九年級英語《Unit 6 When was it invented？》導(dǎo)學(xué)案

PAGEPAGE1【課題】《Unit6Whenwasitinvented?》導(dǎo)學(xué)案SectionA1a—1c【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】句型：Whenwasthecarinvented?弄清一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的差異，并通過練習(xí)和運(yùn)用加以鞏固?！緦W(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)】句型：Whenwasthecarinvented?弄清一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的差異，并通過練習(xí)和運(yùn)用加以鞏固。【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】在學(xué)習(xí)中，懂得人類的科學(xué)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造了豐富的物質(zhì)文明，激發(fā)創(chuàng)造發(fā)明的能力和愿望。并樂于參加學(xué)習(xí)小組活動，積極合作。【教學(xué)過程】一、導(dǎo)入（啟發(fā)探究3分鐘）通過課件呈現(xiàn)中國古代的發(fā)明:gunpowder/compass/papermaking/printing然后問學(xué)生:Whatarethey?Helpthestudentstosay:TheyarefourinventionsofChina.Getthestudentstorepeat.叫學(xué)生列舉一些他們知道的發(fā)明,如car,telephone,computer,TV等。Thenshowsomeinventionsonthescreentothestudents:Telephone,calculator,car,personalcomputer,TV,lightbulb,alarm,clock,microwaveoven,electricslipper.Teacher:Therearemanyusefulthingsintheworld.Theyhelpusalotinlife.(Showsomepicturesonthescreen)Whenweretheyinvented?Students:_____________________.①Thetelephonewasinventedin1876.②Thecomputerwasinventedin...……二、自學(xué)（自主探究6分鐘）文化背景導(dǎo)讀HowAmericansshowedtheirrespectforEdisonThomasAlvaEdisonwasawardedmorepatentsoninventionsthananyotherAmerican.Whenhediedin1931,Americanswonderedhowtheycouldbestshowtheirrespectforhim.Onesuggestionwasthatthenationobserveaminuteortwooftotalblackout.Allelectricpowerwouldbeshutoffinhomes,streets,andfactories.PerhapsthissuggestionmadeAmericansrealizefullywhatEdisonandhisinventionsmeanttothem.Electricpowerwastooimportanttothecountry.Shuttingitoffforevenashorttimewouldhaveledtocompleteconfusion.Ablackoutwasoutofthequestion.OnthedayofEdison’sfuneral,manypeoplesilentlydimmedtheirlights.Inthiswaytheyhonoredthemanwhohaddonemorethananyoneelsetoputagreatforceofelectricityathiscountrymen’sfingertips.翻譯下列年代：1nineteenseventy-one____________2eighteeneighty-five__________3.eighteenseventy-six4.1927_________________5.1976______________________6.2010____________________三、交流（合作探究10分鐘）1.要求學(xué)生翻開課本P41，迅速閱讀1a部分的內(nèi)容。并按要求完成課本上相應(yīng)的任務(wù):Numberthepictures.（1分鐘）2.檢查答案，先要求全班一起給出答案并檢查討論。Thetelephonewasinventedin1876.Carswereinventedin1885.Thetelephonewasinventedin1876.Carswereinventedin1885.TheTVwasinventedaround1927.Thepersonalcomputerswereinventedin1976.3.要求學(xué)生聽第一遍錄音，并完成課本上1b的聽力任務(wù):Listenandmatchtheinventionswiththeyears.Checktheiranswers:讀出序號-讀出年份-讀出完整的句子（2分鐘）Pictured:Pictured:Thetelephonewasinventedineightennseventy-six.Picturea:Carswereinventedineighteeneighty-five.Picturec:TheTVwasinventedaroundnineteentwenty-seven.Pictureb:Thepersonalcomputerswereinventedinnineteenseventy-six.4.聽第二遍，填空。Alice:Wasyourlifeverydifficultwhenyouwereakid?Grandma:Oh,notreally.Why?Alice:Well,youdidn’thavemoderninventionslikea,right?Grandma:Ofcoursewedid!HowolddoyouthinkIam?Thetelephonewasin1876.Youneedtotakeahistoryclass,Alice!Alice:Haha!Howabout?Theyweren’tinventedyet,werethey?Grandma:Yes,theywere.Carswereinventedin1885.Myfamilyhadacar.Alice:Well,didyouhaveaTV?Grandma:No,wecouldn’tone.Theywereexpensiveinthosedays.TheTVwasinventedaround1927,Ithink.Alice:Well,Iknowthatyoudidn’thaveabecausewelearnedinschoolthatpersonalcomputerswereinventedin1976.Grandma:You’reright.ButIhavenow!5.要求學(xué)生聽第三遍錄音，并逐句進(jìn)行跟讀。（2分鐘）6.完成教材1c的任務(wù)，要求學(xué)生模仿1a內(nèi)容，進(jìn)行對話練習(xí)。并邀請2-3對同學(xué)當(dāng)堂進(jìn)行演示。（3分鐘）A:Whenwasthetelephoneinvented?A:Whenwasthetelephoneinvented?B:Ithinkitwasinventedin1876.

A:Whenwasthecarinvented?B:Ithinkitwasinventedin1885.

