期末Unit8知識點人教版八年級英語下冊

Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIsland?SentencePatterns(句型)HaveyoureadLittleWomenyet?Yes,Ihave.／No,Ihaven’t.2.Haveyoudecidedwhichbooktowriteaboutyet?Yes,Ihave.I’vealreadyfinishedreadingit!(復(fù)合不定式作賓語)3.TreasureIslandisaboutaboywhogoesouttoseaandfindsanisland(whichis)fulloftreasures.(who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞boy在從句中作主語)4.Haveyouatleastreadthebackofthebooktoseewhatitisabout?(what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句陳述語序）5.Thebookreportisdueintwoweeks.6.AlthoughIhavelosteverything,Ihavenotlostmylife.7.SoIwillnotgiveupandIwillwaitforanothership.8.Notlongafterthat,Isawsomecannibalstryingtokilltwomenfromabrokenship.(seesb.doingsth.看見某人正在做某事）9.Oneofthemdiedbuttheotherrantowardsmyhouse.10.Sallylooksatmanybooksshehasn’treadyetandshecan'twaittoreadthemthem!11.ListeningtoTheTomsisagoodwaytowakeup.(不定式作定語修飾way）12.Acountrymusicsongchangedherlifeforever.13.WhenSarahwasateenager,sheusedtofightoveralmosteverythingwithherfamily.14.Fiveyearsago,whileshewasstudyingabroadinEngland,sheheardasong(whichis)fulloffeelingsaboutreturninghomeontheradio.15.Shecametorealizehowmuchsheactuallymissedallofthem.(賓語從句)16.Eversincethen,shehasbeenafanofAmericancountrymusic.17.ManysongsthesedaysarejustaboutmodernlifeintheUS,suchastheimportanceofmoneyandsuccess,butnotaboutbelongingtoagroup.18.However,countrymusicbringsusbacktothe"goodolddays"whenpeoplewerekindtoeachotherandtrustedoneanother.19.Ihopetoseehimsingliveoneday！20.Attheendoftheday,thebusbroughtusbacktoourschool.II.Phrases(短語)1.gotoLondonbyship乘船去倫敦2.hurryup趕快；急忙3.sciencefiction科幻小說4.goouttosea出海5.anislandfulloftreasures滿是金銀財寶的島6.liveintheUnitedKingdom/theUK住在英國7.writeabout...寫有關(guān)．．．．．．8.putdown放下9.onpage25在第25頁10.atleast至少11.abookreport讀書報告12.bedueintwoweeks兩周后到期13.arriveonthisisland到達(dá)這座島14.bringback帶回，取回15.loseone’slife失去生命16.gooutwithagun帶槍出去17.kill...for...因殺18.growfruitandvegetables種植水果和蔬菜19.themarkof...的痕跡20.onthesand在沙灘上21.whoelse還有誰22.ausefultool一個有用處的工具23.abrokenship一艘破船24.runtowards...向跑去25.apieceofland一塊土地26.travelinthesea在大海中航行27.namesb.(sth.)給某人命名（為）28.leavesth.behind把留下29.changeone’slife改變某人的生活30.asongfulloffeelingsaboutreturninghome一首充滿思想情緒的歌曲31.eversincethen自從那時32.trustoneanother/eachother彼此信任33.ontheradio在收音機(jī)上34.popmusic流行音樂35.thehomeofcountrymusic鄉(xiāng)村音樂的發(fā)源地36.thenumberof+pl.的數(shù)量(謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式)anumberof+pl.許許多多的(謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式)37.fightoversth.withsb.因某事和某人吵架38.belongto屬于39.studyabroad在國外學(xué)習(xí)40.remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某事41.remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事42.inlife在人生中43.etorealize逐漸意識到44.thebeautyofnature大自然的美45.oneofthemostsuccessfulmusicians最成功的音樂家之一46.dosomeresearchon...做關(guān)于某事的研究47.atraditionalkindofmusic一種傳統(tǒng)音樂48.modernlife現(xiàn)代生活49.inthesouthernstateofAmerica在美國南部的一個州50．Rememberforever永遠(yuǎn)記得51．waitinline排隊等候cutinline插隊52.seesb.singlive看某人現(xiàn)場演唱53．Introduce...to...把介紹給54．returntosp.返回某地III.Grammar(語法)現(xiàn)在完成時（一）1.定義：(1)現(xiàn)在完成時可表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常和just(剛剛),already(已經(jīng)),yet(還，仍然),ever(曾經(jīng)),never(從不),recently(最近),sofar/bynow/untilnow(到目前為止)等連用。e.g.Ihavelostmypen.(我現(xiàn)在無鋼筆可用)Hehashadagoodeducation.(現(xiàn)在他的文化水平比較高)Haveyouhadyourlunchyet?Yes,Ihave.Ihavejusthadit.(我現(xiàn)在是飽的）(2)現(xiàn)在完成時也可表示過去某一時間開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi))，甚至還可能延續(xù)下去的動作或狀態(tài)。常與“for+時間段”或“since+時間點/從句”連用。表示持續(xù)動作或狀態(tài)的動詞多是延續(xù)性動詞。e.g.Howlonghaveyouworkedinthisfactory?Ihavebeenmarried/havebeenawayfrommyhometown/havelearnedEnglishfortenyears.Hehastaughtusphysicssincehecametoourschool.2.構(gòu)成：助動詞have/has+動詞的過去分詞3.句式結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)肯定句:主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他.(2)否定句:主語+haven’t/hasn’t+過去分詞+其他.(3)一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他?肯定答語:Yes,主格代詞+have/has.否定答語:No,主格代詞+haven’t/hasn’t.e.g.Ihavegotten/gotaletterfrommyaunt.Ihaven’tgotten/gotaletterfrommyaunt.Haveyougotten/gotaletterfromyouraunt?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志詞already&yet：現(xiàn)在完成時常與already,yet等連用。already常用于肯定句中,yet常用于否定句和疑問句中。含有already的肯定句變否定句或疑問句時,要將already變?yōu)閥et,并置于句末。e.g.Therainhasalreadystopped.→Therainhasn’tstoppedyet.→Hastherainstoppedyet?(1)already用于肯定句中，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生，或某種情形已經(jīng)開始出現(xiàn)。e.g.Theyhavealreadyknowneachother.(2)already也用于疑問句中，表示因某事的發(fā)生早于預(yù)料而感到吃驚。e.g.Haveyoueatenallthatfoodalready?(3)yet常用于否定句和疑問句句末，表示某事尚未發(fā)生或某情形尚未出現(xiàn)。e.g.Hehasn'tfinishedthebookyet.(4)yet也可表示詢問某事是否已經(jīng)發(fā)生。e.g.Haveyouseenthismovieyet?一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時：(1)一般過去時只表示過去的事實，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。(2)現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)這一動作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，如對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果、影響等。不與表示過去的時間狀語連用。e.g.Iwenthomeat10:00yesterday.Ihavegothomenow.我昨天十點回家的?，F(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)到家了。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Ifinisheditanhourago.我已經(jīng)寫完作業(yè)了。我是一個小時之前寫完的。Hehaslivedheresince2008/sincefiveyearsago.他從2008年/五年前以來就一直住在這里(他現(xiàn)在還住在這里)。&Helivedherein2008/fiveyearsago.他2008年/五年前住這里(他現(xiàn)在不住在這里)。過去分詞的變化：動詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成有規(guī)則