山東省菏澤市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試B卷英語試題(解析版)

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省菏澤市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試B卷英語試題第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFourPopularBooksonScienceMustn’tGrumbleThisbookwrittenbyGrahamLawtonisnotaboutwhathappenswhenwe’reillwithsomethingserioustosendustothedoctor.Instead,itfocusesonmanyofmild,annoyingillnesses,achesandpainswhichwecanalwaysputupwith.It’samixtureofscienceandhistory,withalighttouch,andprovidespracticalinformationabouteachillnessforthereader.GenerationsInthisdeeplyresearchedbook,ProfessorBobbyDuffyprovidesanewframeworkforunderstandingtheissuesoftheday:fromculturewarstoclimatechangeandmentalhealthtohousing.Includinginformationfromallovertheglobe,andwithpowerfuleffectsonhumanity’sfuture,thisbig-thinkingbookwillchangehowyouviewtheworld.EurekaIntroducedbyJimAl-Khalili,Eurekabringstogether365mindblowingquestions,attractivefactsandexcitingexperiments.Ifyou’veeverwonderedwhatwouldhappenifthemoondisappeared,whycatsalwayslandontheirfeet,whywegetmorningbreath,howtomeasurethespeedoflightwithachocolatebar,ifyoucouldsurfdownaneruptingvolcanoandwhysongsgetstuckinyourhead,thisbookwouldbeagoodchoice.UnthinkableUnthinkabletakesusonanunforgettablejourneythroughthehumanbrain.Award-winningsciencewriterHelenThomsonhasspentyearstravellingtheworldtrackingdownbraindisordersthatarenotseenveryoften.InUnthinkableshetellsthestoriesofnineunusualpeople.Fromthemanwhothinkshe’satigertothedoctorwhofeelsthepainofothersjustbylookingatthem.Theirexperiencesshowhowthebraincanshapeourlivesinunexpectedand,insomecases,alarmingways.1.HowdoesthebookMustn’tGrumblebenefitreaders?A.Byhelpingthemkeephealthy. B.Byimprovingtheirstudies.C.Bymakingthemlovescience. D.Byteachingthemtocareforpatients.2.Whosebookmayinterestyouifyouwanttoknowanswerstoamazingthings?A.GrahamLawton’s. B.BobbyDuffy’s. C.HelenThomson’s. D.JimAl-Khalili’s.3.WhatdoesthebookUnthinkablemainlydealwith?A.Worldtravelling. B.Wondersofthebrain.C.Sufferingsfrombraindisease. D.Achievementsofunusualpeople.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本科普讀物的相關(guān)信息?！即鸢浮?.A2.D3.B【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mustn’tGrumble中的“It’samixtureofscienceandhistory,withalighttouch,andprovidespracticalinformationabouteachillnessforthereader.(這本書結(jié)合了科學(xué)和歷史，筆觸輕快，為讀者提供了關(guān)于每種疾病的實用信息)”可知，Mustn’tGrumble幫助人們保持健康。故選A項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Eureka中的“Ifyou’veeverwonderedwhatwouldhappenifthemoondisappeared,whycatsalwayslandontheirfeet,whywegetmorningbreath,howtomeasurethespeedoflightwithachocolatebar,ifyoucouldsurfdownaneruptingvolcanoandwhysongsgetstuckinyourhead,thisbookwouldbeagoodchoice.(如果你想知道如果月亮消失了會發(fā)生什么，為什么貓總是用腳著地，為什么我們早上會有口臭，如何用巧克力棒測量光速，如果你能在噴發(fā)的火山上沖浪，為什么歌曲會在你的腦海里縈繞，這本書將是一個很好的選擇)”可知，如果你想知道神奇事物的〖答案〗，JimAl-Khalili’s的書會讓你感興趣。故選D項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Unthinkable中的“Unthinkabletakesusonanunforgettablejourneythroughthehumanbrain.Award-winningsciencewriterHelenThomsonhasspentyearstravellingtheworldtrackingdownbraindisordersthatarenotseenveryoften.InUnthinkableshetellsthestoriesofnineunusualpeople.(《不可思議》帶我們踏上了一段難忘的人腦之旅。屢獲殊榮的科學(xué)作家海倫·湯姆森花了數(shù)年時間周游世界，追蹤不常見的腦部疾病。在《不可思議》一書中，她講述了九個不同尋常的人的故事)”可知，Unthinkable主要是關(guān)于大腦的奇跡。故選B項。