A:WhenwastheTVinvented?B:Ithinkitwasinventedaround1927.

A:Whenwasthepersonalcomputersinvented?B:Ithinkitwasinventedinin1976.6.小結(jié)訓(xùn)練。要求學(xué)生在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成一個(gè)小練習(xí)。并請若干學(xué)生給出自己的答案。有錯誤的話及時(shí)解決糾正。（2分鐘）用所給單詞的正確形式填空：Whenwasthetelephoneinvented(invent)?Thecomputercanhelpusdomathproblems(help).Inthoseday,thewomancouldn'tafford(afford)aTVbecausetheywerereallyexpensive.Afriendofmine(I)cametoseemelastweek.Ithinkyouneedtotake(take)ahistoryclass.四、總結(jié)（引深探究15分鐘）1.invent(v.)發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造invent指發(fā)明創(chuàng)造出自然界本來不存在的東西，如工具、方法、手段、汽車、電器、合成材料等?！緜湔n例句】Bellinventedthetelephone.貝爾發(fā)明了電話。Smithinventedanewteachingmethod.史密斯發(fā)明了一種新的教學(xué)方法。【橫向輻射】discover,find,create1.discover是“發(fā)現(xiàn)”的意思，是指發(fā)現(xiàn)原來就有而一直沒被發(fā)現(xiàn)，如發(fā)現(xiàn)電、煤、石油等礦藏及新星、星系或科學(xué)真理等。ColumbusdiscoveredAmericain1492.1492年哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)了新大陸。Recentlytheyhavediscoveredacomet.最近他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一顆彗星。2.find的意思是“尋找”，強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果，并不指發(fā)現(xiàn)。I'vetriedtofindanothercopybutcouldn'tfindone.

我試圖再找一本，但沒能弄到。3.create指有目的地把原材料制成新產(chǎn)品，也指創(chuàng)造出原來不存在的或與眾不同的事物。Mancreateshimself.人類創(chuàng)造了自己。Anovelistcreatescharactersandaplot.小說家塑造人物并設(shè)計(jì)情節(jié)。【課堂變式】根據(jù)語境提示，用invent,discover，find或create的形式填空，完成句子。1.When_____thestreamengine（蒸汽機(jī)）___?2.Ican’t____mybike,I’mlookingforit.3.Scientistsarenowtryingto___ifthisispossible.4.Doyouknowwho______theplane？5.He____quiteanumberofwonderfulcharactersinhisplay.【解析】I.1.was,invented2.find3.discover4.invented5.created五、練評（包含“考點(diǎn)鏈接”應(yīng)用探究6分鐘）一）單項(xiàng)選擇（）1.Thekindofcupisused__________drinking.A.toB.asC.byD.for（）2.Mymotherandmysisterkeptontalking,butmyfather________silentallthetime.A.gotB.keptC.turnedD.looked（）3.Ithinktheshortstory_________byLuXun.A.iswritingB.iswrittenC.writtenD.waswritten（）4.--Who________theelectriclightlamp______?—Edison.A.was;inventedB.is;inventedC.was;inventedbyD.did;inventedby二）閱讀短文，完成任務(wù)GoogleandToyotahaveworkedtogethertocreateanewsmartcar.Itcanrunontheroadwithoutadriver.Itdrivesitself.Theself-drivingcarhasn’tbeenonsaletothepublic,sowedon’tknowhowmuchitcosts.Anotherthingmostpeoplewanttoknowiswhetheritwillbesafeenoughtorunontheroad.Theself-drivingcaruseselectricityasitspower,anditcan’tdriveveryquickly—thetopspeedwouldbe25milesperhour.Itisactuallycontrolledbyacomputersystem(系統(tǒng))onthecar.ThesystemkeepsoncollectinginformationbysomevideocamerasinsidethecarandaLIDARsensor(激光雷達(dá)傳感器)ontopofit.Acomputerprocessestheinformationanddecideswhattodo.“Theself-drivingcarhasonlybuttons(按鈕)forgoandstop,soit’sveryeasytouse,”anengineerofGooglesays.“Andwhat’smore,itwillmakecaraccidentslessandmaketheworldasaferplace.”Theself-drivingcarhasdrivenhundredsofthousandsofmilesinCalifornia,andithasonlygottenintotwoaccidentsbyhumanmistake.AccordingtoCNN,self-drivingcarswillalsohelptoreduce(減少)thenumberofcarsinbigcities.“Self-drivingcarswouldbeabletosendyoutotheworkplaceandthenpickupanotherpersoninsteadofstoppinginaparkinglot.”()1.Wedon’tknowthepriceoftheself-drivingcarbecause.A.itisonsaleonlyinAmericaB.itisn’tmadeforsaleC.peoplecangetitforfree D.ithasn’tbeenonsaletothepublic()2..