《工程造價管理 第2版》 課件 第八章 建設(shè)項目竣工驗收及后評估階段的工程造價管理

Chapter8Projectcostmanagementinthestageofcompletionacceptanceandpost-evaluationofconstructionprojects

第八章建設(shè)項目竣工驗收及后評價階段的工程造價管理

8.1Overview

概述8.2Completionsettlementandfinalaccountsofconstructionprojects建設(shè)項目竣工結(jié)算與竣工決算8.3Handlingofqualitymargin質(zhì)量保證金的處理8.4Post-evaluationofconstructionprojects建設(shè)項目后評估8.1Overview概述

8.1.1Constructionprojectcompletionacceptanceconcept建設(shè)項目竣工驗收的概念

Constructionprojectcompletionacceptanceistopointtobytheconstructionunit,constructionunitandprojectacceptancecommittee,toprojectdesignspecificationanddesigndocumentsofapproval,andthedepartmentofthestateoronthebasisoftheconstructionacceptancespecificationsandqualityinspectionstandards,accordingtocertainproceduresandformalities,aftertheprojectcompletedandtrialproductionofqualified)(industrialproductionproject,theproject'soverallinspection,certification,acomprehensiveevaluationandidentificationofactivities.建設(shè)項目竣工驗收是指由建設(shè)單位、施工單位和項目驗收委員會，以項目批準(zhǔn)的設(shè)計任務(wù)書和設(shè)計文件，以及國家或部門頒發(fā)的施工驗收規(guī)范和質(zhì)量檢驗標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為依據(jù)，按照一定的程序和手續(xù)，在項目建成并試生產(chǎn)合格后（工業(yè)生產(chǎn)性項目），對工程項目的總體進(jìn)行檢驗、認(rèn)證、綜合評價和鑒定的活動。

Thecompletionandacceptanceofconstructionprojectscanbedividedintosingleprojectacceptance,unitprojectacceptance(alsoknownasdeliveryacceptance),andoverallprojectacceptance(alsoknownasoperationacceptance)accordingtothedifferentobjectsaccepted.建設(shè)項目竣工驗收按被驗收的對象不同可分為：單項工程驗收、單位工程驗收（也稱交工驗收）、工程整體驗收（也稱動用驗收）。Generallyspeaking,thecompletionandacceptanceofconstructionprojectsreferstothe"operationandacceptance".通常所說的建設(shè)項目竣工驗收，指的是“動用驗收”。8．1．2Thecontentsandconditionsofthecompletionacceptanceoftheconstructionproject建設(shè)項目竣工驗收的內(nèi)容與條件

Fordifferentconstructionprojects,thecontentofcompletionacceptanceisnotcompletelythesame.Butgenerallyincludestheprojectdataacceptanceandtheprojectcontentacceptancetwoparts.

不同的建設(shè)項目，其竣工驗收的內(nèi)容不完全相同。但一般均包括工程資料驗收和工程內(nèi)容驗收兩部分。（1）acceptanceofengineeringdata工程資料驗收Includingengineeringtechnicaldata,comprehensivedataandfinancialdataacceptancethreeaspectsofthecontent.包括工程技術(shù)資料、綜合資料和財務(wù)資料驗收三個方面的內(nèi)容。1）acceptanceofengineeringtechnicaldataincludes:工程技術(shù)資料驗收的內(nèi)容有：①Engineeringgeology,hydrology,meteorology,topography,landform,buildings,structuresandimportantequipmentinstallationlocation,surveyreportandrecords.

