浙江省金華市金華十校高三上學(xué)期一模英語(yǔ)試題

金華十校2023年11月高三模擬考試英語(yǔ)試題卷第I卷(選擇題共95分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandothisafternoon?A.Goskating.B.Cleanthedormitory.C.Takehermathexam.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hewilltakesomenotestonight.B.Hecan’tstudyfortheexamtonight.C.HewillgethisnotesbackfromSam.3.Whatisthemostimportantreasonforthemantoshoponline?A.Itistimesaving.B.Itisconvenient.C.Itischeaper.4.Whatmaybethefinalpriceofthecheapestcellphone?A.$299.B.$150.C.$135.5.Wheredoesthisconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Atacafe.C.Atamovietheater.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howdoesthemanusuallygotowork?A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Bygettingaride.7.Whydoesthewomanneedtoleaveearliertoday?A.Topickuptheman.B.Todropbyarepairshop.C.Toprepareforameeting.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatsubjectmightthemanendupteaching?A.English.B.History.C.Science.9.Whenwillthemanbeginteaching?A.Inaboutoneyear.B.InabouttwoyearsC.Inaboutthreeyears.10.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthetesthemusttake?A.Concerned.B.Confident.C.Confused.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Toplaceanorder.B.Tofileaplaint.C.Togetsomeaftersalesservice12.Whatistheproblemwiththebike?A.Itisbeyondrepair.B.TheSTARTbuttoncannotbepushed.C.Thereissomethingwrongwiththescreen.13.Whenwillthetechnicianhelpthewoman?A.10:00a.m.onNovember23rd.B.2:00p.m.onNovember23rd.C.10:00p.m.onDecember8th.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherpresentjob?A.Interesting.B.BoringC.Stressful.15.Whatqualificationsdoapplicantsneedtogetthenewjob?A.Amaster’sdegree.B.Aninquiringmind.C.Fiveyearsofexperience16.Whatdoesthenewjoboffer?A.Socialsecurity.B.Afixedsalary.C.Furthereducationcourses.17.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Applyforthenewjob.B.Askthemanformoreadvice.C.Seekmoreinformationofthejob聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whomightthemanbe?A.Abusdriver.B.Ashipcaptain.C.Anairplanepilot.19.Wherewillthepassengersgonext?A.ToMiami.B.ToMexicoCity.C.ToHavanaCity.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthepassengersdo?A.Stayinside.B.Runtotherooms.C.Lookforstaffatonce.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheromanticRhine,whichflowsmorethan700milesfromSwitzerlandtotheNorthSea,isoneofthemostpopularcruising(巡游)riversinEurope,withmanyoptionsavailable.TakealookatthingstodoinRhineRiver!AmsterdamManyRhineRiverCruisesbeginorendinAmsterdam.Thiscityispopularamongmultipleagegroupsandtypesoftravelersforitsrelaxingatmosphere.Grababicycleandenjoyanafternoonofcafes,art,andhistoricalsites.TheAnneFrankHouseisapopularattractioninAmsterdam.Besuretocheckifyourrivercruisecanhelpwithadvanceticketsasthelinesareconsistentlylong,though.NeuschwansteinCastleThisfairytalecastleisintheheartofBavaria,Germany.SituatedintheBlackForest,andconjuringup(喚起)visionsofprincesandprincesses,itisanextremelypopulartouristattraction.ItwasinfactoneoftheinspirationsforWaltDisney’sSleepingBeautyCastle.IfyourRhineRivercruiseincludesastopinMunich,there’sagoodchancethatvisitstoNeuschwansteinwillbeavailable.StrasbourgIfyou’relookingforaclassicEuropeancountrytown,thisisthestopforyouStrasbourghasatypicalFrenchfeel,withcobblestonedstreets,smallshops,andofcourseacathedral.BesuretovisitpicturesquePetiteFrance,thehistoricquarteroftown,andRohanPalacetowalkinthefootstepsofMarieAntoinette,thelastqueenofFrancebeforetheFrenchRevolution.StrasbourgisalsoadelightfulplaceforvisitforChristmasmarkets.BaselSharingthreeinternationalborders:Switzerland,Germany,andFrance,Baselpresentsafascinatingbinationofcultures,cuisines,andlanguages.YoucanenjoyseveralwonderfulhistoricsightsinBasel,withinashortdistancefromeachother,anddon’tmissawalkthroughtheBotanicalGardens1.WhatdoAmsterdamandStrasbourghaveinmon?A.Theyhavehistoricalsites.B.TheyhavearelaxingFrenchstyle.C.Theyarehometobigshoppingmalls.D.Theyarefamousforthepicturesquescenery.2.WhatmightbethereasonforNeuschwansteinCastle’spopularity?A.Itsmysteriousstory. B.ItsfavourablelocationC.Itsfairytaleromance. D.Itsinspirationforfilms.3.Whichstopwouldyouremendmosttothosewhowanttoexperiencediversecultures?A.Amsterdam B.NeuschwansteinCastle.C.Strasbourg D.Basel.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在萊茵河畔的四個(gè)典型城市?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第二段“ManyRhineRiverCruisesbeginorendinAmsterdam.Thiscityispopularamongmultipleagegroupsandtypesoftravelersforitsrelaxingatmosphere.Grababicycleandenjoyanafternoonofcafes,art,andhistoricalsites.TheAnneFrankHouseisapopularattractioninAmsterdam.Besuretocheckifyourrivercruisecanhelpwithadvanceticketsasthelinesareconsistentlylong,though.(許多萊茵河游船在阿姆斯特丹開始或結(jié)束。這座城市因其輕松的氛圍而受到不同年齡層和類型的游客的歡迎。抓一輛自行車，享受一個(gè)下午的咖啡館，藝術(shù)，和歷史遺跡。安妮·弗蘭克之家是阿姆斯特丹一個(gè)受歡迎的景點(diǎn)。不過，一定要檢查一下你的游船能否幫你提前訂票，因?yàn)殛?duì)伍總是很長(zhǎng)。)”和文章第四段“Ifyou’relookingforaclassicEuropeancountrytown,thisisthestopforyouStrasbourghasatypicalFrenchfeel,withcobblestonedstreets,smallshops,andofcourseacathedral.BesuretovisitpicturesquePetiteFrance,thehistoricquarteroftown,andRohanPalacetowalkinthefootstepsofMarieAntoinette,thelastqueenofFrancebeforetheFrenchRevolution.StrasbourgisalsoadelightfulplaceforvisitforChristmasmarkets.(如果你正在尋找一個(gè)經(jīng)典的歐洲鄉(xiāng)村小鎮(zhèn)，那么斯特拉斯堡是你的不二之選。斯特拉斯堡有典型的法國(guó)風(fēng)情，鵝卵石鋪成的街道，小商店，當(dāng)然還有大教堂。一定要參觀風(fēng)景如畫的小法蘭西，歷史悠久的小鎮(zhèn)和羅漢宮，走在法國(guó)大革命前法國(guó)最后一位女王瑪麗·安托瓦內(nèi)特的腳步中。斯特拉斯堡也是參觀圣誕集市的好地方。)”可知，阿姆斯特丹和斯特拉斯堡都有歷史遺跡。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“ThisfairytalecastleisintheheartofBavaria,Germany.SituatedintheBlackForest,andconjuringup(喚起)visionsofprincesandprincesses,itisanextremelypopulartouristattraction.ItwasinfactoneoftheinspirationsforWaltDisney’sSleepingBeautyCastle.IfyourRhineRivercruiseincludesastopinMunich,there’sagoodchancethatvisitstoNeuschwansteinwillbeavailable.(這座童話般的城堡位于德國(guó)巴伐利亞州的中心。它坐落在黑森林里，讓人聯(lián)想到王子和公主，是一個(gè)非常受歡迎的旅游景點(diǎn)。事實(shí)上，它是華特·迪斯尼睡美人城堡的靈感來源之一。如果你的萊茵河游輪在慕尼黑有一站，那么你很有可能可以參觀新天鵝堡。)”可知，新天鵝堡受歡迎的原因可能是因?yàn)樗峭挵愕某潜?。故選C。3題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Sharingthreeinternationalborders:Switzerland,Germany,andFrance,Baselpresentsafascinatingbinationofcultures,cuisines,andlanguages.YoucanenjoyseveralwonderfulhistoricsightsinBasel,withinashortdistancefromeachother,anddon’tmissawalkthroughtheBotanicalGardens(巴塞爾共有三個(gè)國(guó)際邊界：瑞士、德國(guó)和法國(guó)，展現(xiàn)了文化、美食和語(yǔ)言迷人結(jié)合。您可以在巴塞爾欣賞幾處美妙的歷史景點(diǎn)，彼此相距不遠(yuǎn)，也不要錯(cuò)過植物園的漫步)”可知，這里有不同的文化。故選D。