人教版中考英語一輪復習課件：九年級全一冊Units+7－8

九年級全一冊Units7－81．safety(n.)→______

(adj.)安全的；無危險的→_______

(adv.)安全地2．hug(v.)→____________

(過去式/過去分詞)擁抱；摟抱3．regret(v.)→__________(過去式/過去分詞)→____________(現(xiàn)在分詞)感到遺憾；懊悔4．educate(v.)→____________(n.)教育→____________

(n.)教育者→____________(adj.)有教育意義的safesafelyhuggedregrettedregrettingeducationeducatoreducational5．enter(v.)→___________(n.)入口6．choice(n.)→_________

(v.)選擇；挑選7．valuable(adj.)→________(n.)價值8．uneasy(adj.)→_______(反義詞)安逸的→________(近義詞)擔心的9．noise(n.)→_________(adj.)吵鬧的10．wolf(n.)→_________

(復數(shù))11．suit(v.)→____________

(adj.)合適的12．express(v.)→____________

(n.)表情；表示；表達方式entrancechoosevalueeasyworriednoisywolvessuitableexpression13．leader(n.)→_______

(v.)帶路；領路14．history(n.)→____________

(adj.)(有關)歷史的→____________

(n.)歷史學家；史學工作者15．medical(adj.)→____________

(n.)藥；醫(yī)學16．manage(v.)→____________

(n.)經理；經營者17．policeman(n.)→____________

(復數(shù))18．burial(n.)→_________

(v.)埋葬leadhistoricalhistorianmedicinemanagerpolicemenbury1．_____________兼職工作2．_____________回嘴；頂嘴3．________________避免接近；遠離4．______________________自己做決定

5．_____________擋……的路；妨礙6．____________追逐；追趕7．______________同時；一起part-timejobtalkbackkeep...awayfrommakeone'sowndecisiongetinthewayrunafteratthesametime8．___________________被允許做某事9．_____________________打耳洞10．__________不行11．________________以某種方式12．________________對……感到興奮13．_______________回憶14．___________外出逗留beallowedtodosth.getone'searspiercednowayinacertainwaybeexcitedaboutthinkbackto…stayout15．_________________在校隊16．__________________不反對

17．__________________對……是認真的18．____________不知道19．____________________阻止某人做某事20．____________指出ontheschoolteamhavenothingagainstbeseriousaboutsth.havenoideastopsb.fromdoingsth.pointout

規(guī)則1．Doyouthinkwemust______________________theInternet?你認為我們必須讓青少年遠離網絡嗎？2．Parentsshould___________________________________________．父母應該給青少年自己做決定的機會。keepteenagersawayfrom

giveteenagerschancestomaketheirowndecisions3．Theirparentsbelievethattheyshould______________________________________fromayoungage.他們的父母認為應該教育他們從小要照顧好自己。4．Parents________________________teenagers.父母不應該對青少年過于嚴厲。beeducatedtotakecareofthemselvesshouldnotbetoostrictwith

1．含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)(shouldbeallowedto)(P219)2．情態(tài)動詞must，might，could與can't表推測(P211)1．manage◆熟義：(v.)完成(困難的事)；應付(困難局面)◆生義：Weshouldlearntomanagepocketmoneyandspenditintherightway.[外研]____________

(v.)管理；支配2．field◆熟義：(n.)田野；場地◆生義：NowadaysChinahasmadegreatachievementsinmanyfields.[冀教]____________

(n.)領域3．support◆熟義：(n.&v．)支持◆補充詞義：A．(v.)支撐B．(v.)養(yǎng)活；贍養(yǎng)；供養(yǎng)；維持①Hismotherfounditdifficulttosupportthelargefamily.(2017安徽完形A)_________②Whenyoucutthestring(線)，itwouldnotsupportthekite._________BA4．circle◆熟義：(n.)圓圈(v.)圈出◆生義：A.(n.)圈子B．(v.)圍繞；將……圈起來①That'senoughtocircletheEarthtwice.[譯林牛津]_______②Daybyday，Ilearnttotrustpeople，andtheyincludedmeintheircircleoffriends.[外研]________BA5．express◆熟義：(v.)表示；表達◆補充詞義：A．(n.)特快列車B．(n.)快件服務；快遞服務；快運服務Anexpressisafastbusorcoachwhichgoesfromoneplacetoanotherdirectly.________A1．(2023·安徽)Idon'tr____________(后悔)manythingsaboutmyschooldays,fortheyarejustpartofmylife.答案：regret2．(2022·安徽)Youwon'tfullyexperiencethecultureofaforeigncountry____________