①videocameras ②acomputer③aLIDARsensor ④acomputersystemA.①② B.①③ C.①②③ D.①②③④()3.A.sendusmorequicklytotheworkplaceB.leadtoheaviertrafficC.improvetrafficconditioninbigcitiesD.carrymorepeoplethananormalcar【課題】Unit6Whenwasitinvented?SectionA2a—2c【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】掌握本課單詞、短語、句型Whowasitinventedby?Whataretheyusedfor?【學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)】能聽懂含有一般過去時(shí)態(tài)被動語態(tài)的簡短對話。能運(yùn)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)被動語態(tài)談?wù)摎v史上的發(fā)明?！緦W(xué)法指導(dǎo)】觀察圖畫回憶句型練習(xí)口語鞏固練習(xí)【教學(xué)過程】導(dǎo)入（啟發(fā)探究3分鐘）Dialogue1:S1:Whatisthis?S2:Thisisahotice-creamscoop.Itrunsonelectricity.S1:Whatisitusedfor?S2:Itisusedforservingreallycoldicecream.S1:Whowasitinventedby?S2:ItwasinventedbyChelseaLanmon.Dialogue2:S1:Whatarethese?S2:Theyareshoeswithlights.S1:Whataretheyusedfor?S2:Theyareusedforseeinginthedark.S1:Whoweretheyinventedby?S2:TheywereinventedbyJulieThompson.Dialogue3:S1:Whatarethese?S2:Theyareshoeswithspecialheels.S1:Whataretheyusedfor?S2:Theyareusedforchangingthestyleoftheshoes.S1:Whoweretheyinventedby?S2:TheywereinventedbyJayceCoziarandJamieEllsworth.二、自學(xué)（自主探究6分鐘）1、認(rèn)真拼讀下面單詞和人名heel/hi:l/n.鞋跟；足跟p.42electricity/ilektris?ti/n.電；電能p.42scoop/sku:p/n.勺;鏟子p.42style/stail/n.樣式;款式p.42Chelsea/t?elsi/Lanmon/l?nm?n/切爾西?蘭曼 p.42Jayce/d?eis/Coziar/k?uzia:/杰斯?克里亞 p.42Jamie/d?eimi/Ellsworth/elzw?:(r)θ/杰米?埃爾斯沃恩 p.42Julie/d?u:li/Thompson/t?mps?n/朱莉?湯普森Whitcomb/witk?m/Judson/d??ds?n/惠特科姆?賈德森 p.42三、交流（合作探究10分鐘）1.要求學(xué)生翻開課本P42。播放錄音一遍，完成2a，2b的聽力任務(wù)，然后個(gè)別檢查，統(tǒng)一核對答案。（2分鐘）2.要求學(xué)生聽第二遍錄音，并逐句進(jìn)行跟讀。（2分鐘）3.聽力內(nèi)容鞏固訓(xùn)練。要求學(xué)生根據(jù)所聽到的內(nèi)容完成下列各句。完成后要求若干學(xué)生給出自己的答案。以鞏固對聽力內(nèi)容的了解。（4分鐘）Theshoeswithlightsareusedforseeinginthedark.TheywereinventedbyJulieThompson.Thishoticecreamscoopisusedforscoopingoutreallycoldicecream.Theshoeswithadjustableheelsareusedforchangingthestyleofyourshoes.4、聽錄音填空Alex:Hi,Carol.Wow,whatarethose?Carol:Hello,Alex.Oh,thesearesomeoftheinterestingthatI’mwritingaboutformyEnglishhomework.Alex:Isee…What’sthat,then?Carol:They’reshoeswith.Peopleusethemforseeinginthedarkwhenyougetupatnight.Alex:Oh,that’sacoolidea!Ialwayshitmytoeonsomethingonthewaytothebathroomatnight.Carol:Nextisaice-creamscoop.Thisismyfavoriteinvention.Itrunsonelectricityandbecomeshot.Alex:Iknowwhatit’sfor!It’susedforservingreallycoldice-cream.Carol:Yes,that’sright!ThelastinventionI’mgoingtowriteaboutisshoeswithspecial.Youcanmovetheheelsupanddown.Alex:Whataretheyusedfor?Carol:Well,youcanchangetheofyourshoes.Youcanraisetheheelsifyouaregoingtoapartyorlowerthemifyouarejustgoingoutfor.5、.大聲朗讀聽力材料。（1分鐘）6.放下聽力材料，要求學(xué)生模仿聽力內(nèi)容，利用2a，2b的信息分角色練習(xí)對話練習(xí)。然后邀請2-3對同學(xué)當(dāng)堂演示。看哪一對的表現(xiàn)最佳。（5分鐘）A:Whataretheshoeswithadjustableheelsusedfor?B:Theyareusedforchangingthestyleoftheshoes.A:Whataretheshoeswithadjustableheelsusedfor?B:Theyareusedforchangingthestyleoftheshoes.A:Whatarethebattery-operatedsneakersusedfor?B:Theyareusedforseeinginthedark.A:Whatistheheatedicecreamscoopusedfor?B:Itisusedforscoopingreallycoldicecream.四、總結(jié)（引深探究15分鐘）beusedfor用來做……此短語中的for是介詞，表示用途，后接名詞或動詞-ing形式?！