BIaskeverystudentIinterviewforadmissiontomyinstitution,PitzerCollege,thesamequestion,“Whatdoyoulookforwardtothemostincollege?”Iwasastonishedanddelightedrecentlywhenastudentreplied,“Ilookforwardtothepossibilityoffailure.”O(jiān)fcourse,thisisnothowmoststudentsrespondtothequestionwhensittingbeforethepersonwhocanmakedecisionsabouttheiracademicfutures,butthisyoungmantookarisk.“Yousee,myparentshaveneverletmefail,”hesaid.“WhenIwanttotakeachanceatsomething,theyremindmeit’snotasaferoutetotake.TakingamoredemandingcourseortryinganactivityImaynotsucceedin,theytellme,willruinmychancesatcollegeadmission.”IwishIcouldtellyouthisisanunmonstory,butkidsallovertheworldadmittheyareundergreatpressuretobeperfect.WhenIwastravelinginChinalastfallandaskedaChinesestudentwhatshedidforfun,shereplied:“IthoughtIwasn’tsupposedtotellyouthat?Iwouldn’twantyoutothinkIamnotseriousaboutmywork!”StudentsareusuallyinshockwhenIlaughandtellthemIneverexpectperfection.Ofcourse,thisgoesagainsteverythingthey’vebeentold.Howcouldadean(院長(zhǎng))ofadmissionatoneofAmerica’smostselectiveinstitutionsnotwantthebestandthebrightest?Therealityis,perfectiondoesn’texist,andwedon’texpecttoseeitinacollegeapplication.Infact,admissionofficerstendtoquestionstudentswhopresentthemselvesasindividualswithoutshortings.Wegetthemostexcitedwhenwereadanapplicationthatseemsreal.It’ssoraretohearstoriesofdefeat.Iftheirperspectivesareoflessonslearned,theseapplicantstendtojumptothetopathighlyselectivecolleges.Webelieveanerrorinhighschoolshouldnotdefinetherestofyourlife,buthowyourespondcouldshapeyouforever.4.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudentinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Heistaughtnottotakerisks.B.Hetriestoavoidanychanceoffailure.C.HecareslittleabouthisacademicfuturesD.Heisseldomallowedtotakepartinactivities.5.WhydoestheauthormentiontheChinesestudentinparagraph3?A.Toemphasizetheimportanceofhardwork.B.Toparestudentsfromdifferentcountries.C.Togiveanexampleofthestudentshefavors.D.Toillustratethewidespreadstressonstudents6.Whatisprobablyadmissionofficers’attitudetowardsaperfectapplication?A.Doubtful. B.Confused. C.Favorable. D.Casual.7.Whatisthekeytosuccessincollegeaccordingtotheauthor?A.AdesireforperfectionB.Theabilitytolearnfromdefeats.C.Theopportunityofmakingmistakes.D.Anexperienceofdefeatinhighschool【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了作者是大學(xué)的面試官，但是從不會(huì)期待學(xué)生做得過于完美，因?yàn)樽髡哒J(rèn)為有失敗經(jīng)歷的申請(qǐng)才是真實(shí)的，學(xué)生也應(yīng)該從失敗中獲益?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第二段中“WhenIwanttotakeachanceatsomething,theyremindmeit’snotasaferoutetotake.TakingamoredemandingcourseortryinganactivityImaynotsucceedin,theytellme,willruinmychancesatcollegeadmission.(當(dāng)我想嘗試某事時(shí)，他們會(huì)提醒我這不是一條安全的路。他們告訴我，選一門難度更高的課程或嘗試一項(xiàng)我可能不會(huì)成功的活動(dòng)，會(huì)毀掉我被大學(xué)錄取的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，這個(gè)學(xué)生被父母教導(dǎo)不要冒險(xiǎn)。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“IwishIcouldtellyouthisisanunmonstory,butkidsallovertheworldadmittheyareundergreatpressuretobeperfect.WhenIwastravelinginChinalastfallandaskedaChinesestudentwhatshedidforfun,shereplied:“IthoughtIwasn’tsupposedtotellyouthat?Iwouldn’twantyoutothinkIamnotseriousaboutmywork!”(我希望我能告訴你，這是一個(gè)不同尋常的故事，但世界各地的孩子都承認(rèn)，他們面臨著巨大的壓力，要做到完美。