yougothereinperson.A．because B．unlessC．assoonas D．aslongas答案：B3．(2022·安徽一模改編)Theracedriver__________theAfaRomeoteamforthe2022season.A．wouldjoin B．hasjoinedC．joins D．wasjoining答案：B4．—Wouldyoumindshowingmehowtoopenmicro-blog?—Sure.It'sapieceofcake.Doit____________．A．intheway B．inthiswayC．bytheway D．ontheway答案：B[例句呈現(xiàn)]Iregrettalkingback，notlisteningtoMom.我后悔還嘴，沒有聽媽媽的話?？键c1regret的用法1．(2023·安徽模擬預測)—Finally,Iunderstandourparents.Andforustheywantedonlythebest.—Ican'tagreemore.Ialsoregret____________

，notlisteningtothem.A.puttingback B．givingbackC.talkingback D．thinkingback答案：C2．—Iregret____________

youthatyoufailedtheexam.—HowIregret____________

somuchtimehangingoutwithfriends!A．telling；spending B．telling；tospendC．totell；spending D．totell；tospend答案：C[歸納拓展]與此用法相同的常見動詞還有forget和remember。forget/remember＋todosth.忘記/記得要做某事(未做)，forget/remember＋doingsth.忘記/記得做過某事(已做)。[例句呈現(xiàn)]Everyyearitreceivesmorethan750，000visitors.每年那里都會迎來超過75萬名游客?？键c2receive與accept的辨析1．(2023·安徽C20教育聯(lián)盟二模)—It'salittledifficultforusyoungpeopleto____________

someadvicefromtheelderly.—Yes.Butifyoudo，you'llfindithelpful.A.refuse B．acceptC.keep D．change答案：B2．—Thisisforyou，Lily.—I'msohappyto_________yourpresent，aunt.ButIcan't___________

it.It'stooexpensive.A.receive；receive B．accept；receiveC.receive；accept D．accept；accept答案：Creceive與accept的辨析單詞用法例句receive意為“收到”，僅指接到、收到這一客觀事實，不表示主觀上是否愿意接受IreceivedaletterfromNewYork.我收到一封從紐約寄來的信。accept意為“接受”，強調主動或自愿地接受，或者經過考慮后接受Wegavehimapresent，buthedidnotacceptit.我們送給他一件禮物，但他沒有接受。[圖解助記][一言辨異]表示“接見；接待”時，要用receive，而不用accept。Shewaswarmlyreceived.她受到了熱情接待。[例句呈現(xiàn)]Iattendedaconcertyesterdaysoitmightstillbeinthemusichall.我昨天參加了一場音樂會，所以它(書包)可能還在音樂廳?？键c3“參加，加入”的不同1．(2023·安徽專題練習)—Wouldyouplease____________

themeetinginsteadofme,Cindy?—I'llbegladto,butIhaveanafter-classactivityto____________

．A.join；attend B．takepartin；joininC.attend；takepartin D．attend；join答案：C2．(2022·安徽專題練習)AlotofathleteswenttoBeijingto____________

theOlympicWinterGames.A.takepartin B．takeprideinC.takein D．takeoff答案：A3．Manystudents____________

thegroupdiscussionandtheyfounditagoodwaytostudyingroups.A．joined B．joinedinC．tookpartin D．entered答案：Battend，join，joinin與takepartin的辨析單詞(短語)用法attend及物動詞，指參加會議、典禮；去上學、上課、聽報告等。常用詞組：attendameeting/school/one'slecturejoin指加入某個黨派、團體、組織等，并成為其成員之一和某人一起做某事，其結構為：joinsb.或joinsb.in(doing)sth.joinin多指參加小規(guī)模的活動，如：球賽、游戲等，常用于日?？谡Ztakepartin指參加會議或群眾性活動等，著重說明句子主語參加該項活動并在活動中發(fā)揮積極作用[例句呈現(xiàn)]Sixteen-year-oldsshouldn'tbeallowedtogettheirearspierced.16歲的青少年不應該被允許穿耳洞。

