2024年高考英語押題卷02（新高考專用）（解析版）

2024年高考英語押題卷02（新高考專用）注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號和座位號填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(A)填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。2.作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項的答案信息點涂黑;如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不準使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔：考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．（2023·河北衡水·河北衡水中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測）Whatisthewomangoodat?A．Singing. B．Playingthepiano. C．Playingthedrums.【答案】C【原文】M:Doyousingorplayamusicalinstrument?Thepiano,forexample?W:Well,Ididstudypianoasachild,butIgaveitup.I’mafraidIcan’tsingeither,butI’mnotbadatplayingthedrums.2．（2023·河北唐山·統(tǒng)考三模）Howmuchdidthemanpayfortheelectrickettle?A．40dollars. B．20dollars. C．10dollars.【答案】A【原文】W:Ron,yourelectrickettlelookssosmart.Itmustbeveryexpensive.M:Goodeye,Jane.Guesswhat?SinceItoldmywifeitcost20dollars,shehasbeencomplaining.ActuallythatisjusthalfofwhatIpaid.3．（2023·河北保定·統(tǒng)考二模）Whydoesthewomanhavetochangeherflight?A．Herfatherisill.B．Herflighthasbeencanceled.C．Shesuffersfromaheartattack.【答案】A【原文】M:I’veheardthatyouaremovingtoChina.Isthattrue?W:Yes.AndIhavealreadybookedtheflight,butIhavetochangemyplane.M:Why?W:Myfatherissufferingfromaheartattack.4．（2023·河北石家莊·行唐一中校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）Whatisthewomanprobably?A．Acustomer. B．Ahotelclerk. C．Ashopassistant.【答案】C【原文】W:Grandma’sBakeryHouse,whatcanIdoforyou?M:I’dliketoorderfivesandwichesandthreebagsofbread,andI’llpickthemupatfivethisafternoon.5．（2023·河北張家口·統(tǒng)考一模）Whenwillthefilmbegin?A．At2:00. B．At2:15. C．At2:20.【答案】C【原文】M:Doyouwantanicecream?W:Yes,butit’salreadyaquarterpasttwo.Thefilmwillbegininfiveminutes.M:Don’tworry.I’llbebackbeforetheopeningsongisover.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答6、7小題。（2023·江蘇·江蘇省前黃高級中學(xué)校考二模）6．Whatdidthemanuselastweekend?A．Asharedbike. B．Asharedcharger. C．Asharedumbrella.7．Whatisthewomangoingtotalkaboutnext?A．Theproperwaystousethesharingproduct.B．Herattitudetowardsthesharingeconomy.C．Theadvantagesofthesharingeconomy.【答案】6．C7．A【原文】W:Thesharingeconomyisreallyconvenientforme.M:Oh,really?W:Yes,IguessIcan’tlivewithoutit.Irideasharedbiketoworkeveryday.Andwhenmymobilephoneisdead,I’dliketousethesharedcharger.SometimeswhenitrainswhileIdon’thaveanumbrella,Iwouldrentasharedumbrella.M:Speakingofthat,IrememberthatlastweekendIwasoutsidewhenitrainedhardsuddenly.SoIusedasharedumbrella.Iheldtheumbrellaforonlytenminutesandthenitwasbroken.Ididn’tknowwhathappened.W:Oh,youpoorthing.Maybeyoudidn’tdoitintherightway.Letmeteachyou.聽第7段材料，回答8、9小題。（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考二模）8．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Bossandsecretary. B．Coachandplayer. C．Receptionistandcustomer.9．Whyistheswimmingpoolclosed?A．Itisunderdecoration.B．Itsequipmentneedsupdating.C．Todayisweeklycleaningday.【答案】8．C9．