緜湔n例句】Anorangeisusedformedicine.桔子可以入藥。Apenisusedforwriting.鋼筆用來寫字。【橫向輻射】beusedas&beusedby1.beusedas意為“被用作……”，介詞as表示“作為”，其后一般接名詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)使用的工具及手段。【例句】Englishisusedasthesecondlanguageinmanycountries.英語在許多國家被當(dāng)作第二語言使用。Thisroomisusedastheiroffice.這人房間被用作他們的辦公室。2.beusedby意為“被……使用”，介詞by后面接動作的執(zhí)行者（賓語）?！纠洹縀nglishisusedbytravelersandbusinesspeopleallovertheworld.全世界的旅行者和商人們使用英語。Tractorsareusedbythefarmers.農(nóng)民使用拖拉機(jī)?！菊n堂變式】1.在中國英語作為外語來使用。__________________________________2.教師用粉筆。__________________________________3.毛衣是用來保暖的。__________________________________【解析】1.EnglishisusedasaforeignlanguageinChina.2.Chalkisusedbyteachers.3.Asweaterisusedforkeepingwarm.五、練評（包含“考點(diǎn)鏈接”應(yīng)用探究6分鐘）根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的要求改寫句子。1.TheywereinventedbyJulieThompson.(改寫否定句)They________________________byJulieThompson.2.CaiLuninventedpaper.（改為被動語態(tài)）Paper___________________________________CaiLun.3.Someclothesweregivenawaytocharitybyme.（改為一般疑問句，并作肯定回答）__________________clothesgivenawaytocharityby____________?Yes,________________________.4.Thecarwasinventedin1885.(對劃線部分提問)________________________thecarinvented?5.Weusedittoscoopicecream.(改寫同義句)_______________________________scoopingicecreambyus.完成句子：1.汽車是什么時(shí)候發(fā)明的？它是在1885年被發(fā)明的。When_________thecar________?It_______________1885.2.帶燈的鞋子是什么時(shí)候發(fā)明的？是去年發(fā)明的。When________shoeswithlights______?They__________lastyear.3.他們是誰發(fā)明的。是朱麗.湯普森發(fā)明的。_____werethey_________?Theywere_________JulieThompson.4.他們是用來做什么的？是用來在黑暗中視物的。Whatarethey________?They’reused__________inthedark.5.我認(rèn)為電話的發(fā)明要早于汽車的發(fā)明。Ithinkthetelephone__________________________thecar.選擇()1.—MichaelJacksonwascalledthekingofpop,wasn’the?2-1-c-n-j-y—Ofcourse.Hebypeopleallovertheworld.A.waslookedup B.waslookeduptoC.lookedup D.lookedupto()2.—WastabletennisinventedbytheChinese?—No.ItinChinauntilthestartofthe20thcentury.A.played B.wasplayedC.didn’tplay D.wasn’tplayed()3.—DoyouknowinancientChina?—Ihavenoidea.ButIknowpeopleonceusedtreeleavestomakepaper.A.howpaperwasmade B.howwaspapermadeC.whatpaperwasmade D.【課題】Unit6Whenwasitinvented?SectionA2d【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】掌握本課對話內(nèi)容繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài)【學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)】能運(yùn)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài)進(jìn)行對話練習(xí)【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】熟讀對話背誦—鞏固練習(xí)【教學(xué)過程】導(dǎo)入（啟發(fā)探究3分鐘）Whatisitcalled?Itiscalledzipper.Whenwasitinvented?Thezipperwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ThezipperwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.二、自學(xué)（自主探究6分鐘）拼讀記憶單詞project/pr?d?ekt/n.項(xiàng)目；工程 p.42pleasure/ple??(r)/n.高興；愉快 p.42zipper/zip?(r)/n.(=zip)拉鏈；拉鎖 p.42daily/deili/adj.每日的；日常的p.42website/websait/n.網(wǎng)站p.42pioneer/pai?ni?/n.先鋒；先驅(qū) p.42list/list/v.列表；列清單n.名單；清單 p.42mention/men?n/v.提到；說到p.42根據(jù)漢語提示完成單詞。1.IlikethecolorofthiscoatbutIdon’tlikeitsstyle(款式).2.It’smygreatpleasure(高興)tohaveatalkwithyou.3.Thelittleinventionshavehelpedmealotinmydaily(日常的)life.4.Juliaintroducedagoodwebsite(網(wǎng)站)tometolearnEnglish.5.Mymotheralwayslists（列清單）allthingsthatshewantstobuybeforeshopping.