbenefitofpracticingmartialarts?A.Adjustingthebreath. B.Enjoyingone’sfreetime.C.Correctingthemovement. D.Keepingone’sattention.27.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofmartialarts?A.Theyarenotsports. B.Theyattractedmanyteenagers.C.Theyarebeneficialandhelpful. D.Theywereinventedtoprotectothers.〖答案〗24.C25.B26.D27.C〖祥解〗這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了武術(shù)對人的好處，并建議讀者選擇武術(shù)作為體育鍛煉的方式?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“However,wedon’toftenthinkofmartialartsaspossibleactivities;instead,weruleitoutbecausewethinkit’sdangerous,uncommon,andeven,impossible.Martialartsaren’tconsideredasport,right?（然而，我們通常不認(rèn)為武術(shù)是可能的活動；相反，我們排除了它，因為我們認(rèn)為它是危險的，不尋常的，甚至是不可能的。武術(shù)不被認(rèn)為是一項運(yùn)動，對吧?）”和文章第二段“Well,here’ssomegoodnews:you’rewrong!（好吧，這里有一些好消息:你錯了?。笨芍ㄟ^前兩段我們可以知道人們對武術(shù)的觀點是錯誤的。故選C。【25題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文“sodonotworrythattheyneedalotofeffort.（所以不要擔(dān)心它們需要付出很多努力。）”可知，劃線詞所在句子意為“與電影中描述的相比，它們并沒有那么無聊，也沒有那么困難”，arduous意為“困難的”。故選B?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Andpracticingitcanhelpyoulearntostaymorefocused,whichisthegreatestadvantageofmartialartstraining.（練習(xí)它可以幫助你學(xué)會更專注，這是武術(shù)訓(xùn)練的最大優(yōu)勢。）”可知，練武術(shù)的最大好處是保持注意力。故選D?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Practicingmartialartsisagreatwaytokeepinshape,bothphysicallyandmentally.（練習(xí)武術(shù)是保持身體和精神健康的好方法。）”、文章第三段“Andpracticingitcanhelpyoulearntostaymorefocused,whichisthegreatestadvantageofmartialartstraining.（練習(xí)它可以幫助你學(xué)會更專注，這是武術(shù)訓(xùn)練的最大優(yōu)勢。）”和文章第四段“Martialartsalsoimproveyourcoordination(協(xié)調(diào)性),andgreatlyimproveyourposture(姿勢).（武術(shù)還可以提高你的協(xié)調(diào)性，并極大地改善你的姿勢。）”可推知，作者認(rèn)為他們是有益的和有幫助的。故選C。CIncreasinglyoverthelastfewyears,wehavebecomefamiliarwiththerangeofsmallelectronicdevicesor"smart"accessories(附件).Pocketheart-ratemonitorsforjoggersandelectronicmapsarejustthefirstexamplesofmanynewproductsthatpromisetochangeourlivesinallsortsofsurprisingways.AsascientistatNewYorkUniversity,RosalindPicardtriesoutdifferentsmartaccessoriesbeforetheygoonthemarket.Oneofthesewastheso-called"frownheadband".Rosalindwasshockedtorealizejusthowoftenshefrownedstuckinatrafficjamrecently,Rosalindkepthearingthesoundsofthetinysensorinsidethebandwornaroundherforehead-eachtimeshefrownedinannoyance,thesensorgaveoutasignal.Anothercomputerscientist,StevenFeiner,isworkingonapairofglassesthatwilldomorethanhelpyoutosee.Imagineyouwanttotryarestaurantinaforeigncitybutyou'renotfamiliarwiththedishesonthemenu.Ifyouarewearingapairofsteven'sglasses,allyouhavetodoisglanceabovetherestaurant'sdoorwayandyourglasseswillimmediatelybecomewindowstotheInternet,offeringyoufulldetailsofthemealsservedinside.Theglassescouldalsobeusedtohelppeoplemakespeeches,givechefsaccesstothelatestrecipesandevenprovidedoctorswithpatientinformationwhiletheycarryoutoperations.Atthemoment,steven'sinventionlooksmorelikealargeskinmaskthanapairofglasses.It'saheadsetcollectedtoahandheldcomputerandaGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)receiver,whichtracksthewearer'sposition.Buthesaysthatthesehead-worndisplayswilleventuallygetsmallerandlighterastechnologyimproves.And,ofcourse,thisnewtechnologyhasafashionableaswellasausefulapplication.AchemicalengineernamedRobertLangerhasinventedanewmicrochipthat,ifputinsidearing,cangiveoffdifferentsmellsaccordingtoaperson'smood.That,ofcourse,mayormaynotappealtoyou.And,intheend,itisshoppersnotscientists,whowilldeterminewhichofthesesmartaccessorieswillsucceedasfashionableitemsandwhicharesuretojoinhistory'slonglistofcrazyinventions.Itisclear,however,thatascomputersgetsmallerandcheaper,theywillpopupinallsortsofeasily-wearableaccessories,eveninthebuttonsonyourcoat.What'smore,thisissomethingthat'sgoingtohappenalotsoonerthanweallexpect.28.Howdoesthesecondparagraphdevelop?A.Byanalyzingthecause B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bymakingcomparison. D.Byfollowingtimeorder.29.Steven'sglassescandothefollowingexcept_________.A.Tryandtastethedishesforpeopleinarestaurant.B.Offerchefsdetailsaboutthelatestrecipes.C.Givepatientinformationtodoctors.D.Providecustomerswiththeinformationonthemeals.30.Ingeneral,whatdoesthewriterthinkaboutsmartaccessories?A.Muchmoreresearchisneededintothem. B.Theywillsoonbewidelyavailable.C.Onlyafewofthemwillappealtoshoppers D.Mostofthemareconsideredtobecrazyinventions.31.What'sthewriter'spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toadvertisesomesmartaccessories. B.Toarguethatsmartaccessoriesarefashionable.C.Tointroducetheideaofsmartaccessories. D.Totellinterestingstoriesaboutsmartaccessories.〖答案〗28.B29.A30.B31.C〖祥解〗這是一篇說明文。全文主要介紹了近幾年廣受人們歡迎的智能附件。它們用途各異，但都讓我們的生活更加美好。于文章結(jié)尾處，作者展望了智能附件更光明的未來。【28題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AsascientistatNewYorkUniversity,RosalindPicardtriesoutdifferentsmartaccessoriesbeforetheygoonthemarket.Oneofthesewastheso-called"frownheadband".Rosalindwasshockedtorealizejusthowoftenshefrownedstuckinatrafficjamrecently,Rosalindkepthearingthesoundsofthetinysensorinsidethebandwornaroundherforehead-eachtimeshefrownedinannoyance,thesensorgaveoutasignal.(作為紐約大學(xué)的一名科學(xué)家，RosalindPicard在各種智能配件上市之前會對它們進(jìn)行嘗試。其中之一就是所謂的“皺眉發(fā)帶”。Rosalind很震驚地意識到，她最近在交通堵塞時多么頻繁地皺起眉頭，Rosalind一直聽到戴在額頭上的帶內(nèi)的微型傳感器發(fā)出的聲音——每當(dāng)她煩惱地皺起眉頭時，傳感器就發(fā)出信號)”可知，第二段是通過舉例子展開的。故選B?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ifyouarewearingapairofsteven'sglasses,allyouhavetodoisglanceabovetherestaurant'sdoorwayandyourglasseswillimmediatelybecomewindowstotheInternet,offeringyoufulldetailsofthemealsservedinside.Theglassescouldalsobeusedtohelppeoplemakespeeches,givechefsaccesstothelatestrecipesandevenprovidedoctorswithpatientinformationwhiletheycarryoutoperations.