BDavidandAliciaTschirhartadoredtheirYellowLab,Marley,buttheyneverknewjusthowmuch,untilthatdaybackin2014whentheywerehikingwithhiminhillsneartheirSanDiegohome.“Aliciawentoffthepathtograbawalkingsticktohelpthroughthepath,”Davidrecalled.“AndMarleyallofasuddendarted(猛沖)frommeandhestartedclawingthegroundwhereAliciawasreachingforawalkingstick.AndIdidn’tknowwhatwashappening.Aliciakindoffellback.WhenIlookedmoreclosely,Isawthatitwasarattlesnake,”hetoldjournalistTracySmith.Rattlesnakesarecommononthesetrails,whichareverysteepandmilesfromanyhospital.AndtheTschirhartsdidn’thavecellphoneswiththem.ForAlicia,whowasfourmonthspregnant,asnakebitecouldhavebeenadisaster.Thankfully,12-year-oldMarleyscaredthesnakeaway,andafewmonthslater,theTschirharts’firstdaughterMaddiewasborn.Butbythen,Marleyhadbeendiagnosedwithcancer,andbyThanksgivingweekend2014,itwascleartheendwasnear.AndtheirloveforMarleywassostrongthattheycouldn’treallyletitgo.So,theTschirhartsturnedtoViaGenPets,ofAustin,Texas,acompanythathasclonedhundredsofpetsforamultitudeofgratefulowners.Forasmuchas$50,000,thecompanywillculturethecells,createembryos,implanttheminasurrogate(代孕母親),anddeliveracloneofyourlovedone.Marley’sclone,Ziggy,anenergeticyellowball.ButtoDavidandAlicia,he’snothinglessthanMarleyreborn.“HeisexactlythetwinofMarley,”saidDavid.“So,he’sin,Iguess,thesameenvironment.Soreally,he’sbecomethesamedog.”Andwhilepetcloningisstilldebatable,itcanmean,forsomeatleast,thatwiththerightamountoflove,scienceandmoney,youneverreallyneedtosaygoodbye.4.WhydidMarleysuddenlybehavethatwayduringthehike?A.Itwantedtohavesomefun. B.Itwasn’tnormalsometimes.C.Itdetecteddangerforitsowner. D.Itfoundabetterstickforitsowner.5.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyshow?A.Thecouplejusthaveonedaughternow. B.Thecouplewereverygratefultothedog.C.Thecoupledon’tlikeusingacellphone. D.Thecouplewereverycarelesssometimes.6.WhatdidthecoupledecidetodonearMarley’sdeath?A.Saveitnomatterhowharditis. B.Finditssurrogateforthemtomeet.C.Letitdiewithoutsufferinganypain. D.Cloneadogthroughnewtechnology.7.Whatisthecouple’sattitudetowardsZiggy?A.Theyfinditverysatisfyingtothem. B.Theyconsideritatotallynewdog.C.Theyarequiteconcernedaboutit. D.Theydon’tthinkit’sasgoodasMarley.【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了一對夫婦通過通過新技術(shù)克隆愛狗的故事。〖答案〗4.C5.B6.D7.A【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AndMarleyallofasuddendarted(猛沖)frommeandhestartedclawingthegroundwhereAliciawasreachingforawalkingstick.AndIdidn’tknowwhatwashappening.Aliciakindoffellback.WhenIlookedmoreclosely,Isawthatitwasarattlesnake,”（馬利突然從我身邊跑開，在艾麗西婭伸手去拿拐杖的地方抓地。我不知道發(fā)生了什么。艾麗西婭有點退縮了。當(dāng)我更仔細(xì)地看時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)那是一條響尾蛇）可知，馬利突然的行為是因為它為主人察覺到了危險。故選C項。【5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ForAlicia,whowasfourmonthspregnant,asnakebitecouldhavebeenadisaster.Thankfully,12-year-oldMarleyscaredthesnakeaway,andafewmonthslater,theTschirharts’firstdaughterMaddiewasborn.”（對于已經(jīng)懷孕四個月的艾麗西婭來說，被蛇咬傷可能是一場災(zāi)難。謝天謝地，12歲的馬利把蛇嚇跑了，幾個月后，奇爾哈特家的第一個女兒瑪?shù)俪錾?。）可知，第三段主要展示了這對夫婦非常感激這只狗。故選B項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“So,theTschirhartsturnedtoViaGenPets,ofAustin,Texas,acompanythathasclonedhundredsofpetsforamultitudeofgratefulowners.”（于是，奇爾哈特一家求助于德克薩斯州奧斯汀市的ViaGen寵物公司，這家公司已經(jīng)克隆了數(shù)百只寵物，許多寵物主人對此表示感激。）可知，這對夫婦在馬利死前決定通過新技術(shù)克隆狗。