三、交流（合作探究10分鐘）播放2d的對話錄音，學(xué)生仔細(xì)傾聽，注意語音語調(diào)、句群停頓。播放2d的對話錄音，讓學(xué)生跟讀，模仿語音語調(diào)、句群停頓。學(xué)生朗讀2d對話并理解大意。學(xué)生分角色朗讀并表演2d的對話。（5分鐘）學(xué)生背誦2d對話，不看書填空。Paul:HeyRoy,thesubjectformyschoolis“Smallinventionsthatchangedtheworld.”Canyouhelpmethinkofan?Roy:Mypleasure!Letmethink...hmm...Iknow!Thezipper!Paul:The?Isitreallysuchagreatinvention?Roy:Thinkabouthowoftenit’susedinourdailylives.Youcanseezippersondresses,trousers,shoes,bags...everywhere!Paul:Well,youdoseemtohaveapoint...Roy:Ofcourse!IthoughtaboutitbecauseIsawawebsitelastweek.Thepioneersofdifferentinventionswerethere.Forexample,itmentionedthatthezipperwasinventedbyWhitcombJudsonin1893.Butatthattime,itwasn’tusedw.Paul:Really?Sowhendiditbecome?Roy:Around1917.對話內(nèi)容鞏固訓(xùn)練。要求學(xué)生根據(jù)2d對話的內(nèi)容完成下各句。完成后要求若干學(xué)生給出自己的答案。以鞏固對對話內(nèi)容的了解。（4分鐘）Lastweek,Roysawawebsite,itsaysthezipperisoneoftheitgreatestsmallinventionsthatchangedtheworld.ItmentionedthatthezipperwasinventedbyWhitcombJudsonin1893.butatthattime,itwasn’twidelyused.Paulthinkhedoseemstohaveapoint.Thezipperisreallysuchagreatinventionandit’susedinourdailylivesveryoftenandeverywhere.四、總結(jié)（引深探究15分鐘）pleasuren.高興，愉快；常用于口語中；it’smypleasure.Withpleasure.【備課例句】It’smypleasuretohelpyoulookafteryourpetcat.我感到很榮幸?guī)湍阏湛茨愕膶櫸镓??！緳M向輻射】please,pleased,pleasure,pleasant的區(qū)別一、please1.表請求或要求的語氣。是動詞（及物動詞）。-Comein,please.請進(jìn)來吧。（或Peasecomein）-Sitdown,please.請坐。（或Pleasesitdown）2.表“討好，討人喜歡；喜歡”（不及物動詞）或者“使···高興，使···滿意，使···喜歡”（及物動詞）-Gowhereyouplease.你想去哪就去哪。-Whatpleasesyoubest?你最喜歡什么？二、pleased形容詞。表示“高興的，喜歡的，滿意的”。它指的是人主觀上感到的滿足心理-I'mpleasedtoseeyou!見到你真高興！常用句型有：bepleasedtodosth.高興做某事bepleasedat/about/with/by對···感到滿意/高興bepleasedthat從句對···感到滿意/高興三、pleasant形容詞。表示“令人愉快的”“讓人感到滿意”。主語一般為物。Thewalkwasverypleasant.那次散步很（讓人）愉快。四、pleasure名詞表示“滿足；樂趣；消遣、娛樂”It'sapleasuretoreadthisbook.讀這本書真是件樂事?！菊n堂變式】（1）根據(jù)句意，用pleasant,pleased或pleasure填空。1.Ihada___time.2.Hewillbe___tohelpyou.3.Readinggivesmegreat___.4.Itgivesme___toseeyoulookinghappy.5.Wespenta___dayinthecountry.【解析】1.pleasant2.pleased3.pleasure4.pleasure5.pleasant（2）Ithinkitisimpossibletomakeeveryone______.A.pleaseB.pleasedC.pleasantD.pleasure【解析】由句意可知，要讓每個(gè)人高興是不可能的。pleased表示“高興的，喜歡的”;故選B。五、練評（包含“考點(diǎn)鏈接”應(yīng)用探究6分鐘）用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式補(bǔ)全句子1.Whenthetelephone?Ithinkitin1876.(invent)2.Whatarethehotice-creamscoopsusedfor?Theyareusedfor(scoop)reallycoldicecream.3.Manybeautifulpresents（buy）fortheteacherslastSunday.4.Thethief(catch)bythepoliceatlast.5.Thenewcomputers(give)tothevillageschoolaspresentslastmonth.用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文完整正確(每個(gè)單詞限用一次)。letterlearnschoolbecomebydieinviteblindcommunicateinterestBraille(盲文)isthemostwell-knownlanguagesystem(系統(tǒng))usedby(41)peopleallaroundtheworld.Braille,whoimprovedthewayblindpeoplereadbooks(42)followingraised(凸起的)letters.LouisBraillewasbornonJanuary4,1809,inFrance.Helosthiseyesightbyaccidentwhenhewas3.LouisBraillewenttoaspecial(43)fortheblindinParisin1821.Itwastherethathe(44)toread,usingraisedletters.However,becausetheraised(45)weremadeofpaperpressedagainstcopperwire,thestudentsneverlearnedtowrite.Latertheschool(46)asoldier(戰(zhàn)士)togiveatalktothestudents.Thetalkwasaboutasystemcalled“nightwriting”thatallowssoldiersto(47)silently,eveninthedark.Braillewas(48)inthesystem.Herealizeditcouldbeusedamongblindpeople,too.Hesetouttoworkonitandin1824,heintroducedthereadingandwritingsystem.In1829,Braillewrotehisfirstbookexplaininghissystem.However,itwasonlyafterhis(49)thatthereadingandwritingsystemcaughtattentionand(50)themostpopularwayfortheblindtoreadandwritearoundtheworld.