C【原文】W:Goodmorning,CrownHotel.CanIhelpyou?M:Goodmorning.thisisDavidCooper.IbookedaroomonyourappandI'mcallingtoconfirmit.W:Sure,Mr.Cooper.Ihaveseenyourreservationhere.Oneroomfortodayandtomorrow.Whenareyougoingtocheckin?M:We’llprobablyarriveat9pm.Willtheswimmingpoolbeopenthen?W:I’msorry.ThepoolisclosedeveryMondayforcleaning.Butournewlydecoratedgymopenstillmidnight.Wehavesomenewsportsequipment.M:OK.Iwillhaveatry.聽第8段材料，回答10至12小題。（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考三模）10．Whatistheflight’sdestination?A．China. B．TheUK. C．Mongolia.11．Whatwillhappenfirst?A．Themovieswillbeplayed.B．ThedrinkswillbeservedC．Thesafetyprocedureswillbeshown.12．Whoisthespeaker?A．Atourguide. B．Apassenger. C．Aflightattendant.【答案】10．B11．C12．C【原文】Hello,andwelcomeaboardflightFX223.We’llsoonbedepartingBeijing,headingwestwardovernorthernChina,Mongolia,andthenEurope.We’llhavethewindbehindusformostofthejourneywhichshouldspeedthingsup,withtheestimatedtimeofarrivalinLondonat8:23a.m.localtime.Thatmeansthejourneywillbearoundelevenhoursintotal.Therearelotsofentertainmentpackages(套餐)foryouonboardtheaircrafttoday,whichshouldmakeyourstaywithusabitmorecomfortable.Wehaveanumberofmoviestochoosefrom,andplentyofvideogamestokeepthechildrenhappy.Assoonaswe’vereachedtheheightof35,000feet,ourhard-workingcrewwillcomearoundwithallvarietiesofdrinksandsnacksforyoutochoose.Then,theywilllaterservethefirstmeal,whichIcantellyoufrompersonalexperience,isequaltothestandardofafirst-classrestaurant!Beforeallthat,pleasepayattentiontothesafetyproceduresthatourcrewareabouttodemonstrate.ThatjustleavesmetosaythankyouforchoosingContinentalAirlines.Ihopeyouhaveapleasantjourneywithustoday.聽第9段材料，回答13至16小題。（2023·湖北省直轄縣級單位·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）13．Whyisthewomanexhausted?A．Sheisrunning. B．Sheiswetintherain. C．Shedidn’tsleepwell.14．Howfardoesthewomancovereveryweek?A．Twomiles. B．Threemiles. C．Sixmiles.15．Whatistheman’shealthyhabit?A．Hehasahealthydiet.B．Hegetsenoughsleep.C．Hedoesmuchexercise.16．Whatwouldthemanliketodo?A．Cycletowork.B．Gettobedearlier.C．Gotothepooleveryday.【答案】13．A14．C15．A16．A【原文】M:Hello,there.Youlookexhausted.W:Hi.Ican’tstopforlong.Istillhaveamiletorun.M:Amile?Wow!Youreallydolakefitnessseriously.W:Everybodyshould.Evenonrainydayslikethis.M:Isupposeyou’reright.Iseealotofveryheavypeoplethesedays.W:Theyareharmingthemselvesbyeatingthewrongthingsandnotdoingexercise.M:Sohowmuchrunningdoyoudo?Wouldn’titbebettergoingtoagym?W:Gymscostmoney.Icanrunforfree.Twomilesaday,threetimesaweek-it’saneasyroutine.M:Itdoesn’tsoundeasytome.IsupposeIshoulddosomeexerciseandgetenoughsleepaswell.Iseldomgetmyfulleighthours.W:Youreallyshould.M:Ontheplusside,I’mahealthyeater.Ieatplentyofvegetablesandjustalittlemeat.W:Atleastyouaremakinganeffort.Withafewsmallchanges,youcouldhaveahealthylifestyle.M:You’reright.Ican’tdomuchaboutmybedtimes,butfromtomorrowIamgoingtotraveltoworkonmybike.W:Swimmingisgoodexerciseaswell.M:MaybeI’llcheckoutthelocalpoolsometime.W:Ipromiseyouwillfeelsomuchbetter.聽第10段材料，回答17至20小題小題。（2023·湖北黃岡·黃岡中學(xué)?？级＃?7．Whatdayisittoday?A．Tuesday. B．Thursday. C．Friday.18．WhatdoesChloethinkoftheman’sidea?A．Great. B．Terrible. C．So-so.19．Whatdothespeakersdecidetobuyasagift?A．ATVset. B．Asmartphone. C．Alaptop.20．