2023-2024學(xué)年江蘇省常州市第三職業(yè)高級(jí)中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

2023年江蘇省常州市第三職業(yè)高級(jí)中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)

期期末試卷含解析

一、選擇題

1..Asurveyconductedin2002showedthat90percentofthe503

biggestcompaniesandgovernmentdepartmentsquestioned

theirsecuritysystemsinthepreviousyear.

A.had;brokenintoB.hadhad;broken

into

C.tohavehad;brokeninD.hadhad;brokenin

參考答案：

B

略

2.Hedidn5thandinhishomeworkagain_hehadbeengivenenoughtimetodoit.

A.inspiteofB.asC.beforeD.while

參考答案：

D

略

3.Weareconsideringthestudents*requesttheschoolcanteenshouldprovide

morekindsoffoodespeciallyduringtheweekends.

A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where

參考答案:

A

4.thesmokecomeoutofthebuilding,myfirstthoughtwastocallthefire

departmentassoonaspossible.

A.HavingseenB.WhenseeingC.WhenIsawD.Seeing

參考答案：

C

5.Notonlyeverythinghehadtakenawayfromhim,butalsohiscitizenship.

A.hasB.hadC.wasD.is

參考答案：

C

6.------Doyouhaveenoughtoallyourdailyexpenses?

--------Ohyes,enoughandtospare.

A.coverB.spendC.fillD.offer

參考答案：

A

解析：本題考查詞義的區(qū)別：cover意為（錢）足夠的。

24.Alltheemployeesatthecompanyaretheirbusinessasusual.

A.goingforB.goingthroughC.goingaboutD.goingby

參考答案：

C

略

8.MrJohnsonwasdisappointedathisstudentsforhavingapassivelearning_.

A.attitudeB.energyC.progressD.result

參考答案：

A

9.Allhisattentiononthemovie,sohedidn'tevennoticethebossenterthe

room.

A.hasbeenfixedB.hasfixedC.wasfixedD.fixed

參考答案：

31.C考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。注意力是被集中，又考慮前后時(shí)態(tài)一致，故用C。

略

10.Thedeadlineofthescientificdesigncompetitionisdrawingnear,sothemonitorus

toaccelerateourpace.

A.persuadedB.allowedC.urgedD.threatened

參考答案：

C

句意:科學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)競賽的截止日期就要到了，所以班長催促我們加快進(jìn)度。urge”催促“符合句

11.rilbeatyour__inthreeminutes.

A.serviceB.orderC.movementD.signal

參考答案：

A

解析：atone'sservice意思是“隨時(shí)幫助某人“

12.Inthisseasideresort,youcan_______allthecomfortandconvenienceofmodern

tourism.

A.enjoyB.applyC.receiveD?achieve

參考答案：

A

13.Meetingagainbychance,LucyandAmyaredelightedtothefriendshipwhereit

leftoutyearsago.

A.breakupB.pickupC.bringupD.buildup

參考答案：

B

14.—Thebatteryinmycellphoneisrunninglow.

—I___thatlastnightbeforewewenttobed.

A.wasnoticingB.havenoticedC.wouldnoticeD.hadnoticed

參考答案：

D

略

15.Heislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthatnothinghedoes_____hisboss.

A.servesB.promisesC.satisfiesD.supports

參考答案：

C

略

16.Shewouldbemuchhealthiernowwiththatmuchpressurefromworkwhen

young.()

A.hadshenotburdenedherself

B.wereshenotburdened

C.shouldshenotburdenherself

D.wereshenottobeburdened

參考答案:

A

本句是考查虛擬語氣.根據(jù)whenyoung可知，從句是對(duì)過去事實(shí)的假設(shè)，由now可知主

句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的假設(shè)，而在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，如果從句中含有had、were或者

should,可以將if省略，然后將had、were或者should提前，構(gòu)成虛擬語氣句的倒裝；本

句中的從句完整的句式應(yīng)該是ifshehadnotburdenedherselfwiththatmuchpressurefrom

workwhenyoung,因?yàn)槭菍?duì)過去事實(shí)的虛擬，所以謂語動(dòng)詞用haddone；故選A.