【課題】Unit6Whenwasitinvented?SectionA3a—3c【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】掌握本課單詞、短語、句型【學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)】1.nearlyadv.幾乎，差不多；2.boilv.煮沸，燒開；3.remainv.保持不變；剩余；4.nationaladj.國家的，民族的；【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】了解歷史閱讀思考閱讀理解鞏固練習(xí)【教學(xué)過程】導(dǎo)入（啟發(fā)探究3分鐘）Questions:Doyoudrinkteaeveryday?_____________________________Whoinventedteainhistory?_________________Dopeopleinothercountriesdrinkteaintheirdailylife？__________________________________________二、自學(xué)（自主探究6分鐘）中國飲茶歷史最早，陸羽《茶經(jīng)》云：“茶之為飲，發(fā)乎神農(nóng)氏，聞于魯周公”。早在神農(nóng)時(shí)期，茶及其藥用價(jià)值已被發(fā)現(xiàn)，并由藥用逐漸演變成日常生活飲料。我國歷來對選茗、取水、備具、佐料、烹茶、奉茶以及品嘗方法都頗為講究，因而逐漸形成豐富多采、雅俗共賞的飲茶習(xí)俗和品茶技藝。茶之飲，最早的目的在于：解毒、消食、清心、益思、少睡眠；后來有陸羽《茶經(jīng)》等對其方式精益求精，以及少數(shù)民族的種種“異樣”喝法，都不離其宗；大概宛如詩的雅與風(fēng)，都值得有心人細(xì)細(xì)玩味。至若有為“雅”而茶，大概是當(dāng)今茶藝館繁盛的原因之一，又或?yàn)椤暗馈倍?，比如?qiáng)調(diào)“和敬清寂”，大家見仁見智吧。拼讀記憶單詞byaccident偶然；意外地p.43nearly/ni?li/,/nirli/adv.幾乎；差不多 p.43boil/b?il/v.煮沸；燒開p.43smell/smel/n.氣味v.發(fā)出氣味；聞到 p.43saint/seint/n.圣人；圣徒p.43takeplace發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)p.43doubt/daut/n.疑惑；疑問v.懷疑p.43withoutdoubt毫無疑問；的確p.43【新詞自查】根據(jù)漢語提示完成單詞。1.Thetigerislookedastheruler（統(tǒng)治者）ofthisforest.2.Moststudentswenttotheplayground.Onlyafewremained(剩下)tocleantheclassroom.3.Aliceiswithoutdoubt(懷疑)thebeststudentinourclass.4.Thedragonistreatasanational(民族的)symboloftheChinese.5.Motherisboiling(煮沸)themilkforthebaby.三、交流（合作探究10分鐘）完成教材3a的任務(wù)1.要求學(xué)生快速默讀短文，熟知大意，并完成課本3a的任務(wù)：matcheachparagraphwithitsmainidea;然后邀請幾位同學(xué)給出自己的答案，全班一起學(xué)習(xí)討論。（3分鐘）Paragraph1LuYuandhisbookChaJingParagraph2HowteaspreadtoothercountriesParagraph1LuYuandhisbookChaJingParagraph2HowteaspreadtoothercountriesParagraph3Howteawasinventedbyaccident2.先邀請幾位同學(xué)閱讀短文（可一人一段），教師要注意學(xué)生的語音，給予必要的朗讀指導(dǎo)。然后播放錄音，全班同學(xué)一起跟讀。（3分鐘）3.短文內(nèi)容鞏固練習(xí)。教師可給出一篇改寫了的短文，將一些重點(diǎn)的表達(dá)方式空出。讓學(xué)生在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)補(bǔ)全短文。然后邀請若干同學(xué)給出自己的答案。（4分鐘）Teaisthemostpopulardrinkintheworld.Buttooursurprise,itwasinventedbyaccident.Itwasn'tbroughttowesternworlduntil1610,butitwasdiscovered3,000yearsearlier.AnancientChineselegendsaysShenNongdiscoveredtheteawhenhewasboilingdrinkingwaterintheopenair.Someleavesfromanearbybushfellintothewaterandremainedthereforsometime.Andapleasantsmellcamefromthewaterthen.Hetastedthemixtureanditwaswonderful.Andinthisway,teawasinvented.4.完成教材3b的任務(wù)，要求學(xué)生再次閱讀短文內(nèi)容，回答3b中所提出的問題（5分鐘）5.用3c方框中所給的單詞的正確形式完成句子；設(shè)置一個(gè)5分鐘的時(shí)限；然后請5位同學(xué)分別朗讀句子，同時(shí)核對答案。1.invented2.drunk3.produced4.brought5.traded6、閱讀填表Afteryouread,answerthe4questionsfollowingthearticle.1.Whatisthearticleabout?Itisabouttheinventionoftea.2.Whenwasitinvented?Itwasinventedoverthreethousandyearsbefore1610.3.