WhatwillChloedothisafternoon?A．Workoutinagym. B．Goshopping. C．Playonlinegames.【答案】17．B18．B19．C20．A【原文】M:Whatdayisittoday,Chloe?W:Fridaymaybe?Oh,no.It’sThursday.Why?M:Hmm,Dad’sbirthdayisnextTuesday,whichmeanswe’veonlygotafewdaystoprepareagiftforhim.W:Sowhatdoyouhaveinmind?M:I’mthinkingofbuyinghimamotorcycle.He’llbeexcited.W:Yeah,lettinga75-year-oldrideamotorcycleontheroadandpretendinghedoesn’thaveaheartcondition—it’ssuchabrilliantidea.M:Uh,what’syoursuggestionthen?W:Well,wegothimanewTVsetonhis73rdbirthday,andlastyearweboughtasmartphoneforhim.Maybethisyearwecangethimalaptop.It’sgoodforoldpeopletokeepintouchwithhightech.M:Well,I’mnotagainstthat.W:Great.Let’sgotothedepartmentstorethisafternoonandmakethepurchase.M:ButIhaveplanstoplaygamesonlinewithmyfriends.Can’twedoitthisweekend?W:Alright.ThenI’lljustgotothegyminstead.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A（2023·湖北荊門·荊門市龍泉中學(xué)校考三模）DolphinWatchingAboardtheRudeeFlipperLookingforthelongestrunningandmostexperienceddolphincruse(航行)companyattheVirginiaBeachResortarea?YouhavefounditatRudeetours!AdolphincruiseaboardtheRudeeFlipperistheessentialtripforfun-seekingvacationers.EachtourisnarratedbyourexpertswhoarereadytosharetheirknowledgeandansweryourquestionsaboutthedolphinsandtheVirginiaBeachcoastline.Ourcruiseboatfeaturesupperandlowersightseeinglevelsandwindowsthatprovidea360-degreerangefortheultimateviewingexperience.TheRudeeFlipperisa65-footlong,28-footwideSouthSeaCatamaran.TheRudeeFlipperisequippedwithtworestrooms,aclimate-controlledcabin,disabledaccessibility,andasnackbarwithhotandcoldfoodoffered.Schedule:Wednesdays,Fridays,Mondays:2pmSaturdays,Sundays:11am,2pmPrices:Adults:$23.00Children11andunder:$17.00Children3andunder:FreeDuration:90minutesDressfortheweather!Itcanbeslightlycooleroutonthewaterespeciallyinthespring,fall,andwinter.Wemayhavetocanceltripsduetohighwinds,butourcruiseswillstillgowhenitisraining.GuaranteedSightingsWesincerelycareaboutyourexperienceanddoeverythingthatwecantoensuresightings.Whileweunderstandthatwildlifecanbesomewhatunpredictable,ifourexpertteamisunabletolocateanydolphinsonyourtripsaboardtheRudeeFlipper,youcanrideagainwithusforfree.21．WhatdoweknowaboutdolphincruisesatRudeeTours?A．TheyareavailableeverydayexceptonTuesdays.B．Theylastforovertwohoursoneachjourney.C．Thereareprofessionalguidesonboard.D．Therearenoarrangementsonrainydays.22．WhatcanbelearnedabouttheRudeeFlipper?A．Itoutshinestheotherlocalboats. B．Itoffersdoublesightseeinglevels.C．Itisequippedwiththreerestrooms. D．Itisspeciallydesignedforthedisabled.23．Howmuchshouldacouplewiththeir9-year-oldchildpayfortheirtour?A．$17.00. B．$23.00. C．$46.00. D．$63.00.【答案】21．C22．B23．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了RudeeFlipper海豚觀光之旅的特色、時間和費用等。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“EachtourisnarratedbyourexpertswhoarereadytosharetheirknowledgeandansweryourquestionsaboutthedolphinsandtheVirginiaBeachcoastline.”（每次旅行都由我們的專家講述，他們準備分享他們的知識，并回答您關(guān)于海豚和弗吉尼亞海灘海岸線的問題。）可知，船上有專業(yè)導(dǎo)游，他們會分享他們的知識并回答游客的問題，由此可知，RudeeTours的海豚巡游中船上有專業(yè)導(dǎo)游。故選C項。