考點4

“get/have＋名詞/代詞＋過去分詞”結構1．Thereissomethingwrongwithmyfather'scomputer.Hewantstohavesomeone____________

itandhaveit____________

．A．check；repair B．check；repairedC．checked；repaired D．checked；repair答案：B2．—Thereissomethingwrongwithmybike.I'llhaveit____________

tomorrow.—WhynothaveUncleLiu____________

it?A.repaired；repair B．repairing；repairedC.repair；repaired D．repaired；repairing答案：A1．gettheirearspierced意為“穿耳洞”，此處pierced是動詞pierce的過去分詞形式。2．“get/have＋名詞/代詞＋過去分詞”結構，意為“讓某事被做”，其中過去分詞作賓語補足語，表示被動意義，與賓語之間存在邏輯上的被動關系。[歸納拓展](1)havesth.done意為“讓某事被做”，其中過去分詞與賓語(sth.)之間存在邏輯上的被動關系。(2)havesb.dosth.意為“讓某人做某事”，其中動詞原形與賓語(sb.)之間存在邏輯上的主動關系。[圖解助記]Tomishavinghisbikerepaired.湯姆正在(請人)修自行車。[例句呈現(xiàn)]Butsometimesthesecangetinthewayoftheirschoolwork...有時這些(愛好)會妨礙他們的學業(yè)……考點5getinthewayof以及way的相關短語1．(2023·安慶期末改編)—Mom,canIgetmyearspierced?Itmustlookcool!—____________

You'reaschoolgirl,afterall.A.It'suptoyou. B．Takeyourtime.C.Soundsgood. D．Noway!答案：D2．—____________

，howisyourgrandfathernow?—Heisfine.Healwaysexercisesinthepark.A.Intheway B．OnthewayC.Bytheway D．Inthisway答案：C3．Canyoutellme____________

therailwaystation?A.whereis B．howcanIgettoC.thewayto答案：Cgetinthewayof意為“擋……的路；礙事”。inthe/one'sway也意為“妨礙；擋著……的路?！盕redtriedtogettothedoor，butthetablewasintheway.弗雷德想到門口去，但是桌子擋住了他的路。Theboxstandsinmyway.這個箱子擋了我的路。[歸納拓展]way短語小結inaway在某種程度上outoftheway不礙事；不擋道ontheway在……的路上；在途中bytheway順便提一下alltheway一直；沿路noway沒門；不可能[例句呈現(xiàn)]Hemightberunningtocatchabustowork.他也許正跑著趕公交車去上班。考點6mightbedoing結構和catch的用法1．Thetwinswereheardplayingtheguitaratthistimethedaybeforeyesterday.Ithinkthey____________

fortheartfestivalthesedays.A.mightbepreparingB.mightpreparingC.mightbeprepareD.mightbeprepared答案：A2．Willyoupleasesayitagain？I____________

youthen.A.didn'tcatch B．haven'tcaughtC.wasn'tcatching D．don'tcatch答案：A3．—Doyoualwaysgetupsoearly?—Yes，____________

thefirstbus.Myhomeisfarawayfromschool.A.catch B．tocatchC.catching D．caught答案：B1．該句謂語部分為mightbedoing結構。情態(tài)動詞must，could，might和can't后可用現(xiàn)在進行時，表示對現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作或說話瞬間(或現(xiàn)在)的情況的推測。Hemight/couldbeplayingbasketballnow.他現(xiàn)在可能正在打籃球。2．catch作動詞，意為“捕獲；接?。悔s上；染上(疾病)”，其過去式和過去分詞是caught，caught。Atlastwecaughtthethiefwhotookawaymanybikes.最后我們抓住了那個偷了很多自行車的賊。[圖解助記]【選自九(全)Unit7SectionB2b】(改編)train，beseriousabout，practice，endup，choosegetinthewayof，chance，asmuchasShouldIBeAllowedtoMakeMyOwnDecisions?Manyteenagershavehobbies.Butsometimesthesecan1._________________theirschoolwork，andparentsmightworryabouttheirsuccessatschool.Teenagersoftenthinktheyshouldbeallowedtopracticetheirhobbies2.____________theywant.LiuYu，afifteen-year-oldboy，isarunningstar.Heisonhisschoolteamandhasalwayswantedtobeaprofessionalrunner.However，hisparentswon'tallowhimto3._________somuch.“Ofcoursewewanttoseehimachievehisdreams，”saysMr.Liu.“He'sgettingoldernow，soheneedstothinkaboutwhatwillhappenifhedoesn't4.____________