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文大衛(wèi)和艾麗西婭對于馬利的愛和最后一段“Marley’sclone,Ziggy,anenergeticyellowball.ButtoDavidandAlicia,he’snothinglessthanMarleyreborn.”（馬利的克隆體，Ziggy，一個精力充沛的黃球。但對大衛(wèi)和艾麗西婭來說，他就是馬利的重生。）可知，他們對克隆的Ziggy很滿意。故選A項。CThecandyweeat,theteawedrink,thelotionweusetheyalllikelycontainingredientsfromwildplants.Whilenaturalingredientscanbebeneficialtobuyers,thewaythoseplantsareharvestedcouldharmecosystems.InarecentUnitedNationsreport,medicinalplantexpertsrevealedtherisksbehindseveralofthem,includingBrazilnuts,frankincense,goldenseal,gumarabic,andlicorice.Plantderivatives（衍生物）inhouseholdproducts“sittheresomewhereinthemiddleoftheingredientslist”onproductlabels,oftengoingunnoticed,saysCaitlinSchindler,leadauthorofthereport.Evenifconsumersdotakenote,there’snoinformationaboutwhat’sinvolvedinobtainingorprocessingthederivatives.Manyoftheseplantsarethreatenedwithextinctionfromoverharvesting,diseaseandpests,climatechange,andhabitatloss.Theendangeredstateofmorethan20,000medicinalplantspecieshasneverbeenassessed,whichmeansit’simpossibletoknowwhethertheiruseissustainable.Meanwhile,thetradeinwildplantsisbooming.U.S.consumersspentmorethan$12.3billiononherbaldietarysupplementsin2021upmorethan9percentfrom2020.Wildplantshavebeenusedlocallyforcenturies,buttoday’sglobaldemandputsmanyatrisk.Andinternationalcustomersoftenhavenoideawheretheseproductsoriginate.Shouldconsumersstopbuyingtheproducts?No.Schindlersays,because“theingredientsarereallycriticaltoalotofpeople’slivelihoods.”Solutionsfortransformingthetradeinwildplantsarerootedinawareness.Thefirststepforconsumersisto“justnoticethatyou’rebuyingsomethingthathasawildingredient,”shesays.It’sgenerallysafertopurchaselocalproductsandsplurgeonmoreexpensiveones,ifpossible.Consumerscanalsolookfororganicandfair-tradecertifications.Variousprogramsevaluatewild-plantsupplychainsforsustainability,andmanycompaniesadvertisethesecertifications,eitherontheproductoronline.OneofthemostprominentisFairWild,whichassessesenvironmentalrisksandrecommendsbestsourcingpractices.Ifcertificationsaremissing,Schindlerencouragespeopletochallengecompaniestodobetter.“Untilbusinessesgetabitmorepressurefromconsumers,wewon’tseeanychangeshappening,”shesays.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutwildplantsaccordingtothereport?A.Theircurrentsituationisignored. B.Theyarelimitedonaglobalscale.C.Theyhavebeenevaluatedregularly. D.Theirprocessinformationisonthelabel.9.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwords“splurgeon”inparagraph5?A.Getridof. B.Spendmuchmoneyon.C.Payattentionto. D.Conductmanyexperimentson.10.Whyaretheorganicandfair-tradecertificationsvalued?A.Theyconfirmthequalityofthewildplants.B.Theyofferconsumersrightstoassesstheproducts.C.Theyensuretheuseofwildplantsatasteadylevel.D.Theyinspirecompaniestomakemoreadvertisements.11.Whatisthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了人們吃的糖果、喝的茶、用的乳液——它們都可能含有來自野生植物的成分。但是這些成分被忽視了。同時介紹了了解這些成分的方法?！即鸢浮?.A9.B10.C11.C【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Plantderivatives（衍生物）inhouseholdproducts“sittheresomewhereinthemiddleoftheingredientslist”onproductlabels,oftengoingunnoticed,saysCaitlinSchindler,leadauthorofthereport.”（該報告的主要作者凱特琳·辛德勒(CaitlinSchindler)說，家用產(chǎn)品中的植物衍生物“位于產(chǎn)品標(biāo)簽上成分表的中間位置”，經(jīng)常被忽視。）可知，根據(jù)這篇報道，我們可以了解到關(guān)于野生植物它們的現(xiàn)狀被忽視了。故選A項?