Unit2Travelling知識(shí)講義牛津譯林版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)

牛津版譯林英語(yǔ)8B知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit2Travelling1.I'vebeentherebefore.CanIjoinyou?OK.Getready!【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:joinvt.加入加入某一組織、黨派、社會(huì)團(tuán)體或某一人群中，從而成為其成員。join+club/army/team/group/人稱代詞賓格拓展：①takepartin參加(某項(xiàng)工作、活動(dòng)、游戲或會(huì)議等)takepartinthesportsmeeting②joinin參加(小規(guī)模的活動(dòng)，如游戲等)③joinsb.indoingsth.加入某人當(dāng)中做…④attend：出席會(huì)議、參加婚禮、集會(huì)等【隨堂練習(xí)】1.—Areyouabasketballplayerinyourschool?—Yes.Itheteam3yearsago.Iinitfor3years.A.joined;wasB.wasjoined;amC.havejoined;havebeenD.joined;havebeen2.—It'ssunnytoday.Whynothaveapicnic?—Soundsgreat!Let'saskthetwinstous.AjoinBjoininCtakepartinDjointo【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:have/hasgoneto和have/hasbeentohavebeento表示“去而已返”,不能與howlong搭配使用,但可以與twice、fivetimes、before等狀語(yǔ)搭配使用havegoneto表示“去而未返”,不能與howlong搭配使用havebeenin/at表示“已經(jīng)在某地”，可以與howlong搭配使用【隨堂練習(xí)】1.—Whyareyouworried?—I’mexpecting(期盼)acallfrommydaughter.She______NewYorkforthreedays.A.hasgoneto B.hasbeentoC.hasbeenin D.hasein2.—WhereisDiananow?Someonewantsheronthephone.—She_______theprintingroom.Shewillbebacksoon.A.wentto B.hasbeento C.hasbeenin D.hasgoneto3.Julie’sfather______toLondonlastmonth.He______therethreetimes.A.went;hadgone B.went;hasbeentoC.went;hasbeen D.hasbeen;hasbeen4.—Sofar,howlong________you_________China?—Foroneyear.A.have;eto B.have;beento C.have;beenin D.have;goneto2.I'msoexcited!【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:excitedadj.興奮的,激動(dòng)的(1)beexcitedat/aboutsth.對(duì)某事感到興奮(2)beexcitedtodosth.對(duì)做某事感到興奮(3)beexcited+that從句因……而興奮辨析:excited與excitingexcited興奮的，激動(dòng)的做表語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)為人exciting令人興奮的作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，一般修飾物【隨堂練習(xí)】3.Idon'tthinkit'llbeaholidayforme.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】：否定前移(1)當(dāng)主句主語(yǔ)是第一人稱時(shí)，英語(yǔ)中習(xí)慣將think、believe、suppose(假設(shè)；認(rèn)為)、guess（猜想）等動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用否定形式，而從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用肯定形式。其反義疑問(wèn)部分與從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞保持一致。如:Iguessthattheyhavenotgotmarried.(×)Idon'tguessthattheyhavegotmarried.(?)【隨堂練習(xí)】1.IJackgotothecinemawithyoutonight.Healwayswatchesfilmswithme.A.think;won'tB.don'tthink;willC.don'tthink;isD.think;isn'tgoingto2.Hello,IyouwereinLondon.Howlonghere?A.don'tknow,wereyouB.hadn'tknown,areyouC.haven'tknown,areD.didn'tknow,haveyoubeen3.Imissyousomuch.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:miss/m?s/(1)vt.想念，思念Eg.WhatdidyoumissmostwhenyouwereinFrance?(2)vt.錯(cuò)過(guò)miss(doing)sth.錯(cuò)過(guò)(做)某事(3)missingadj.失蹤的(sth.bemissing=sth.belost)到目前為止，警方還沒(méi)有找到失蹤的男孩。Sofar,thepolice___________________the__________boy.4.Itmovedathighspeedandwasreallyexciting!Wewerescreamingandlaughingthroughtheride.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:speed/spi:d/(1)n.速度、速率，常與介詞at搭配athigh/lowspeed以高/低/全/最高速ata/thespeedof…以…的速度Eg.Hedrovehiscarataspeedof80km/h.Thebusistravellingathighspeed.(2)v.急駛(過(guò))spedspedspeedup加速Eg.Thetrain________(speed)toNanjingjustnow.speedtosp.