asaprofessionalrunner.”getinthewayofasmuchastrainendupLiuYudoesn'treallyagree.“Well，IthinkIshouldbeallowedtodecideformyself，”hesays.“I5._______________

running.It'stheonlythingI'veeverwantedtodo.”HisparentsbelievethatLiuYushouldstudyhardintheeveningssotheydon'tallowhimto6._________runningatnight.“Heneedstospendmoretimeonhishomeworkbecauseitisdifficulttobecomeaprofessionalsportsstar.”amseriousaboutpracticeButLiuYustilldisagrees.“I'maquickrunner！IthinkIshouldbeallowedtomakethis7.____________myself.OnlythenwillIhavea8._________toachievemydream.”choicechanceNowadays,withthedevelopmentoftheInternet,emoji(表情符號)aremoreandmorepopularamongnetizens(網民).Somepeopleevenfeeldifficulttotalkonlinewithoutusingemoji.Emojihelpnetizenstocommunicatewitheachothereasilyandvividly(生動地).Yet,notallemojiareproperlyusedonsocialmedia.Sowearegoingtointroducesomecommonbutconfusing(令人困惑的)emojitohelpyouhaveabetterunderstandingofthesesmallsigns.1)Arecentsurveyshows,over53%peopleusetheemojiwhentheyarechattingonline.Somepeoplethinkitmeans“I'mshy”，butothersonlyuseitwhentheyaresurprisedorshocked.Butwhatdoesitreallymean?Itisstillanunsolved(未解決的)question.2)Whatdoyouthinkofthissign?Believeitornot,80%ofnetizensuseitunderthemeaningof“Itisnotfunnyatall,butIhavetosmile.”Isitright?Ofcoursenot!Itactuallymeansthat“Isawwhatyoudid(usuallybadthings)andIwanttogiveyouasinister(奸詐的)smile.”3)Peoplehaveverydifferentopinionsonthisemoji.Onecompanyhastoldthatthisemojimeans“highfive(嗨，擊掌)”．Butmostpeoplestillusetheincorrectmeaning—“pray”(祈禱).Somenetizenseventhought,“Ifyouseethisemojiastwopeoplegiveeachotherahighfive,youmustbeabadguy.”4)Accordingtotheofficialguidelines(官方指南),itisusedas“smilethroughtears(破涕為笑)”．However,mostyoungnetizensconsiderthisemojias“l(fā)aughtotears”orsimply“LOL”，whichmeans“l(fā)aughoutloud”．Yousee,emojiarealsoakindoflanguage.Anddifferentpeoplehavedifferentunderstandingofthem.1．Afterreadingthepassage,westillcan'tunderstandtheemoji____________

well.A.

B．

C. D．

答案：A2．Youareplayingwithyourmobilephonewhileyouaredoingyourhomework,yourbrothersendsyouthissignwhatdoeshemean?A.Stopdoingyourhomework.B.Sendthisemojibacktoyourfather.C.Goonplayingwithyourmobilephone.D.Putawayyourmobilephoneanddoyourhomework.答案：D3．Thefourthsignmeans“____________”．A.cryoutloudB.laughtotearsC.smilethroughtearsD.laughoutloud答案：C4．Whydoesthewriterintroducethesefouremoji?A.Becausetheyaremoreimportant.B.Becausetheyarenotsocommon.C.Tohelpnetizensusethemeasily.D.Tohelpthenetizensusethemproperly.答案：D談論家規(guī)、校規(guī)

命題探究本期話題主要是“談論家規(guī)、校規(guī)”。沒有規(guī)矩不成方圓，有關家規(guī)、校規(guī)的話題是中考常見話題之一。該話題應注意明確表達自己的觀點。

寫作典例每一個家庭都有家規(guī)，有些家規(guī)你可能贊成，有些家規(guī)你可能不贊成。請說出你不贊成的某項(些)家規(guī)，你認為不合理的原因，希望如何改變等。要求：詞數(shù)80－100，開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Therearemanyrulesinmyhouse.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