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“It’sgenerallysafertopurchaselocalproducts”（一般來說，如果可能的話，購買當(dāng)?shù)氐漠a(chǎn)品）以及“moreexpensiveones”（更加昂貴的產(chǎn)品）可知，是把更多的錢花費在更加昂貴的產(chǎn)品上。故選B項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Consumerscanalsolookfororganicandfair-tradecertifications.Variousprogramsevaluatewild-plantsupplychainsforsustainability,andmanycompaniesadvertisethesecertifications,eitherontheproductoronline.”（消費者還可以尋找有機(jī)和公平貿(mào)易認(rèn)證。各種各樣的項目評估野生植物供應(yīng)鏈的可持續(xù)性，許多公司在產(chǎn)品上或網(wǎng)上宣傳這些認(rèn)證。）可知，為什么有機(jī)和公平貿(mào)易認(rèn)證是有價值的是因為他們確保野生植物的使用在一個穩(wěn)定的水平。故選C項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，第一段主要講了短文介紹了人們吃的糖果、喝的茶、用的乳液——它們都可能含有來自野生植物的成分、第二段、第三段和第四段講了野生植物的成分被忽略的現(xiàn)狀。第四五段和第六段告知讀者應(yīng)該如何了解商品中野生動物的成分。所以短文的結(jié)構(gòu)為C選項。故選C項。DCrohn’sdiseaseisaconstantsourceoftroubleforsufferers.Thislong-termconditioniscommonlyfoundinthesmallintestine(腸)andthesymptomscanincludestomachaches,jointpainandweightloss.Anewstudysuggeststhattheremaybeawaytochangethediettotakecontrolofthisdifficult-to-treatdisease.Onecommoncauseofthecondition,whichaffectsasmanyas780,000Americans,isanoveractiveimmunesystemthatconsidersharmlessgutbacteriaasdangersandrespondsbyproducinginflammation(炎癥).Thenewstudysuggeststhatadietrichinhealthyfatsandoilssuchascoconutoilorcocoabuttermayleadtospecificchangesingutbacteriathatcouldfightharmfulinflammation.AlthoughtheresearchwasconductedonmicewithaCrohn’s-likedisease,theresultsarethefirsttoshowhowhigh-fatdietscanchangegutbacteriatofightagainstinflammation,accordingtoleadauthorAlexanderRodriguez-Palacios,PhDandAssistantProfessorofMedicineatCWRU-M.Inthestudy,themicethatwerefedevenasmallamountofcoconutoilorcocoabutterwerefoundtohaveupto30percentfewertypesofgutbacteriaandlesssevereintestinalinflammationthanthosefedatypicaldiet.ThesefindingssuggestthattheremaybeabeneficialCrohn’sdiseasedietthatinvolvestakingin“good”fatsinnormalamounts.Patientscansubstitutethesegoodfatsforothersourcesintheirdiets,Dr.Rodriguez-Palaciosnotes.Humansandmicesharemanycommongeneticfeatures,andbyexaminingmice,scientistscangainvaluableunderstandingabouthowhumansfunction.However,humansmayrespondtodietarychangesdifferentlyandintheirownways.Forexample,notallso-calledgoodfatswillworkforallpatients,Dr.Rodriguez-Palaciospointsout.Heishopefulthatthedietcouldbebeneficialtoatleastsomepatients,anditwouldn’thavethesideeffectsandrisksthatcomewithmedicaltreatments.“Thetricknowwillbetoreallydiscoverwhatmakesafat‘good’or‘bad’forCrohn’spatients,”hesays.12.WhatcanbeinferredaboutCrohn’sdisease?A.It’samajorcauseofstomachaches. B.Itcandamageone’simmunesystem.C.It’sconsideredtobeaveryraredisease. D.Doctorshaven’tfoundagoodwaytotreatit.13.WhatcommonlyleadstoCrohn’sdisease?A.Thedietwithtoomuchfatandoil. B.Harmfulgutbacteriainthesmallintestine.C.Wrongresponseofthebodytogutbacteria. D.Poorimmunesystemweakenedbydiseases.14.What’simpliedinthelastparagraph?A.FurtherresearchisneededtohelptreatCrohn’sdisease.B.It’seasytofindgoodfatsforsufferersofCrohn’sdisease.C.CoconutoilcanreallyhelptreatCrohn’sdiseaseinhumans.D.Thestudy’sfindingsareuselesstosufferersofCrohn’sdisease.15.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.It’sdifficulttofindacureforCrohn’sdiseaseB.OnesimpledietchangemayhelpwithCrohn’sdiseaseC.ResearchershavefoundthecauseofCrohn’sdiseaseD.MoreAmericansaresufferingfromCrohn’sdisease【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了一個簡單的飲食改變可能有助于治療克羅恩病。