Unit4LivingwithTechnologyReading語言點(diǎn)課件高中英語譯林版（2020）選擇性

B5U4Livingwithtechnology

LanguagepointsImaginewakinguponemorningwiththeoptionofstayinginbedandpressingabuttontosendarobottodoalltheworkforyou.Howcoolthatwouldbe!Itmayseemlikebuildingcastlesintheair,butgiventherateatwhichartificialintelligence,orAl,isbeingdeveloped,inthefuturesuchdreamsmayactuallycometrue.想象一下，某天早上你醒來，可以選擇繼續(xù)躺在床上，按下一個(gè)按鈕，就能召來一臺(tái)機(jī)器人為你處理所有的工作。那該有多酷啊!這聽起來可能像是在建空中樓閣，但鑒于人工智能(AI)目前的發(fā)展速度，這樣的夢想在將來也許真的可以實(shí)現(xiàn)。prep.考慮到引導(dǎo)定語從句主句(1)prep. 鑒于，考慮到(相當(dāng)于considering

或inviewof)given+that... 在句中作狀語=consideringthat…(2)adj. 指定的,所述的,特定的(作前置定語)_______________________,they'vedoneagoodjob.考慮到他們經(jīng)驗(yàn),他們已經(jīng)做得不錯(cuò)了。GiventheirexperienceAtthebasiclevel,artificialintelligenceisabranchofcomputersciencethataimstocreateintelligentmachines.OneoftheessentialaimsofAlistodevelopcomputerintelligencecapableoflearningfromexperience,adjustingtonewinputsandperformingtaskslikehumans.從基礎(chǔ)層面上講，人工智能是計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的一個(gè)分支學(xué)科，其目標(biāo)是研發(fā)智能機(jī)器。AI的基本目標(biāo)之一，是開發(fā)能夠?qū)W習(xí)過往經(jīng)驗(yàn)、適應(yīng)新的輸入內(nèi)容并且能夠像人類一樣執(zhí)行任務(wù)的計(jì)算機(jī)智能。of后三個(gè)并列v.-ing做賓語。(1)becapableof(doing)sth. 有能力做某事(2)capability n. 能力,才能Hewaselectedasmanagerforhisexcellent__________(capable)ofleadership.Annewasintelligentand_________________________withease.安妮很聰明，能夠輕易地通過考試。capabilitycapableofpassingexams

……,adjustingtonewinputsandperformingtaskslikehumans.e.g.Forexample,themomentyougetontheairplane,startadjustingyourbiologicalclocktothedestination’stime.Ittookherawhiletoadjusttolivingalone.Weshouldadjustourselvestothechangingworld.Themanagerhasmadeafewadjustmentstothedesign.adjustvi.&vt.調(diào)整；（使）適合【搭配】adjuststh.tosth.調(diào)整……以適應(yīng)…….adjust

to

sth./

doingsth.適應(yīng)（做）某事adjustoneselfto使自己適應(yīng)于makeanadjustment做出調(diào)整Practicemakesperfect.你將很快適應(yīng)學(xué)生生活。他很快地適應(yīng)了陌生的環(huán)境。公司對(duì)我的薪金作了調(diào)整。You'll

quickly

adjust

yourselfto

student

life.Hequicklyadjustedtotheunfamiliarenvironment.Thecompanymadeanadjustmentinmysalary.Toachievethisaim,manyapproachestocreatingtrueAlhavebeenputforward,including“deeplearning",whichenablesamachinetoimproveitsownperformancebylearningfromtheresultsofitspreviousactions.Deep-learningAlhasthecapacitytoanalysemassiveamountsofdatathroughmultiplelayers,imitatingthecomplexnetworksofthehumanbrain.為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)，人們提出過許多創(chuàng)造真正的AI的方法，其中包括“深度學(xué)習(xí)”--這種方法可以讓機(jī)器通過學(xué)習(xí)自己先前的行為結(jié)果，來提升自身性能。深度學(xué)習(xí)AI擁有從多個(gè)層次分析海量信息的能力，它模擬的是人腦的復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)。analysevt．→__________n．分析;分解(pl.analyses)

