Unit4LivingwithTechnologyReading語言點課件高中英語譯林版（2020）選擇性

B5U4Livingwithtechnology

LanguagepointsImaginewakinguponemorningwiththeoptionofstayinginbedandpressingabuttontosendarobottodoalltheworkforyou.Howcoolthatwouldbe!Itmayseemlikebuildingcastlesintheair,butgiventherateatwhichartificialintelligence,orAl,isbeingdeveloped,inthefuturesuchdreamsmayactuallycometrue.想象一下，某天早上你醒來，可以選擇繼續(xù)躺在床上，按下一個按鈕，就能召來一臺機器人為你處理所有的工作。那該有多酷啊!這聽起來可能像是在建空中樓閣，但鑒于人工智能(AI)目前的發(fā)展速度，這樣的夢想在將來也許真的可以實現(xiàn)。prep.考慮到引導(dǎo)定語從句主句(1)prep. 鑒于，考慮到(相當(dāng)于considering

或inviewof)given+that... 在句中作狀語=consideringthat…(2)adj. 指定的,所述的,特定的(作前置定語)_______________________,they'vedoneagoodjob.考慮到他們經(jīng)驗,他們已經(jīng)做得不錯了。GiventheirexperienceAtthebasiclevel,artificialintelligenceisabranchofcomputersciencethataimstocreateintelligentmachines.OneoftheessentialaimsofAlistodevelopcomputerintelligencecapableoflearningfromexperience,adjustingtonewinputsandperformingtaskslikehumans.從基礎(chǔ)層面上講，人工智能是計算機科學(xué)的一個分支學(xué)科，其目標是研發(fā)智能機器。AI的基本目標之一，是開發(fā)能夠?qū)W習(xí)過往經(jīng)驗、適應(yīng)新的輸入內(nèi)容并且能夠像人類一樣執(zhí)行任務(wù)的計算機智能。of后三個并列v.-ing做賓語。(1)becapableof(doing)sth. 有能力做某事(2)capability n. 能力,才能Hewaselectedasmanagerforhisexcellent__________(capable)ofleadership.Annewasintelligentand_________________________withease.安妮很聰明，能夠輕易地通過考試。capabilitycapableofpassingexams

……,adjustingtonewinputsandperformingtaskslikehumans.e.g.Forexample,themomentyougetontheairplane,startadjustingyourbiologicalclocktothedestination’stime.Ittookherawhiletoadjusttolivingalone.Weshouldadjustourselvestothechangingworld.Themanagerhasmadeafewadjustmentstothedesign.adjustvi.&vt.調(diào)整；（使）適合【搭配】adjuststh.tosth.調(diào)整……以適應(yīng)…….adjust

to

sth./

doingsth.適應(yīng)（做）某事adjustoneselfto使自己適應(yīng)于makeanadjustment做出調(diào)整Practicemakesperfect.你將很快適應(yīng)學(xué)生生活。他很快地適應(yīng)了陌生的環(huán)境。公司對我的薪金作了調(diào)整。You'll

quickly

adjust

yourselfto

student

life.Hequicklyadjustedtotheunfamiliarenvironment.Thecompanymadeanadjustmentinmysalary.Toachievethisaim,manyapproachestocreatingtrueAlhavebeenputforward,including“deeplearning",whichenablesamachinetoimproveitsownperformancebylearningfromtheresultsofitspreviousactions.Deep-learningAlhasthecapacitytoanalysemassiveamountsofdatathroughmultiplelayers,imitatingthecomplexnetworksofthehumanbrain.為了實現(xiàn)這個目標，人們提出過許多創(chuàng)造真正的AI的方法，其中包括“深度學(xué)習(xí)”--這種方法可以讓機器通過學(xué)習(xí)自己先前的行為結(jié)果，來提升自身性能。深度學(xué)習(xí)AI擁有從多個層次分析海量信息的能力，它模擬的是人腦的復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)。analysevt．→__________n．分析;分解(pl.analyses)

analysisToachievethisaim,manyapproachestocreatingtrueAIhavebeenputforward.e.g.AsChineseNewYearisapproaching,ourclassdecidedtoholdapartytocelebratetheimportantday.Ihaveananalyticalapproachtoeverysurvey.Manykindsofbirdsflysouthattheapproachofwinter.approachvt.接近；靠近；商洽n.接近；方法；途徑【搭配】(an)approachto(doing)sth.(做）某事的方法（途徑）attheapproachof臨近……的時候Practicemakesperfect.當(dāng)他們走近時，那個小男孩跑開了并藏了起來。我們應(yīng)該采用另一種方法來解決這一問題。春天來臨，雪融化了。Whentheyapproached,thelittleboyranawayandhid.Weneedtotakeadifferentapproachtotheproblem.Thesnowmeltedawayattheapproachofspring.Deep-learningAIhasthecapacitytoanalysemassiveamountsofdatathroughmultiplelayers,e.g.Manyoftheelderlypeoplehaveagreatcapacityforhardwork.Iappreciateyourcapacitytolearnforeignlanguagesoquickly.capacityn.領(lǐng)悟（或理解，辦事）能力；容量；容積；職位；職責(zé)；生產(chǎn)量【搭配】acapacityfor(doing)sth.（做）某事的能力acapacityto