17.Howstrangeitisthestudentsaresoquietintheclassroom!

A.whereB.whenC.whetherD.that

參考答案：

D

二、完型填空

18.閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入

空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

IwantedtobejustlikethosebigkidsIsawwearingtheirmedals

andcarryingtheirribbons（綬帶）.SoI36thecross-countryteamatmy

school.

However.Iwasveryslowintheteam.Inraces,Iwouldfinish

almost37.I'dalwayshaveto38inthelongerraces.The39racesand

atleast100peoplecompetinginitmademereally40.EverytimeI

stopped,10peoplewould41me.ButIstillcouldn'tpushmyselfto

keepgoing,eventhoughI42watchingthemgobyme.Aftereveryrace,

rdgohomeandburstintotears.Thenoneofmyfriendsjoinedthe

cross-countryteam,too.Shenevergottiredanddidn'tgetcramp（抽

筋）inherlegs.Ijustdidn'tunderstandhowthatWas43!I'dbeen

runningSheformuchlongerthanshehad,butshecouldrun44whileI

hadtosuffer.Sheevencame8thinabigracewithover200peoplein

it!My45WaslowerthaneverandIwantedtoquitbadly.Ididn't,

46.Evenawholemonthbeforearace,I'dgetsonervousthatIfelt

likeImightgiveup.Still,I47toquit.Istillhadthat48

appearinginmymindandIhungontoit.Finally,Irealizedthe

reasonwhythebiggerracesmademesonervouswasthatIWiltsalways

worriedthatIwash't49forthem.Istartedtopracticeathome

almosteveryday.I50aplanthathadmerunningalmostthree

kilometerseveryday,whichhelpedmebuildupasteady51.Whenthe

timecameforthebigrace,allthepracticereally52.Istopped

onlyonceandmypacewasmuchbetter.Iwas53ofmyselffor

stickingwithiteventhoughitWasreallyhardandI'devenwantedto

quit.IshowedmyselfthatIwas54enoughtokeepgoing.ThatWas

whatmademefeelgoodaboutmyselfandgavemeconfidenceoThenext

timeI'mfacedwithatough55,willknowthatIcantakeitup.I

NoneofthiswouldeverhavehappenedifIhadquitted!

36.A.likedB.admiredC.supportedD.joined

37.A.bestB.firstC.lastD.least

38.A.stopB.restC.breatheD.suffer

39.A.excitingB.tiringC.interestingD.disturbing

40.A.nervousB.frightenedC.sadD.angry

41.A.helpB.encourageC.leaveD.pass

42.A.missedB.hatedC.avoidedD.escaped

43.A.equalB.reasonableC.fairD.tolerable

44.A.quicklyB.easilyC.happilyD.hopefully

45.A.strengthB.demandC.goalD.confidence

46.A.yetB.eitherC.thoughD.still

47.A.refusedB.decidedC.failedD.wanted

48.A.lessonB.faithC.futureD.picture

49.A.suitableB.activeC.readyD.well

50.A.tookoutB.mappedoutC.figuredoutD.letout

51.A.paceB.raceC.willD.level

52.A.setoffB.paidoffC.gotoffD.tookoff

53.A.sureB.awareC.proudD.afraid

54.A.strongB.patientC.steadyD.devoted

55.A.jobB.sportC.competitionD.challenge

參考答案：

36.D37.C38.A39.B40.A41.D42.B43.C44.B45.D46.C47.A48.D49.C

50.B51.A52.B53.C54.A55.D

三、閱讀理解

19.Ageingandrobotsaremorecloselyrelatedthanyoumightthink.Youngcountrieswith

manychildrenhavefewrobots.Ageingnationshavelots.Thecountrieswiththelargestnumber

ofrobotsperindustrialworkerincludeSouthKorea,Singapore,GermanyandJapan,whichhave

someoftheoldestworkforcesintheworld.