去年秋天，當(dāng)我在中國(guó)旅行時(shí)，問一位中國(guó)學(xué)生她做了什么好玩的事，她回答說：“我以為我不應(yīng)該告訴你？我不想讓你認(rèn)為我對(duì)工作不認(rèn)真！”)”可知，作者在第3段提到中國(guó)學(xué)生是想說明學(xué)生普遍承受的壓力。故選D。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中“Therealityis,perfectiondoesn’texist,andwedon’texpecttoseeitinacollegeapplication.Infact,admissionofficerstendtoquestionstudentswhopresentthemselvesasindividualswithoutshortings.(現(xiàn)實(shí)是，完美是不存在的，我們也不指望在大學(xué)申請(qǐng)中看到完美。事實(shí)上，招生官往往會(huì)質(zhì)疑那些表現(xiàn)得沒有缺點(diǎn)的學(xué)生。)”可知，招生官對(duì)一份完美的申請(qǐng)可能往往會(huì)質(zhì)疑。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中“Webelieveanerrorinhighschoolshouldnotdefinetherestofyourlife,buthowyourespondcouldshapeyouforever.(我們相信，高中時(shí)的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤不應(yīng)該決定你的余生，但你的應(yīng)對(duì)方式可能會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)影響你。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為，在大學(xué)里取得成功的關(guān)鍵是從失敗中學(xué)習(xí)的能力。故選B。CThesharpfin(鰭).Therowsuponrowsofsharpteeth.Thelargeblackeyes.ThesharksyouseeontelevisioninJawsorDiscovery’s”SharkWeek“arenotthefriendliestlookingcreatures.Theyaren’texactlyananimalyouwanttofindnearyouwhileswimmingintheocean.Despitetheirportrayals(刻畫)inmoviesandpopularculture,sharksareplicated,misunderstoodcreaturesthatareweakerthantheyappear.Oneverymonmisunderstandingaboutsharksistheirdesiretohunthumans.Actuallywhensharksattackhumans,itisbecausetheymistakeahumanfortheirnormalprey(獵物),sealsordolphins.Theydon’tseekouthumansonpurpose.Statistically,youaremorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanbebittenbyashark.Sharksareveryimportanttotheoceanastheyareatthetopofthefoodchain.Somesharksevencontrolthebalanceofanecosystemthroughfearalone.TigersharksinAustraliahelpprotectseagrassmeadowsfromturtles.Turtleseattheseagrassandwithoutthesharks,willdestroythesemeadows.Whentigersharksarepresentthough,theturtlesarescaredaway,holdingbacktheirappetiteforseagrassandprotectingitsgrowth.Thoughsharkshaveareputationforbeingveryscarytohumans,thesadtruthisthattheyshouldbescaredofhumans.Thenumberofsharksintheoceanissteadilydropping.Thereareafewreasonsforthis.Forone,theymaturequiteslowly,overseveralyears,andproducerelativelyfewyoung.Foranother,overfishingofsharksishappeningbecausemoreandmorepeoplewanttheirfins.About100millionsharksarekilledeveryyearaccordingtoNationalGeographic.Sharkfinisawayforpeopletoshowofftheirwealth.Sharkfinsarealsobelievedtohavemedicinalbenefits,thoughthereisnoevidenceorproofthattheyactuallydo.8.Whatdomostpeoplethinkaboutsharks?A.Theyareugly.B.TheyareimportantC.Theyareviolent.D.Theyareplicated.9.Theauthorparessharkbitestolightningstrikestoshowtheyare_________.A.Deadly B.rare C.unavoidable D.unpredictable10.Whyshouldsharksbescaredofhumansaccordingtotheauthor?A.Humanskeepsharkstoshowoff.B.Humanskillsharksinlargequantities.C.Humanscatchsharksformedicalresearch.D.Humansaregreaterinnumberthansharks11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SOS:SaveOurSharks!B.Sharks:KingoftheOceanC.SharkFins:AnEcologicalCrisisD.Sharks:KillersorMisunderstood?【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了人們對(duì)鯊魚的誤解，鯊魚在海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的重要性，以及鯊魚面臨的威脅和生存狀態(tài)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Oneverymonmisunderstandingaboutsharksistheirdesiretohunthumans.Actuallywhensharksattackhumans,itisbecausetheymistakeahumanfortheirnormalprey(獵物),sealsordolphins.Theydon’tseekouthumansonpurpose.