do

sth.做某事的能力ThedreamofAlhasbeenaroundforcenturies,andthedevelopmentofcomputerssincethe1940shasfinallymadeitareality.Yearsbeforetheterm"artificialintelligence“wascoinedinthemid-1950s,thetheoryhadbeenexploredbyAlanTuring,oneofthepioneersinthefieldofcomputerscience.However,foralongtime,Altechnologydevelopedveryslowly.AI的夢想已經(jīng)存在了幾個世紀，而20世紀40年代以來計算機的發(fā)展，終于讓這個夢想成為現(xiàn)實?！叭斯ぶ悄堋边@個術(shù)語是在20世紀50年代中期被創(chuàng)造出來的，而在好幾年前，這一理論就被計算機科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū)之一艾倫·圖靈探索過。然而在很長一段時間里，AI技術(shù)發(fā)展得相當(dāng)緩慢。AmajorbreakthroughinAIcamein1997,whenDeepBlue,achessplayingcomputer,beattheworldchesschampionGarryKasparovThenin2017,acomputerprogramnamedAlphaGodefeatedKeJie,arguablythebesthumanGoplayer,whichdemonstratedasignificantadvanceindeep-learningAlsystems.1997年，AI發(fā)展有了一個重大突破，當(dāng)時一臺名叫深藍的國際象棋計算機打敗了國際象棋世界冠軍加里·卡斯帕羅夫。之后在2017年，一個叫阿爾法圍棋的計算機程序下贏了可謂人類最強的圍棋棋手柯潔，這說明了深度學(xué)習(xí)AI系統(tǒng)的一大顯著進展。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個主句。Nowadays,Alisalreadybeingappliedinmanyfields:finance,healthcare,machinetranslationandart,tonamebutafew.Fromautonomousvehiclestodomesticrobots,fromrecommendationsystemstocomputerswritingnovels,Alhasanunlimitednumberofapplications.OrdinarypeoplearenowusingAItogetinstanttranslationsoftextinforeignlanguages,andmachinescanrecognizefingerprintsandevenfaces.如今，AI已經(jīng)應(yīng)用于許多領(lǐng)域，如金融、醫(yī)療保健、機器翻譯和藝術(shù)等，不一而足。從自動駕駛車輛到家用機器人，從推薦系統(tǒng)到撰寫小說的電腦，AI有著不計其數(shù)的應(yīng)用。普通人現(xiàn)在能夠使用AI獲取外語文本的即時翻譯，機器也已經(jīng)能夠識別人們的指紋甚至面容。inshort,thistechnologyistransformingthewaywelive.ltisclearthatweareataturningpointinhistory.WithmachineslikeAlphaGonowcapableofthinkingandlearningfromtheirmistakes,wearegettingclosertothedividinglinebetweenhumansandmachines.Thequestionis,wherewillallthislead?WhileAlenthusiastspromiseusabrightfuturewhereintelligentrobotswillbeworkingtoouradvantage,theseundoubtedbenefitsalsobringconcernsandfears.簡而言之，這項技術(shù)正在改變我們的生活方式。顯然，我們正處于歷史的轉(zhuǎn)折點。有了阿爾法圍棋這種能夠思考并從自身錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)的機器，我們正在向人類與機器的界限越靠越近。問題在于，這一切將會導(dǎo)致什么?AI的熱烈支持者向我們承諾未來會是美好的，到那時智能機器人將為人類謀利;但這些毋庸置疑的好處也帶來了憂慮和恐懼。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾future。Couldmachinesreallydevelophuman-likeintelligence?Andwhatwouldhappeniftheydid?Wouldthinkingmachinesworkalongsidehumansorthreatentheexistenceofhumans?Howwouldtheybepunishediftheycommittedcrimesorevenmurderedhumans?Aswebecomemoreandmoredependentoncomputers,somescientistsareurgingustothinkaboutthedangersposedbytheadvancesinAl.StephenHawking,forexample,warned,“Thedevelopmentoffullartificialintelligencecouldspelltheendofthehumanrace."機器真的能夠發(fā)展出像人類一樣的智能嗎?如果真的可以，又會發(fā)生什么?能夠思考的機器是會與人類并肩工作，還是會威脅人類的生存?如果它們犯了罪甚至謀殺了人類，又該如何懲罰?隨著我們對電腦的依賴越來越深，些科學(xué)家正敦促我們思考AI的進步所帶來的危險。例如，斯蒂芬·霍金就曾警告說:“完全人工智能的發(fā)展可能意味著人類的終結(jié)?！?commitvt.承諾；保證；犯（罪）vi.忠于；全心全意投入→___________adj.盡心盡力的；堅定的→commitmentn.承諾,許諾;獻身;投入;花費committed在學(xué)習(xí)上取得進步的秘密是要把你自己投入進去。（secret）____________________________________________________________________________Thesecrettomakingprogressinstudyistocommit/devote/applyyourselftoit.commitanerror/acrime/suicide 做錯事/犯罪/自殺commitoneselfto(doing)sth專心致志于;承諾/保證(做)某事becommittedto(doing)sth承諾/全身心地投入(做)某事makeacommitment作出承諾(1)urgesb.todosth. 敦促某人做某事urgethat...(should)dosth. 極力主張……做某事(2)urge n. 強烈的愿望；迫切的需要an/theurgetodosth. 做某事的強烈欲望(3)urgent adj. 迫切的；緊急的(4)urgencyn.