analysisToachievethisaim,manyapproachestocreatingtrueAIhavebeenputforward.e.g.AsChineseNewYearisapproaching,ourclassdecidedtoholdapartytocelebratetheimportantday.Ihaveananalyticalapproachtoeverysurvey.Manykindsofbirdsflysouthattheapproachofwinter.approachvt.接近；靠近；商洽n.接近；方法；途徑【搭配】(an)approachto(doing)sth.(做）某事的方法（途徑）attheapproachof臨近……的時(shí)候Practicemakesperfect.當(dāng)他們走近時(shí)，那個(gè)小男孩跑開了并藏了起來。我們應(yīng)該采用另一種方法來解決這一問題。春天來臨，雪融化了。Whentheyapproached,thelittleboyranawayandhid.Weneedtotakeadifferentapproachtotheproblem.Thesnowmeltedawayattheapproachofspring.Deep-learningAIhasthecapacitytoanalysemassiveamountsofdatathroughmultiplelayers,e.g.Manyoftheelderlypeoplehaveagreatcapacityforhardwork.Iappreciateyourcapacitytolearnforeignlanguagesoquickly.capacityn.領(lǐng)悟（或理解，辦事）能力；容量；容積；職位；職責(zé)；生產(chǎn)量【搭配】acapacityfor(doing)sth.（做）某事的能力acapacityto