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Ourcruiseboatfeaturesupperandlowersightseeinglevelsandwindowsthatprovidea360-degreerangefortheultimateviewingexperience.”（我們的游輪設(shè)有上下觀光層和窗戶，可提供360度范圍的終極觀賞體驗。）可知，游輪設(shè)有上下兩個觀光層，由此可知，RudeeFlipper提供雙層觀光層。故選B項。23．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Prices”部分關(guān)鍵句“Adults:$23.00”（成人：23美元）和“Children11andunder:$17.00”（11歲及以下兒童：17美元）可知，成人每人23美元，9歲兒童每人17美元，經(jīng)過簡單計算可知，一對帶著9歲孩子的夫婦應(yīng)該為他們的旅行支付：23*2+17=63美元。故選D項。B（2023·湖北·華中師大一附中校考模擬預(yù)測）Formostgraduatingstudents,thecollege-admissionseason,usuallyinJulyandAugust,isanervoustimethatisoftendescribedasalife-changingmoment.Ananxious18-year-oldPengLanxigothisadmissionletterfromHunanUniversityofScienceandTechnologyonJuly26,bringinghisdreamcloser-makingprostheticlimbs(假肢)moreadvancedandaccessibletopeoplelikehim.HismotherWangChunmeicouldn’tholdbackhertearsbecausesheknewhowhersonhadovercomethedifficulties.PengLanxilosthislegsinacaraccidentin2005,whenhewasababy.Havinglearnedtowalkusingjusthishands,heenjoyslifeasmuchastheteenagersaroundhim.Onhiswheelchair,heplaysbasketballandbadminton.Onceaweek,hegoesfora40-minuteswim,andhisbesttimefor100metersisoneminuteand15seconds.“Ibelievethatobstacles(障礙)aretheretobeconquered.Someonesaysthatlifeislikeamirror,andwegetthebestresultswhenwesmileatit,”PengLanxisays.Hisstoryhasgoneviral(在網(wǎng)上快速傳播的)onsocialmediaplatformSinaWeibo,whichhasbeenviewedmorethan19milliontimesandhewonadmirationfromitsusersforhiscourage,determinationandhardwork.AusernamedShuangpicommentsthatPenglosthislegs,buthedoesn’tletthatgetinhisway.TheofficialaccountofHunanUniversityofScienceandTechnologyontheplatformhasevencommented,“WelcomePengtotheuniversity.”LuMingsaysthattheschoolwillhelpPengtopursuehisdream—tobeaprostheticsengineer,acareerthatwillchangelives.Pengisnotalone,asauthoritieshaveimprovedthepresenceofdisabledpeopleonmainstreamcampusesinrecentyears.14,559studentsfacingphysicalchallengesenteredcollegelastyear.From2016to2020,about57,500specialneedsstudentswereadmittedintouniversities,amorethan50percentincreasecomparedwiththe2011-2015period.24．WhydidWangChunmeiburstintotears?A．Hersoncanactlikeahealthyperson. B．Herson’sachievementwasashocktoher.C．Hersonsucceededaftertoomuchdifficulty. D．Shehopedtoputonprostheticlimbsforherson.25．WhatcanweknowaboutPengLanxifromthethirdparagraph?A．Hisbitterchildhood. B．Hisgameexperience.C．Hispositiveattitudetolife. D．Hispreferenceforvarioussports.26．WhatcausedPengLanxitobepopular?A．Hismother. B．Histalents. C．Hishardwork. D．Shuangpi’scomment.27．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．LuMingwasonceinchargeofadmission.B．Prostheticsengineerscanfindjobsmucheasier.C．Disabledpeopleatuniversitiesarelookeddownon.D．BeingadmittedintotheuniversitywillcontributetoPengLanxi’sfuture.【答案】24．C25．C26．C27．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位被湖南科技大學(xué)錄取的身殘志堅的少年的事跡。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“HismotherWangChunmeicouldn’tholdbackhertearsbecausesheknewhowhersonhadovercomethedifficulties.(他的母親王春梅止不住淚水，因為她知道兒子是如何克服困難的。)”可推斷，她流淚是因為兒子歷經(jīng)磨難后取得了成功。故選C。25．