【英語】江蘇省鹽城市多校聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末試題（解析版）

江蘇省鹽城市多校聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．WhatdoesthewomanexpectPhiliptodo?A．Takeabreak.B．Talktothemanager.C．Finishhisreportontime.2．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirkids.B．Theireducation.C．Theirchildhood.3．Whatappealstothemanmostaboutthenewmarket?A．Theeconomicalgoods.B．Thefreeparkingspace.C．Theconvenientlocation.4．WhatdoesColinmean?A．Healsoneedscash.B．Hecanhelpthewoman.C．Hedoesn’tliketomatoes.5．Whydoesthemansoundsoexcited?A．HegotstraightA’sinhisclasses.B．Hefinallyfoundasatisfactoryjob.C．Hisarticlewasacceptedbyasciencejournal.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Howmanytimesdidthespeakerstraveltogethersincemarriage?A．Threetimes.B．Twice.C．Once.7．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Inashop.B．Inacar.C．Onthebeach.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whoistheman?A．Ataxidriver.B．Atourguide.C．Apassenger.9．Whatwasthewomanadvisedtodo?A．Enjoysomeartworks.B．Trysomelocaldishes.C．ExploreCentralSquare.10．Whatisthewomanplanningtododuringthistrip?A．Visitahouse.B．Adjustherschedule.C．Explorethecity.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Whatisthewoman’spurposeofcallingtheman?A．Todoapromotion.B．Todiscusshisorder.C．Toconfirmhisaddress.12．Whatkindofyogurtissoldout?A．Thebananayogurt.B．Thecheeseyogurt.C．Thestrawberryyogurt.13．Whatdoesthemanwantthedeliverymantodo?A．Callhiminadvance.B．Leavethegoodsatthedoor.C．Deliverthegoodsassoonaspossible.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．HowmanylanguageshaveQuincyTroupe’sworksbeentranslatedinto?A．Around12．B．About21．C．Morethan30.15．WhatdoesQuincyTroupesayabouthispoemEssenceSpaceAfterLeaving?A．ItisaboutMargaret.B．ItwaswritteninCentralPark.C．ItwaswrittenafterhemarriedMargaret.16．WhydidQuincyTroupedesiretobeapoet?A．Hewishedtospeakforhimself.B．Hehasagreattalentforlanguages.C．Hethoughtpoetrycouldcombineartwithmusic.17．WhatisQuincyTroupe’sintentionofmentioningthepoembyCaesarVallejo?A．Toexplaintimeandspace.B．Toshowthepowerofagoodpoem.C．Tointroducehisfavoriteformofpoetry.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．Howmanydaysdidthefestivallastin2023?A．14．B．24．C．26.19．Whichofthefollowingisoneofthefestival’sgoalsin2023?A．Topromoteclassicaldance.B．Tohonorthememoryofanartist.C．Tocelebratethe100thanniversaryofaninstitute.20．WhoisZouShuang?A．Achairperson.B．Adirector.C．Asinger.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheUNESCOWorldHeritageListisaprestigioushonourawardedtositesofoutstandinguniversalvaluearoundtheworld.Didyouknowthereare1,157UNESCOWorldHeritageSitesspanningacross167countries?We’vepickedoutourtop4foryoutovisitbelow.TheAcropolis,GreeceTheAcropolisisanancientcastlethatstandsproudintheGreekcityofAthens.BackinthefifthcenturyBCafterbattlewiththePersians,theplansofPericlescametolifeundertheinfluenceofPheidias,thesculptor.Itthenbecameaplaceforthoughtandarttoflourish,wheresymbolsofclassicalspiritandcivilisationcamealive.HistoriccentreofRome,ItalyAccordingtoRomanmythology,theEternalCitywasfoundedin753BCandbecamethecapitalofthemightyRomanEmpire.RomeishometoanumberofattractionsincludingtheForum,thePantheonandtheColosseum!ThisWorldHeritagesitecontainsthewholehistoriccentrewithinthecitywallsandreflectstheinfluenceoftheRenaissanceandBaroqueperiodsinmakingitoneofItaly’smostpopularcities.AyutthayaHistoricalPark,ThailandThehistoriccityofAyutthayainThailandwasfoundedaround1350andwassubsequentlydestroyedinthe18thcenturybytheBurmese.What’slefttodayistheruinsandsomekeyhighlightsincludetheBuddhisttemplesofWatRatchaburana,WatMahathatandWatPhraSriSanphet.Theareaishometotheremainsoftallprang(reliquarytowers)andshouldnotbemissed.CulturallandscapeofBali,IndonesiaThelandscapeinBaliisunlikeanythingelseonEarth.Consistingoffivericeterraces(梯田)andwatertemplescovering19,500hectares,theculturallandscapetakesyourbreathaway.Thissitegainshonourthroughanancientfarmingceremonydatingbacktothe9thcenturyknownassubak.Thisconceptreflectsthespirit,thehumanworldandnature,alsoknownasTriHitaKarana.1.WhatmighthavehappenedinGreeceinthe5thcenturyBC?A.Greecebecamefamousforitscastles. B.Pheidiasbecameasculptor.C.GreecefoughtagainstPersians. D.TheGreekspiritdisappeared.2.Whatissubak?A.Ariceterrace. B.Aculturallandscape. C.Awatertemple. D.Anagriculturalceremony.3.Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesthistory?A.TheAcropolis. B.TheEternalCity. C.Ayutthaya. D.TriHitaKarana.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了4個(gè)聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)：希臘的雅典衛(wèi)城，意大利羅馬的永恒之城，泰國大城府歷史公園以及印尼巴厘島的文化景觀?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章TheAcropolis,Greece部分內(nèi)容“BackinthefifthcenturyBCafterbattlewiththePersians,theplansofPericlescametolifeundertheinfluenceofPheidias,thesculptor.(公元前5世紀(jì)，在與波斯人的戰(zhàn)爭之后，伯里克利的計(jì)劃在雕刻家菲迪亞斯的影響下得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。)”可知，公元前5世紀(jì)，在與波斯人的戰(zhàn)爭之后，才實(shí)現(xiàn)了伯里克利的計(jì)劃，由此可推知，公元前5世紀(jì)，希臘與波斯之間有可能發(fā)生了戰(zhàn)爭。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章CulturallandscapeofBali,Indonesia部分內(nèi)容“Thissitegainshonourthroughanancientfarmingceremonydatingbacktothe9thcenturyknownassubak.Thisconceptreflectsthespirit,thehumanworldandnature,alsoknownasTriHitaKarana.(這個(gè)地方通過一個(gè)古老的農(nóng)業(yè)儀式獲得榮譽(yù)，這個(gè)儀式可以追溯到9世紀(jì)，被稱為subak。這個(gè)概念反映了精神，人類世界和自然，也被稱為三希塔卡拉納。)”可知，“subak”是一種農(nóng)業(yè)儀式。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章HistoriccentreofRome,Italy部分內(nèi)容“theEternalCitywasfoundedin753BC(永恒之城始建于公元前753年)”可知，永恒之城建于公元前753年，是列舉出的世界遺產(chǎn)中擁有最長歷史的。故選B項(xiàng)。BDecisionsinlifearerarelyblackandwhitebutusuallyinvolveshadesofgray.Atdinnertime,thedecisionyoufaceisnotbetweenfastingandeatinglikeapig,butwhethertotakethatextraspoonfuloffood.Whenexamsarearoundthecorner,yourdecisionisnotbetweenquittingthemandstudying24hoursaday,butwhethertospendanextrahourreviewingyournotes.Economistsusetheterm“marginalchanges”todescribeminoradjustmentstoanexistingplanofaction.Inmanysituations,peoplemakethebestdecisionsbythinkingatthemargin.Marginmeans“edge”,somarginalchangesareadjustmentsaroundtheedgesofwhatyouaredoing.Suppose,forinstance,thatyouaskafriendforadviceabouthowmanyyearstostayinschool.IfhecomparesthelifestyleofapersonwithaPh.D.tothatofagradeschooldropout,youmightcomplainthatthiscomparisonisnothelpfulforyourdecision.Youhavesomeeducationalreadyandmostlikelyaredecidingwhethertospendanextrayearortwoinschool.Tomakethisdecision,youneedtoknowtheadditionalbenefitsthatanextrayearinschoolwouldoffer(highersalariesthroughoutlifeandthepurejoyoflearning)andtheadditionalcoststhatyouwouldpay(tuitionandtheforgonesalarieswhileyouareinschool).Bycomparingthesemarginalbenefitsandmarginalcosts,youcanevaluatewhethertheextrayearisworthwhile.Individualsandfirmscanmakebetterdecisionsbythinkingatthemargin.Arationaldecision-makertakesactionifandonlyifthemarginalbenefitoftheactionexceedsthemarginalcost.4.Whatdoes“fasting”underlinedinParagraph1mean?A.Eatingordrinkingalot. B.Eatinglittleornofood.C.Eatingonaregularbasis. D.Eatingwithoutappetite.5.WhydoestheauthorgiveanexampleinParagraph2?A.Toexplainmarginalthinking. B.Tosolvereal-lifeproblems.C.Toevaluatemarginalthinking. D.Toencourageadjustments.6.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Itisunnecessarytomakeminoradjustmentstoplans.B.Comparisonmakeslittlesenseindecision-making.C.Peopleoftenweighupbenefitsandcostsofdecisions.D.Marginalchangesarecontroversialamongindividuals.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MarginalThinkingLeadstoBetterDecisionsB.MarginalBenefitGoesbeyondMarginalCostC.RationalThinkersExistinAllAspectsofLifeD.PleasureResultsfromEffectiveComparison【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了邊際思維的定義和功能，舉例說明了邊際思維的意義，即它能幫助人們在日常工作、學(xué)習(xí)和生活中作出更合理的決定。【4題詳解】詞句猜測題。由文章第一段“Decisionsinlifearerarelyblackandwhitebutusuallyinvolveshadesofgray.Atdinnertime,thedecisionyoufaceisnotbetweenfastingandeatinglikeapig,butwhethertotakethatextraspoonfuloffood.Whenexamsarearoundthecorner,yourdecisionisnotbetweenquittingthemandstudying24hoursaday,butwhethertospendanextrahourreviewingyournotes.(生活中的決定很少是非黑即白的，但通常都是灰色的。在晚餐時(shí)間，你面臨的決定不是還是像豬一樣吃，而是是否多吃一勺食物。當(dāng)考試臨近時(shí)，你的決定不是放棄考試還是24小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)，而是是否多花一個(gè)小時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)筆記。)”可推斷出，fasting在此處與eatinglikeapig意思相反。所以應(yīng)該是“節(jié)食”的意思。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Marginmeans‘edge’,somarginalchangesareadjustmentsaroundtheedgesofwhatyouaredoing.(邊際意味著‘邊緣’，所以邊際變化是圍繞你正在做的事情的邊緣進(jìn)行的調(diào)整。)”以及下文的舉例“Suppose,forinstance,thatyouaskafriendforadviceabouthowmanyyearstostayinschool.IfhecomparesthelifestyleofapersonwithaPh.D.tothatofagradeschooldropout,youmightcomplainthatthiscomparisonisnothelpfulforyourdecision....(例如，假設(shè)你向一個(gè)朋友征求關(guān)于在學(xué)校待多少年的建議。如果他把一個(gè)博士的生活方式和一個(gè)小學(xué)輟學(xué)的人的生活方式進(jìn)行比較，你可能會抱怨這種比較對你的決定沒有幫助?！?”可知，舉例是為了解釋說明邊際變化及邊際思維。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Bycomparingthesemarginalbenefitsandmarginalcosts,youcanevaluatewhethertheextrayearisworthwhile.(通過比較這些邊際收益和邊際成本，你可以評估額外的一年是否值得。)”和最后一段“Arationaldecision-makertakesactionifandonlyifthemarginalbenefitoftheactionexceedsthemarginalcost.(當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)行動的邊際收益超過邊際成本時(shí)，理性決策者才會采取行動。)”可知，人們常常會權(quán)衡利弊，從而作出更優(yōu)的選擇。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。分析文章可知，第一段舉例說明生活中的邊際變化；第二段介紹邊際思維的定義及功能；第三段闡述邊際思維在實(shí)際生活中的應(yīng)用和意義。再結(jié)合文章最后一段“Individualsandfirmscanmakebetterdecisionsbythinkingatthemargin.(個(gè)人和公司可以通過邊際思維做出更好的決策)”，A項(xiàng)MarginalThinkingLeadstoBetterDecisions(邊際思維帶來更好的決策)符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)。