do

sth.做某事的能力ThedreamofAlhasbeenaroundforcenturies,andthedevelopmentofcomputerssincethe1940shasfinallymadeitareality.Yearsbeforetheterm"artificialintelligence“wascoinedinthemid-1950s,thetheoryhadbeenexploredbyAlanTuring,oneofthepioneersinthefieldofcomputerscience.However,foralongtime,Altechnologydevelopedveryslowly.AI的夢想已經(jīng)存在了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)，而20世紀(jì)40年代以來計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展，終于讓這個(gè)夢想成為現(xiàn)實(shí)?！叭斯ぶ悄堋边@個(gè)術(shù)語是在20世紀(jì)50年代中期被創(chuàng)造出來的，而在好幾年前，這一理論就被計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū)之一艾倫·圖靈探索過。然而在很長一段時(shí)間里，AI技術(shù)發(fā)展得相當(dāng)緩慢。AmajorbreakthroughinAIcamein1997,whenDeepBlue,achessplayingcomputer,beattheworldchesschampionGarryKasparovThenin2017,acomputerprogramnamedAlphaGodefeatedKeJie,arguablythebesthumanGoplayer,whichdemonstratedasignificantadvanceindeep-learningAlsystems.1997年，AI發(fā)展有了一個(gè)重大突破，當(dāng)時(shí)一臺(tái)名叫深藍(lán)的國際象棋計(jì)算機(jī)打敗了國際象棋世界冠軍加里·卡斯帕羅夫。之后在2017年，一個(gè)叫阿爾法圍棋的計(jì)算機(jī)程序下贏了可謂人類最強(qiáng)的圍棋棋手柯潔，這說明了深度學(xué)習(xí)AI系統(tǒng)的一大顯著進(jìn)展。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個(gè)主句。Nowadays,Alisalreadybeingappliedinmanyfields:finance,healthcare,machinetranslationandart,tonamebutafew.Fromautonomousvehiclestodomesticrobots,fromrecommendationsystemstocomputerswritingnovels,Alhasanunlimitednumberofapplications.OrdinarypeoplearenowusingAItogetinstanttranslationsoftextinforeignlanguages,andmachinescanrecognizefingerprintsandevenfaces.如今，AI已經(jīng)應(yīng)用于許多領(lǐng)域，如金融、醫(yī)療保健、機(jī)器翻譯和藝術(shù)等，不一而足。從自動(dòng)駕駛車輛到家用機(jī)器人，從推薦系統(tǒng)到撰寫小說的電腦，AI有著不計(jì)其數(shù)的應(yīng)用。普通人現(xiàn)在能夠使用AI獲取外語文本的即時(shí)翻譯，機(jī)器也已經(jīng)能夠識(shí)別人們的指紋甚至面容。inshort,thistechnologyistransformingthewaywelive.ltisclearthatweareataturningpointinhistory.WithmachineslikeAlphaGonowcapableofthinkingandlearningfromtheirmistakes,wearegettingclosertothedividinglinebetweenhumansandmachines.Thequestionis,wherewillallthislead?WhileAlenthusiastspromiseusabrightfuturewhereintelligentrobotswillbeworkingtoouradvantage,theseundoubtedbenefitsalsobringconcernsandfears.簡而言之，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)正在改變我們的生活方式。顯然，我們正處于歷史的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。有了阿爾法圍棋這種能夠思考并從自身錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)器，我們正在向人類與機(jī)器的界限越靠越近。問題在于，這一切將會(huì)導(dǎo)致什么?AI的熱烈支持者向我們承諾未來會(huì)是美好的，到那時(shí)智能機(jī)器人將為人類謀利;但這些毋庸置疑的好處也帶來了憂慮和恐懼。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾future。Couldmachinesreallydevelophuman-likeintelligence?Andwhatwouldhappeniftheydid?Wouldthinkingmachinesworkalongsidehumansorthreatentheexistenceofhumans?Howwouldtheybepunishediftheycommittedcrimesorevenmurderedhumans?Aswebecomemoreandmoredependentoncomputers,somescientistsareurgingustothinkaboutthedangersposedbytheadvancesinAl.StephenHawking,forexample,warned,“Thedevelopmentoffullartificialintelligencecouldspelltheendofthehumanrace."機(jī)器真的能夠發(fā)展出像人類一樣的智能嗎?如果真的可以，又會(huì)發(fā)生什么?能夠思考的機(jī)器是會(huì)與人類并肩工作，還是會(huì)威脅人類的生存?如果它們犯了罪甚至謀殺了人類，又該如何懲罰?隨著我們對(duì)電腦的依賴越來越深，些科學(xué)家正敦促我們思考AI的進(jìn)步所帶來的危險(xiǎn)。例如，斯蒂芬·霍金就曾警告說:“完全人工智能的發(fā)展可能意味著人類的終結(jié)。” commitvt.承諾；保證；犯（罪）vi.忠于；全心全意投入→___________adj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的→commitmentn.承諾,許諾;獻(xiàn)身;投入;花費(fèi)committed在學(xué)習(xí)上取得進(jìn)步的秘密是要把你自己投入進(jìn)去。（secret）____________________________________________________________________________Thesecrettomakingprogressinstudyistocommit/devote/applyyourselftoit.commitanerror/acrime/suicide 做錯(cuò)事/犯罪/自殺commitoneselfto(doing)sth專心致志于;承諾/保證(做)某事becommittedto(doing)sth承諾/全身心地投入(做)某事makeacommitment作出承諾(1)urgesb.todosth. 敦促某人做某事urgethat...(should)dosth. 極力主張……做某事(2)urge n. 強(qiáng)烈的愿望；迫切的需要an/theurgetodosth. 做某事的強(qiáng)烈欲望(3)urgent adj. 迫切的；緊急的(4)urgencyn.

緊迫，急迫；急事；緊要Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatare__________(urgent)neededforapatient.Ineverfeltanurge__________(learn)signlanguagebefore.urgentlytolearn

pose

v.造成(威脅,問題等);poseathreat/challenge/danger/risk引起;產(chǎn)生poseaquestion提問,質(zhì)詢poseforsb./sth.(為畫像、攝影)擺好姿勢spell