工程地質(zhì)、水文、氣象、地形、地貌、建筑物、構(gòu)筑物及重要設(shè)備安裝位置、勘察報告與記錄。②preliminarydesign,technicaldesignorexpandthepreliminarydesign,keytechnicaltest,overallplanninganddesign.初步設(shè)計、技術(shù)設(shè)計或擴(kuò)大初步設(shè)計、關(guān)鍵的技術(shù)試驗、總體規(guī)劃設(shè)計。③soiltestreport,foundationtreatment土質(zhì)試驗報告、基礎(chǔ)處理。④constructionengineeringconstructionrecords,unitengineeringqualityinspectionrecords,pipelinestrength,sealingtestreport,equipmentandpipelineinstallationandconstructionrecordsandqualityinspection,instrumentinstallationandconstructionrecords.建筑工程施工記錄、單位工程質(zhì)量檢驗記錄、管線強(qiáng)度、密封性試驗報告、設(shè)備及管線安裝施工記錄及質(zhì)量檢查、儀表安裝施工記錄。⑤equipmenttest,acceptanceoperation,maintenancerecords.設(shè)備試車、驗收運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)、維修記錄。⑥producttechnicalparameters,performance,drawings,processdescription,processprocedures,technicalsummary,productinspectionandpackaging,processdiagram.產(chǎn)品的技術(shù)參數(shù)、性能、圖紙、工藝說明、工藝規(guī)程、技術(shù)總結(jié)、產(chǎn)品檢驗與包裝、工藝圖。⑦drawingsandspecificationsoftheequipment.設(shè)備的圖紙、說明書。⑧foreigncontracts,negotiatingagreements,lettersofintent.涉外合同、談判協(xié)議、意向書。⑨materialsonindividualprojectsandallpipenetworkas-builtdrawings.各單項工程及全部管網(wǎng)竣工圖等資料。2）comprehensiveengineeringdataacceptanceincludes:工程綜合資料驗收的內(nèi)容有：①Projectproposalandapproval,feasibilitystudyreportandapproval,projectevaluationreport,environmentalimpactassessmentreport.項目建議書及批件，可行性研究報告及批件，項目評估報告，環(huán)境影響評估報告書。②Designspecification,landrequisitiondeclarationandapprovaldocuments.設(shè)計任務(wù)書，土地征用申報及批準(zhǔn)的文件。③Biddingdocuments,contract.招標(biāo)投標(biāo)文件，承包合同。④projectcompletionacceptancereport,acceptancereport.項目竣工驗收報告，驗收鑒定書。3）theacceptanceofprojectfinancialdataincludes:工程財務(wù)資料驗收的內(nèi)容有：①constructionfundsupplyovertheyears(dial,loan)situationandapplication.歷年建設(shè)資金供應(yīng)（撥、貸）情況和應(yīng)用情況。②approvedannualfinancialaccountsovertheyears.歷年批準(zhǔn)的年度財務(wù)決算。③annualinvestmentplanovertheyears,financialincomeandexpenditureplan.歷年年度投資計劃、財務(wù)收支計劃。④constructioncostdata.建設(shè)成本資料。⑤designbudgetestimatesandbudgetdata.設(shè)計概算、預(yù)算資料。⑥constructiondata.施工決算資料。（2）acceptanceofprojectcontents工程內(nèi)容驗收Includingtheconstructionprojectacceptance,installationprojectacceptanceoftwoparts包括建筑工程驗收、安裝工程驗收兩部分。1）contentsofconstructionprojectacceptanceinclude:建筑工程驗收的內(nèi)容有：①Thelocationofthebuilding,elevation,axisisinlinewiththedesignrequirements.建筑物的位置、標(biāo)高、軸線是否符合設(shè)計要求。②onthefoundationengineeringearthwork,cushionengineering,masonryengineeringandotherdatareview.對基礎(chǔ)工程中的土石方工程、墊層工程、砌筑工程等資料的審查。③thestructuralengineeringofbrickandwoodstructure,brickandconcretestructure,theinternalpouringstructure,reinforcedconcretestructureoftheexaminationandacceptance.結(jié)構(gòu)工程中的磚木結(jié)構(gòu)、磚混結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)澆外砌結(jié)構(gòu)、鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的審查驗收。④theinspectionandacceptanceofthewoodfoundation,linoleum,roofingtile,insulationlayer,waterprooflayeroftheroofingproject.對屋面工程的木基、望板油氈、屋面瓦、保溫層、防水層等的審查驗收。⑤theexaminationandacceptanceoftheWindowsanddoorsproject.對門窗工程的審查驗收。⑥onthedecorationprojectreviewandacceptance(plaster,paintandotherprojects)對裝修工程的審查驗收（抹灰、油漆等工程）。2）contentsofinstallationacceptanceinclude:安裝工程驗收的內(nèi)容有：①constructionequipmentinstallationengineering(referstothecivilbuildingsinthewaterpipe,heating,gas,ventilation,electricallightinginstallationengineering).Thespecification,model,quantityandqualityoftheseequipmentshouldbecheckedtoseeiftheymeetthedesignrequirements.Thematerials,materialsandmaterialsusedduringinstallationshouldbechecked.Pressuretest,watertestandlightingshouldbechecked.建筑設(shè)備安裝工程（指民用建筑物中的上下水管道、暖氣、煤氣、通風(fēng)、電氣照明等安裝工程）。應(yīng)檢查這些設(shè)備的規(guī)格、型號、數(shù)量、質(zhì)量是否符合設(shè)計要求，檢查安裝時的材料、材質(zhì)、材種，檢查試壓、閉水試驗、照明。②processequipmentinstallationengineeringincluding:production,lifting,transmission,experimentandotherequipmentinstallation,andaffiliatedpipelinelayingandpainting,insulation,etc.Checkequipmentspecification,model,quantity,quality,equipmentinstallationposition,elevation,framesize,quality,singletestrun,no-loadcombinedtestrun,loadcombinedtestrun,weldingqualityofpipeline,cleaning,purging,pressuretest,leakagetestandvariousvalves,etc.