CStandinginmyoffice25yearsagowasayoungastronomer.Shehadanincrediblerequestthatmyteamreviseoursoftwaretodosomethingbeyondourdesign,andriskbreakingit.Alltocarryoutaseeminglyimpossibleexperiment—toprovethatamassiveblackholeexistedinourMilkyWay.Myinitial“noway”graduallygavewayinthefaceofhercheerfulbutunshakabledetermination.ItwasmyfirstencounterwithAndreaGhez,oneofthewinnersofNobelPrizeinPhysics2020.For25yearsAndreahasbeensearchingforevidenceofablackholeattheheartofourgalaxy.Buttheworkhasbeendefinedbytechnology.ScientificequipmentwasneverdesignedtomeetAndrea'sneed—analyzingtheimagedataatsuperspeed.Butshewasnottogiveinandourteamjustmadethechanges.Anditworked!Itwasextremelyhardandtime-consuming,butAndreapersisted.Outofthateffortcamethefirstevidenceofstarsorbitingablackhole.Andreaisfondofowinghersuccesstotheinteractionbetweenastronomersandengineersrespondingtothechallenge.Sciencequestionsgeneratenewtechnologyandnewtechnologygeneratesnewscience.Andreahasalwayspioneeredinthisvirtuouscycle(良性循環(huán)).ShecreatedUCLAGalacticCentretopromoteresearchandtechnicaldevelopments.Today,Andreareceivedthehighestscientificrecognition.Butasshewouldbetheveryfirsttoknowledge,thissuccessrepresentsthecombinedeffortsofsomany.FromthetheoreticalpredictionAlbertEinstein,throughtheamazingtelescopesandobservatorylocations,tothetechnicalworkersitistheproductofthousands.Butinmyeyes,itwasjustonepersonthathadthepersistenceandfocustomaketheideahappenthatpersonismyfriendandlongtimecolleaguetheonewhorefusedtotake"no"forananswerAndreaGhez.8.WhydidAndreaGhezpaythefirstvisittotheauthor?A.Toappreciateasoftwaredesign. B.Todemandasoftwarerevision.C.Toconductanastronomyresearch. D.Topromoteahigh-techproduct.9.WhathasAndreaGhezbeenpersistingin?A.Carryingoutouterspaceexperiment. B.Developingsuperspeedequipment.C.Lookingforevidenceofablackhole. D.Searchingfornewstarsinthegalaxy.10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAndreaGhezi?A.Pioneeringandappreciative. B.Artisticandreserved.C.Determinedanddisciplined. D.Innovativeandcontrolling.11.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofAndreaGhez?A.Average B.Fashionable.C.Troublesome. D.Admirable.【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。講述獲得2020年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的AndreaGhez在研究道路上孜孜不倦和堅(jiān)持不懈的精神。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Standinginmyoffice25yearsagowasayoungastronomer.Shehadanincrediblerequestthatmyteamreviseoursoftwaretodosomethingbeyondourdesign,andriskbreakingit.”（25年前，站在我辦公室的是一位年輕的天文學(xué)家。她提出了一個(gè)令人難以置信的要求，要求我的團(tuán)隊(duì)修改我們的軟件，以完成我們設(shè)計(jì)之外的事情，并冒著破壞它的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）可知，第一次AndreaGhez拜訪作者是要求作者修改軟件。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“For25yearsAndreahasbeensearchingforevidenceofablackholeattheheartofourgalaxy.”（AndreaGhez在25年來一直在尋找銀河系中心存在黑洞的證據(jù)。）可知，AndreaGhez堅(jiān)信銀河系有黑洞并在找證據(jù)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Myinitial"noway"graduallygavewayinthefaceofhercheerfulbutunshakabledetermination.”（面對她歡快但不可動搖的決心，我最初的“不可能”漸漸讓步了。）；第二段“Butshewasnottogiveinandourteamjustmadethechanges.”（但她并沒有屈服，我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)只是做出了改變。）可知她是一個(gè)有決心，意志堅(jiān)定的人。且由文章第二段“ScientificequipmentwasneverdesignedtomeetAndrea'sneed—analyzingtheimagedataatsuperspeed.Butshewasnottogiveinandourteamjustmadethechanges.Anditworked!Itwasextremelyhardandtime-consuming,butAndreapersisted.”