急駛?cè)ァ局R(shí)點(diǎn)二】：throughtheridethrough從頭到尾1.Wescreamedandlaugh___________thewholetrip.A.across B.through C.over D.on【隨堂練習(xí)】1.Heoftendrivesata________(速度)of160kilometersanhour.It'sverydangerous.2.Younoticethatyourbreathinghas__________(speed)upalot.3.Look,highspeedtherollercoaster!A.how;ismovingB.what;ismovingC.how;ismovingatD.what;ismovingat4.Therollercoastermovedhighspeedandtheywerescreamingandlaughingtheride.A.in;throughB.at;throughC.in;duringD.at;below5.Therollercoastergoesstraightupanddown.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:straight(1)adv.筆直地;徑直estraighthomestraightaway立刻；馬上=rightaway/atonce/immediately/??mi?di?tli/(2)adj.直的longstraightblackhair1.Sandytoldmehewouldtakea_____flighttofly_______toKorea.A.directly;straight B.direct;straightlyC.directly;straightly D.direct;straight6.Next,wehurriedtoarestauranthaveaquickmeal.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:hurry(1)vi匆忙，趕快hurryto+地點(diǎn)名詞匆忙去某地hurrytodosth.匆忙做某事hurryup趕快(2)n.匆忙inahurry匆忙;迅速6.Ontheway,wemetsomeDisneycartooncharacters,suchasSnowWhiteandMickeyMouse.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:character/?k?r?kt?(r)/(1)(n.)(書籍、戲劇或電影中的)人物;角色amajor/minorcharacterinthemovie一部電影里的主要/次要角色(2)(n.)品質(zhì)，性格Generosity(/d?en?'r?s?t?慷慨)ispartoftheChinesecharacter.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:suchas例如【區(qū)分】suchas和forexampleEg:Ihavemanyhobbies,suchascollectingstamps,playingbasketballandsoonTherearemanykindsofpollution,forexample,noiseisakindofpollution.①suchas后面沒(méi)有逗號(hào)，常接多個(gè)并列的例子(名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)等)。只能放于句中，不能獨(dú)立成句suchas在任務(wù)型閱讀中?？梢赞D(zhuǎn)化成介詞:like(像)②forexample后面有逗號(hào),常接一個(gè)具體的例子。可置于句首、句中或句末★【重點(diǎn)】so和such/s?t?/用法區(qū)分(分四種情況)(1)so+形容詞/副詞，后面沒(méi)有名詞的情況。Thegirlissobeautifulthateveryboylikesher.such+名詞.Heissuchaman.(他是這樣一個(gè)人)(2)如果后面是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，則用so/such都可以，但結(jié)構(gòu)不同。Sheissobeautifulagirlthateveryboylikesher.(so+形+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞)Sheissuchabeautifulgirlthateveryboylikesher.(such+a/an+形+單數(shù)名詞)(3)such+形容詞+n.(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞)例:①TheyaresuchdeliciouscakesthatI’dliketwomore.(4)如果與many/much/few/little這四個(gè)詞連用時(shí),而且它們表示“多”或“少”的含義時(shí)必須用so.如果不是表示“多”或“少”的含義時(shí)，仍然用按(2)和(3)的規(guī)則來(lái)判斷。①Therearesomanytreesinourschool.②Thereissolittlemilkintheglass.★特別注意區(qū)別:sofewsheep如此少的綿羊(sheep為復(fù)數(shù))suchalittlesheep=solittleasheep如此小的一只綿羊(sheep為單數(shù))suchlittlesheep如此小的綿羊(sheep為復(fù)數(shù))【隨堂練習(xí)】(1)Aswellastheusualactivities,sailingandclimbing,therewasawritingclassinthesummercamp.A.becauseofB.togetherwithC.suchasD.insteadof(2)Whatdoyouthinkoffilm“OperationRedSea”?Oh,it'ssuchexcitingfilm.I'dliketoseeitagain.A.the;aB.the;anC.a;theD.an;/(3)What'syourhobby,Andy?Well,Ihavemanyhobbies,travelling,singingandcollectingstamps.A.forexampleB.asC.suchasD.insteadof(4)Itwasweatherthatallofthemwentoutforawalk.A.sofineB.sofineaC.suchfineD.suchafine7.We’rehavingafantastictimehere.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:fantastic/f?n?t?st?k/(adj.)極好的，美妙的afantasticachievement了不起的成就(做....)玩得開心，過(guò)得愉快haveafantastictimedoingsth.8.Iranafterthemandcouldn'tstoptakingphotos.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:runafterthem追趕他們【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:can’tstopdoingsth.情不自禁/忍不住做某事=can’thelpdoingsth.