Theconnectiondoesnotmerelyreflectthefactthatyoungcountriestendtobepoorand

cannotaffordfancymachines,whichtheydonotneedanyway.Itholdsgoodwithinrich

countries,too.Thosewithrelativelyfewrobotscomparedwiththesizeoftheirworkforce

includeBritainandFrance,bothofwhich(byrich-countrystandards)areageingslowly.

Tworecentstudiesquantifytheconnection.DaronAcemogluofMITandPascualRestrepo

ofBostonUniversityshowthat,between1993and2014,thecountriesthatinvestedthemostin

roboticswerethosethatwereageingthefastestmeasuredasariseintherateofpeopleover

56comparedwiththoseaged26-55.Theauthorspositaruleofthumbaten-pointriseintheir

ageingrateisassociatedwith0.9extrarobotsperthousandworkers.

AstudyfromGermanyuseddifferentmeasuresbutreachedthesameconclusion.They

foundthatthegrowthinthenumberofrobotsperthousandworkersrisestwiceasfastasthe

fallinthegrowthrateofthepopulation(e.g.if)populationgrowthfallsby1%,thegrowthin

robotdensityrisesby2%),Populationgrowthiscloselyrelatedtoagestructure.

Thesefindingsshouldnotbesurprising.Robotstypicallysubstituteforlabour.Thatiswhy

manypeoplefearthattheywilldestroyjobs.Countrieswithplentyofyoungworkersdonot

needlaboursubstitutes.Wagestherealsotendtobelow-makingautomationunprofitable.But

ageingcreatesdemandforautomationintwoways.First,topreventoutputfallingasmore

peopleretire,machinesarenecessarytosubstituteforthosewhohavelefttheworkforceorto

enableageingworkerstocontinuetodophysicallabour.Second,oncepeoplehaveretiredthey

createmarketsfornewkindsofautomation,includingrobotsthathelpwiththemedicaland

otherrequirementsofcaringforpeoplewhocannolongerlookafterthemselves

8.Whatcanweinferfromthearticle?

A.Ageingiscloselyrelatedtorobots*B.Ageingcountrieshavefewrobots.

C.Robotsareneededinyoungcountries.D.Youngandrichcountrieswantmorerobots.

9.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"posit"underlinedinParagraph3?

A.Want.B.Remove.

C.Assume.D.Obey.

10.Howmuchwilltherobotpopulationgrowifthehumanpopulationgrowthdecreasesby3%o?

A.1%.B.2%.

C.3%.D.6%.

11.Whydoesageingcreatedemandforrobots?

A.Becauseretiredpeoplehavelowerwages.

B.Becauserobotsaresubstitutesforretiredworker.

C.Becauserobotsareunprofitableinyoungcountries.

D.Becausetheretiredneedthesamerobotstheyusedbefore.

參考答案：

8.A9.C10.D11.B

【分析】

這是一篇說明文。老齡化和機(jī)器人都是老生常談的話題了，但很少有人研究兩者的關(guān)系，

最近有學(xué)者就兩者間的關(guān)系做了研究。過去，人們常常認(rèn)為機(jī)器人的發(fā)展會(huì)導(dǎo)致就業(yè)崗位

的減少，從而導(dǎo)致大量工人下崗失業(yè)。但最新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，國家的老齡化速率每提高

10個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，每千名工人對(duì)應(yīng)的機(jī)器人數(shù)量就增加0.9個(gè)，老齡化以兩種方式創(chuàng)造了對(duì)自

動(dòng)化的需求。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。由第一段"Ageingandrobotsaremorecloselyrelatedthanyoumightthink”可

知，老齡化和機(jī)器人之間的關(guān)系比我們?yōu)檎J(rèn)的更密切。所以通過關(guān)鍵詞"moreclosely

relatedthan”推斷出，老齡化與機(jī)器人密切相關(guān)。故A選項(xiàng)正確。

【9題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。由第三段“Theauthorspositaruleofthumbaten-pointriseintheirageingrateis

associatedwith0.9extrarobotsperthousandworkers.“可知，他們認(rèn)為有這樣一項(xiàng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則：