思路點撥1．有關規(guī)章制度的描述應注意明確自己的觀點，故體裁以議論文為主。2．由于介紹規(guī)章、紀律等嚴肅性文字，故而常使用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。3．說明介紹使用第三人稱，闡明觀點使用第一人稱。

寫作模板

佳作欣賞_______________________________OneofthemisthatImustn'tmakemyowndecisions.Forexample，Ilikeplayingthepianoverymuch.Butmyparentsdon'tthinkIshouldlikeit.TheythinkIshouldspendmoretimeonmyschoolwork.Idonotagreewithmyparents.IthinkIshouldbeallowedtohavemyownideasbecauseIhavegrownup.IwouldliketopracticeplayingthepianoasmuchasIwant.IfIwereallowedtodothat，Icouldachievemydream.Therearemanyrulesinmyhouse.Ⅰ.單項填空1．(2023·合肥蜀山區(qū)一模)—IreallylikethismovieaboutChinesehistory.—SodoI．Fromit，IhavelearnedthatweChinesealwayshave____________

tofacedifficulties.A.courage B．agreementC.expression D．influence答案：A2．(2023·滁州全椒縣一模)—FIFAWorldCup____________

everyfouryears.—Yes,doyouknowwhichteamwonin2022QatarFIFAWorldCup?A.isheld B．washeldC.holds D．held答案：A3．Waterispeople'smostimportantneed____________

．A.inthisway B．bythewayC.ontheway D．inaway答案：D4．(2023·合肥包河區(qū)三模)—It'sveryimportanttoprotectoureyesight.Sodon'twaituntilwe____________

seeanything.A.can't B．shouldn'tC.mustn't D．needn't答案：A5．(2023·天津)IfIdon'ttalk____________，myoldgrandmothercan'thearme.A.quickly B．loudlyC.suddenly D．quietly答案：B6．(2022·遼寧大連)IntheWolongPandaReserve，visitors___________

togetclosertopandas.A.allow B．allowedC.areallowing D．areallowed答案：D7．—Timmylooksunhappy.Doyouknowwhy?—Iwasabitrudejustnow.Inowregret____________

thosebadwords.A.say B．saidC.saying D．tosay答案：C8．(2023·江西)HouYi____________

magicmedicineforshootingdowntheninesuns,thenPangMengtriedtostealit.A.gives B．hasgivenC.gave D．wasgiven答案：D9．(2023·遼寧營口)You____________

requireotherstosolvetheproblemlikeyou.Everyonehashisownway.A.mustn't B．needn'tC.maynot D．wouldn't答案：B10．—I'mafraidIhavebrokenyourcup.—____________

．ItwasoldandIwasgoingtothrowitaway.A.Ican'tbelieveit B．WithpleasureC.Nevermind D．Welldone答案：CⅡ.完形填空(2023·六安統(tǒng)考一模)Cookingisfun,butit'simportanttoknowhowtobesafe.Thatmeansyouneedanadult's______

．Ifyouuseaknife,stove(火爐),orotherkitchen_______，youmusthavehelp.Someofthethingsadultsuseinthekitchenseem________

tooperate.Butonceyouusethemyourself,you'llbesurprisedhow_______

theyactuallyare.Withanadultbyyourside,youcanstay______．12345Animportantpartofsafecookingisstaying______．Alwayswashyourhands_______