（科學(xué)設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)從來沒有滿足安德里亞以超高速分析圖像數(shù)據(jù)的需要。但她并沒有屈服，我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)只是做出了改變。成功了！這是非常困難和耗時(shí)的，但Andrea堅(jiān)持下去。）可知，她升級科學(xué)設(shè)備來證明她的理論，是嚴(yán)格遵守科研紀(jì)律的人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Butinmyeyes,itwasjustonepersonthathadthepersistenceandfocustomaketheideahappenthatpersonismyfriendandlongtimecolleaguetheonewhorefusedtotake"no"forananswerAndreaGhez.”（但在我看來，只有一個(gè)人有毅力和專注力讓這個(gè)想法成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，這個(gè)人就是我的朋友和老同事，就是那個(gè)拒絕接受“不”回答的人AndreaGhez。）可知，作者把AndreaGhez當(dāng)做朋友，言語中透露出對她的敬佩之情。故選D項(xiàng)。Istherealinkbetweensocialmediaanddepression?DoFacebookandInstagramhaveanegativeimpactonyourmentalhealth?It’scomplicated.Sometimes,lookingthroughInstagramjustmakesyoufeelbad.Youtrynottoenvyyourfriends,buttheyalwaysseemtobetravelingsomewherecool,eatingsomethingfancy,orlookingcuteinperfectjust-rolled-out-of-bedhair.Ontheotherhand,therearetimeswhenyoulaughatfunnymemes(表情包),catchupwitholdfriends,andfeelhappytobelongtofunsocialmediacommunities.Clearly,socialmediaisn’tallbad.Peopleareincreasinglysuspectingthatthere’repotentialproblemsofsocialmedia.Thingslikecyberbullying(網(wǎng)上欺凌),screenaddiction,andbeingexposedtoendlessfilteredimages(美顏)thatmakeitimpossiblenottomakecomparisonsbetweenyourselfandothersoftenmakethenews.InJuly,abigstudycameoutinthejournalJAMAtitled“AssociationofScreenTimeandDepressioninAdolescence.”Thisbigheadlineseemstoconfirmwhatalotofpeoplehavebeensaying—screentimeishorribleforyoungpeople.Thestudyfollowedover3,800adolescentsoverfouryearsaspartofadrugandalcoholpreventionprogram.Partofwhattheinvestigatorsmeasuredwastheteens’amountofscreentime,includingtimespentonsocialmedia,aswellastheirlevelsofdepressionsymptoms.Oneoftheirmainfindingswasthathigheramountsofsocialmediausewereassociatedwithhigherlevelsofdepression.Thatwastruebothwhentheresearchescomparedbetweenpeopleandcomparedeachpersonagainsttheirownmentalhealthovertime.Caseclosed?Notsofast.Beforeweendthedebateonceandforall,let’stakeacloserlookatthisandotherstudies.Let’saskourselves:whatexactlyistherelationshipbetweensocialmediauseanddepression?Itturnsoutthereareseveralwarnings.12.WhydopeoplesometimesfeelbadwhenlookingthroughInstagram?A.Theylackcontactwitholdfriends. B.Theycantravelnowhere.C.Theydon’tlookperfect. D.Theyfeelunbalanced.13.WhyisthearticleinjournalJAMAmentioned?A.Tocomment. B.Toprove. C.Tosuggest. D.Toexplore.14.Whichmayagreewiththefindingsofthestudy?A.Depressionisrelatedtosocialmediause.B.Teens’amountofscreentimeislimited.C.Itisnoteasytotellreasonsfordepression.D.Socialmediacontributestophysicalhealth.15.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.Howtoreducedepression? B.Doessocialmediacausedepression?C.Shallpeoplereducescreentime? D.Whyisittimetogiveupsocialmedia?【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。本文主要講述了關(guān)于青少年使用社交媒體與其抑郁癥之間因果關(guān)系的一些研究調(diào)查，強(qiáng)調(diào)了其間因果關(guān)系的復(fù)雜性。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Sometimes,lookingthroughInstagramjustmakesyoufeelbad.Youtrynottoenvyyourfriends,buttheyalwaysseemtobetravelingsomewherecool,eatingsomethingfancy,orlookingcuteinperfectjust-rolled-out-of-bedhair.