中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型突破課件：題型六+翻譯句子

題型六翻譯句子方法技巧點撥方法1

代入法這是進(jìn)行英語翻譯時最常用的方法。同學(xué)們在掌握一定的詞匯和短語之后,結(jié)合一定的語法知識,按照句子的結(jié)構(gòu)特點,直接用英語帶入相應(yīng)的句式即可。他把蛋糕分成了四塊。Hedividedthecakeintofourpieces.方法2

還原法

把疑問句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句等還原成基本結(jié)構(gòu)。這是避免寫錯句子的一種有效辦法。這是開往倫敦的火車嗎?IsthisthetrainforLondon?還原為陳述句:ThisisthetrainforLondon.方法3

分解法把一個句子分成兩個或兩個以上的句子,這樣既能把意思表達(dá)得更清楚,又能減少寫錯句子的概率。我們要干就要干好。Ifwedoathing,weshoulddoitwell.方法4

刪減法在寫英語句子時,把相應(yīng)漢語句子里的某些詞、短語或重復(fù)的成分刪掉或省略。這臺打字機(jī)真是物美價廉。Thistypewriterisverycheapandfineindeed.方法5

合并法把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句用一個復(fù)合句或較復(fù)雜的簡單句表達(dá)出來。這種方法最能體現(xiàn)學(xué)生的表達(dá)能力,同時也最能提高文章的可讀性。天氣轉(zhuǎn)晴了,這是我們沒有想到的。Theweatherturnedouttobeveryfine,whichwasmorethanwecouldexpect.方法6

移位法由于英語和漢語在表達(dá)習(xí)慣上存在差異,根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要,某些成分需要前置或后移。告訴我這事的人不肯告訴我他的名字。Themanwhotoldmethisrefusedtotellmehisname.方法7

分析法根據(jù)要表達(dá)的漢語意思,首先進(jìn)行語法分析和句式判斷,然后寫出準(zhǔn)確、地道的英語句子。我沒有見過他,所以說不出他的模樣。Nothavingmethim,Icannottellyouwhatheislike.方法8

意譯法首先要設(shè)法繞開難點,在保持原意的基礎(chǔ)上,用不同的表達(dá)方式寫出來。有志者,事竟成。Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.題型典例剖析

例

(2022·江蘇揚州改編)用括號內(nèi)所給的短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.我們能做什么來幫助有需要的人?(inneed)

2.不用時,請關(guān)掉電燈、電視和電腦。(turnoff)

3.秋天,樹葉變黃,從樹上落下。(turnyellow)

4.當(dāng)別人說話時,這名護(hù)士能足夠耐心地認(rèn)真傾聽。(enoughto)

5.我希望今年暑假我們能和朋友共度更多的時光。(spend...with)

答案解析:1.What

can

we

do

to

help

people

in

need?這是一個特殊疑問句,動詞不定式tohelppeopleinneed作目的狀語。2.Please

turn

off

the

lights,the

TVs

and

the

computers

when

they

are

not

in

use.主句是祈使句,涉及短語“turnoff＋電器”;從句是when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,beinuse表示“在使用中”。3.In

autumn,leaves

turn

yellow

and

fall

off/

from

the

trees.該句描述的是自然現(xiàn)象,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時,句子的主語用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)leaves,謂語動詞用兩個并列短語turnyellow和falloff/fromthetrees來表達(dá)。4.This

nurse

is

patient

enough

to

listen

carefully

when

others

speak.句子是when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,主句使用“be＋adj.＋enoughtodo”結(jié)構(gòu)。5.I

hope

we

can

spend

more

time

with

friends

this

summer

vacation/holiday.主句“Ihope(that)...”表示“我希望……”,后加賓語從句。專項能力檢測Test1(2022·湖北隨州改編)用括號內(nèi)所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.你讀過《哈利·波特》嗎?(Harry

Potter)

HaveyoureadHarry

Potteryet?

?2.Tom很擅長講故事。(goodat)

Tomisverygoodattellingstories.