工藝設(shè)備安裝工程包括：生產(chǎn)、起重、傳動、實驗等設(shè)備的安裝，以及附屬管線敷設(shè)和油漆、保溫等。檢查設(shè)備的規(guī)格、型號、數(shù)量、質(zhì)量、設(shè)備安裝的位置、標(biāo)高、機(jī)座尺寸、質(zhì)量、單機(jī)試車、無負(fù)荷聯(lián)動試車、有負(fù)荷聯(lián)動試車、管道的焊接質(zhì)量、清洗、吹掃、試壓、試漏及各種閥門等。③powerequipmentinstallationengineeringreferstotheself-providedpowerplantprojectorsubstation(substation),powerdistributionlineacceptance.動力設(shè)備安裝工程指有自備電廠的項目或變配電室（所）、動力配電線路的驗收。2．Conditionsforthecompletionandacceptanceofconstructionprojects建設(shè)項目竣工驗收的條件TheregulationsonthequalitycontrolofconstructionprojectsissuedbythestatecouncilinJanuary2000stipulatesthatthecompletionandacceptanceofconstructionprojectsshallmeetthefollowingconditions:國務(wù)院2000年1月發(fā)布的第279號令《建設(shè)工程質(zhì)量管理條例》規(guī)定，建設(shè)工程竣工驗收應(yīng)當(dāng)具備以下條件：1）completethedesignoftheconstructionprojectandthecontentsagreedinthecontract.完成建設(shè)工程設(shè)計和合同約定的各項內(nèi)容。2）completetechnicalfilesandconstructionmanagementmaterials.有完整的技術(shù)檔案和施工管理資料。3）sitetestreportofmainbuildingmaterials,buildingcomponentsandequipmentusedintheproject.有工程使用的主要建筑材料、建筑構(gòu)配件和設(shè)備的進(jìn)場試驗報告。4）qualityqualificationdocumentssignedbysurvey,design,constructionandprojectsupervisionunits.有勘察、設(shè)計、施工、工程監(jiān)理等單位分別簽署的質(zhì)量合格文件。5）engineeringwarrantysignedbytheconstructioncompany.

有施工單位簽署的工程保修書。8．1．3Basisandstandardforcompletionacceptanceofconstructionproject建設(shè)項目竣工驗收的依據(jù)與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

1.Thebasisforthecompletionandacceptanceofconstructionprojects建設(shè)項目竣工驗收的依據(jù)除了必須符合國家規(guī)定的竣工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（或地方政府主管機(jī)關(guān)規(guī)定的具體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）之外，在進(jìn)行竣工驗收和辦理工程移交手續(xù)時，應(yīng)該以下列文件作為依據(jù)：1）variousdocumentsapprovedbythesuperiorcompetentdepartmentfortheproject.上級主管部門對該項目批準(zhǔn)的各種文件。2）feasibilitystudyreport.可行性研究報告。3）constructiondrawingdesigndocumentsanddesignchangenegotiationrecords.施工圖設(shè)計文件及設(shè)計變更洽商記錄。4）variousstandardspromulgatedbythestateandcurrentconstructionacceptancespecifications.國家頒布的各種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和現(xiàn)行的施工驗收規(guī)范。5）projectcontractdocuments.工程承包合同文件。6）technicalequipmentmanual.技術(shù)設(shè)備說明書。7）unifiedregulationsonconstructionandinstallationworksandregulationsofcompetentauthoritiesoncompletionofworks.建筑安裝工程統(tǒng)一規(guī)定及主管部門關(guān)于工程竣工的規(guī)定。8）forprojectsofnewtechnologiesandcompletesetsofequipmentimportedfromabroadandsino-foreignjointventureconstructionprojects,theinspectionandacceptanceshallbeconductedinaccordancewiththesignedcontractsanddesigndocumentsprovidedbytheimportingcountry從國外引進(jìn)的新技術(shù)和成套設(shè)備的項目以及中外合資建設(shè)項目，要按照簽訂的合同和進(jìn)口國提供的設(shè)計文件等進(jìn)行驗收；2．Standardsforcompletionacceptanceofconstructionprojects建設(shè)項目竣工驗收的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1）theproductionprojectsandauxiliarypublicfacilitieshavebeencompletedaccordingtothedesignrequirementsandcanmeettherequirementsforproductionanduse.生產(chǎn)性項目和輔助性公用設(shè)施，已按設(shè)計要求完成，能滿足生產(chǎn)使用。2）themainsupportingprocessequipmentisqualifiedafterlinkageloadtest,formingtheproductioncapacityandbeingabletoproducetheproductsspecifiedinthedesigndocument.主要工藝設(shè)備配套經(jīng)聯(lián)動負(fù)荷試車合格，形成生產(chǎn)能力，能夠生產(chǎn)出設(shè)計文件所規(guī)定的產(chǎn)品。3）themainproductionfacilitieshavebeenbuiltaccordingtothedesignrequirements.主要的生產(chǎn)設(shè)施已按設(shè)計要求建成。4）productionpreparationcanmeettheneedsofproduction.生產(chǎn)準(zhǔn)備工作能適應(yīng)投產(chǎn)的需要。5）environmentalprotectionfacilities,laborsafetyandhealthfacilitiesandfirefightingfacilitieshavebeenbuiltandusedatthesametimeaccordingtothedesignandthemainproject.環(huán)境保護(hù)設(shè)施、勞動安全衛(wèi)生設(shè)施、消防設(shè)施已按設(shè)計與主體工程同時建成使用。6）theconstructionandcompletionacceptanceofproductiveinvestmentprojects,suchascivilengineering,installation,civilairdefense,pipeline,communicationandotherprojectsofindustrialprojects,mustbecarriedoutinaccordancewiththenationalandindustrialconstructionandacceptancespecifications.生產(chǎn)性投資項目，如工業(yè)項目的土建、安裝、人防、管道、通訊等工程的施工和竣工驗收，必須按照國家和行業(yè)施工及驗收規(guī)范執(zhí)行。3．Checkandapprovethequalityofthecompletionacceptanceofconstructionprojects建設(shè)項目竣工驗收的質(zhì)量核定Thequalitycheckandapprovalofthecompletionacceptanceisalegalmeansforthegovernmenttosupervisethequalityofthecompletedproject.竣工驗收的質(zhì)量核定是政府對竣工工程進(jìn)行質(zhì)量監(jiān)督的一種帶有法律性的手段，是竣工驗收交付使用必須辦理的手續(xù)。