(有時(shí)候，瀏覽社交平臺會讓你感覺很糟糕。你盡量不嫉妒你的朋友，但他們似乎總是去一個(gè)很酷的地方旅行，吃一些很好吃的東西，或者擁有剛剛卷起來的完美發(fā)型看起來很可愛。)”可知，瀏覽社交網(wǎng)站看到朋友的令人羨慕的內(nèi)容，會使自己感到心理不平衡而心情糟糕。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“InJuly,abigstudycameoutinthejournalJAMAtitled“AssociationofScreenTimeandDepressioninAdolescence.”Thisbigheadlineseemstoconfirmwhatalotofpeoplehavebeensaying—screentimeishorribleforyoungpeople.(今年7月，《美國醫(yī)學(xué)會雜志》(JAMA)發(fā)表了一項(xiàng)名為《屏幕時(shí)間與青春期抑郁的關(guān)系》的大型研究。這個(gè)大標(biāo)題似乎證實(shí)了很多人一直在說的——屏幕時(shí)間對年輕人來說是可怕的。)”可知，該文章證實(shí)了屏幕時(shí)間對年輕人來說是可怕的，從而支持了本段論點(diǎn)：“Peopleareincreasinglysuspectthatthere’rethepotentialproblemsofsocialmedia.(人們越來越懷疑社交媒體的潛在問題)”，故推知，提及《美國醫(yī)學(xué)會雜志》的這篇文章是為了證明論點(diǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Oneoftheirmainfindingswasthathigheramountsofsocialmediausewereassociatedwithhigherlevelsofdepression.(他們的主要發(fā)現(xiàn)之一是，社交媒體使用時(shí)間越長，抑郁程度越高。)”可知，抑郁癥與社交媒體的使用有關(guān)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Istherealinkbetweensocialmediaanddepression?DoFacebookandInstagramhaveanegativeimpactonyourmentalhealth?It’scomplicated.(社交媒體和抑郁癥之間有聯(lián)系嗎？Facebook和Instagram對你的心理健康有負(fù)面影響嗎？它是復(fù)雜的。)”以及全文可知，本文主要討論了關(guān)于青少年使用社交媒體與其抑郁癥之間因果關(guān)系的一些研究調(diào)查，強(qiáng)調(diào)了其間因果關(guān)系的復(fù)雜性。B項(xiàng)“社交媒體會導(dǎo)致抑郁癥嗎？”貼合主旨要義，為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WHYADOSEOFFEARISGOODFORYOUEleanorRooseveltoncesaid:“Doonethingeverydaythatscaresyou.”Shewasontosomething.Sciencehasshownthatfeelingfear—intherightdoses(量)—hasseveralbenefits.·Feelingfearisfunandexciting.Manypeoplescarethemselvesonpurpose.____16____Whenyoustepoutsideyourcomfortzone,itisfearthatmakesyoufeelalive,whichisfunandexciting.Theexcitementgeneratedcanalsohelpreducedepressionbyincreasingadrenaline(腎上腺素),whichinturnincreasesexcitementandglucose(changedintoenergy).____17____Adoseoffearisan“eraser”forthemind.·____18____Beingafraidofsomethingcanremindyouofanareaofyourlifethatislimitingyou.Forinstance,ifyou’reafraidofflyingbutfacethefearandgatherupthecouragetosteponanairplane,youcantraveltheworld.Addingtoyourexperiencesmeansthatyou’llcreateavariedlife.You’llalsohavefewerregrets.·Fearmakesyouawareofwhat’sreallyimportantinlife.Howoftenhaveyousaidtoyourself:“WhenIhavemoretime,I’llspenditwithmyfamily,pursuemypassion,eathealthierorexercisemore”?Fearmakesyourealizethat“now”istheonlytimeyouhavetoachieveandfollowthroughwhatismostimportant._____19_____Somesaywherefearmeetscourageisthesweetspotinwhichmountainsgetscaledandriversarerun._____20_____Weshouldallembraceourfear.Notthebigfearsthatarelife-threateningbutthehelpfulfearsthatcomeinsmalldoses.A.Fearhelpsyousucceed.B.“Later”isneverensured.C.Fearallowsyoutolivelifetothefullest.D.Theywatchscarymovies,riderollercoastersorgoskydiving.E.Andeverytimeyoucomethroughachallenge,youfeelempowered.F.Mostofall,fearcanbethebirthplaceofchange,creativityandinnovation.G.Actually,it’snearlyimpossibletobethinkingofyourworrieswhenyouareexperiencingfear.【答案】16.D17.G18.C19.B20.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了適度的恐懼是有好處的【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Feelingfearisfunandexciting.Manypeoplescarethemselvesonpurpose.(感到恐懼是有趣和令人興奮的。