2023譯林版新教材高中英語必修第三冊同步練習(xí)-Unit 4　五年高考練

Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld

五年高考練

I.閱讀理解

A

主題語境：語篇類型：建議用時(shí)：

（2020北京,C,*）

Forthepastfiveyears,PaulaSmith,ahistorianofscience,hasdevotedherselftore-creatinglong-

forgottentechniques.Whiledoingresearchforhernewbook,shecameacrossa16th-centuryFrench

manuscript（手稿）consistingofnearly1,000setsofinstructions,coveringsubjectsfromtoolmakingtofinding

thebestsand.

Theauthor,sintentionremainsasmysterious（神秘）ashisname;hemayhavebeensimplytakingnotes

forhisownrecords.ButSmithwasstruckmainlybythefactthatshedidn'ttrulygraspanyoftheskillsthe

authordescribed.?4Yousimplycan,tgetanunderstandingofthathandworkbyreadingaboutit,“shesays.

ThoughSmithdidgetherhandsonthebestsand,doingthingstheold-fashionedwayisn,tjustabout

playingaroundwithFrenchmud.Reconstructingtheworkofthecraftsmen（?E）wholivedcenturiesagocan

revealhowtheyviewedtheworld,whatobjectsfilledtheirhomes,andwhatwentonintheworkshopsthat

producedthem.Itcanevenhelpsolvepresent-dayproblems:In2015,scientistsdiscoveredthata10th-century

Englishmedicineforeyeproblemscouldkilladrug-resistantvirus.

Theworkhasalsobroughtinsightsformuseums,Smithsays.Onemustknowhowanobjectwasmadein

ordertopreserveit.What,smore,reconstructionsmightbetheonlywaytoknowwhattreasureslookedlike

beforetimeworethemdown.ScholarshaveseenthisideainpracticewithancientGreekandRomanstatues.

Thesesculptureswerepaintedarainbowofstrikingcolours.Wecan'tappreciatethesekindsofdetailswithout

seeingworksofartastheyoriginallyappeared-somethingSmithbelievesyoucandoonlywhenyouhavea

roadmap.

Smithhasputthemanuscript'sideasintopractice.Herfinalgoalistolinktheworldsofartandscience

backtogether.Shebelievesthatbringingtheoldrecipestolifecanhelpdevelopakindoflearningthat

highlightsexperimentation,teamwork,andproblemsolving.

Backwhenscience-thencalled“thenewphilosophy“一tookshape,academicslookedtocraftsmenfor

helpinunderstandingthenaturalworld.Microscopesandtelescopeswereinventedbywayofartistic

tinkering^修未卜），ascraftsmenexperimentedwithglasstobetterbendlight.

Ifwecanrediscoverthevaluesofhands-onexperienceandcraftwork,Smithsays,wecanmarrythebest

ofourmoderninsightswiththehandinessofourancestors.

詞匯積累

Lgraspn.理解;領(lǐng)悟

2.reconstructv.修復(fù);重建

3.weardown變小,變光滑;磨短

4.experimentation〃.實(shí)驗(yàn);嘗試

5.takeshape成形

6.marry也將..結(jié)合在一起【熟詞生義】

7.handiness〃.巧妙

1.HowdidSmithfeelafterreadingtheFrenchmanuscript?

A.Confusedaboutthetechnicalterms.

BJmpressedwithitsdetailedinstructions.

C-Discouragedbyitscomplexstructure.

D-Shockedforherownlackofhandskills.

2.AccordingtoSmith,thereconstructionworkisdonemainlyto.

A.restoreoldworkshops

B.understandthecraftsmen

C.improvevisualeffects

D.inspirethephilosophers

3.Whydoestheauthormentionmuseums?

A.Torevealthebeautyofancientobjects.

B.Topresentthefindingsofoldscience.

C.Tohighlighttheimportanceofantiques.

D.Toemphasisethevaluesofhandskills.

4.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.CraftsmenSettheTrendsforArtists

B-CraftsmanshipLeadstoNewTheories

C-CraftsmanshipMakesBetterScientists

D.CraftsmenReshapetheFutureofScience

B

主題語境：語篇類型：建議用時(shí)：

（2020全國新高考I,B,*）

JenniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearning

anursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaire

andbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor,sdegree.

Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobaway

fromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnical

college,workingtopayhertuition（學(xué)費(fèi)）,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.

Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.

Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvance

hercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.Shechosethe

UW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueher

four-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.

Jenniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwo

jobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.

Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifer

sacrificed（i∣H?）toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventsto

study.44Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,,,

shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.

Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat,sprettypowerful.

詞匯積累

Lwillpower〃.意志力,毅力

2.pursue嘰繼續(xù)進(jìn)行,追求

3.covern.足以支付熟詞生義

詞匯積累

4.standing幾地位;級別

5.honors〃.優(yōu)異成績

5.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?

A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.

B.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.

C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.

D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.

6.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?

A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.

B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.

C.Tosavemoneyforherparents.

D.Tofindawell-paidjobthere.

7.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?

A.Herhealth.

B.Hertimewithfamily.

C.Herreputation.

D.Herchanceofpromotion.

8.WhatcanweIeamfromJennifer'sstory?

A.Timeismoney.

B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.

C.Hardworkpaysoff.

D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.

∏?應(yīng)用文寫作

⑵)20全國I,*；)

你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請以身邊值得尊敬和爰戴的人為題,寫一篇短文參賽,內(nèi)容包括：

1.人物簡介；

2.尊敬和愛戴的原因。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)IoO左右；

2.短文題目和首句已為你寫好。

ThepersonIrespect

Therearemanyrespectablepeoplearoundus.___________________________________________

答案與分層梯度式解析

Unit4ScientistswhoChangedtheworld

五年高考練

I.A

◎語篇解讀本文為記敘文。作者通過科學(xué)歷史學(xué)家葆拉?史密斯致力于被遺忘已久的技術(shù)這一事例

來證明工藝造就了更好的科學(xué)家。

1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句"ButSmithwasstruckmainlybythefactthatshedidn'ttrulygrasp

anyoftheskillstheauthordescribed.”（但讓史密斯震原的主要是,她并沒有真正掌握作者所描述的任何技

能。）可知答案為D項(xiàng)（她為自己缺乏手工技能而感到震驚。）。

2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句"Reconstructingtheworkofthecraftsmen...canrevealhowthey

viewedtheworld,whatobjectsfilledtheirhomes,andwhatwentonintheworkshopsthatproducedthem.“可

知,復(fù)原工匠的作品可以揭示他們?nèi)绾慰创澜?、他們的家里有什么東西和生產(chǎn)這些東西的工場里發(fā)生

了什么,故選B項(xiàng)（了解工匠）。

3.D推理判斷題。第三段提到重現(xiàn)古代工匠們的作品的作用,即可以更好地了解他們的世界觀,工作、

生活環(huán)境,第四段指出這些作品也給博物館帶來啟示:為了更好地保護(hù)文物,博物館必須了解文物的創(chuàng)作

過程,而重現(xiàn)作品可能是了解寶藏原本的樣子的唯一方法。由此可推知,作者提及博物館是為了進(jìn)一步

強(qiáng)調(diào)手工技術(shù)的重要性,故答案為D項(xiàng)。

4.C主旨大意題。本文以史密斯致力于被遺忘已久的技術(shù)為線索,介紹了工藝對科學(xué)的促進(jìn).由此可推

知本文的最佳題目應(yīng)為C項(xiàng)（工藝造就了更好的科學(xué)家）。

B

◎語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作為三個(gè)孩子的母親,珍妮弗莫爾憑借頑強(qiáng)的意志力堅(jiān)

持學(xué)習(xí)最終獲得護(hù)理學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位的事情。

5.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingto

payhertuition（高中畢業(yè)后,珍妮弗上了一所當(dāng)?shù)氐募夹g(shù)學(xué)院,通過工作支付她的學(xué)費(fèi)）”可知C項(xiàng)（她供養(yǎng)

她自己上大學(xué)）正確。

6.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第四句"Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithher

kids.（她可以開車去上課,晚上回家?guī)椭暮⒆?。）”可知A項(xiàng)（為了方便照看她的孩子）正確。

7.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一E殳第二句"Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynights

withherkidsandmissingimportanteventstoStUdy.（珍妮弗為了實(shí)現(xiàn)她的目標(biāo)而做出了犧牲,放棄了和她

的孩子在一起的許多夜晚,為了學(xué)習(xí)錯(cuò)過了一些重要事件。）”可知B項(xiàng)（和家人在一起的時(shí)間）正確。

8.C推理判斷題。這篇文章講述了作為三個(gè)孩子的母親,珍妮弗莫爾憑借頑強(qiáng)的意志力堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí),最終

獲得護(hù)理學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位的事情。故C項(xiàng)（付出終有回報(bào)）正確。

長難句

原句Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition,becausethere

wasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.

分析本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)