(關(guān)于鯊魚的一個(gè)很常見的誤解是它們想獵殺人類。事實(shí)上，當(dāng)鯊魚攻擊人類時(shí)，那是因?yàn)樗鼈儼讶祟愓`認(rèn)為是它們的正常獵物，海豹或海豚。它們不會(huì)故意尋找人類。)”可知，大多數(shù)人對(duì)鯊魚的誤解是鯊魚想要獵殺人類，也就是鯊魚是暴力的。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theydon’tseekouthumansonpurpose.Statistically,youaremorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanbebittenbyashark.(它們不會(huì)故意尋找人類。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，你被閃電擊中的可能性比被鯊魚咬傷的可能性更大。)”可知，作者將被鯊魚咬傷的可能性和被閃電擊中的可能性相比較是為了說明被鯊魚咬傷的可能性極小。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thoughsharkshaveareputationforbeingveryscarytohumans,thesadtruthisthattheyshouldbescaredofhumans.Thenumberofsharksintheoceanissteadilydropping.Thereareafewreasonsforthis.Forone,theymaturequiteslowly,overseveralyears,andproducerelativelyfewyoung.Foranother,overfishingofsharksishappeningbecausemoreandmorepeoplewanttheirfins.(雖然鯊魚對(duì)人類來說是非?？膳碌?，但可悲的事實(shí)是它們應(yīng)該害怕人類。海洋中鯊魚的數(shù)量正在穩(wěn)步下降。這有幾個(gè)原因。首先，它們成熟得很慢，需要幾年的時(shí)間，而且產(chǎn)生的幼崽相對(duì)較少。另一方面，鯊魚的過度捕撈正在發(fā)生，因?yàn)樵絹碓蕉嗟娜讼胍鼈兊啮挕?”可知，鯊魚應(yīng)該懼怕人類是因?yàn)槿祟愡^度捕撈鯊魚。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thesharpfin(鰭).Therowsuponrowsofsharpteeth.Thelargeblackeyes.ThesharksyouseeontelevisioninJawsorDiscovery’s”SharkWeek“arenotthefriendliestlookingcreatures.Theyaren’texactlyananimalyouwanttofindnearyouwhileswimmingintheocean.Despitetheirportrayals(刻畫)inmoviesandpopularculture,sharksareplicated,misunderstoodcreaturesthatareweakerthantheyappear.(尖銳的鰭。一排排鋒利的牙齒。又大又黑的眼睛。你在電視節(jié)目《大白鯊》或探索頻道的“鯊魚周”中看到的鯊魚并不是看起來最友好的生物。當(dāng)你在海里游泳時(shí)，你不會(huì)想在你附近找到它們。盡管鯊魚在電影和流行文化中被描繪成這樣，但它們是一種復(fù)雜的、被誤解的生物，比它們看起來的要弱。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講解了人們對(duì)鯊魚的誤解以及鯊魚的真實(shí)情況等。所以短文的最佳的標(biāo)題為“鯊魚:殺手還是被誤解了？”故選D。DIfyou’vegotmorethanonekid,you’reshowingfavoritism,whetheryouknowitornot.“Parentsmayfavoronechildoveranother,foralotofreasons.Thechildmayhaveaneasytemperament(性情)ormightbehaveparticularlywellormaylooklikeyou,”saysSusanNewman,apsychologist.“Butregardlessofthereason,everychildmustbemadetofeellovedandspecial,inordertofullydevelop.”Newmanwarnsthatfavoringonechildovertheirsiblings(兄弟姐妹)publiclycanhaveasignificantlynegativeeffect.“Theunfavoredchildcanfeeldefeated,andunmotivated,asaresultofworkinghardtogetparentalsupport,withnosuccess,”saysYelenaGidenko,alicensedcounselor.“Heorshemayalsosufferfromdepressionandbeeangry,bitter,orjealous,”sheaddsChildrenfeelingthiswaymayactout,inanefforttogettheirparent’sattention,makingmattersworse.Theymayalsobehaveinappropriately,beingtheblacksheep,whichtheybelievetheirparentsalreadysee.“Unfavoredchildrenmayhaveahardtimeacceptingwhotheyare,sincetheydonotfeelacceptedbytheirparents,”addsGidenko.Favoritismisnotexactlyaboonforthefavoredchild,either.Kidswhofeelthattheyaretheirparent’sfavoritesometimestranslatethatintoagopassfortheirbehaviorinfuturerelationships.“Favoredchildrenmayfeelasenseofentitlement,andthatrulesdonotapplytothem,”saysGidenko.Thiscannegativelyaffectthewaytheyactinschool,atwork,andintheirfriendships.Itmayseemabsurd,buttheoppositecanalsooccur.Favoredchildrenmayexperienceanxietyandinsecurity,resultingfromtheirfavoritechildstatus.