v.havesth.,usuallysth.bad,asaresult;tomeansth.,usuallysth.bad

招致,意味著(通常指壞事)Apparently,suchwarningsdemandourattention.WeneedtomakesurethatwewillnotfallvictimtoAl.Wemaystillthinkitwouldbefantastictorelaxalldayandallowautonomousmachinestodoalltheworkforus-butperhapsweshouldnotbetoogreedyandratherbecarefulwhatwewishfor!顯然，這樣的警告需要得到我們的重視。我們需要確保自己不會(huì)淪為AI的受害者。我們可能還是會(huì)認(rèn)為，可以整天放松，讓自動(dòng)化機(jī)器為我們完成所有工作這樣的生活很美妙-但也許我門不該太過貪婪，而應(yīng)對(duì)我們的期待保持謹(jǐn)慎!(1)demandtodosth. 要求做某事demandthat...(should)dosth. 要求……做某事(2)meet/satisfyone’sdemand(s) 滿足某人的需要indemand 非常需要的；受歡迎的(3)demanding adj. 要求高的；費(fèi)力的；難滿足的Shedemanded____________(tell

)everything

about

the

accident

because

shewas

concerned

about

it.Thepublicdemandedthatthegovernment________________________(增加預(yù)算)tobansmokinginpublic.There'san_______________________organicproductsthesedays.近來對(duì)有機(jī)產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的需求正在增加。tobetold(should)increasebudgetincreasingdemandforThepassagebelowisaboutfacialrecognitiontechnology.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesintheboxbelow.apparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafewBuildingyourlanguageTechnologyischangingthefaceoftheworld,andnowfacesarechangingtechnologytoo.Facialrecognitiontechnology,withitscapacityto_______ahugeamountofdata,hascomeintowidespreaduse.analyseItworksbycomparingthefacialfeaturesofgivenimageswiththoseinadatabase.Itoffersaquickandcoolalternativetotraditionalpasswords,andyoucannotforgetyourownface!Intheory,____________whichuseourownbodyaspasswordsshouldalsobesaferfromhackersandbetterprotectusfromidentitytheftthanthosethatusetraditionalpasswords,mainlybecauseeveryindividualisunique.networksapparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafewThistechnologyisespeciallyusefulforsecuritychecksinpublicplaces:airportsandrailwaystations,_________________.However,facialrecognitiontechnologyhasalsostartedto_________somedifficultquestions.Expertshavebeengiving___________aboutthistechnology,sayingitmaynotbeasgoodaswethink.tonamebutafewapparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafewwarningsposeFacialexpressionsoftenvary,whichmakesfacialrecognitionlesseffective.Moreover,thereisgrowingconcernthatwemight____________thistechnology,astherearecasesinwhichhackershavebrokenintofacialrecognitionsystemsbyusingpeople’ssocialmediaphotostobuildmodelsoftheirfaces.fallvictimtoapparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafewScientistsandengineers_________________________toimproveexistingtechnologyandmakeitfail-safe._____________,thiswillbeatoughtask.Whateverhappens,weneedtomakesurethatfacialrecognitiontechnologycanbetrusted?orwewillhavetofacetheconsequences.areurged/havebeenurgedApparentlyapparentlyurgewarningfallvictimtoanalyseposenetworktonamebutafew(1)beyondrecognition 認(rèn)不出來，識(shí)別不出(2)recognize v. 認(rèn)出，識(shí)別；承認(rèn)；接受，認(rèn)可；贊賞recognize...as/tobe... 承認(rèn)……是……IwentbacktoBirminghamafter20yearsandithadchanged__________recognition.Werecognizehim_________(be)ahard-workingandhonestperson.Thereis______________________________theurgentneedforgarbageclassification.人們普遍認(rèn)識(shí)到迫切需要進(jìn)行垃圾分類。beyondageneralrecognitionoftobehavenoalternativebuttodosth. 除了做某事別無選擇analternativetosb./sth. 替代……的人或物Soseriousisthisproblemthatwehavenoalternativebut________(take)someeffectivemeasurestotacklethisproblem.該問題是如此嚴(yán)重，因此我們別無選擇只好采取一些切實(shí)有效的措施來處理這個(gè)問題。totakebreakout 爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生breakin 打斷；強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入；破門而入breakdown 分解；出故障breakup 終止；分手；放假；破裂breakoff 折斷；中斷；突然停止breakthrough 突破；沖破breakawayfrom 離開；脫離Thecar____________andwehadtowalktothedestination.Scientiststhinktheyarebeginningto_____________inthefightagainstcancer.Closethedoorandwindowscarefullytopreventsomestrangers____________yourhouse.Fires___________everywhereatmidnight,andtheentirecitywentupinflames.brokedownbreakthroughbreakingintobrokeout以非?？斓乃俣? ______________空中樓閣；白日夢(para1) ______________以...的速度;按...的比率 ______________實(shí)現(xiàn)，成真；成為現(xiàn)實(shí) ______________調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)整以適應(yīng) ______________一個(gè)….的分支(para2) ________有能力做某事;能夠做某事 ______________旨在做... ______________執(zhí)行任務(wù) ______________實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo) ______________……的方法