〖答案〗12.D13.C14.A15.B【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Crohn’sdiseaseisaconstantsourceoftroubleforsufferers.Thislong-termconditioniscommonlyfoundinthesmallintestine(腸)andthesymptomscanincludestomachaches,jointpainandweightloss.Anewstudysuggeststhattheremaybeawaytochangethediettotakecontrolofthisdifficult-to-treatdisease.”（克羅恩病一直給患者帶來麻煩。這種長期疾病常見于小腸，癥狀包括胃痛、關(guān)節(jié)痛和體重減輕。一項新的研究表明，也許有一種方法可以通過改變飲食來控制這種難以治療的疾病。）可知，醫(yī)生還沒有找到治療疾病的好方法。故選D項?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Onecommoncauseofthecondition,whichaffectsasmanyas780,000Americans,isanoveractiveimmunesystemthatconsidersharmlessgutbacteriaasdangersandrespondsbyproducinginflammation(炎癥).”（這種影響多達(dá)78萬美國人的疾病的一個常見原因是過度活躍的免疫系統(tǒng)，它認(rèn)為無害的腸道細(xì)菌是危險的，并以產(chǎn)生炎癥作為回應(yīng)。）可知，身體對腸道細(xì)菌的錯誤反應(yīng)導(dǎo)致了疾病。故選C項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thetricknowwillbetoreallydiscoverwhatmakesafat‘good’or‘bad’forCrohn’spatients”（現(xiàn)在的訣竅是真正發(fā)現(xiàn)是什么讓脂肪對克羅恩病患者‘好’或‘壞’）可知，需要進(jìn)一步的研究來幫助治療克羅恩病。故選A項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Anewstudysuggeststhattheremaybeawaytochangethediettotakecontrolofthisdifficult-to-treatdisease.”（一項新的研究表明，也許有一種方法可以通過改變飲食來控制這種難以治療的疾病。）可知，短文介紹了一個簡單的飲食改變可能有助于治療克羅恩病。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Animalsdeservetoliveasafeandhealthylifeasmuchashumansdo.___16___Somepeopletrytogetprofitfromeverythingandsometimesanimalsbecomevictims.Itisvitalthatwetakeactiontoprotectanimals.Belowaresomesimplewaysinwhichwecanallcontributetowardstheprotectionofendangeredanimals.Spreadawareness.Onewaytoprotectendangeredanimalsistocreateawarenessaboutthem.___17___Havingseminars(研討會)isanotherwayofcreatingawareness.Also,familiarizepeoplearoundyouwiththeimportanceoftheanimalsinyoursurroundings.Ourroutineactivitiesdirectlyorindirectlyinfluencetheirlifestyle.Drivecarefullyinforestareas.Itisimportanttowatchtheroadwhenyouaregoingthroughroadsinforestareas.Manyanimalsdiewhiletryingtocrosstheroadbecausepeopledonotpayattentiontothem.___18___Avoidplasticitems.Doyouknowwhathappenstoaplasticbagthrownintoariver?___19___Plasticisabigthreattowildlife.Andwehavetoreducetheoverconsumptionoflife-threateningproductstoprotecttheendangeredspecies.Preventplasticitemssuchasbagsandcontainers.Shopinahandmadewovenbagandrecycletheboxes.___20___Asavolunteer,youcanoffersupporttoanimalrescueteamsinyourarea.Suchorganizationsarealwaysshortoffundsandarelookingforanimalloverstosupportthecause.Spendingaportionofyourdailyorweeklyscheduleisonesteptowardssavingwildlifeandprotectingendangeredspecies.A.Changeyourregularroutine.B.So,wehighlysuggestcarefuluseofwater.C.Spendtimerescuinganimalsinyourlocality.D.Sadly,thisdoesnothaveuniversalacceptance.E.Sowecansavetheirlivesbybeingmorecareful.F.Itisprobablyeatenbyanadultturtle,chokingittodeath.G.Youcancreatelocalcommunitygroupsthatworkforthiscause.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了保護(hù)瀕危動物的一些方法?！即鸢浮?6.D17.G18.E19.F20.C【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Animalsdeservetoliveasafeandhealthylifeasmuchashumansdo.”（動物應(yīng)該和人類一樣過上安全健康的生活。）根據(jù)下文“Somepeopletrytogetprofitfromeverythingandsometimesanimalsbecomevictims.”（有些人試圖從一切中獲利，有時動物成為受害者。）可知，上文的觀念沒有得到普遍的認(rèn)可。故D選項“遺憾的是，這并沒有得到普遍的認(rèn)可。”切題。