“Childrenareobservant.Theyknowwhentheyaregettingpraiseforthingstheyhavenotearned,suchasbeingyourfavorite.Forthisreason,theyknow,andfear,thatthesethingsmightbetakenawayfromthematanytime,foranyreason,”saysGidenkoNewmanurgesparentstorememberthatit’snotpossibletotreatchildrenequallybecausetheyarealldifferent.Whatparentscan,andshoulddoistalktotheirkidsabouthow,andwhy,theytreatthemthewaytheydo.“Accordingtoresearch,parentsdon’ttalkaboutthis.Theydon’tsaywhyonechildgetsmoretimethananother.Iftheydo,theyarepreservingtheirbondwitheachchild,”saysNewman12.Whatcanwelearnaboutunfavoredchildren?A.TheywanttopleasetheirparentsB.Theycarelittleabouttheirsiblings.C.TheytendtolackasenseofidentityD.Theyhopetobetheblacksheepofthefamily.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boon”inparagraph4mean?A.Blessing. B.Challenge. C.Honor. D.Burden.14.WhatdoesNewmansuggestparentsdointhelastparagraph?A.TreattheirchildrenequallyB.ExplainthemselvestotheirchildrenC.StrengthentheirbondwiththeirchildrenD.Removethedifferencesbetweentheirchildren15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThesolutionstoparentalfavoritismB.TheconsequencesofparentalfavoritismC.AnanalysisofwhyparentsplayfavoritesD.Acontrastbetweenfavoredandunfavoredchildren【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文，指出在有多個(gè)孩子的家庭中，父母很可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)對(duì)某個(gè)孩子的偏愛，無論他們自己是否意識(shí)到。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段““Theunfavoredchildcanfeeldefeated,andunmotivated,asaresultofworkinghardtogetparentalsupport,withnosuccess,”saysYelenaGidenko,alicensedcounselor.“Heorshemayalsosufferfromdepressionandbeeangry,bitter,orjealous,”sheaddsChildrenfeelingthiswaymayactout,inanefforttogettheirparent’sattention,makingmattersworse.Theymayalsobehaveinappropriately,beingtheblacksheep,whichtheybelievetheirparentsalreadysee.“Unfavoredchildrenmayhaveahardtimeacceptingwhotheyare,sincetheydonotfeelacceptedbytheirparents,”addsGidenko.(持證心理咨詢師葉蓮娜·吉登科(YelenaGidenko)說：“不受寵愛的孩子會(huì)感到挫敗，沒有動(dòng)力，因?yàn)樗麄兣Λ@得父母的支持，卻沒有成功?！彼a(bǔ)充說：“他或她也可能患有抑郁癥，變得憤怒、痛苦或嫉妒。”有這種感覺的孩子可能會(huì)采取行動(dòng)，試圖引起父母的注意，使事情變得更糟。他們也可能表現(xiàn)得不得體，成為害群之馬，他們認(rèn)為父母已經(jīng)看到了這一點(diǎn)?！安皇軐檺鄣暮⒆涌赡芎茈y接受自己，因?yàn)樗麄冇X得自己不被父母接受，”金登科補(bǔ)充道。)”可推知，不受寵愛的孩子他們往往缺乏認(rèn)同感，所以試圖引起父母的注意。故選C項(xiàng)。13題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“Kidswhofeelthattheyaretheirparent’sfavoritesometimestranslatethatintoagopassfortheirbehaviorinfuturerelationships.“Favoredchildrenmayfeelasenseofentitlement,andthatrulesdonotapplytothem,”saysGidenko.Thiscannegativelyaffectthewaytheyactinschool,atwork,andintheirfriendships.(那些覺得自己是父母最愛的孩子有時(shí)會(huì)把這種感覺轉(zhuǎn)化為他們?cè)谖磥黻P(guān)系中的行為?！笆軐櫟暮⒆涌赡軙?huì)有一種權(quán)利感，覺得規(guī)則不適用于他們，”金登科說。這會(huì)對(duì)他們?cè)趯W(xué)校、工作和友誼中的表現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響)”可知，本段主要講述了偏袒對(duì)被偏愛的孩子來說，也不完全是好處，所以推知boon意為“益處”和A項(xiàng)意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Newmanurgesparentstorememberthatit’snotpossibletotreatchildrenequallybecausetheyarealldifferent.Whatparentscan,andshoulddoistalktotheirkidsabouthow,andwhy,theytreatthemthewaytheydo.“Accordingtoresearch,parentsdon’ttalkaboutthis.Theydon’tsaywhyonechildgetsmoretimethananother.Iftheydo,theyarepreservingtheirbondwitheachchild,”saysNewman(紐曼敦促父母記住，不可能平等對(duì)待孩子，因?yàn)樗麄兌际遣煌?。