緊迫，急迫；急事；緊要Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatare__________(urgent)neededforapatient.Ineverfeltanurge__________(learn)signlanguagebefore.urgentlytolearn

pose

v.造成(威脅,問題等);poseathreat/challenge/danger/risk引起;產(chǎn)生poseaquestion提問,質(zhì)詢poseforsb./sth.(為畫像、攝影)擺好姿勢spell

v.havesth.,usuallysth.bad,asaresult;tomeansth.,usuallysth.bad

招致,意味著(通常指壞事)Apparently,suchwarningsdemandourattention.WeneedtomakesurethatwewillnotfallvictimtoAl.Wemaystillthinkitwouldbefantastictorelaxalldayandallowautonomousmachinestodoalltheworkforus-butperhapsweshouldnotbetoogreedyandratherbecarefulwhatwewishfor!顯然，這樣的警告需要得到我們的重視。我們需要確保自己不會淪為AI的受害者。我們可能還是會認為，可以整天放松，讓自動化機器為我們完成所有工作這樣的生活很美妙-但也許我門不該太過貪婪，而應(yīng)對我們的期待保持謹慎!(1)demandtodosth. 要求做某事demandthat...(should)dosth. 要求……做某事(2)meet/satisfyone’sdemand(s) 滿足某人的需要indemand 非常需要的；受歡迎的(3)demanding adj. 要求高的；費力的；難滿足的Shedemanded____________(tell

)everything

about

the

accident

because

shewas

concerned

about

it.Thepublicdemandedthatthegovernment________________________(增加預(yù)算)tobansmokinginpublic.There'san_______________________organicproductsthesedays.近來對有機產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的需求正在增加。tobetold(should)increasebudgetincreasingdemandforThepassagebelowisaboutfacialrecognitiontechnology.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesintheboxbelow.apparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafewBuildingyourlanguageTechnologyischangingthefaceoftheworld,andnowfacesarechangingtechnologytoo.Facialrecognitiontechnology,withitscapacityto_______ahugeamountofdata,hascomeintowidespreaduse.analyseItworksbycomparingthefacialfeaturesofgivenimageswiththoseinadatabase.Itoffersaquickandcoolalternativetotraditionalpasswords,andyoucannotforgetyourownface!Intheory,____________whichuseourownbodyaspasswordsshouldalsobesaferfromhackersandbetterprotectusfromidentitytheftthanthosethatusetraditionalpasswords,mainlybecauseeveryindividualisunique.networksapparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafewThistechnologyisespeciallyusefulforsecuritychecksinpublicplaces:airportsandrailwaystations,_________________.However,facialrecognitiontechnologyhasalsostartedto_________somedifficultquestions.Expertshavebeengiving___________aboutthistechnology,sayingitmaynotbeasgoodaswethink.tonamebutafewapparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafewwarningsposeFacialexpressionsoftenvary,whichmakesfacialrecognitionlesseffective.Moreover,thereisgrowingconcernthatwemight____________thistechnology,astherearecasesinwhichhackershavebrokenintofacialrecognitionsystemsbyusingpeople’ssocialmediaphotostobuildmodelsoftheirfaces.fallvictimtoapparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafewScientistsandengineers_________________________toimproveexistingtechnologyandmakeitfail-safe._____________,thiswillbeatoughtask.Whateverhappens,weneedtomakesurethatfacialrecognitiontechnologycanbetrusted?orwewillhavetofacetheconsequences.areurged/havebeenurgedApparentlyapparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafew(1)beyondrecognition 認不出來，識別不出(2)recognize v. 認出，識別；承認；接受，認可；贊賞recognize...as/tobe... 承認……是……IwentbacktoBirminghamafter20yearsandithadchanged__________recognition.Werecognizehim_________(be)ahard-workingandhonestperson.Thereis______________________________theurgentneedforgarbageclassification.人們普遍認識到迫切需要進行垃圾分類。beyondageneralrecognitionoftobehavenoalternativebuttodosth. 除了做某事別無選擇analternativetosb./sth. 替代……的人或物Soseriousisthisproblemthatwehavenoalternativebut________(take)someeffectivemeasurestotacklethisproblem.該問題是如此嚴重，因此我們別無選擇只好采取一些切實有效的措施來處理這個問題。totakebreakout 爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生breakin 打斷；強行進入；破門而入breakdown 分解；出故障breakup 終止；分手；放假；破裂breakoff 折斷；中斷；突然停止breakthrough 突破；沖破breakawayfrom 離開；脫離Thecar____________andwehadtowalktothedestination.Scientiststhinktheyarebeginningto_____________inthefightagainstcancer.Closethedoorandwindowscarefullytopreventsomestrangers____________yourhouse.Fires___________everywhereatmidnight,andtheentirecitywentupinflames.brokedownbreakthroughbreakingintobrokeout以非?？斓乃俣? ______________空中樓閣；白日夢(para1) ______________以...的速度;按...的比率 ______________實現(xiàn)，成真；成為現(xiàn)實 ______________調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)整以適應(yīng) ______________一個….的分支(para2) ________有能力做某事;能夠做某事 ______________旨在做... ______________執(zhí)行任務(wù) ______________實現(xiàn)這一目標 ______________……的方法