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyShenNong.4.Howwasitinvented?TherulerShenNongnoticedthattheleavesfromanearbybushinthewaterproducedapleasantsmell.Hetastedthehotmixture.Itwasquitedelicious.7、閱讀重點(diǎn)句子1）.Themostpopulardrinkintheworldwasinventedbyaccident?世界上最受歡迎的飲料是被偶然發(fā)明的。2）.ManypeoplebelievethatteawasfirstdrunkbyShenNongnearly5.000yearsago.許多人相信茶是在將近五千年前由神農(nóng)首先喝的。3）.Anicesmellwasproducedwhenthetealeavesdroppedintothehotwater.當(dāng)茶葉落入熱水中時(shí)發(fā)出一種很香的味道。4）.Italsodiscusseswherethefinesttealeaveswereproducedandwhatkindsofwaterwereused.它也討論了什么地方出產(chǎn)最好的茶葉并且用什么樣的水。5）.ItisbelievedthatteawasbroughttoKoreaandJapanduringthe6thand7thcenturies.已確信茶是在六到七世紀(jì)期間被帶到韓國和日本的四、總結(jié)（引深探究15分鐘）重點(diǎn)單詞1.nearlyadv.幾乎，差不多；2.boilv.煮沸，燒開；3.remainv.保持不變；剩余；4.nationaladj.國家的，民族的；重點(diǎn)短語1.byaccident偶然，意外地2.aChineserulercalledShenNong一位叫神農(nóng)的中國統(tǒng)治者3.overtheopenfire在火堆上4.fallintothewater落入水中5.maketea泡茶6.takeplace發(fā)生7.withoutdoubt毫無疑問8.thesaintoftea茶圣詞語運(yùn)用1.remain(v.)保持；剩余；殘余remain意為“停留，留下”，相當(dāng)于stay?！按粼谀抢铩笨梢哉fremain/staythere，但“呆在家里”只能說stay(at)home?！緜湔n例句】Sheremainsinthehouseallthesedays.她這些天一直呆在那棟房子里。Theyallwishedustoremain.他們都希望我們留下來?！緳M向輻射】remain作連系動詞remain用作連系動詞，意為“保持(某種狀態(tài))，繼續(xù)存在，仍舊是”，后面接形容詞，名詞，分詞，不定式或介詞短語。【例句】Sheremainedsittingwhentheycamein．他們進(jìn)來時(shí)，她仍然坐著(沒有站起來)。PeterbecameamanagerbutJohnremainedaworker.彼得當(dāng)上了經(jīng)理,但約翰仍然是一個(gè)工人。Whatevergreatprogressyouhavemade,youshouldremainmodest.無論你取得了多么大的進(jìn)步,你都應(yīng)一直保持謙虛。Thisremainstobeproved.這有待證實(shí)。(將來被動動作)Whetheritwilldousgoodremainstobeseen.這是否對我們有好處,還要看一看?！菊n堂變式】Theleaves____inthewaterforalongtime.A.cameB.remainedC.livedD.arrived【解析】根據(jù)foralongtime可知是指樹葉在水中停留了很長時(shí)間，正確答案是B。2.byaccident偶然地；意外地【備課例句】Hemadethismistakebyaccident.他犯這個(gè)錯誤純屬偶然?！菊n堂變式】Shefoundherkeys_____whenshecleanedherroomaftershelostthemtwoweeksago.A.withmistakeB.inthiswayC.byaccidentD.withpleasure【解析】由whenshecleanedherroomaftershelostthemtwoweeksago可知她是偶然地找到了她丟失的鑰匙，正確答案是C。3.Inthisway,youwillfindtheanswertothisquestion.用這種方法，你可以找到這個(gè)問題的答案。知識拓展way主要有以下幾種用法：◎表示“方法”，接不定式，...waytodosth這一結(jié)構(gòu)等于...wayofdoingsth。Scientistsaretryingtofindwaystoprevent(ofpreventing)disease.科學(xué)家們正在尋找預(yù)防疾病的方法。Therearemanywaysoftraveling(totravel),forexample,byair.旅行有許多方式，例如乘飛機(jī)。◎表示“路途”，“路線”，常構(gòu)成onone’s/thewayto...“在……的途中”。在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞to表示方向，后接名詞。如果后面接地點(diǎn)副詞如here,there,home時(shí)則不用to。I’monmywayhome.我正在回家的路上。She’sonherwaytoseethefilm.她正在去看電影的路上。◎表示“方向”。Lookthisway.看這邊。Gothatway.往那邊走?！虮硎尽熬嚯x”，“路程”。Beijingisalongwayfromhere.北京離這里很遠(yuǎn)。4.InEngland,teadidn’tappearuntilaround1660.在英國，茶直到1660年才出現(xiàn)。此句是由until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。not..until意為“只到…才…”。【備課例句】Shedidn’tleaveuntilIfeltbetter.只到我感覺好點(diǎn)了，她才離開。【橫向輻射】until的用法until常用作介詞或連詞，用來引導(dǎo)介詞短語或從句在句子中作時(shí)間狀語。1.在肯定句中，until與延續(xù)性、持續(xù)性動詞連用，表示“直到……為止”。Iworkeduntillateintheafternoon.我一直干到下午很晚的時(shí)候。2.在否定句中，until常與瞬間動詞、短暫性動詞連用，表示“直到……才……”，“不到……不……”。Theraindidn’tstopuntilmidnight.雨直到半夜才停。Iwon’tleaveuntilyoupromisetohelpme.你不答應(yīng)幫助我，我不會離開。【課堂變式】—HowwasyourclimbingMount.Huang?