(如果你戴著史蒂文的眼鏡，你所要做的就是朝餐廳門口上方掃一眼，你的眼鏡就會立即成為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的窗口，為你提供餐廳提供的食物的詳細(xì)信息。這種眼鏡還可以用來幫助人們演講，讓廚師獲得最新的食譜，甚至在醫(yī)生進(jìn)行手術(shù)時提供患者信息)”可知，史蒂文的眼鏡可以向廚師提供最新食譜的詳細(xì)信息、把病人信息給醫(yī)生和為顧客提供餐食信息。除了A選項“在餐館里試著品嘗人們喜歡的菜肴”。故選A?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itisclear,however,thatascomputersgetsmallerandcheaper,theywillpopupinallsortsofeasily-wearableaccessories,eveninthebuttonsonyourcoat.What'smore,thisissomethingthat'sgoingtohappenalotsoonerthanweallexpect.(顯而易見的是，隨著電腦越來越小巧、便宜，他們會以各種各樣的便攜式配飾的形式層出不窮，甚至被放置在你的衣服的紐扣里。此外，它們會比我們預(yù)想的更快被廣泛使用)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為這些智能配飾會在不久的將來，廣泛地進(jìn)入我們的日常生活。故選B。【31題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Increasinglyoverthelastfewyears,wehavebecomefamiliarwiththerangeofsmallelectronicdevicesor"smart"accessories(附件).(在過去的這幾年中，我們對各種小巧的電子設(shè)備或智能附件越來越熟悉)”結(jié)合全文主要介紹了近幾年廣受人們歡迎的智能附件。它們用途各異，但都讓我們的生活更加美好。于文章結(jié)尾處，作者展望了智能附件更光明的未來?？芍?，作者寫這篇文章的主要用意是向讀者介紹近幾年廣受歡迎的智能附件，故選C。DSleepingwithadimlightlikeatelevisionornightlightisenoughtotheraisebloodsugarandheartratesofhealthypeople,accordingtoanewstudy.Lighthelpsourbodymaintainaninternalclock,butartificiallightatnightcaninterrupttherestandrepairthatshouldhappenduringthesleep.Newresearchsuggeststhatevenwhenoureyesareclosed,asmallamountoflightcandisruptthewayourbodiesnormallykeepourbloodsugarwithinahealthyrange.InthestudypublishedinSciencesonMonday,scientistsasked20participantsages19to36tospendtwonightsintheirlab.Onthefirstnightofsleep,thevolunteerssleptinaverydarkroom.Fortheirsecondnightofsleep,halfofthegroupsnoozedwithasmalllightliketheglowoftelevisionatnight,orstreetlightsthroughawindow—andhalfspenttheirsecondnightinadarkroom.Duringthetrial,allparticipantswereconnectedtodevicesthatmeasureddifferentmarkersoftheirsleepquality.Theywereeachconnectedviaaspecialtube,allowingresearcherstocollectsampleswithoutwakingtheindividual.Researchersalsorecordedparticipants’heartratesandbrainwaves.Whenthevolunteersawokeinthemorning,theteamtestedtheirbloodsugarandfoundthatparticipantsthatsleptinroomswithadimlightspentlesstimeindeepsleep.Inadditiontohavingslightlyworsebloodsugarcontrol,thegroupexposedtodimlighthadahigherheartrateonaverage.“Bycomparison,thosethatspendtwonightsinthedarkroomhadlittledifferenceintheirbloodsugarcontrol.Theythoughttheysleptwell,butyourbrainknowsthatthelightsareon,”saysZee,“youshouldclearlypayattentiontothelightinyourbedroom.Ifyoucan’tgiveupyournightlight,keepitdimandatfloorlevel.”Earlierworkhaslinkedexposuretolightduringsleeptoanincreasedriskofobesityinwomen.Zeerecommends,“makesurethatyoustartdimmingyourlightsatleastanhourortwobeforeyougotobedtoprepareyourenvironmentforsleep.”32.Whatdidtheunderlinedword“disrupt”inparagraph1mean?A.bother