父母能做的，也?yīng)該做的，是告訴他們的孩子，他們是如何對(duì)待他們的，以及為什么要這樣對(duì)待他們?！案鶕?jù)研究，父母不會(huì)談?wù)撨@個(gè)問題。他們沒有說為什么一個(gè)孩子比另一個(gè)孩子得到更多的時(shí)間。如果他們這樣做，他們就保留了與每個(gè)孩子的聯(lián)系，”紐曼說)”可知，紐曼在本段建議父母加強(qiáng)他們與孩子的聯(lián)系。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段““Parentsmayfavoronechildoveranother,foralotofreasons.Thechildmayhaveaneasytemperament(性情)ormightbehaveparticularlywellormaylooklikeyou,”saysSusanNewman,apsychologist.“Butregardlessofthereason,everychildmustbemadetofeellovedandspecial,inordertofullydevelop.”Newmanwarnsthatfavoringonechildovertheirsiblings(兄弟姐妹)publiclycanhaveasignificantlynegativeeffect.(“出于很多原因，父母可能會(huì)偏愛一個(gè)孩子。這個(gè)孩子可能性情隨和，或者表現(xiàn)得特別好，或者長(zhǎng)得像你，”心理學(xué)家蘇珊·紐曼(SusanNewman)說?！暗还苁鞘裁丛颍瑸榱巳姘l(fā)展，每個(gè)孩子都必須感受到愛和特別?！奔~曼警告說，公開地偏愛一個(gè)孩子而不是他們的兄弟姐妹會(huì)產(chǎn)生明顯的負(fù)面影響)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了父母偏愛的后果。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Howtomunicateplexinformation?Didyoueverhavetoreadapresentationwhereyoufeltlikeyou’relostinconfusingterms,dataandconcepts?Areyougivingothersthissameexperience?___16___Buttherearewaysyoucansimplifyyourpresentationandreengageyouraudience.Here’showyoucangetplexinformationacross.Useinteractivecontent.Itgetsthereadersmoreinvolvedinyourpresentationbylettingthemplayanactivepart.___17___Beyondthat,questionnairesandchatbotsprovidepersonalizedandspecificanswerstoreadersaspartofyourpresentation.Makingyourpresentationinteractiveusedtobehard,butnowyoucanjustuseStorydoc.Gomakeyourfirstinteractivepresentation.It’seasyaspie.___18___Noonewillreadapresentationwithathousandwords.Doeveryoneafavoranduseimages.Imagescanbesupereffectiveatmunicatingplexinformationandsaveyoualotofneedlesstext.Infact,visualrepresentationofdataandconceptscanoftenconveywhatwordscannot.Usediagramsandimagestoillustrateyourpointsandsimplifytheplex.Narrateyourcontent.___19___Whetherit’sthroughtexttospeechAlorvideobubbles,centeringyourpresentationaroundastorycanhelpguideyouraudiencethroughtheplexity,makingitmoredigestible,engaging,andmemorable.Useexamplesandfables.Theycanhelpexplainclearlytheplexityofideasfortheyarewhatwe’vealreadyknownandunderstood.___20___Moreimportantly,therealsecretliesinselectingexamplesthatarenotjustfamiliarbutalsodeeplyrelevantthosearetheonesthatwilltrulyringwithyourlistenersA.Show,don’ttellB.Makeeverywordcount.C.ThismakestheplexconceptslessnewandmorefamiliarD.Ifyoudon’tsoundexcited,thelistenerswon’tfeelexcitedeitherE.Storytellingisanotherpowerfultoolformunicatingplexconcepts.F.municatingplexinformationisamonchallengeinpresentationsG.Forexample,allowthemtochoosethecontentroutetheywishtotakeandcontrolthepace.【答案】16.F17.G18.A19.E20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何傳遞復(fù)雜的信息提出了一系列的建議。【16題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Didyoueverhavetoreadapresentationwhereyoufeltlikeyou’relostinconfusingterms,dataandconcepts?Areyougivingothersthissameexperience?(你是否曾經(jīng)讀過一篇演講，感覺自己迷失在混亂的術(shù)語(yǔ)、數(shù)據(jù)和概念中？你會(huì)給別人同樣的經(jīng)歷嗎？)”可知空前就交流中可能出現(xiàn)的術(shù)語(yǔ)、數(shù)據(jù)和概念的混亂提出了兩個(gè)問題，根據(jù)空后“Buttherearewaysyoucansimplifyyourpresentationandreengageyouraudience.Here’showyoucangetplexinformationacross.(但是有一些方法可以簡(jiǎn)化你的演講并重新吸引你的聽眾。