故選D項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Havingseminars(研討會 )isanotherwayofcreatingawareness.”（舉辦研討會是另一種提高意識的方式）可知，上文與下文為并列關(guān)系，說明提高意識的做法。故G選項“你可以創(chuàng)建當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鐓^(qū)團(tuán)體，為這個事業(yè)而努力”切題。故選G項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Drivecarefullyinforestareas.”（在森林地區(qū)開車要小心），再根據(jù)上文“Manyanimalsdiewhiletryingtocrosstheroadbecausepeopledonotpayattentiontothem.”（許多動物在試圖過馬路時死亡，因為人們沒有注意到它們。）可知，選項承接上文說明我們得小心駕駛可以挽救動物的生命。故E選項“所以我們可以通過更加小心來挽救他們的生命。”切題。故選E項?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Doyouknowwhathappenstoaplasticbagthrownintoariver?”（你知道把塑料袋扔進(jìn)河里會發(fā)生什么嗎?）根據(jù)下文“Plasticisabigthreattowildlife.”（塑料是野生動物的一大威脅）可知，空處說明塑料對動物的具體傷害。故F選項“它很可能被一只成年烏龜吃掉，海龜活活噎死?！鼻蓄}。故選F項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Asavolunteer,youcanoffersupporttoanimalrescueteamsinyourarea.Suchorganizationsarealwaysshortoffundsandarelookingforanimalloverstosupportthecause.”（作為一名志愿者，你可以為你所在地區(qū)的動物救援隊提供支持。這些組織總是缺乏資金，正在尋找動物愛好者來支持這項事業(yè)。）可知，本段告訴我們要花時間拯救你所在地區(qū)的動物。故C選項“要花時間拯救你所在地區(qū)的動物。”切題，為本段的主題句。故選C項。第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AsIstoodatthecrossroads,themalevillagersallaskedthesamequestion:WasIsureIwantedtoclimbthe___21___mountain?Believeitornot,I,aWesternfemale,___22___it.IexplainedthatIhadbeen___23___forsometime.IstressedthatIwould___24___theirlocaltraditionsandhiresomevillagersasguides,butitseemedtodolittletoeasetheir___25___.ThemalevillagerstoldmethatIwouldencounterquickmudthatwould___26___mewhole,emphasizingthatthiswouldcertainlybemyfategivenmysmall___27___.Thevillagewomen,ontheotherhand,smiledatme,andafewwomen___28___theirarms.Afterwitnessingthesupportand___29___voicesofthem,themenagreedtothearrangementthatseemedtoputthem___30___withmyclimb.AsImademywaytowardthemountain,Iwas___31___notonlybymynewsupport___32___，butalsobyeveryvillagewoman.IknewIwasn’tthefirstWesternfemaletomaketheclimb,andIcertainlywouldn’tbethelast.Butwiththewomenvillagers___33___accompanyingme,Ifeltanoverwhelmingsenseofcollective___34___.Thegreatestriskisnottakingarisk,andweshouldalways___35___ourdreams.21.A.dangerous B.famous C.distant D.bare22.A.hit B.made C.remembered D.broke23.A.searching B.standing C.caring D.preparing24.A.enrich B.keep C.simplify D.change25.A.stress B.anger C.services D.concerns26.A.lift B.swallow C.attack D.stretch27.A.size B.strength C.ambition D.effort28.A.raised B.hid C.touched D.crossed29.A.unusual B.active C.steady D.urgent30.A.atease B.onpurpose C.bychance D.inpublic31.A.offered B.afforded C.assessed D.joined32.A.team B.base C.situation D.atmosphere33.A.particularly B.proudly C.seriously D.secretly34.A.challenge B.judgment C.accomplishment D.responsibility35.A.consult B.accompany C.interpret D.follow【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。敘述了一位女士攀登險山并受到當(dāng)?shù)嘏迕裰С值墓适隆９适赂嬖V我們：人生中最大的危險是不敢冒險，我們應(yīng)該勇于追逐自己的夢想?！即鸢浮?1.A22.B23.D24.B25.D26.B27.A28.A29.B30.A31.D32.A33.B34.C35.D【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我站在十字路口時，男村民都問了同樣的問題：我確定我想爬那座危險的山嗎？A.dangerous危險的；B.famous著名的；C.distant遙遠(yuǎn)的；D.bare光禿禿的。根據(jù)下文“ThemalevillagerstoldmethatIwouldencounterquickmudthat”可知，這是座危險的高山。故選A項。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：信不信由你，我，一個西方女性，成功了。A.hit擊打；B.made使成功；C.remembered記得；D.broke打碎。根據(jù)前文“themalevillagersallaskedthesamequestion:WasIsureIwantedtoclimbthedangerousmountain?”