?3.中國是世界上最古老的國家之一。(old)

Chinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld.

?HaveyoureadHarry

Potteryet?

Tomisverygoodattellingstories.

Chinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld.

4.那首用二胡演奏的樂曲尤其使我感動。(move)

Thepiecewhichwasplayedontheerhuespeciallymovedme.

?5.晚上我要么看電視要么聽音樂。(either...or)

Intheevening,IeitherwatchTVorlistentomusic.

?Thepiecewhichwasplayedontheerhuespeciallymovedme.

Intheevening,IeitherwatchTVorlistentomusic.

Test2(2022·天津改編)用括號內(nèi)所給的短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.我們在課上回答問題時應(yīng)該起立。(standup)

Weshouldstandupwhenweansweraquestioninclass.

?2.我叫TonySmith。Smith是我的姓。(lastname)

MynameisTonySmithandSmithismylastname.

?3.去年,Peter在旅途中和許多人交了朋友。(onone’sjourney)

Petermadefriendswithmanypeopleonhisjourneylastyear.

?Weshouldstandupwhenweansweraquestioninclass.

MynameisTonySmithandSmithismylastname.

Petermadefriendswithmanypeopleonhisjourneylastyear.

4.我喜歡甜食,你知道的。(sweettooth)

Ihaveasweettooth,youknow.

?5.請在字典中查一下這個詞。(lookup)

Pleaselookupthewordinthedictionary.

?Ihaveasweettooth,youknow.

Pleaselookupthewordinthedictionary.

Test3(2022·甘肅武威改編)用括號內(nèi)所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.他過去特別安靜。(usedto)

Heusedtobereallyquiet.

?2.我們齊心協(xié)力就能創(chuàng)造更加美好的未來。(leadto)

Together,ouractionscanleadtoabetterfuture.

?3.我們應(yīng)該遵守交通法規(guī)。(trafficsignsandrules)

Weshouldalwaysfollow/obeythetrafficsignsandrules.

?4.我更喜歡自己創(chuàng)作音樂的歌手。(prefer)

Iprefersingerswho/thatwritetheirownmusic.

?Heusedtobereallyquiet.

Together,ouractionscanleadtoabetterfuture.

Weshouldalwaysfollow/obeythetrafficsignsandrules.

Iprefersingerswho/thatwritetheirownmusic.

Test4(2021·山東濱州改編)用括號內(nèi)所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.我們互不相識,但陽光般的笑容讓彼此更近。(eachother)

Wedon’tknoweachotheratall,butthebrightsmilesbringuscloser.

?2.家鄉(xiāng)在我們的心里留下了太多柔軟和甜蜜的回憶。(somany)

Ourhometownhasleftsomanysoftandsweetmemoriesinourhearts.

?3.人們不該把自己的孩子逼得太緊。(push)

Peopleshouldn’tpushtheirkidssohard.

?4.許多外國人對中國的快速發(fā)展感到驚奇。(besurprised)

ManyforeignersaresurprisedattherapiddevelopmentofChina.

?Wedon’tknoweachotheratall,butthebrightsmilesbringuscloser.

Ourhometownhasleftsomanysoftandsweetmemoriesinourhearts.

Peopleshouldn’tpushtheirkidssohard.

ManyforeignersaresurprisedattherapiddevelopmentofChina.

5.我們信任他,因為他從未讓我們失望過。(let...down)

Webelievein/trusthimbecausehehasneverletusdown.

?Webelievein/trusthimbecausehehasneverletusdown.

Test5(2021·山東濰坊)用括號內(nèi)所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.浪費這么好吃的食物真是可惜。(waste,such)

It’sapitytowastesuchdelicious/tastyfood.

?2.袁隆平被譽為“雜交水稻(hybridrice)之父”。(name)

YuanLongpingisnamedas“theFatherofHybridRice”.

?3.昨天經(jīng)過討論,我們才知道如何解決這個問題。(not...until...)

Wedidn’tknowhowtosolvetheproblemuntilwediscussed/talkedaboutityesterday.