下面是如何傳遞復(fù)雜信息的方法。)”可知此處指出有一些可以傳遞復(fù)雜信息的方法，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該提出傳遞復(fù)雜信息這個(gè)話題，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)municatingplexinformationisamonchallengeinpresentations.(在演講中，傳達(dá)復(fù)雜的信息是一個(gè)常見的挑戰(zhàn)。)提出傳遞復(fù)雜信息這個(gè)話題，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Useinteractivecontent.Itgetsthereadersmoreinvolvedinyourpresentationbylettingthemplayanactivepart.(使用交互式內(nèi)容。這會(huì)讓讀者更積極地參與到你的演講中來。)”可知本段的建議是使用交互式內(nèi)容，根據(jù)空后“Beyondthat,questionnairesandchatbotsprovidepersonalizedandspecificanswerstoreadersaspartofyourpresentation.(除此之外，問卷調(diào)查和聊天機(jī)器人為讀者提供個(gè)性化和具體的答案，作為你演講的一部分。)”可知此處仍然講的是交互式內(nèi)容的好處，空處呈上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該就空前所提到的交互式內(nèi)容舉出例子，G項(xiàng)Forexample,allowthemtochoosethecontentroutetheywishtotakeandcontrolthepace.(例如，允許他們選擇他們想要的內(nèi)容路線并控制節(jié)奏。)舉例說明如何使用交互式內(nèi)容，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】空處位于句首，應(yīng)是本段的主旨句。根據(jù)空后“Noonewillreadapresentationwithathousandwords.Doeveryoneafavoranduseimages.(沒有人會(huì)讀一篇一千字的報(bào)告。幫大家一個(gè)忙，使用圖片。)”可知此處講的是要善于運(yùn)用圖片而不是篇幅較長(zhǎng)的文字來展示自己所講的內(nèi)容，所以空處的建議應(yīng)該是運(yùn)用展示而不是講的方式來傳遞復(fù)雜信息，A項(xiàng)Show,don’ttell(展示，不要告訴)指出要用展示的方式，概括了本段的主旨大意，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Narrateyourcontent.(敘述你的內(nèi)容。)”可知本段的建議是運(yùn)用講故事的方式來傳遞復(fù)雜信息，根據(jù)空后“Whetherit’sthroughtexttospeechAlorvideobubbles,centeringyourpresentationaroundastorycanhelpguideyouraudiencethroughtheplexity,makingitmoredigestible,engaging,andmemorable.(無論是通過文本到語(yǔ)音還是視頻氣泡，以故事為中心的演講都可以幫助引導(dǎo)觀眾理解復(fù)雜的內(nèi)容，使其更容易理解、更吸引人、更難忘。)”可知此處講的仍然是通過講故事的形式來傳遞信息的好處，所以空后應(yīng)該對(duì)這一建議所能采用的方法進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的解釋，E項(xiàng)Storytellingisanotherpowerfultoolformunicatingplexconcepts.(講故事是傳達(dá)復(fù)雜概念的另一個(gè)強(qiáng)大工具。)指出了講故事是敘述的傳達(dá)復(fù)雜概念的一種強(qiáng)大工具，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Useexamplesandfables.Theycanhelpexplainclearlytheplexityofideasfortheyarewhatwe’vealreadyknownandunderstood.(使用例子和表格。它們可以幫助我們清楚地解釋思想的復(fù)雜性，因?yàn)樗鼈兪俏覀円呀?jīng)知道和理解的。)”可知本段的建議是使用例子和表格來傳遞復(fù)雜信息，根據(jù)空后“Moreimportantly,therealsecretliesinselectingexamplesthatarenotjustfamiliarbutalsodeeplyrelevantthosearetheonesthatwilltrulyringwithyourlisteners.(更重要的是，真正的秘訣在于選擇那些不僅熟悉而且非常相關(guān)的例子——那些能真正引起聽眾共鳴的例子。)”可知此處依舊講的使用例子的好處，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是運(yùn)用例子和表格來傳遞復(fù)雜信息的好處，C項(xiàng)Thismakestheplexconceptslessnewandmorefamiliar.(這使得復(fù)雜的概念不再那么新鮮，而是更加熟悉。)指出使用例子和表格來傳遞復(fù)雜信息的好處，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15個(gè)小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenEugenieGeorgefirstheardthatherfriendpassedafinancialexam,herheartsank.She’d___21___thesametestweeksearlier.“Envywaseatingmeup,”recallsGeorge.Butanywayshe___22___herfriend.“AndItoldherIfailedandadmittedIwas___23___,”shesays.Georgeknewthatbeing___24___wouldeaseherenvy,butshewassurprisedthatitalsoenabledherto___25___herfriend’shappinessandexperienceherowninturn.Finding___26___inanotherperson’sgoodfortuneiswhatsocialscientistscallfreudenfreude,thegreatjoywefeelwhensomeoneelsesucceeds,___27___itdoesn’tdirectlyinvolveus.Freudenfreudeislikeakindofsocial___28___,saysCatherineChambli