可知，當(dāng)?shù)氐哪行跃用穸紗柫俗髡呦嗤膯栴}，是否確定要爬這座危險的高山，所以后文應(yīng)該是信不信由你，作者作為一個西方女性，成功了。故選B項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我解釋說我已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備了一段時間。A.searching搜索；B.standing站立；C.caring照顧；D.preparing準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)前文“themalevillagersallaskedthesamequestion:WasIsureIwantedtoclimbthedangerousmountain?”可知，當(dāng)?shù)氐哪行跃用穸紗柫俗髡呦嗤膯栴}，是否確定要爬這座危險的高山，所以為了打消當(dāng)?shù)卮迕竦囊蓱]，作者解釋自己已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備了一段時間。故選D項。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我強(qiáng)調(diào)，我會遵循他們當(dāng)?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng)，并聘請一些村民作為導(dǎo)游，但這似乎無助于緩解他們的擔(dān)憂。A.enrich豐富；B.keep保留；C.simplify簡化；D.change改變。根據(jù)下文的“theirlocaltraditions”可知，此處指作者會遵從當(dāng)?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng)。故選B項。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我強(qiáng)調(diào)，我會遵循他們當(dāng)?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng)，并聘請一些村民作為導(dǎo)游，但這似乎無助于緩解他們的擔(dān)憂。A.stress壓力；B.anger憤怒；C.services服務(wù)；D.concerns擔(dān)憂。根據(jù)下文的“ThemalevillagerstoldmethatIwouldencounterquickmudthatwould______mewhole,emphasizingthatthiswouldcertainlybemyfategivenmysmallsize.”可知，村民們擔(dān)心作者的安全。故選D項?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：男性村民告訴我，我會遇到快速的泥漿，會把我整個吞下，并強(qiáng)調(diào)這肯定是我的命運，因為我的體型很小。A.lift提起；B.swallow吞沒；C.attack襲擊；D.stretch伸展。根據(jù)“quickmud”和常識可知，泥漿纏住人后，可能會迅速將人吞沒。故選B項?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：男性村民告訴我，我會遇到快速的泥漿，會把我整個吞下，并強(qiáng)調(diào)這肯定是我的命運，因為我的體型很小。A.size體型；B.strength力量；C.ambition野心；D.effort努力。作者是個女性，體型應(yīng)該偏小，因此泥漿應(yīng)該會更輕易地吞沒作者。故選A項?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：另一方面，村里的婦女對我微笑，一些婦女舉起了手臂。A.raised舉起；B.hid隱藏；C.touched觸摸；D.crossed交叉。根據(jù)下文“Afterwitnessingthesupport”可知，女性村民支持作者，所以她們舉起手臂。故選A項?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在目睹了她們的支持和積極的聲音后，這些男性村民同意了這一安排，這似乎讓他們對我的攀登感到放心。A.unusual不尋常的；B.active積極的；C.steady穩(wěn)步的；D.urgent緊急的。根據(jù)上文“Afterwitnessingthesupport”可知，女性村民支持作者的想法，由此推知，她們的態(tài)度很積極。故選B項。【30題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.atease自由自在，放松；B.onpurpose故意地；C.bychance偶然地；D.inpublic公開地。根據(jù)上文可知，聽取了女性村民的意見后，男性村民同意了一個協(xié)定，這協(xié)定似乎讓他們對作者登山一事放心了，putsbatease意為“使某人放松”。故選A項?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我走向山的時候，不僅我的新支援隊也加入了我的行列，還有每一位鄉(xiāng)村婦女。A.offered主動提供；B.afforded支付得起；C.assessed評估；D.joined加入。根據(jù)前文的“hiresomevillagersasguides”可知，作者會雇用當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?，故推測作者會有一個援助團(tuán)隊加入。故選D項?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我走向山的時候，不僅我的新支援隊也加入了我的行列，還有每一位鄉(xiāng)村婦女。A.team團(tuán)隊；B.base基礎(chǔ)；C.situation情形；D.atmosphere氛圍。根據(jù)前文的“hiresomevillagersasguides”可知，作者會雇用當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?，故推測作者會有一個援助團(tuán)隊加入。故選A項?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但有女村民自豪地陪伴著我，我感到了一種壓倒性的集體成就感。A.particularly特殊地；B.proudly驕傲地；C.seriously嚴(yán)肅地；D.secretly秘密地。根據(jù)前文的“Thevillagewomen,ontheotherhand,smiledatme,andafewwomen theirarms.”和“butalsobyeveryvillagewoman.”可知，當(dāng)作者走向山的時候，婦女們驕傲地和作者走在一起。故選B項。【34題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.judgment判斷；C.accomplishment成就；D.responsibility責(zé)任。根據(jù)前文的“Butwiththewomenvillagersaccompanyingme,”可知，作者有了村民們陪在身邊，組成了一個團(tuán)隊，因此作者感到了集體成就感。