提出（觀點(diǎn)、建議、方案、辦法、理論等） ______________ataveryrapidpacecastlesintheairata…ratecometrueadjusttoabranchofbecapableofdoingaimtoperformtasksachievethisaimanapproachtosthputforward使某人能夠做某事 ______________有能力做某事 ______________大量的 ______________使某事成為現(xiàn)實(shí)(para3) ______________在……方面，在……領(lǐng)域 ______________被應(yīng)用在(para4) ______________略舉數(shù)例 ______________許多的 ______________即時(shí)翻譯 ______________總之；簡言之(para5) ______________處于轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn) ______________靠近，接近

______________enablesbtodosthhavethecapacitytodomassiveamountsofmakestharealityinthefieldofbeappliedintonamebutafewanumberofinstanttranslationinshortataturningpointgetcloseto分界線 ______________答應(yīng)某人某事；承諾某人某事 ______________對(duì)某人有利；有利于某人 ______________犯罪 ______________變得依賴 ______________敦促某人做某事；強(qiáng)烈要求某人做某事 ______________人類 ______________確信；證實(shí) ______________成為…的犧牲品/受害者；屈服于...(para6) ______________允許某人做某事 ______________盼望，希望得到 ______________人臉識(shí)別，面部識(shí)別(page47)

______________(a)dividinglinepromisesbsthworktoone’sadvantagecommitcrimesbecomedependentonurgesbtodosthhumanracemakesurefallvictimtosthallowsbtodosthwishforfacialrecognition開始廣泛使用 ______________與…...相比較 ______________一種……替代品 ______________理論上 ______________免受……的傷害；不會(huì)遭到……的危險(xiǎn) ______________保護(hù)...免受……的傷害

日益擔(dān)憂/關(guān)注 ______________闖入；破門而入 ______________社交媒體 ______________不管發(fā)生什么事，不管出現(xiàn)什么情況 ______________comeintowidespreadusecompare….with…analternativetointheorybesafefromprotect…from…growingconcern(that)breakintosocialmediawhateverhappensImagine__________(wake)uponemorningwiththeoptionofstayinginbedpressingabuttontosendarobottodoalltheworkforyou.Itmayseemlikebuildingcastlesintheair,but_______(give)therate___whichartificialintelligence,orAI,isbeingdeveloped,inthefuturesuchdreamsmayactuallycometrue.OneoftheessentialaimsofAIis___________(develop)computerintelligencecapable_______learningfromexperience,__________(adjust)tonewinputsandperformingtaskslikehumans.Unit4wakingTextReviewgiventodevelopofadjustingat__________(achieve)thisaim,manyapproachestocreatingtrueAIhavebeenputforward.Yearsbeforetheterm“artificialintelligence”_________(coin)inthemid-1950s,thetheory________________(explore)byAlanTuring,oneofthepioneersinthefieldofcomputerscience.AmajorbreakthroughinAIcamein1997,________DeepBlue,achess-playingcomputer,beattheworldchesschampionGarryKasparov.Unit4ToachieveTextReviewwascoinedhadbeenexploredwhen7.Fromrecommendationsystems___computerswritingnovels,AIhasanunlimitednumberof__________