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“PengLanxilosthislegsinacaraccidentin2005,whenhewasababy.Havinglearnedtowalkusingjusthishands,heenjoyslifeasmuchastheteenagersaroundhim.Onhiswheelchair,heplaysbasketballandbadminton.Onceaweek,hegoesfora40-minuteswim,andhisbesttimefor100metersisoneminuteand15seconds.(彭蘭溪在2005年的一場車禍中失去了雙腿，當(dāng)時他還是個嬰兒。在學(xué)會只用雙手走路后，他和周圍的青少年一樣享受生活。他坐在輪椅上打籃球和羽毛球。他每周游泳一次，每次40分鐘，100米的最佳時間是1分15秒。)”可知，本段主要說明的是彭蘭溪積極的生活態(tài)度。故選C。26．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“HisstoryhasgoneviralonsocialmediaplatformSinaWeibo,whichhasbeenviewedmorethan19milliontimesandhewonadmirationfromitsusersforhiscourage,determinationandhardwork.(他的故事在社交媒體平臺新浪微博上瘋傳，點擊量超過1900萬次，他的勇氣、決心和努力贏得了用戶的欽佩。)”可知，他的努力讓他受到歡迎。故選C。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“LuMingsaysthattheschoolwillhelpPengtopursuehisdream-tobeaprostheticsengineer,acareerthatwillchangelives.(陸明表示，這所學(xué)校將幫助彭實現(xiàn)他的夢想——成為一名假肢工程師，這將改變他的生活。)”可推斷，被大學(xué)錄取將對彭蘭溪的未來有利。故選D。C（2023·福建泉州·統(tǒng)考一模）Afterbeingdriventonearextinction,wolvesarebackinWashingtonstate.Wolf32M,calledTheOldGuybywolfspecialistBenMaletzke,livedsome12yearsasthepatriarch(族長)oftheTeanawayPack,kickingofftherecoveryofwolvesinWashington.Thepack’sterritorywasroastedbywildfirein2014.Butwolf32Mandhisfamilyremainedinexistence,bringingthecallofthewildbackforthefirsttimeinacentury.ThesewolvesarewhatMaletzkecallssteppingstonesinrecovery—theanimalsthatcouldhelpleadthewaytonewterritorynotyetrepopulatedbywolves.Wolvesspreadtonewterritorytofindmatesandbeginpacksoftheirown.Itisthispackdynamicthatwildlifebiologistsarecountingon,intime,tourgewolvesintoareaswheretheydonotpresentlylive.“Wejustneedacoupletopickupandgo,”Maletzkesays.Allalong,theTeanawaypackhasstayedmostlyoutoftroubleprobably,helpedbyalotofrangeriding(牧區(qū)巡邏)intendedtohelpreduceconflictsoverwolfrecoverybykeepingwolvesawayfromcattle.“Heisanexampleofwolveslivinganddoingwhattheydo,evenaroundpeople,”Maletzkesaysofwolf32M.StoryWarren,astudentattheUniversityofMontana,wasjustagirlwhenshefirstsaw32M’stracksintheTeanawayRiverValley—anexcitingencounterthathelpedgenerateaseriousinterestinwildlifethatnowfuelsherstudies.Toher,thereturnofthewolfisaboutmorethanthespecies;itisaboutrecoveringsomethingevenbigger:hope.“Growingupinmygeneration,thereissomuchbadecologicalnews,alotofhopelessnessaboutclimatechangeandlossofbiodiversityandextinctions,”Warrensays,“TohavesomethingaswildaswolvescomingbacktoWashingtonisveryencouragingforme—justtoknowsuchanamazingandpowerfulcreatureexists.”28．WhydoesMaletzkecallWolf32Mfamily“steppingstones”?A．Theyarenearlydyingout. B．Theyarevictimsofwildfire.C．Theyareworthprotection. D．Theyarepioneersinwolfrecovery.29．Whatfunctiondoesparagraph3serve?A．Topresentaresult. B．Toclarifyaconcept.C．Toofferanexplanation. D．Tomakeaprediction30．WhatcanbelearnedfromtheexampleoftheTeanawaypack?A．Wolvesfacealotoftrouble.B．Wolfrecoverycountsonitspopulation.C．Certainmeasurestoensurecattlesafetyarerequired.D．Wolvesshouldbeforbiddenfromhumanresidence.31．WhatdoesWarrenthinkofthecomingbackofwolves?A．Itfuelsmorestudiesonwildlife. B．Itclearsupbadecologicalnews.C．