（1）declaretheconditionsforthequalityapprovalofthecompletedproject申報竣工質(zhì)量核定工程的條件1）Itmustmeetthecompletionconditionsstipulatedbythecountryorregionandthecontentsstipulatedinthecontract.Forprojectsentrustedtoprojectsupervision,therelevantmaterialsconcerningthesupervisionofprojectqualitybythesupervisingentitymustbeprovided.必須符合國家或地區(qū)規(guī)定的竣工條件和合同規(guī)定的內(nèi)容。委托工程監(jiān)理的工程，必須提供監(jiān)理單位對工程質(zhì)量進(jìn)行監(jiān)理的有關(guān)資料。2）Theacceptancerecordssignedbyallpartiesmustbeavailable.Iftheconstructionunitrepairsthequalityproblemsraisedbytheacceptanceparties,itshallhavethere-inspectionrecordsoftheconstructionunitandthesupervisionunit.必須具備各方簽認(rèn)的驗收記錄。對驗收各方提出的質(zhì)量問題，施工單位進(jìn)行返修的，應(yīng)具備建設(shè)單位和監(jiān)理單位的復(fù)驗記錄。3）Itshallhavecompleteandeffectiveconstructiontechnicaldataconformingtotherequirements.具有符合照規(guī)定的、齊全有效的施工技術(shù)資料。4)

Ensurewaterandelectricitysupplyandothernecessaryconditionsforcompletionqualityapproval.保證竣工質(zhì)量核定所需的水、電供應(yīng)及其他必備的條件。（2）themethodofcompletionqualityapproval竣工質(zhì)量核定的方法1）afterthecompletionoftheunitproject,theconstructionunitshallconductself-inspectioninaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthenationalinspectionandevaluationstandards,andsubmittotheconstructionunitaftermeetingthequalitystandardsrequiredbytherelevantspecifications,designdocumentsandcontract.單位工程完成之后，施工單位應(yīng)按照國家檢驗評定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定進(jìn)行自驗，符合有關(guān)規(guī)范、設(shè)計文件和合同要求的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)后，提交建設(shè)單位。2）theconstructionunitshallorganizedesign,supervision,constructionandotherunitstoevaluatetheprojectquality,andsubmittheapplicationtotherelevantsupervisioninstitutionsforthequalityapprovalofthecompletedproject.建設(shè)單位組織設(shè)計、監(jiān)理、施工等單位，對工程質(zhì)量評出等級，并向有關(guān)的監(jiān)督機(jī)構(gòu)提出申報竣工工程質(zhì)量核定。3）afteracceptingthequalityverificationofthecompletedproject,thesupervisioninstitutionshallconducttheverificationinaccordancewiththenational"projectqualityinspectionandassessmentstandards".Qualifiedorexcellentprojectsshallbeissuedwiththe"certificateofquality"andthequalitygradeshallbedescribed.Aftertheprojectisdeliveredforuse,ifthereareseriousproblemssuchaspermanentdefectsintheprojectquality,thesupervisioninstitutionwillwithdrawthecertificateofconformityandpublishit.監(jiān)督機(jī)構(gòu)在受理了竣工工程質(zhì)量核定后，按照國家的《工程質(zhì)量檢驗評定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》進(jìn)行核定，經(jīng)核定合格或優(yōu)良的工程，發(fā)給《合格證書》，并說明其質(zhì)量等級。工程交付使用后，如工程質(zhì)量出現(xiàn)永久缺陷等嚴(yán)重問題，監(jiān)督機(jī)構(gòu)將收回《合格證書》，并予以公布。4）theunqualifiedunitprojectapprovedbythesupervisioninstitutionshallnotbeissuedwitha"certificateofquality"andshallnotbeputintouse.Theresponsibleunitshallre-applyandre-examinetheprojectafterrepairingitwithintheprescribedtimelimit.經(jīng)監(jiān)督機(jī)構(gòu)核定不合格的單位工程，不發(fā)給《合格證書》，不準(zhǔn)投入使用，責(zé)任單位在規(guī)定期限返修后，再重新進(jìn)行申報、核定。5）intheverification,iftheconstructionunitdatacannotexplainthesafetyofthestructureorcannotguaranteetheuseofthefunction,theconstructionunitcommissionedastatutorymonitoringunitformonitoring,andbythesupervisionagencytoconcealtheaccidenttohandleaccordingtolaw在核定中，如施工單位資料不能說明結(jié)構(gòu)安全或不能保證使用功能的，由施工單位委托法定監(jiān)測單位進(jìn)行監(jiān)測，并由監(jiān)督機(jī)構(gòu)對隱瞞事故者進(jìn)行依法處理。8．1．4Methods,proceduresandmanagementofthecompletionandacceptanceofconstructionprojects建設(shè)項目竣工驗收的方式、程序與管理1．Methodsforthecompletionandacceptanceofconstructionprojects建設(shè)項目竣工驗收的方式