我們?nèi)滩蛔≡跓熁鹣屡牧撕芏嗾掌ecouldn'tstoptakingalotofphotosunderthefireworks.【隨堂練習(xí)】1.Peoplecouldn'thelpthefoolishemperorintheprocession.A.laughatB.tolaughatC.laughingatD.laughingon2.Whilethefilm,Icouldn'tstopatsomehumorousmoments.A.watching;laughingB.watched;laughingC.watching;tolaughD.watched;tolaugh3.Theycouldn’tstop_______________(laugh)whentheywatchedthefunnyshow.9.Wecouldevensmelltheapplepieandfeelthewind.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:feel/fi:l/(vt.)感覺(jué)到，意識(shí)到(1)feelsb./sth.dosth.感覺(jué)某人做了某事/經(jīng)常做某事(2)feelsb./sth.doingsth.感覺(jué)某人正在某事Eg.Whentheearthquakehappened,Ifeltthebuildingshakinghard.(3)feellikedoingsth.想要做某事(4)feeling(cn.)情緒；感情我不是故意傷害你的感情。Idon'tmeantohurtyourfeelings.【隨堂練習(xí)】1.Thissilkdresssosmooth.It'smadeinChina.A.feelsB.smellsC.soundsD.tastes2.—Doesthesoupnice?—Yes.It'shot,butreallydelicious.A.soundB.feelC.lookD.taste3.Howfortablethewind(feel)!It'ssoftandwarm.4.He'sarudeman.Whathesaidhashurtmy(feel).10.Iboughtacoupleofkeyringsforclassmates.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:couple/?k?pl/(1)夫妻(CP)ayoung/anelderlycouple年輕/老年夫婦(2)兩人，兩件事物；幾個(gè)人，幾件事物①acoupleof一對(duì)②幾個(gè)，幾件(同=afew,several)我給我的同學(xué)們買了一些鑰匙圈。Iboughtacoupleofkeyringsformyclassmates.【隨堂練習(xí)】1.Ifoundaofsocksinthebedroom,buttheydidn'tmakea.A.pair;coupleB.pair;doubleC.couple;pairD.couple;twice2.Acoupleof(month)afterhisbestfriendmovedtoSydney,hefeltquitelonely.3.HislastpublicconcertwillbeoninShanghaiina(幾個(gè))ofmonths.11.Attheendoftheday,wewatchedthefireworksinfrontofSleepingBeautyCastle.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:含end的短語(yǔ)(1)attheendof在……結(jié)束時(shí),在……末端(盡頭)Theshopissituated_____________thestreet.(2)intheend=atlast=finallyIwassaved_____________.(3)bytheendof到······末,只能接時(shí)間Thepopulationofthistownwillbe1.5million_______________2022.(4)endupwith...：以...終止Thestory_______________hisdeath.(5)endless(adj.)無(wú)盡的【隨堂練習(xí)】1.Ithinkthefilmistooweak.A.intheendofB.attheendC.intheendD.totheend2.Shelookedeverywhereforherbookbuthadtoreturnhomewithoutit.A.lastlyB.attheendC.intheendD.atthelast3.oftheday,wewerealltired,sowehadtotakeataxibackhome.A.OntheendB.IntheendC.AbouttheendD.Attheend12.Thefishhavebeendeadforsometime.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:deadadj.死的(1)diev.死(2)deathn.死(3)dyingadj.奄奄一息的；垂死的單詞詞性詞義例句die動(dòng)詞死亡Hisgrandfatherdiedlastyear.death名詞死亡Shecriedafterherhusband’sdeath.dying形容詞奄奄一息的Thedyingmanwassavedfinally.dead形容詞死的；Hefoundadeadbird.【隨堂練習(xí)】1.Theoldwoman__________tenyearsago.2.Shewasworkingonthedayofher_______________.3.Sheknewshewas____________.4.He__________________forthreeyears.5．Anoldman__________inawoodenhouse.Nobodyknewwhenhe______.A．wasfounddead;died B．hasdied;diedC．wasfounddead;death D．hasbeendead;die6.—Someoftheanimals__________thepollution.—Right.Thegovernmentwillfindwaystosolvetheproblem.A．dieto B．diein C．dieof D．diefrom7．Pandaswoulddie______ifpeoplewereallowedtohunt______theywished.A．out;asmanyas B．a(chǎn)way;morethanC．off;asmuchas D．out;lessthan13.Shecangothereinanyseasonexceptwinter.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:exceptprep.除了……以外，從整體中除去……，減考點(diǎn)1.except,besides與exceptfor辨析例：AllofusexceptDavidwenttoseeafilm,becausehewasill. AllofusbesidesDavidwenttoseeafilm,andhepaidtheticketsforus. Exceptforherillnesses,shehadaparticularlyhappychildhood. except 除了……以外（－）不包括（放句中）besides除了……之外還有（＋）包括exceptfor 除了……以外（－）不包括（放句首、句中都可以）考點(diǎn)2：Aexcept/besidesB做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)遵循就遠(yuǎn)原則，A確定謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)?！