Itworsensclimatechange. D．Itexciteshopefortheecosystem.【答案】28．D29．C30．C31．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了華盛頓州狼群的恢復(fù)。狼群在近乎滅絕后重新回到了華盛頓州。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThesewolvesarewhatMaletzkecallssteppingstonesinrecovery—theanimalsthatcouldhelpleadthewaytonewterritorynotyetrepopulatedbywolves.”（這些狼被Maletzke稱為恢復(fù)的墊腳石——這些動物可以幫助引領(lǐng)通往尚未被狼重新居住的新領(lǐng)域。）可知，Maletzke稱Wolf32M家族為“墊腳石”是因為它們是狼群恢復(fù)的先驅(qū)。故選D項。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Wolvesspreadtonewterritorytofindmatesandbeginpacksoftheirown.Itisthispackdynamicthatwildlifebiologistsarecountingon,intime,tourgewolvesintoareaswheretheydonotpresentlylive.“Wejustneedacoupletopickupandgo,”Maletzkesays.”（狼擴散到新的領(lǐng)地去尋找配偶并開始自己的族群。野生動物生物學(xué)家正指望著狼群的這種動態(tài)，及時地敦促狼群進入它們目前不生活的地區(qū)。馬萊茨克說：“我們只需要一對狼夫婦到另一個地方擴大族群?！保┛赏浦谌蔚淖饔檬翘峁┮粋€解釋——狼擴散到新的領(lǐng)地去尋找配偶并開始自己的族群這一動態(tài)。故選C項。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Allalong,theTeanawaypackhasstayedmostlyoutoftroubleprobably,helpedbyalotofrangeriding(牧區(qū)巡邏)intendedtohelpreduceconflictsoverwolfrecoverybykeepingwolvesawayfromcattle.”（一直以來，Teanaway狼群基本上沒有遇到麻煩，這可能得益于大量的放牧活動，這些活動旨在通過讓狼遠離牛群來減少狼群恢復(fù)的沖突。）可推知，從這個例子中可以學(xué)習(xí)到需要采取某些措施確保牛群的安全。故選C項。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Toher,thereturnofthewolfisaboutmorethanthespecies;itisaboutrecoveringsomethingevenbigger:hope.”（對她來說，狼的回歸不僅僅是關(guān)于物種;而是要找回更大的東西：希望。）可知，Warren認為狼的回歸激發(fā)了人們對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的希望。故選D項。D（2023·福建泉州·福建省德化第一中學(xué)校聯(lián)考一模）Inarecentstudy,researchersburnedscentedcandles(香薰蠟燭)inseveralrooms—rangingfromasmallbathroommeasuring6by6by9feettoalivingroommeasuring15by15by9feet—andthenusedspecialinstrumentstodeterminewhatwasreleasedintotheair.Theyfoundthatwhilesomecancer-causingchemicalswereproduced,thehighestlevelsmeasuredafterfourhoursofcontinuousburningwerelessthanhalfashighastherecommendedindoorairqualitylimitssetbytheWorldHealthOrganization.Thisledthestudyauthorstoconcludethatundernormalconditions,scentedcandleswon’tposeanyhealthrisks.It’simportanttonotethatonlyasmallnumberofstudieshavelookedintothehealtheffectsofburningscentedcandles.Andmost,includingthisone,wereconductedbyresearcherssponsoredbythecandleindustry,buthealthauthoritieshaveclaimedthattheauthorsfindingsaresolid.“Whencandlesburn,theyreleasechemicalsinrelativelyinsignificantconcentrations,”saidPamelaDalton,aresearcherattheMonellChemicalSensesCenterinPhiladelphia.“Theamountofunpleasantmaterialsproducedingeneralisontheorderofafewpartspermillionorevenpartsperbillion,whichislikepouringateaspoon’sworthofachemicalintoanOlympic-sizedswimmingpool.”“Exposuretochemicalsreleasedbyscentedcandlesissolowthattheyposenosignificantrisktohumanhealth,”saidNikaetaSadekar,anexpertwiththenonprofitResearchInstituteforFragranceMaterials.“Eventhehighestusersofscentedcandlesarenotputtingthemselvesatanyconsiderableriskofharm.”AccordingtoDr.Dalton,humanscandetectapleasantsmellatverylowconcentrations.“We’vebeentoldthatwe’reatthelowendoftheanimalkingdomintermsofbeingabletodetectvarioussmells.That’sjustnottrue,”shesaid.