B.keep C.disagree D.follow33.Howdidtheresearchersdrawaconclusionfromthestudy?A.Byanalyzingthedatafromscientifictexts. B.Byconductingtheexperiments.C.Usingquestionnaires. D.Bycomparingearlierwork.34.Whatdidthestudyfindiftheparticipantssleptindarkrooms?A.Theparticipantswouldhaveahigherheartrate.B.Theparticipantswouldhavehigherbloodsugar.C.Theparticipants’bloodsugarcontrolwouldnotchange.D.Theparticipantsactuallysleepmorethanaverage.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SleepingwithaDimLightCanRaiseHealthProblemsB.HowtoSleepWellwithaDimLightC.SleepWell,EatWell,GoodHealthD.TheDarker,theLowerBloodSugar〖答案〗32.A33.B34.C35.A【導(dǎo)語】文章為一篇說明文，介紹了一項關(guān)于燈光與睡眠關(guān)系的科學(xué)研究?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測題。由第一段“Lighthelpsourbodymaintainaninternalclock,butartificiallightatnightcaninterrupttherestandrepairthatshouldhappenduringthesleep.”（光線幫助我們的身體維持內(nèi)部時鐘，但夜間的人造光線會打斷睡眠期間的休息和修復(fù)。）及“thewayourbodiesnormallykeepourbloodsugarwithinahealthyrange”（我們的身體正常地將血糖控制在健康范圍內(nèi)的方式）可知，夜晚的燈光可能會影響身體的修復(fù)，影響正常的生理功能。劃線詞disrupt與bother意思相近，表示“影響、打擾”。故選A項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。由第二段“InthestudypublishedinSciencesonMonday,scientistsasked20participantsages19to36tospendtwonightsintheirlab.”（在周一發(fā)表在《科學(xué)》雜志上的這項研究中，科學(xué)家們讓20名年齡在19歲至36歲的參與者在實驗室里待了兩晚。）和第三段“Duringthetrial,allparticipantswereconnectedtodevicesthatmeasureddifferentmarkersoftheirsleepquality.”（在試驗期間，所有參與者都被連接到測量他們睡眠質(zhì)量不同指標(biāo)的設(shè)備上。）可知，研究團(tuán)隊采用了實驗法來得出研究的結(jié)論。故選B項。【34題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“Bycomparison,thosethatspendtwonightsinthedarkroomhadlittledifferenceintheirbloodsugarcontrol.”（相比之下，那些在黑房間里待了兩晚的人，他們的血糖控制差別不大。）可知，連續(xù)在黑房間睡兩晚的人血糖控制沒有變化。故選C項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。由第一段“Sleepingwithadimlightlikeatelevisionornightlightisenoughtotheraisebloodsugarandheartratesofhealthypeople,accordingtoanewstudy.Lighthelpsourbodymaintainaninternalclock,butartificiallightatnightcaninterrupttherestandrepairthatshouldhappenduringthesleep.”（一項新的研究表明，在像電視或夜燈這樣昏暗的燈光下睡覺，足以提高健康人群的血糖和心率。光線幫助我們的身體維持內(nèi)部時鐘，但夜間的人造光線會打斷睡眠期間的休息和修復(fù)。）及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了在微弱的燈光下睡覺對健康的影響的相關(guān)性研究。A選項“SleepingWithaDimLightCanRaiseHealthProblems”（在昏暗的燈光下睡覺會引發(fā)健康問題）符合全文主旨。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoGetAlongwithFriendsFriendshipscanhaveamajorimpactonyourhealthandhappiness,butit’snotalwayseasytodevelopfriendships.Thefollowingaresometipsforyou.Bepositive____36____.Ifyou’resomeonewholikestodiscusshopeless-soundingsituations,that’sOK,butremembertotalkaboutmorecheerfultopics,too.Discussingbooksorsharingfunnystoriesarebetterforyourfriendships.Ofcourse,ifsomethingbadhappens,it’sOKtoaskyourfriendsforsupport.You’renotexpectedtobepositiveallthetime.