—Ididn’tbelieveIcoulddoit______Igottothetop.A.untilwhileC.afterD.and【解析】考查連詞用法。not…until…直到……才……。根據(jù)句意“直到我爬到山頂我才相信我能做到”可知選A。五、練評（包含“考點(diǎn)鏈接”應(yīng)用探究6分鐘）（）1.ItwasinventedEdisonA.byB.inC.forD.to（）2.ThiswatchChina.A.wasmadeinB.wasmadebyC.wasmadefromD.wasmadeof（）3.--wasthecarinvented?--Itwasinventedin1983.A.WhenB.WhyC.HowD.Who（）4.itrainedyesterday,Istillwentonatrip.A.AlthoughB.ButC.BecauseD.And（）5.Basketballbypeopleallovertheworld.A.isenjoyedB.islikeC.loveD.enjoyed（）6.Pensareusedforonpaper.A.writeB.writingC.towriteD.wrote【課題】Unit6Whenwasitinvented?SectionA4a—4c【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】總結(jié)一般過去時(shí)態(tài)被動語態(tài)【學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)】運(yùn)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài)完成相應(yīng)練習(xí)【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】觀察總結(jié)思考運(yùn)用—鞏固練習(xí)【教學(xué)過程】導(dǎo)入（啟發(fā)探究3分鐘）SA:Whenwasthecarinvented?SB:Itwasinventedin1885.SA:Whenwereelectricslippersinvented?SB:Theywereinventedlastyear.SA:Whoweretheyinventedby?SB:TheywereinventedbyJulieThompson.SA:Whatweretheyusedfor?SB:Theywereusedforseeinginthedark.Thomas/t?m?s/Watson/w?ts?n/托馬斯?沃森p.44Questions:1.Whatinventiondoyoulikebest?Why?______________________________________________2.Whatinventiondoyouhatealot?______________________________________________3.Listasmanyofthemasyoucan.“二十世紀(jì)最糟糕的發(fā)明是什么?”就是人們每天大量使用的塑料袋。誕生于上個(gè)世紀(jì)三十年代的塑料袋，其家族包括用塑料制成的快餐飯盒、包裝紙、餐用杯盤、飲料瓶、酸奶杯、雪糕杯等等。這些廢棄物形成的垃圾，數(shù)量多、體積大、重量輕、不降解，給治理工作帶來很多技術(shù)難題和社會問題。比如，散落在田間、路邊及草叢中的塑料餐盒，一旦被牲畜吞食，就會危及健康甚至導(dǎo)致死亡。填埋廢棄塑料袋、塑料餐盒的土地，不能生長莊稼和樹木，造成土地板結(jié)，而焚燒處理這些塑料垃圾，則會釋放出多種化學(xué)有毒氣體，其中一種稱為二噁英的化合物，毒性極大。二、自學(xué)（自主探究6分鐘）1、拼讀、記憶單詞fridge/frid?/n.冰箱p.44translate/tr?nsleit/v.翻譯p.44lock/l?k/,/la:k/v.鎖上；鎖住p.44earthquake/?:(r)θkweik/n.地震p.44sudden/s?d?n/adj.突然（的）p.44allofasudden突然;猛地p.44biscuit/biskit/n.餅干p.44cookie/kuki/n.曲奇餅干p.44instrument/instrum?nt/n.器械；儀器；工具p.442、【新詞自查】根據(jù)漢語提示完成單詞。1.Theboylosthisparentsduringthelastyear’searthquake(地震).2.Thestudentswereaskedtotranslate(翻譯)thestoryintoEnglish.3.Thepolicefoundthelostboyunderthedestroyedhousethroughaninstrument(儀器)。4.Ionlyhavesomebiscuits(餅干)andaglassofmilkeverymorning.5.Ifyoucan’teatallthesefruit,youmayputsomeintoyourfridge(冰箱).3、閱讀一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài)句子，感悟其結(jié)構(gòu)、用法、句型變化。1.Whenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.拉鏈?zhǔn)鞘裁磿r(shí)候發(fā)明的？它是在1893年被發(fā)明的。2.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.它是由誰發(fā)明的？--它是被惠特科姆.賈德森發(fā)明的。3.Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.這個(gè)冰箱被以低價(jià)賣掉了。4.Thestudentsweretoldnottoeatordrinkinclass.學(xué)生們被告知在課堂上既不吃或喝任何東西。三、交流（合作探究10分鐘）完成教材4a-4c1.要求學(xué)生翻開課本P44，參照4a所提供的信息和例句，用被動語態(tài)改寫句子.給出5分鐘的時(shí)限，并請另4位同學(xué)在黑板上改寫，全班集體核對答案。（5分鐘）參考答案2.Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroombysomebody.3.Wherewerethesephotostaken?.4.Weareadvisedbyourparentsnottogooutalone.5.Thebookwastranslatedbydifferentwritersintodifferentlanguages.2.用所給單詞的正確形式完成4b句子。給出5分鐘的時(shí)限，并請另個(gè)5位同學(xué)朗讀句子，全班集體核對答案。1.wereinvited2.werebrought3.waslocked,rang4.weretold,broke5.wereeaten,asked3.先瀏覽4c的短文，確定空格處的動詞是用主動形式還是被動形式，然后用動詞的正確形式填空完成短文。給出5分鐘的時(shí)限，并請1位同學(xué)朗讀短文，全班集體核對答案。1.wasinvented2.wasborn