表8－1

不同階段的工程驗收類型驗收條件驗收組織中間驗收（1）按照施工承包合同的約定，施工完成到某一階段后要進(jìn)行中間驗收。（2）主要的工程部位施工已完成了隱蔽前的準(zhǔn)備工作，該工程部位將置于無法查看的狀態(tài)。由監(jiān)理單位組織，業(yè)主和承包商派人參加。該部位的驗收資料將作為最終驗收的依據(jù)。單項工程驗收（交工驗收）（1）建設(shè)項目中的某個合同工程已全部完成。（2）合同內(nèi)約定有分部分項移交的工程已達(dá)到竣工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，可移交給業(yè)主投入試運(yùn)行。由業(yè)主組織，會同施工單位、監(jiān)理單位、設(shè)計單位及使用單位等有關(guān)部門共同進(jìn)行。全部工程竣工驗收（動用驗收）（1）建設(shè)項目按設(shè)計規(guī)定全部建成，達(dá)到竣工驗收條件。（2）初驗結(jié)果全部合格。（3）竣工驗收所需資料已準(zhǔn)備齊全。大中型和限額以上項目由國家計委或由其委托項目主管部門或地方政府部門組織驗收。小型和限額以下項目由項目主管部門組織驗收業(yè)主、監(jiān)理單位、施工單位、設(shè)計單位和使用單位參加驗收工作。2．Completionacceptanceproceduresofconstructionprojects建設(shè)項目竣工驗收程序

（1）thecontractorappliesfordeliveryforacceptance承包商申請交工驗收（2）sitepreliminaryinspectionbysupervisionengineer監(jiān)理工程師現(xiàn)場初驗（3）formalacceptance正式驗收（4）singleprojectacceptance單項工程驗收（5）completionandacceptanceofallworks全部工程的竣工驗收（1）thecontractorappliesfordeliveryforacceptance承包商申請交工驗收Thecontractormayapplyfordeliveryandacceptanceofthecontractworksaftercompletionofthecontractworksortheworksmaybehandedoverstepbystepasagreedinthecontract.Generally,thecompletionandacceptanceofaprojectisasingleproject,butitcanalsobetheconstructioncontentofaunitprojectinsomespecialcircumstances,suchasthespecialfoundationtreatmentprojectandthehandoverofasingleunitofapowerstationaftercompletion.Thecontractorshallcarryoutpre-inspectionuponthecompletionoftheconstructionproject,determinetherepairmeasuresandstandardsforthepartsandprojectsthatdonotmeettherequirements,andrepairthedefectiveparts;Fortheequipmentinstallationproject,partyaandthesupervisingunitshalljointlycarryoutsingleandcombinedtestwithoutload.Afterthecontractorcompletestheaboveworkandpreparesthecompletionmaterials,itcansubmitthecompletionacceptanceapplicationreporttopartya.Generally,thebasicconstructionunitshallcarryoutthecompletionacceptancepre-acceptanceatthreelevelsofself-inspection,projectmanagerself-inspectionandcompanypre-inspection,alsoknownasthecompletionpre-inspection,tomakepreparationsfortheformalcompletionacceptance.承包商在完成了合同工程或按合同約定可分步移交工程的，可申請交工驗收。交工驗收一般為單項工程，但在某些特殊情況下也可以是單位工程的施工內(nèi)容，諸如特殊基礎(chǔ)處理工程、發(fā)電站單機(jī)機(jī)組完成后的移交等。承包商施工的工程達(dá)到竣工條件后，應(yīng)先進(jìn)行預(yù)檢驗，對不符合要求的部位和項目，確定修補(bǔ)措施和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，修補(bǔ)有缺陷的工程部位；對于設(shè)備安裝工程，要與甲方和監(jiān)理單位共同進(jìn)行無負(fù)荷的單機(jī)和聯(lián)動試車。承包商在完成了上述工作和準(zhǔn)備好竣工資料后，即可向甲方提交竣工驗收申請報告，一般由基層施工單位先進(jìn)行自驗、項目經(jīng)理自驗、公司級預(yù)驗三個層次進(jìn)行竣工驗收預(yù)驗收，亦稱竣工預(yù)驗，為正式竣工驗收做好準(zhǔn)備。（2）sitepreliminaryinspectionbysupervisionengineer監(jiān)理工程師現(xiàn)場初驗