許多人故意嚇唬自己)”可知，有人喜歡恐懼的感覺，并故意找恐懼感。由此可知，D.Theywatchscarymovies,riderollercoastersorgoskydiving.(他們看恐怖電影，坐過山車或去跳傘)能夠銜接上文，符合語境。其中They指代上文中的Manypeople。故選D。【17題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Adoseoffearisan“eraser”forthemind.(恐懼是大腦的“橡皮擦”)”可知，此處在講述恐懼和人的心理有關(guān)。由此可知，G.Actually,it’snearlyimpossibletobethinkingofyourworrieswhenyouareexperiencingfear.(事實(shí)上，當(dāng)你感到恐懼時(shí)，你幾乎不可能想到你的憂慮)能夠銜接下文，符合語境。其中impossibletobethinkingofyourworries對應(yīng)上文中的“eraser”forthemind。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Beingafraidofsomethingcanremindyouofanareaofyourlifethatislimitingyou.Forinstance,ifyou’reafraidofflyingbutfacethefearandgatherupthecouragetosteponanairplane,youcantraveltheworld.Addingtoyourexperiencesmeansthatyou’llcreateavariedlife.You’llalsohavefewerregrets.(害怕某件事可以提醒你生活中某個(gè)限制你的領(lǐng)域。例如，如果你害怕坐飛機(jī)，但面對恐懼，鼓起勇氣登上飛機(jī)，你就可以環(huán)游世界。增加你的經(jīng)歷意味著你將創(chuàng)造一個(gè)豐富多彩的生活。你也會少一些遺憾)”可知，本段主要講述了如何人們挑戰(zhàn)內(nèi)心的恐懼，做一些讓自己害怕的事情，會豐富自己的經(jīng)歷，少一些遺憾。由此可知，C.Fearallowsyoutolivelifetothefullest.(恐懼能讓你活得更充實(shí))能夠總起下文，作本段的主題句，符合語境。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Fearmakesyourealizethat“now”istheonlytimeyouhavetoachieveandfollowthroughwhatismostimportant.(恐懼會讓你意識到，“現(xiàn)在”是你唯一需要實(shí)現(xiàn)和堅(jiān)持最重要的事情的時(shí)間)”可知，恐懼會讓你重視和抓住“現(xiàn)在”。由此可知，B.“Later”isneverensured.(“以后”永遠(yuǎn)不會得到保證)能夠銜接上文，符合語境。其中Later對應(yīng)上文中的now。故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Somesaywherefearmeetscourageisthesweetspotinwhichmountainsgetscaledandriversarerun.(有人說，恐懼與勇氣相遇的地方是攀登高山、奔流河流的最佳地點(diǎn))”可知，此處在講述恐懼給人帶來的好處，且總結(jié)全文。由此可知，F(xiàn).Mostofall,fearcanbethebirthplaceofchange,creativityandinnovation.(最重要的是，恐懼可以成為變革、創(chuàng)造和革新的搖籃)能夠銜接上文，同時(shí)引起下文“Weshouldallembraceourfear.Notthebigfearsthatarelife-threateningbutthehelpfulfearsthatcomeinsmalldoses.(我們都應(yīng)該擁抱我們的恐懼。不是危及生命的大恐懼，而是小劑量的有益恐懼)”符合語境。故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ScottPooreisananimallover.Hemovesintoananimalshelter’skennel(犬舍)withthe___21___ofhelpingunwantedyoungdogsgetadopted(收養(yǎng)).Queen,a3-year-olddog,hasjustgotthemost___22___roommatedespitethenarrowlivingroom.SincePooreisa(n)___23___visitorattheanimalshelter,heisfamiliarwithallofthe___24___.However,littleQueenhas___25___hisattentioninparticular.PooresaysthatherecentlybegantonoticethatQueenseemedtobe“l(fā)osing___26___”infindingaforeverhome.“IhavebeenvisitingthesheltereverysingledayforoverayearandIcan___27___seeQueen’sgivingup.Sheusedtogetso___28___whenIwouldarrive,butnowshejustliesinherbed.”SotoraiseawarenessofQueen’ssituation,Poorepackedasuitcaseandmovedintothekenneltokeepit___29___.Pooresaysithasbeen___30___managinghisworkwhilealsolivingattheshelter,butheis___31___tostayinthekenneluntilsomeoneadoptsQueen.Afterhe___32___thekennelearlierthisweek,heandhisnewpuppyroommatehavebeen___33___theheadlinesofalotofnationalnews,butnopossible___34___havesteppedforward.Delightfully,thisdoghaseventuallybeengivenalovinghomeafterhispath___35___withthatofawomanlivingontheothersideofthecountry.21.A.registration B.aim C.exception D.issue22.A.organized B.devoted C.talented D.educated23.A.patient B.confident C.lovely D.regular24.A.survivors B.partners C.animals D.kennels25.A.broken B.lost C.understood D.attracted26.A.hope