“Ournosecanoftensmellthingsintheairevenwhentheyarebarelythere.Whenwesmellsomething,itjustsmellsstrong.Wetendtoautomaticallyassumethatwhatwe’rebreathingrepresentsahighconcentration.Andveryoftenthat’snotthecase.”32．Whatdidresearchersdoaftertheyburnedscentedcandles?A．Theyremovedsomecancer-causingchemicals.B．Theyusedinstrumentstocleantheairforhours.C．Theycheckedtoseewhichonelastedthelongest.D．Theymeasuredairqualityinroomsofvarioussizes33．Whatdoestheauthortellusaboutthestudy’sconclusion?A．Ithasbeensupportedbyofficials.B．Itisbasedonunsponsoredresearch.C．Itmaybemisleadingforthecandleindustry.D．Itgoesagainstfindingsfrompreviousstudies.34．WhichstatementwouldDaltonandSadekaragreewith?A．ItisabitriskytoburnscentedcandlesinsmallroomsB．Somenewtypesofscentedcandlesarecancer-causingC．Itisquitesafetousescentedcandlesonaregularbasis.D．Burningscentedcandleswon’tproduceunpleasantmaterials35．WhatdidDaltonsayabouthumansenseofsmell?A．Itneedstobeimproved. B．Itisverysensitive.C．Ithasbeengenerallypoor. D．Itisoftenchangeable.【答案】32．D33．A34．C35．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了研究證明，香薰蠟燭雖然會產(chǎn)生一些致癌化學(xué)物質(zhì)，但連續(xù)燃燒四小時后測得的最高水平還不到世界衛(wèi)生組織建議的室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量限值的一半，因此在正常情況下，香薰蠟燭不會造成任何健康風(fēng)險。32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Inarecentstudy,researchersburnedscentedcandles(香薰蠟燭)inseveralrooms—rangingfromasmallbathroommeasuring6by6by9feettoalivingroommeasuring15by15by9feet—andthenusedspecialinstrumentstodeterminewhatwasreleasedintotheair.(在最近的一項研究中，研究人員在幾個房間里燃燒有香味的蠟燭——從6×6×9英尺的小浴室到15×15×9英尺的客廳——然后用特殊的儀器來確定釋放到空氣中的是什么)”和“Theyfoundthatwhilesomecancer-causingchemicalswereproduced,thehighestlevelsmeasuredafterfourhoursofcontinuousburningwerelessthanhalfashighastherecommendedindoorairqualitylimitssetbytheWorldHealthOrganization.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然會產(chǎn)生一些致癌化學(xué)物質(zhì)，但連續(xù)燃燒四小時后測得的最高水平還不到世界衛(wèi)生組織建議的室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量限值的一半)”可知，研究者們在不同尺寸的房間點燃蠟燭后，測量了各房間的空氣質(zhì)量。故選D。33．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Andmost,includingthisone,wereconductedbyresearcherssponsoredbythecandleindustry,buthealthauthoritieshaveclaimedthattheauthorsfindingsaresolid.(大多數(shù)，包括這一項，都是由蠟燭行業(yè)贊助的研究人員進行的，但衛(wèi)生當(dāng)局聲稱，作者的發(fā)現(xiàn)是可靠的)”可知，衛(wèi)生局認為研究結(jié)果是可靠的，說明這一結(jié)論得到了官方支持。故選A。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Dalton說的話“Whencandlesburn,theyreleasechemicalsinrelativelyinsignificantconcentrations,(當(dāng)蠟燭燃燒時，它們釋放的化學(xué)物質(zhì)濃度相對較小)”和“Theamountofunpleasantmaterialsproducedingeneralisontheorderofafewpartspermillionorevenpartsperbillion,whichislikepouringateaspoon’sworthofachemicalintoanOlympic-sizedswimmingpool.(總的來說，產(chǎn)生的令人不快的物質(zhì)的數(shù)量大約是百萬分之幾，甚至是十億分之一，這就像把一茶匙的化學(xué)物質(zhì)倒進奧運會規(guī)模的游泳池一樣)”及第四段Sadekar說的話“Exposuretochemicalsreleasedbyscentedcandlesissolowthattheyposenosignificantrisktohumanhealth,(香薰蠟燭釋放的化學(xué)物質(zhì)的暴露量非常低，不會對人體健康構(gòu)成重大風(fēng)險)”和“Eventhehighestusersofscentedcandlesarenotputtingthemselvesatanyconsiderableriskofharm.