故選C項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最大的風(fēng)險是不敢冒險，我們應(yīng)該永遠(yuǎn)追隨我們的夢想。A.consult咨詢；B.accompany陪伴；C.interpret口譯；D.follow追隨。根據(jù)全文可知，人生中最大的危險是不敢冒險，我們應(yīng)該勇于追逐自己的夢想。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WithitstypicalwoodenbuildingstyleoftheTujiapeoplewell-spacedandwell-preserved,ShiyanpingVillageisattractive.TheseancientbuildingsdatebacktotheMingandQing___36___(dynasty).Inthevillage,traditionalTujiaculturecontinuestodevelopwellwithitsdistinctstiltedhomesandothercharacteristics___37___haveexistedhereforcenturies.However,urbanizationhasposedathreat___38___boththeoriginalTujiacultureandthepreservationoftraditionalhomes.___39___(previous),themajorityofthevillagerswentouttowork,___40___(leave)thewoodenhousesunoccupied.Theyallwantedtoreturnandhavetheirbrickhouses___41___(rebuild)oncetheyhadsavedenoughmoney,althoughtheywerepersuadedtopreservethefoundationsofTujiaculture.Inthepast,theywereunawareoftheculturalvalueoftheTujiahouses,andsought___42___(turn)theirancestralsheltersintomoreattractivelargehousesratherthankeepingthetraditionalstyle.In2013,___43___ancientarchitecturecomplexinShiyanpingwasrecognizedasoneofthenation’smajorhistoricalandculturalsites.Theidea___44___peopleshouldprotectnationalculturalrelicshasevenbeenwrittenintothefirstarticleofthevillagerules.Inrecentyears,thevillage’suniquebuildingcomplex,aswellasotherTujiaculturalactivities,____45____(attract)asteadystreamoftourists.Meanwhile,manyyoungpeoplehavecomebacktotheirhometowntostarttheirownbusinessduetotherisingtourism.ShiyanpingVillageisbeinggivenanewlife.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了石巖坪村以其典型的土家族木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑風(fēng)格，布局合理，保存完好，十分吸引人。〖答案〗36.dynasties37.that##which38.to39.Previously40.leaving41.rebuilt42.toturn43.the44.that45.hasattracted【36題詳析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：這些古建筑可以追溯到明清時期。指明清兩個朝代，用復(fù)數(shù)形式作賓語。故填dynasties?！?7題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：在村子里，傳統(tǒng)的土家族文化以其獨特的吊腳樓和其他幾個世紀(jì)以來一直存在的特征繼續(xù)發(fā)展。分析句子可知，先行詞為homesandothercharacteristics，作定語從句的主語，關(guān)系代詞為that或者which。故填that/which?！?8題詳析】考查介詞。句意：然而，城市化對原始土家族文化和傳統(tǒng)民居的保護(hù)都構(gòu)成了威脅。poseathreatto“對……構(gòu)成威脅”。故填to。【39題詳析】考查副詞。句意：以前，大多數(shù)村民外出工作，留下木屋無人居住。副詞作狀語，修飾整個句子，置于句首，首字母大寫。故填Previously?！?0題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：以前，大多數(shù)村民外出工作，留下木屋無人居住。分析句子可知，表示自然而然的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填leaving?！?1題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：盡管有人勸他們保留土家族文化的根基，但他們都想攢夠錢后回去重建自己的磚房。分析句子可知，brickhouses與rebuild為被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填rebuilt?！?2題詳析】考查動詞不定式。句意：在過去，他們沒有意識到土家房屋的文化價值，并試圖將他們的祖屋變成更有吸引力的大房子，而不是保持傳統(tǒng)的風(fēng)格。seektodosth“試圖做某事”。故填toturn?！?3題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：2013年，十堰坪古建筑群被認(rèn)定為國家重要歷史文化遺址之一。特指十堰坪古建筑群，用定冠詞the，置于句首，首字母大寫。故填the?！?4題詳析】考查連接詞。句意：人們應(yīng)該保護(hù)國家文物的想法甚至被寫進(jìn)了村規(guī)的第一條?？仗帪橥徽Z從句，句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，連接詞為that。故填that?！?5題詳析】考查時態(tài)。句意：近年來，該村獨特的建筑群以及其他土家族文化活動吸引了源源不斷的游客。根據(jù)“Inrecentyears”可知，本句為現(xiàn)在完成時，aswellas連接并列主語，用“就前原則”，主語

thevillage’suniquebuildingcomplex為單數(shù)，助動詞用has。故填hasattracted。第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是校英語報記者，高三全體學(xué)生于上周四參加