一個(gè)國家的老齡化速率每增加10個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，每千名工人對(duì)應(yīng)的機(jī)器人口數(shù)量就會(huì)增加0.9

個(gè)。所以通過上下文語境可以判斷出，assume"假設(shè)，認(rèn)為"最能解釋第3段中加下劃線的

"posit”的意思。故C選項(xiàng)正確。

[10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“Theyfoundthatthegrowthinthenumberofrobotsperthousand

workersrisestwiceasfastasthefallinthegrowthrateofthepopulation(e.g.if)population

growthfallsby1%,thegrowthinrobotdensityrisesby2%).”可知，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，每千名工人對(duì)

應(yīng)機(jī)器人數(shù)量的增速是人口增速下降速度的兩倍(即人口增長率每下降1%,機(jī)器人密度

增長2%)。所以按照此比例進(jìn)行計(jì)算。如果人口的數(shù)量減少3%,機(jī)器人的數(shù)量就會(huì)增加

6%o故D選項(xiàng)正確。

【11題詳解】

Z田節(jié)理解題。由最后——段“First,topreventoutputfallingasmorepeopleretire,machinesare

necessarytosubstituteforthosewhohavelefttheworkforce”可知，首先，隨著越來越多的

人退休，為了防止產(chǎn)量下降，必須用機(jī)器替代減少了的勞動(dòng)力或輔助老齡工人繼續(xù)從事體

力勞動(dòng)。所以為什么老齡化會(huì)產(chǎn)生對(duì)機(jī)器人的需求是因?yàn)闄C(jī)器人是退休工人的替代品。故

B選項(xiàng)正確。

【點(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題要抓住特定信息進(jìn)行逆向或者正向推理。做此類試題要善于抓住某一

段話中的關(guān)鍵信息，即某些關(guān)鍵詞或短語去分析、推理、判斷，利用逆向思維或正面推

理，從而推斷出這句話所隱含的深層含義。

由第一段"Ageingandrobotsaremorecloselyrelatedthanyoumightthink"可知，老齡化和機(jī)

器人之間的關(guān)系比我們?yōu)檎J(rèn)的更密切。所以通過關(guān)鍵詞"morecloselyrelatedthan”推斷出，

老齡化與機(jī)器人密切相關(guān)。故小題1的正確選項(xiàng)為A選項(xiàng)。

20.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在

答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Asachild,Irememberlisteningtoasongcalled"Wonderful,

WonderfulCopenhagen.z/WhenIvisitedthecitylastyear,thatsong

keptrunningthroughmyhead,Itgotmewondering:Justwhatis

wonderfulaboutCopenhagen?

It'snotaplacefilledwithworld-famoustouristsites.Butitdoes

haveacharm（魅力）thatmakesyouwanttolinger.Youcansamplethe

food,visitthecastlesandmuseums,andlearnaboutthelifeofthe

Danes.

Stoget,theworld'slongestpedestrian（人行道）mall,runsthroughthe

centeroftheoldcity.Thisstringoflivelystreetandsquaresmakes

walkingatreat.Ihappilyexploredthemall,lookinginthewindowsof

shopsandcafes.IfollowedStogetfromthesquareinfrontofthecity

halltoNyhavn.Here,oldhousespaintedbrightcolorlslookoutovera

picturesqueharborfilledwithsailingships.Denmark，sbeloved

storytellerHansChristianAndersenlivedherewhenhewrotehisfirst

stories.

FromNyhavan,Icontinuedheadingnorth.IwantedtoseeCopenhagen，s

symbol,thestatueoftheLittleMermaid（美人魚）.Shewassetupin

honorofHansChristianAndersen，sfamousstory.AsIcontinuedmycity

tour,onethingimpressedmeallthebicycles.Ilearnedthathalfthe

populationofCopenhagenridesbikeseveryday.Only20percentof

Copenhagenersowncarsbecausethereisa180percenttaxonthem.That

certainlykeepsthecityfreeoftrafficjamsandheavypollution!It's

easytojoinallthebicyclistspedaling（騎車）throughthestreets,too.

Thecityprovidesf