____37____Listeninghelpsyoulearnaboutyourfriendsandsupportthemwhentheyneedit.Giveyourfriendsyourfullattention,andmakementalnotesabouttheimportantthingsintheirlives—likethenamesoftheirlovedones,thingstheylikeandmajorthingsthathavehappenedorarehappeningintheirlives.____38____,don’timmediatelyshareyourexperiencesoradvice.Instead,askthem,“Howareyoufeelingaboutit?”or“Whatdoyouplantodoaboutthat?”MaketimeforeachotherSpendingtimewithyourfriendshasahugeimpact,whetherit’sforafewminutesorforseveralhours.____39____.Ifyoucan’teasilyseeyourfriendsinperson,trytextingeachotherorhavingvideocalls.Itcertainlydoesn’treplaceanin-personhangout,butit’sagoodwaytokeepintouch.Calmlydiscussproblemsone-on-oneIfyourfriendsaredoingsomethingthat’sbotheringyou,itdoesn’thelptogivethemthesilenttreatmentorleavethemout.Instead,talktothemone-on-oneaboutwhat’sbotheringyou,andcalmlysharehowyoufeelaboutit.Forexample,ifyourfriendshavegivenyouanembarrassing(令人尷尬的)nickname,pullthemasideandsay,“Iknowyou’retryingtobefunny,butwhenyoucallmethat,Igetreallyembarrassed.____40____.”A.ListentothemB.Pleasedon’tcallmethatC.FocusingontheupsidemakesyouabetterfriendD.IfyouanswertelephonecallsonlyduringcertainhoursE.Ifyourfriendsharessomethingthatthey’restrugglingwithF.TalkingdirectlytoyourfriendisthebestwaytosolveanissueG.Schedulefunactivitieswithyourfriends,orjustfindtimetotalkforawhile〖答案〗36.C37.A38.E39.G40.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要給出了幾個發(fā)展友誼的建議，包括要樂觀積極、為彼此留出時間等等?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題Bepositive以及空后“Ifyou’resomeonewholikestodiscusshopeless-soundingsituations,that’sOK,butremembertotalkaboutmorecheerfultopics,too.”（如果你是一個喜歡討論絕望情勢的人，沒有問題，但是請記得也要談?wù)摿钊苏駣^的話題）”可知，本段講述與朋友相處要積極樂觀，因此推斷C項“Focusingontheupsidemakesyouabetterfriend”（關(guān)注積極的一面會讓你成為一個更好的朋友）符合語境，引出下文的具體解釋。故選C項?！?7題詳析】空處是段落小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)空后“Listeninghelpsyoulearnaboutyourfriendsandsupportthemwhentheyneedit.”（聆聽幫助你了解你的朋友并且在他們需要傾聽的時候支持他們）可知，此處建議學(xué)習(xí)傾聽，A項“Listentothem”（傾聽他們）為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)空后“don’timmediatelyshareyourexperiencesoradvice.Instead,askthem,'Howareyoufeelingaboutit?'or'Whatdoyouplantodoaboutthat?'”（不要立刻分享你的經(jīng)驗或者建議。相反，問問他們，“你對此感覺如何”或者“你打算怎么做”）可知，空處是朋友分享了他們糾結(jié)的事情，下文是作者的建議，故E項“Ifyourfriendsharessomethingthatthey’restrugglingwith”（如果你的朋友分享了讓他們糾結(jié)的事情）前后存在條件關(guān)系，符合語義邏輯。故選E項。【39題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Spendingtimewithyourfriendshasahugeimpact,whetherit’sforafewminutesorforseveralhours.”（花時間和朋友在一起有很大的影響，無論是幾分鐘還是幾個小時。）可知，此處指給予學(xué)生陪伴，G項“Schedulefunactivitieswithyourfriends,orjustfindtimetotalkforawhile”（和朋友一起安排有趣的活動，或者找時間聊聊天）剛好對應(yīng)前面和朋友呆在一起。故選G項?！?0題詳