?It’sapitytowastesuchdelicious/tastyfood.

YuanLongpingisnamedas“theFatherofHybridRice”.

Wedidn’tknowhowtosolvetheproblemuntilwediscussed/talkedaboutityesterday.

?4.中國的“祝融號”火星探測器(Zhurongrover)已經(jīng)成功登陸火星(Mars)。(landon)

China’sZhurongroverhassuccessfullylandedonMars.

?China’sZhurongroverhassuccessfullylandedonMars.

Test6(2021·江蘇揚州改編)用括號內(nèi)所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.昨晚七點到八點他們在看電視。(from...to)

TheywerewatchingTVfromseventoeightlastnight.

?2.Tom買不起那把小提琴,因為太貴了。(afford)

Tomcan’taffordtheviolinbecauseit’stooexpensive.

?3.你認(rèn)為騎自行車是很好的運動方式嗎?(agoodway)

Doyouthinkcyclingisagoodwaytoexercise?

?4.我們很開心地得知您對我們的服務(wù)很滿意。(besatisfiedwith)

Wearepleasedtolearnthatyouaresatisfiedwithourservice.

?TheywerewatchingTVfromseventoeightlastnight.

Tomcan’taffordtheviolinbecauseit’stooexpensive.

Doyouthinkcyclingisagoodwaytoexercise?

Wearepleasedtolearnthatyouaresatisfiedwithourservice.

5.我夢想有一個長假,以便能有更多的時間去旅行。(sothat)

IdreamofhavingalongvacationsothatIcanhavemoretimetotravel.

?IdreamofhavingalongvacationsothatIcanhavemoretimetotravel.

Test7(2021·湖北黃岡改編)用括號內(nèi)所給的短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.我們的英語老師總是在課堂上編一些有趣的對話。(makeup)

OurEnglishteacheralwaysmakesupsomeinterestingdialogsinclass.

?2.當(dāng)人們談到阿炳的時候,就會想起《二泉映月》。(thinkof)

WhenpeopletalkaboutAbing,they’llthinkofErquan

Yingyue.

?3.晚飯后,當(dāng)?shù)艿艿估鴷r,Sarah正在廚房洗碗。(dothedishes)

Afterdinner,whenherbrothertookouttherubbish,Sarahwasdoingthedishesinthekitchen.

?OurEnglishteacheralwaysmakesupsomeinterestingdialogsinclass.

WhenpeopletalkaboutAbing,they’llthinkofErquan

Yingyue.

Afterdinner,whenherbrothertookouttherubbish,Sarahwasdoingthedishesinthekitchen.

?4.為了孩子們的發(fā)展,應(yīng)該減少他們周末的學(xué)習(xí)課程。(cutdown)

Forchildren’sdevelopment,theircoursesonweekendsshouldbecutdown.

?5.聽輕音樂讓我更容易入睡。(fallasleep)

Listeningtolightmusicmakesiteasierformetofallasleep.

?Forchildren’sdevelopment,theircoursesonweekendsshouldbecutdown.

Listeningtolightmusicmakesiteasierformetofallasleep.

Test8(2021·遼寧朝陽改編)用括號內(nèi)所給的短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.當(dāng)你說英語的時候不要害怕犯錯誤。(beafraidof)

Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakeswhenyouspeakEnglish.

?2.我期待收到你的來信。(lookforwardto)

I’mlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.

?3.如果Tom下周來,我將帶他在我們城市轉(zhuǎn)一轉(zhuǎn)。(showaround)

IfTomcomesnextweek,Iwillshowhimaroundourcity.

?4.毫無疑問,中國現(xiàn)在更加擅長制造高科技產(chǎn)品。(withoutdoubt)

Withoutdoubt,Chinaismuchbetteratmakinghigh-technologyproductsnow.

?Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakeswhenyouspeakEnglish.

I’mlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.

IfTomcomesnextweek,Iwillshowhimaroundourcity.