Theconstructionunitthroughthepre-acceptanceofthecompletion,theproblemsfoundafterthetreatment,decidedtoformallysubmittotheacceptance,shouldbesubmittedtothesupervisionengineeracceptanceapplicationreport,supervisionengineerreviewacceptanceapplicationreport,ifitisconsideredthattheacceptance,thesupervisionengineershallformainspectiongroup,thecompletionoftheprojectforpreliminaryinspection.Qualityproblemsfoundinthepreliminaryinspectionshallbetimelynotifiedtotheconstructionunitinwritingforrepairorevenrework.施工單位通過竣工預(yù)驗收，對發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題進(jìn)行處理后，決定正式提請驗收，應(yīng)向監(jiān)理工程師提交驗收申請報告，監(jiān)理工程師審查驗收申請報告，如認(rèn)為可以驗收，則由監(jiān)理工程師組成驗收組，對竣工的工程項目進(jìn)行初驗。在初驗中發(fā)現(xiàn)的質(zhì)量問題，要及時書面通知施工單位，令其修理甚至返工。（3）formalacceptance正式驗收Organizedbytheownerorsupervisionengineer,theformalacceptanceinspectionshallincludetheowner,supervisionunit,designunit,constructionunit,projectqualitysupervisionstationandotherunits.Theworkingprocedureis:由業(yè)主或監(jiān)理工程師組織，有業(yè)主、監(jiān)理單位、設(shè)計單位、施工單位、工程質(zhì)量監(jiān)督站等單位參加的正式驗收。工作程序是：

1）allpartiesparticipatinginthecompletionacceptanceoftheprojectshallvisuallyinspectthecompletedprojectandcheckwhetherthecontentslistedintheprojectdataarecompleteandcompleteonebyone.參加工程項目竣工驗收的各方對已竣工的工程進(jìn)行目測檢查，逐一核對工程資料所列內(nèi)容是否齊備和完整。

2）thesiteacceptancemeetingattendedbyallpartiesshallbeheldandtheprojectmanagershallintroducetheconstructionsituation,self-inspectionsituationandcompletionsituationoftheprojectandpresentthecompletiondata;Thechiefprojectsupervisionengineershallinformthemaincontentsoftheprojectsupervisionandpublishthesupervisionopinionsonthecompletionandacceptance;Thenadjourntemporarily,bythequalityinspectiondepartmentinconjunctionwiththeownersandsupervisionengineertodiscusswhethertheformalacceptanceofqualified;Finally,theownerorthechiefsupervisionengineerannouncedtheacceptanceresults,qualitycontrolstationannouncedtheprojectqualitylevel.舉行各方參加的現(xiàn)場驗收會議，由項目經(jīng)理對工程施工情況、自驗情況和竣工情況進(jìn)行介紹，并出示竣工資料；由項目總監(jiān)理工程師通報工程監(jiān)理中的主要內(nèi)容，發(fā)表竣工驗收的監(jiān)理意見；然后暫時休會，由質(zhì)檢部門會同業(yè)主及監(jiān)理工程師討論正式驗收是否合格；最后復(fù)會，由業(yè)主或總監(jiān)理工程師宣布驗收結(jié)果，質(zhì)檢站人員宣布工程質(zhì)量等級。

3）thecompletionacceptancecertificateshallbehandled,signedandsealedbythethreeparties.辦理竣工驗收簽證書，三方簽字蓋章。（4）singleprojectacceptance

單項工程驗收Singleprojectischeckedandaccepttobecalledagainhandinprojectcheckandaccept,aftercheckingandacceptancenamely,ownerjustcanputintouse.Theinspectionandacceptanceshallbeconductedbytheownerinaccordancewiththerelevanttechnicalspecificationsandconstructioncontractissuedbythestate,andthefollowingaspectsshallbeinspectedorinspected:單項工程驗收又稱交工驗收，即驗收合格后業(yè)主方可投入使用。由業(yè)主組織的交工驗收，主要依據(jù)國家頒布的有關(guān)技術(shù)規(guī)范和施工承包合同，對以下幾方面進(jìn)行檢查或檢驗：1）checkandverifythecompletionoftheproject,andpreparetotransfertotheownertheintegrityandaccuracyofalltechnicaldata.檢查、核實竣工項目，準(zhǔn)備移交給業(yè)主的所有技術(shù)資料的完整性、準(zhǔn)確性。2）accordingtothedesigndocumentandcontract,checkwhetherthereisanymissingiteminthecompletedproject.