startinganycooking.Thisisespeciallyimportantwhenyouare_______

fooddirectlywithyourhands.It'sagoodideatoaskyourparentsforsome______

beforeyoustart.It'seasytoget________

inthekitchenifyou'renotcareful.Therefore,rememberthatyoushouldalwaysbecareful.6789101．A.praise B．choiceC.respect D．help答案：D2．A.tools B．rulesC.notices D．ways答案：A3．A.strong B．hardC.simple D．strange答案：C4．A.difficult B．wonderfulC.active D．amazing答案：A5．A.lost B．safeC.easy D．busy答案：B6．A.nervous B．pleasantC.clean D．careful答案：C7．A.though B．afterC.until D．before答案：D8．A.showing B．touchingC.throwing D．selling答案：B9．A.comfort B．stressC.spirit D．advice答案：D10．A.bored B．tiredC.hurt D．broken答案：CⅢ.閱讀理解Whatcomestoyourmindwhenyoureadtheword“robot”？Manypeoplethinkaboutbigandmodernmachinesincarfactoriesorfilms.Fewofusthinkaboutthepast.Butpeoplewerebuildingunbelievablemachineswithhumanabilitieshundredsofyearsago!PhiloofByzantium,anancientGreek(希臘)inventor,builtarobotthousandsofyearsago.Ifsomeoneplacedacupintherobot'shand,itmixedwaterandwinetomakeadrink.Butitwasn'tpopularbecausepeopledidn'tneedrobotstoworkatthattime.Anotherancientrobotwasaroboticarmcalled“TheClaw”Polybius,theGreekwriter,wroteaboutitin213BC.ItwasbuiltduringawarwiththeRomansandhungoverthecitywalltowardsthesea.WhenaRomanshipcameclose,thearmpickedupthefrontofitandliftedtheshipintotheair.Thentheshipfellbackwardintotheseaandsank.Again,wedon'tknowwhetherthemachinewasbuilt,butitwaspossiblewithAncientGreektechnology.LeonardodaVinci,thefamousartist,loveddesigningrobots.Fewofhisdesignswerebuilt,buthisplanswereverydetailed(詳細的).MarkRosheim,amodern-dayrobotengineer,stilllearnsfromthoseideaswhenheworks!OneofdaVinci'srobotswasalion.Hebuiltitin1515.Itcouldwalkandpresentflowers!In2009,engineersusedtheplanstorebuildtherobotlion.Itworkedperfectly.Astimewentby,moreandmorerobotswerebuilt,andtheycoulddomoredifficulttasks,suchasplayingtheflute,writing,anddrawingapicture.Althoughmoderntechnologyhasmovedon,thesehistoricalrobotsstillamazepeopletoday.1．WhatcanwelearnaboutPhilo?A.Heinventedanicedrink.B.Hewasquitewealthyatthattime.C.HewasaGermaninventor.D.Hewasbornthousandsofyearsago.答案：D2．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLeonardodaVinci?A.Patient. B．Helpful.C.Creative. D．Modest.答案：C3．Theauthorwritesthepassageto____________

．A.encouragemorepeopletobuyrobotsB.makeupafewinterestingancientstoriesC.showsomeamazingrobotsfromancienttimesD.comparetheancientrobotswiththemodernones答案：CⅣ.任務型閱讀InChina,writingbrushes,inksticks,paperandinkstonesarecalledtheFourTreasuresofStudy.Amongthehigh-quality(質量)treasures,thewritingbrushproducedinHuzhou,theinkstickproducedinHuizhou,thexuanpapermadeinXuanchengandtheinkstonemadeinDuanxiarethebest-known.Thewritingbrushescanbeusedtodrawthepicturesonpaintedpotteries(陶器).Theyaremainlymadeofthehairofanimals.Thosemadeofwoolarecalledyanghaoandthosemadeoftheweasel's(鼬)tailhairarecalledlanghao.Theirartisticeffects(效果)inwritingandpaintingcannotbecopiedbyanyotherpens.Theinkstickisthepigment(顏料)usedinwritingandpainting.TheinkstickproducedinHuizhouisofhighquality.Astorygoeslikethis：TwofamousskilledmenXiChaoandhissonproducedakindofhigh-qualityinkstick.Asaresult,theEmperorLiYuintheSouthernTangDynastyagreedtogivethemthefamilyname“Li”．Fromthenon,thefameoftheLiInkStickwaswidespread.IntheSongDynasty,itsproducingareawaschangedintoHuizhou,anditwasthencalledtheHuiInkStick.PaperisamongthefourgreatinventionsinancientChina.ThefamousxuanpaperappearedintheSuiandTangdynasties.InXuanzhou,AnhuiProvincewherethexuanpaperisproduced,it'ssaidthatCaiLun'spupilKongDantookthejobofproducingpaperbutfailedtomakeperfectwhitepaper.Laterhehappenedtoseetheebony(檀木)intherivers.Itwaswetwiththewaterandturnedwhite.Thenheusedthebark(樹皮)toproducetheworld-famousxuanpaper.TheinkstonewasalreadyverypopularintheHanDynasty.TheMingandQingdynastiessawtheappearanceoftheFourFamousInkStones—DuanInkStone,SheInkStone,TaoInkStoneandChengniInkStone.Theycannotonlybeusedinwritingandpaintingbutalsoforadmiration.1．Whatarethewritingbrushesmainlymadeof？(不超過10個詞)_______