B.freedom C.happiness D.energy27.A.obviously B.adventurously C.curiously D.accidentally28.A.annoyed B.shocked C.excited D.disappointed29.A.organization B.company C.campus D.experiment30.A.content B.important C.individual D.challenging31.A.inspired B.determined C.honored D.satisfied32.A.settledinto B.cleanedup C.caredfor D.metwith33.A.debating B.hearing C.encouraging D.hitting34.A.visitors B.adopters C.customers D.volunteers35.A.made B.reviewed C.crossed D.explored【答案】21.B22.B23.D24.C25.D26.A27.A28.C29.B30.D31.B32.A33.D34.B35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。ScottPoore是一位動物愛好者，他搬進(jìn)動物收容所的犬舍，幫助那些被拋棄的小狗找到領(lǐng)養(yǎng)家庭。他特別關(guān)注3歲的Queen，決定一直待在犬舍直到她被領(lǐng)養(yǎng)。最終，Queen在和一位住在國家的女士相遇后找到了一個(gè)有愛的家。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他搬進(jìn)了一家動物收容所的狗舍，目的是幫助被遺棄的小狗被收養(yǎng)。A.registration注冊；B.aim目的；C.exception例外；D.issue問題。根據(jù)后文“helpingunwantedyoungdogsgetadopted”可知，幫助被遺棄的小狗被收養(yǎng)，應(yīng)該是他的目的。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Queen是一只3歲的狗，盡管客廳很窄，但它剛剛找到了最忠誠的室友。A.organized有組織的；B.devoted忠誠的；C.talented有才能的；D.educated受過…教育的。根據(jù)“heistostayinthekenneluntilsomeoneadoptsQueen.”可知，Poore搬進(jìn)了狗舍，他決心待在狗舍里，直到有人收養(yǎng)Queen，可知他是最忠誠的室友。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于Poore是動物收容所的?？?，他對所有的動物都很熟悉。A.patient耐心的；B.confident自信的；C.lovely可愛的；D.regular定期的。根據(jù)后文“Ihavebeenvisitingthesheltereverysingledayforoverayear”知，Poore是這家動物收容所的常客，aregularvisitor“一名?？汀?。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于Poore是動物收容所的常客，他對所有的動物都很熟悉。A.survivor幸存者；B.partners搭檔；C.animals動物；D.kennels狗屋。根據(jù)前文“SincePooreisa(n)visitorattheanimalshelter”可知，Poore是這家動物收容所的?？?，因此對所有的動物都很熟悉。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，小Queen特別吸引了他的注意。A.broken折斷，打碎；B.lost丟失；C.understood明白，理解；D.attracted吸引。根據(jù)后文“PooresaysthatherecentlybegantonoticethatQueen”可知，Queen卻特別吸引Poore的注意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Poore說，他最近開始注意到，Queen似乎在尋找一個(gè)永遠(yuǎn)的家方面“失去了希望”。A.hope希望；B.freedom自由；C.happiness幸福；D.energy能量。根據(jù)后文“IcanseeQueen’sgivingup”可知，他開始注意到Queen似乎對找到一個(gè)永遠(yuǎn)的家“失去了希望”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一年多來，我每天都去收容所，我可以明顯看到Queen放棄了。A.obviously明顯地；B.adventurously冒險(xiǎn)地；C.curiously好奇地；D.accidentally偶然地。根據(jù)后面的“SheusedtogetsowhenIwouldarrive,butnowshejustliesinherbed.”可知，他很明顯地看到它放棄了，因?yàn)樗皇翘稍诖采?。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：以前我一到她就很興奮，但現(xiàn)在她只是躺在床上。A.annoyed生氣的；B.shocked驚訝的；C.excited興奮的；D.disappointed感到失望的。根據(jù)后文“butnowshejustliesinherbed.”可知，前文和本句轉(zhuǎn)折，所以本句說Queen躺在床上死氣沉沉，所以空處應(yīng)說她看到作者就興奮。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，為了提高對Queen處境的關(guān)注，Poore收拾好行李，搬進(jìn)了狗舍，陪著它。A.organization組織；B.company陪伴；C.campus校園；D.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)。由“movedintothedog’skenneltokeepit”可知，Poore收拾了行李，搬到狗窩里陪伴它。故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Poore說，住在收容所的同時(shí)還要兼顧工作，這對他來說是個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，但他決心待在狗舍里，直到有人收養(yǎng)Queen。A.content滿足的；B.important重要的；C.individual個(gè)別的；D.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的。由后文“managinghisworkwhilealsolivingattheshelter”可知，Poore在收容中心生活的同時(shí)還要管理自己的工作，這是很有挑戰(zhàn)性的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