按照設(shè)計文件和合同，檢查已完工程是否有漏項。3）inspectprojectquality,concealedprojectacceptancematerials,constructionrecordsofkeyparts,etc.,andinspectwhethertheconstructionqualitymeetstherequirementsofthecontract.檢查工程質(zhì)量、隱蔽工程驗收資料、關(guān)鍵部位的施工記錄等，考察施工質(zhì)量是否達(dá)到合同要求。4）checkthetestrecordandwhethertheproblemsfoundinthetestarecorrected.檢查試車記錄及試車中所發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題是否得到改正。5）ifreworkorrepairisfoundtobeneededduringtheacceptanceinspection,thecompletiondeadlineshallbeclearlyspecified.在交工驗收中發(fā)現(xiàn)需要返工、修補(bǔ)的工程，明確規(guī)定完成期限。6）otherrelevantissuesinvolved.其他涉及的有關(guān)問題。（5）completionandacceptanceofallworks全部工程的竣工驗收Afterthecompletionofallconstruction,thestatecompetentdepartmentsshallorganizethecompletionacceptanceinspection,alsoknownastheacceptanceinspectionbyuse.Theowner'sparticipationinthecompletionacceptanceofalltheprojectsisdividedintothreestages:acceptancepreparation,pre-acceptanceandformalacceptance.全部施工完成后，由國家主管部門組織的竣工驗收，也稱動用驗收。業(yè)主參與全部工程竣工驗收分為驗收準(zhǔn)備、預(yù)驗收和正式驗收三個階段。1）issuethenoticeofcompletionacceptance.發(fā)出《竣工驗收通知書》2）organizeacceptancework.組織驗收工作。3）issueandhandoverthecompletionacceptancecertificate.簽發(fā)《竣工驗收證明書》并辦理移交。4）projectqualityassessment進(jìn)行工程質(zhì)量評定。5）sortedoutvarioustechnicaldocumentsandmaterials,andhandledthetransferofengineeringfilesandmaterials.整理各種技術(shù)文件資料，辦理工程檔案資料移交。6）handlethetransferproceduresoffixedassets.辦理固定資產(chǎn)移交手續(xù)。7）handlingprojectfinalaccounts.辦理工程決算。8）signthecompletionacceptancecertificate.簽署竣工驗收鑒定書。8.1.5Projectcostmanagementinthestageofcompletionacceptanceandpost-evaluationofconstructionprojects

建設(shè)項目竣工驗收及后評估階段的工程造價管理1.Therelationshipbetweenthecompletionacceptanceandpost-evaluationstageofaconstructionprojectandtheprojectcost建設(shè)項目竣工驗收、后評估階段與工程造價的關(guān)系

Thefinalaccountofcompletionisthedocumentthattheconstructionunitreflectstheactualcostandinvestmenteffectoftheconstructionprojectandcorrectlyverifiesthevalueofthenewlyaddedfixedassets.Itisanimportantpartofthecompletionacceptancereport.Atthesametime,thefinalsettlementpriceofcompletionisasummaryofthesettlementpriceofcompletionandotherconstructioncostsactuallyincurred,whichisthebasisforcalculatingthevalueofthepropertydeliveredforuse.Thefinalaccountsofcompletioncanreflectthecompletionofthefixedassetsplanandthereasonsforsavingoroverspending,soastocontroltheprojectcost.

竣工決算是建設(shè)單位反映建設(shè)項目實際造價、投資效果和正確核定新增固定資產(chǎn)價值的文件，是竣工驗收報告的重要組成部分。同時，竣工決算價格是由竣工結(jié)算價格與實際發(fā)生的工程建設(shè)其他費(fèi)用等匯總而成，是計算交付使用財產(chǎn)價值的依據(jù)。竣工決算可反映出固定資產(chǎn)計劃完成情況以及節(jié)約或超支原因，從而控制工程造價。Post-evaluationofaconstructionprojectreferstotheeconomicactivitiesthatsystematicallyevaluatethewholeprocessofprojectapprovaldecision,designandconstruction,completionandoperation,etc.ofaconstructionprojectafterithasbeencompletedandputintooperationandproductionoperationforaperiodoftime.Itisanimportantpartofprojectcostmanagement.Throughpost-evaluationofconstructionprojects,achievementscanbeaffirmed,experiencesummedup,problemsstudied,lessonslearned,Suggestionsputforward,workimproved,andthepurposeofconstantlyimprovingprojectdecision-makinglevelandinvestmenteffect.