倦S堂練習(xí)】1.—Iworkeveryday________Sunday.—Solet’sgotothemoviesthisSunday.A．except B．on C．including D．during2.Healsowritesnovelsinhissparetime________asateacher.A．beside B．besides C．except D．exceptfor3.NooneexceptTomandJim___________(be)toParisbefore.4.Youcandoanythingyoulikeexcept___________(make)anynoise.14.MydadhasbeentoChengduonbusinesstwice.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:business/?b?zn?s/(1)n.商業(yè)，生意出差onbusiness商人businessmanEg.IneedtogotoLondononbusinesstomorrow(2)n.事情Eg.It’snoneofyourbusiness.補(bǔ)：busyadj.忙碌的忙于某事bebusywithsth.忙于做某事bebusy(in)doingsth15.We’regoingtotakeadirectflighttoChengdu.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:directadj.(1)直達(dá)的，直接的(2)直率的，坦率的說(shuō)明人的性格。補(bǔ)；directly(adv.)直接地 indirectly(adv.)間接地direction(n.)方向【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:flight/fla?t/(n.)(1)航班，航行國(guó)際航班international/??nt??n??n?l/flight直達(dá)航班adirectflight(2)飛行飛行安全flightsafety【隨堂練習(xí)】1.Thereisa______________(徑直的)traintoBeijing.Ittakes3hours.2.I’dliketoaska____________(直接的)question.Howlonghaveyouknownthatman?3.It’saboutanhour’s______________(fly)fromyourcitytomyhometown.16.Mainpointsanddetails.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:point/p??nt/n.要點(diǎn)v.指著指向...pointat...指出...pointout...他們指著從大街上駛過(guò)去的紅車。Theypointedattheredcardrivingacrossthestreet.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)二】:detail/?di:te?l/（cn.）細(xì)節(jié)詳細(xì)地indetailDetailsdeterminesuccessorfailure.細(xì)節(jié)決定成敗。在我們制定計(jì)劃之前，我們最好詳細(xì)地討論每件事。We'dbetterdiscusseverythingindetailbeforeweworkouttheplan.17.MyparentsandIleftfortheairportintheearlymorning.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:leave/li?v/（v.）（過(guò)）left(1)離開動(dòng)身前往某地leavefor+sp離開A前往BleaveAforB(2)留下，遺忘leavesth.sp.Eg.Ileftmyhomeworkathome.(3)使...處于某種狀態(tài)Eg.Pleaseleavethedooropen!leftadj剩下的，作后置定語(yǔ)Eg.Isthereanycoffeeleft?18.Sheboughtalotofpresentsforourrelativesandherfriends.【知識(shí)點(diǎn)一】:relative/?rel?t?v/(cn.)親戚e.g.Adistantrelativemaynotbeashelpfulasanearneighbour.遠(yuǎn)親不如近鄰。遠(yuǎn)親distantrelatives近親closerelatives19.IhopeIcanvisititagainsomeday.someday表示將來(lái)的某一天，常用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)20.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)重要時(shí)間標(biāo)志Eg.Mycousinboughtabikelastweek.(同義句)Mycousin_____hadabike______lastweek.1.since的用法：(1).since+過(guò)去的一個(gè)_________(2).since+____________的從句(3).since+一段時(shí)間____________(4)._____/hasbeen+一段時(shí)間+since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)的從句2.for的用法：(1).for+________Greatchangeshavetakenplace______youleft.Itisfouryears______I______(e)here.Hehaskeptthebook______twoweeks.3.for與since的同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Eg.IhavebeeninChangzhoufortenyears.(用since變同義句)=IhavebeeninChangzhousincetenyearsago.for+一段時(shí)間=since+一段時(shí)間+ago4.for+一段時(shí)間并非只是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的“專利”Eg.Iworkedthereformorethantwentyyears,butIworkherenow.我在那里工作了20多年，但現(xiàn)在我在這里工作。(過(guò)去一段時(shí)間在那兒工作，現(xiàn)在不了，用一般過(guò)去時(shí))Eg.Sofar,Ihaveworkedhereformorethantwentyyear