提出（觀點、建議、方案、辦法、理論等） ______________ataveryrapidpacecastlesintheairata…ratecometrueadjusttoabranchofbecapableofdoingaimtoperformtasksachievethisaimanapproachtosthputforward使某人能夠做某事 ______________有能力做某事 ______________大量的 ______________使某事成為現(xiàn)實(para3) ______________在……方面，在……領(lǐng)域 ______________被應(yīng)用在(para4) ______________略舉數(shù)例 ______________許多的 ______________即時翻譯 ______________總之；簡言之(para5) ______________處于轉(zhuǎn)折點 ______________靠近，接近

______________enablesbtodosthhavethecapacitytodomassiveamountsofmakestharealityinthefieldofbeappliedintonamebutafewanumberofinstanttranslationinshortataturningpointgetcloseto分界線 ______________答應(yīng)某人某事；承諾某人某事 ______________對某人有利；有利于某人 ______________犯罪 ______________變得依賴 ______________敦促某人做某事；強烈要求某人做某事 ______________人類 ______________確信；證實 ______________成為…的犧牲品/受害者；屈服于...(para6) ______________允許某人做某事 ______________盼望，希望得到 ______________人臉識別，面部識別(page47)

______________(a)dividinglinepromisesbsthworktoone’sadvantagecommitcrimesbecomedependentonurgesbtodosthhumanracemakesurefallvictimtosthallowsbtodosthwishforfacialrecognition開始廣泛使用 ______________與…...相比較 ______________一種……替代品 ______________理論上 ______________免受……的傷害；不會遭到……的危險 ______________保護...免受……的傷害

日益擔(dān)憂/關(guān)注 ______________闖入；破門而入 ______________社交媒體 ______________不管發(fā)生什么事，不管出現(xiàn)什么情況 ______________comeintowidespreadusecompare….with…analternativetointheorybesafefromprotect…from…growingconcern(that)breakintosocialmediawhateverhappensImagine__________(wake)uponemorningwiththeoptionofstayinginbedpressingabuttontosendarobottodoalltheworkforyou.Itmayseemlikebuildingcastlesintheair,but_______(give)therate___whichartificialintelligence,orAI,isbeingdeveloped,inthefuturesuchdreamsmayactuallycometrue.OneoftheessentialaimsofAIis___________(develop)computerintelligencecapable_______learningfromexperience,__________(adjust)tonewinputsandperformingtaskslikehumans.Unit4wakingTextReviewgiventodevelopofadjustingat__________(achieve)thisaim,manyapproachestocreatingtrueAIhavebeenputforward.Yearsbeforetheterm“artificialintelligence”_________(coin)inthemid-1950s,thetheory________________(explore)byAlanTuring,oneofthepioneersinthefieldofcomputerscience.AmajorbreakthroughinAIcamein1997,________DeepBlue,achess-playingcomputer,beattheworldchesschampionGarryKasparov.Unit4ToachieveTextReviewwascoinedhadbeenexploredwhen7.Fromrecommendationsystems___computerswritingnovels,AIhasanunlimitednumberof__________