Withoutdoubt,Chinaismuchbetteratmakinghigh-technologyproductsnow.

Test9(2021·甘肅武威改編)用括號內(nèi)所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.書店在超市的對面。(acrossfrom)

Thebookstoreisacrossfromthesupermarket.

?2.成功最終屬于努力的人。(belongto)

Successbelongstothehard-workingpeopleintheend.

?3.別忘了在完成寫作后仔細(xì)檢查。(forget)

Don’tforgettocheckcarefullyafterwriting/finishingthecomposition.

?4.這個航班因惡劣天氣延誤了。(becauseof)

Theflightwasdelayedbecauseofthebadweather.

?Thebookstoreisacrossfromthesupermarket.

Successbelongstothehard-workingpeopleintheend.

Don’tforgettocheckcarefullyafterwriting/finishingthecomposition.

Theflightwasdelayedbecauseofthebadweather.

5.健康取決于食物、鍛煉和足夠的睡眠。(dependon)

Healthdependsonfood,exerciseandenoughsleep.

?Healthdependsonfood,exerciseandenoughsleep.

Test10用括號內(nèi)所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.中國人認(rèn)為紅色能夠給他們帶來好運。(bring...to)

Chinesepeoplethinkthatthecolorredcanbringgoodlucktothem.

?2.人人都應(yīng)該在保護(hù)野生動物方面發(fā)揮作用。(playapartin)

Everyoneshouldplayapartinprotectingwildanimals.

?3.觀看沏茶和喝茶一樣令人享受。(asenjoyableas)

Watchingtheteapreparationisjustasenjoyableasdrinkingtheteaitself.

?Chinesepeoplethinkthatthecolorredcanbringgoodlucktothem.

Everyoneshouldplayapartinprotectingwildanimals.

Watchingtheteapreparationisjustasenjoyableasdrinkingtheteaitself.

4.網(wǎng)課期間,我們多數(shù)人做作業(yè)都很認(rèn)真。(doone’shomework)

Mostofusdidourhomeworkverycarefullywhenwehadclassesonline.

?5.我們珍惜日常生活中與家人和朋友在一起的時光。(spend)

Wevaluethetimewespendwithourfamilyandfriendsin(our)everydaylives/life.

?Mostofusdidourhomeworkverycarefullywhenwehadclassesonline.

Wevaluethetimewespendwithourfamilyandfriendsin(our)everydaylives/life.

?Test11用括號內(nèi)所給的短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.兩年前Kate成了舞蹈俱樂部的一名成員。(amemberof)

Katehasbeenamemberofthedancingclubsincetwoyearsago.

?2.昨天Tom買了一輛玩具車。玩具車的輪子是用木頭制成的。(bemadeof)

Tomboughtatoycaryesterday.Thewheelsofitaremadeofwood.

?3.我奶奶最愛評書,它是中國最傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)形式之一。(oneof)

Pingshuismygrandma’sfavorite.It’soneofthemosttraditionalartformsinChina.

?Katehasbeenamemberofthedancingclubsincetwoyearsago.

Tomboughtatoycaryesterday.Thewheelsofitaremadeofwood.

Pingshuismygrandma’sfavorite.It’soneofthemosttraditionalartformsinChina.

?4.你能和我們一起分發(fā)新書嗎?(handout)

Couldyoujoinusbyhandingout(the)newbooks,please?

?5.他們的產(chǎn)品沒有達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn),他們上周日必須加班。(uptostandard)

Theirproductsweren’tuptostandard.TheyhadtoworklastSunday.

?Couldyoujoinusbyhandingout(the)newbooks,please?

Theirproductsweren’tuptostandard.TheyhadtoworklastSunday.

Test12用括號內(nèi)所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.Kate決定去社區(qū)工作,而不是度假。(insteadof)

Insteadofgoingonholiday/takingavacation,Katedecidedtoworkinthecommunity.

?2.在我們的幫助下,小鳥終于回巢了。

(withone’shelp)

Withourhelp,thebabybirdgotbacktoitsnestintheend.

?3