(即使是香薰蠟燭的重度使用者也不會將自己置于任何相當(dāng)大的傷害風(fēng)險之中)”可推知，Dalton和Sadekar認為常規(guī)使用香薰蠟燭對人體健康沒有危害，是非常安全的。故選C。35．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“AccordingtoDr.Dalton,humanscandetectapleasantsmellatverylowconcentrations.(Dalton博士認為，人類可以在非常低的濃度下聞到令人愉快的氣味)”和Dalton所說的話中“Ournosecanoftensmellthingsintheairevenwhentheyarebarelythere.Whenwesmellsomething,itjustsmellsstrong.(我們的鼻子經(jīng)常能聞到空氣中的東西，即使它們幾乎不存在，當(dāng)我們聞到某種氣味時，它聞起來就很強烈了)”可知，Dalton提到了人類的嗅覺是非常敏感的。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（2024·浙江·模擬預(yù)測）A2021reportfromHabitatforHumanityInternationalfoundthatSDG11.1wasactuallyregressing.Weareseeingstagnationinsteadofprogresstowardthegoal.Governmentsmustprioritizeadequatehousing,especiallyforthosestrugglingtosurviveintoday’sovercrowdedsettlements.36Herearethreestepsthatgovernments—andleadersinboththepublicandprivatesectors—cantaketoalleviatethisgrowinghousingcrisis:1.Prioritizelandtenure(占有)securityEnsureresidentsofinformalsettlementshavesecurerightstothelandtheyinhabit.ThishasalreadyhappenedonalargescaleincountriessuchasHonduras,wherecivilsocietyorganizationsandgovernmentscametogethertoformdiversecommissionsthatdevelopedpolicyrecommendationsaroundhousingandland,negotiatingapprovaloftherecommendationsandthenmonitoringtheirimplementation.37.2.38ForresidentsofFreetown’sinformalsettlementsandcountlessothercities,traditionalavenuesofhousingfinancearesimplynotaccessible.39Theyexhibitsimilarcharacteristicstotraditionalmortgageloans,buttheirsmallersizehelpsmakethemmoreaccessibletofamilieswithlowerincomes.3.Strengthenclimate-resilienthousing40.Thepublicandprivatesectorscanworktogethertosupportandinvestincommunitystart-upsspecializinginlow-cost,climate-resilienthomesandlocallysourcedbuildingmaterials.Forexample,anNGObasedinSierraLeone,HomeLeone,hasoverthepast5yearsbeendevelopingaffordablehousingutilizinglow-costconstructiontechniques,andprovidingfacilitiestomeetthebasicneedsofcommunitiesandanintegratedapproachtohousingdevelopmentforlow-incomecommunities.Wemustactnowtopaveastrongerfoundationforthemorethan10billionpeopleexpectedtoinhabitourcitiesby2050.Thisstartswiththeurgentimprovementofhousinginrapidlyexpandinginformalsettlementsworldwide.Thislong-overdueinvestmentwillmorethanpayforitselfbybuildingmoreprosperousandequitablecommunitiesforgenerationstocome.A．ExpandfinanceforhousingB．RevolutionizemortgageloansC．InformalsettlementsarehighlyvulnerabletotheimpactsofclimatechangeD．Thatmeansincreasingfinancialcommitmentsbyanorderofmagnitudeandmakingmeaningfulpolicychanges.E．Butthesituationhaschangedalot.F．Throughtheirtechnicalassistance,morethan1millionpeoplehaveimprovedaccesstotheirlandrightsG．Microloansofferhopebyprovidingindividualswiththemeanstoaccesscapitalforhousingimprovementsandupgrades.【答案】36．D37．F38．A39．G40．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。國際人居中心2021年的一份報告發(fā)現(xiàn)，可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)11.1實際上正在倒退。我們看到的是停滯不前，而不是朝著目標(biāo)前進。本文針對這一問題提出了幾個建議。36．根據(jù)上文“Governmentsmustprioritizeadequatehousing,especiallyforthosestrugglingtosurviveintoday’sovercrowdedsettlements.(