建設(shè)項目后評估是指建設(shè)項目在竣工投產(chǎn)、生產(chǎn)運(yùn)營一段時間后，對項目的立項決策、設(shè)計施工、竣工投產(chǎn)、生產(chǎn)運(yùn)營等全過程進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)評價的一一種經(jīng)濟(jì)活動，它是工程造價管理的一項重要內(nèi)容。通過建設(shè)項目后評估，可以達(dá)到肯定成績、總結(jié)經(jīng)驗、研究問題、吸取教訓(xùn)、提出建議、改進(jìn)工作、不斷提高項目決策水平和投資效果的目的。2.Thecontentofprojectcostmanagementinthestageofcompletionacceptanceandpost-evaluationofaconstructionproject建設(shè)項目竣工驗收、后評估階段工程造價管理的內(nèi)容

Establishmentandreviewofcompletionsettlement,establishmentoffinalaccountsforcompletion,treatmentofwarrantyexpenses,post-evaluationofconstructionprojects,etc.竣工結(jié)算的編制與審查，竣工決算的編制，保修費(fèi)用的處理，建設(shè)項目后評估等。8．2Completionsettlementandfinalaccountsofconstructionprojects

建設(shè)項目竣工結(jié)算與竣工決算

8.2.1Settlementforcompletionofconstructionproject建設(shè)項目竣工結(jié)算1．Theconceptofsettlementoncompletionofconstructionprojects建設(shè)項目竣工結(jié)算的概念Byconstructionenterprisesinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthecontractaccordingtotheprincipleofworkandsettlementiscompletebythecontentofthecontractedproject,theconstructionunitandrelatedinspectionqualified,andconformtotherequirementsofthecontract,priortothedeliveryoftheproductionoruse,bytheconstructionunitaccordingtothecontractpriceandtheactualincreaseordecreaseofthecostofchange(change,visa,negotiation,etc.)werecompiled,andwithortothesignatureoftheparty,correctlyreflecttheprojectactualcostfinally,andasafinalsettlementtotheunitscontractingouttheprojecteconomicfile.竣工結(jié)算是由施工企業(yè)按照合同規(guī)定的內(nèi)容全部完成所承包的工程，經(jīng)建設(shè)單位及相關(guān)單位驗收質(zhì)量合格，并符合合同要求之后，在交付生產(chǎn)或使用前，由施工單位根據(jù)合同價格和實際發(fā)生的費(fèi)用的增減變化(變更、簽證、洽商等)情況進(jìn)行編制，并經(jīng)發(fā)包方或委托方簽字確認(rèn)的，正確反映該項工程最終實際造價，并作為向發(fā)包單位進(jìn)行最終結(jié)算工程款的經(jīng)濟(jì)文件。2.Thecontentsofthecompletionsettlementoftheconstructionproject

建設(shè)項目竣工結(jié)算的內(nèi)容

Thecontentofcompletionsettlementisbasicallythesameastheconstructiondrawingbudget,whichiscomposedofdirectengineeringfee,indirectfee,plannedprofitandtax.Completionsettlementshallbepresentedintheformofcompletionsettlementbook,includingunitprojectcompletionsettlementbook,singleprojectcompletionsettlementbookandcompletionsettlementmanual,etc.

竣工結(jié)算的內(nèi)容與施工圖預(yù)算基本相同，竣工結(jié)算以竣工結(jié)算書形式表現(xiàn)，包括單位工程竣工結(jié)算書、單項工程竣工結(jié)算書及竣工結(jié)算說明書等。3．Tocompilethecompletionsettlementofconstructionprojects建設(shè)項目竣工結(jié)算的編制（1）Compilationprinciple編制原則1）seektruthfromfacts.實事求是。2）strictlyimplementrelevantnationalandregionalregulations.嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行國家和地區(qū)的各項有關(guān)規(guī)定。3）conscientiouslyperformthetermsofthecontract.認(rèn)真履行合同條款。4）sufficientpreparationbasis編制依據(jù)充分。

5）completeauditandapprovalprocedures.審核和審定手續(xù)完備。（2）Compilationbasis編制依據(jù)1）projectcompletionreportandprojectcompletionacceptancecertificate.工程竣工報告及工程竣工驗收證明。2）approvedconstructiondrawingbudgetandconstructioncontract.經(jīng)審批的施工圖預(yù)算和施工合同。3）thecurrentbudgetquota,costquota,materialbudgetpriceandvariousfeestandardsintheregion,aswellastheprojectpricingagreementbetweenthetwoparties.本地區(qū)現(xiàn)行預(yù)算定額、費(fèi)用定額、材料預(yù)算價格及各種收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、雙方有關(guān)工程計價協(xié)定。4）allkindsoftechnicaldataandon-sitevisarecords.各種技術(shù)資料及現(xiàn)場簽證記錄。5）otherrelevantdocuments.其他有關(guān)文件規(guī)定。（3）

Preparationmethods編制方法1）contractpricelumpsummethod合同價格包干法Afterconsideringthefactorsofdynamicchangeofprojectcost,thecontractpriceisonceguaranteed,andthecontractpriceoftheprojectisthecompletionsettlementcost.Thatis:在考慮了工程造價動態(tài)變化的因素后，合同價格一次包死，項目的合同價就是竣工結(jié)算造價。即：Settlementprojectcost=theconstructiondrawingbudgetcostapprovedbytheemployer(1+packingcoefficient)結(jié)算工程造價＝經(jīng)發(fā)包方審定后的施工圖預(yù)算造價×（1＋包干系數(shù)）2）increaseordecreaseofthenumberofcontracts合同數(shù)增減法increaseordecreaseofthenumberofcontractsWhensigningac