遼寧省朝陽市2023-2024學年高一下學期開學英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1遼寧省朝陽市2023-2024學年高一下學期開學英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIfyou’dliketogosightseeing,thefollowingWorldHeritagesites(世界遺產(chǎn)保護地)maybeyourbestchoices.JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestAreaJiuzhaigouValley,whichliesinthenorthernpartofSichuanProvince,China,reachesaheightofmorethan4,800m,withaseriesofdifferentforestecosystems(生態(tài)系統(tǒng)).It’sparticularlyfamousforitsnarrowlandformsandexcellentwaterfalls.Some140kindsofbirdsalsoliveinthevalley,aswellasanumberofendangeredplantsandanimals,includingthegiantpanda.JiuzhaigouValleywasrecognizedasaWorldHeritagesitebyUNESCOin1992.KhamiRuinsNationalMonumentThecityofKhami,whichdevelopedafterthecapitalofGreatZimbabwehadbeengivenupinthemid-16thcentury,isofgreatarchaeological(考古的)interest.ThediscoveryofobjectsfromEuropeandChinashowsthatKhamiwasamajorcentrefortradeoveralongperiodoftime.ItjoinedtheWorldHeritageListin1986.HendersonIslandHendersonIsland,whichliesintheeasternSouthPacific,isoneofthefewatolls(環(huán)礁)intheworldwhoseecology(生態(tài))hasbeenuntouchedbyhumans.Itisparticularlyfamousforthe10plantsand4birdsthatcanonlybeseenontheisland.ItwasrecordedintheWorldHeritageListin1988.OldCityofJerusalemAsaholy(神圣的)cityforthreedifferentreligionsintheMiddleEast,Jerusalemhasalwaysbeenofgreatreligiousimportance.ItwasgivenaWorldHeritageStatusin1981andplacedonthe“WorldHeritageinDangerList”thefollowingyear.1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutJiuzhaigouValley?A.Wonderfulwaterfallscanbeseenthere.B.Itisfamousformanyancientobjects.C.Ithasbeenuntouchedbyhumanbeings.D.ItliesinthesouthernpartofSichuanProvince.2.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatJerusalem________.A.wasruinedinthemid-16thcenturyB.wasoncebusinesscenterfortradeC.hasover140kindsofbirdslivingthereD.isaholycityforthreemajorreligions3.Accordingtothepassage,whichWorldHeritagesitewasmostrecentlyset?A.HendersonIsland. B.KhamiRuinsNationalMonument.C.OldCityofJerusalem. D.JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了中國的九寨溝風景名勝區(qū)、津巴布韋的卡米遺址國家紀念物、太平洋東南部的亨德森島和以色列的耶路撒冷古城四個世界遺產(chǎn)保護地?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea部分中“It’sparticularlyfamousforitsnarrowlandformsandexcellentwaterfalls.”（它以其狹窄的地形和極好的瀑布而聞名。）可知，在九寨溝可以看到極好的瀑布。故選A項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OldCityofJerusalem部分中“Asaholy(神圣的)cityforthreedifferentreligionsintheMiddleEast,Jerusalemhasalwaysbeenofgreatreligiousimportance.”（作為中東三個不同宗教的圣城，耶路撒冷一直具有重要的宗教意義。）可知，耶路撒冷是三大宗教的圣城。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea部分中“JiuzhaigouValleywasrecognizedasaWorldHeritagesitebyUNESCOin1992.”（九寨溝于1992年被聯(lián)合國教科文組織確認為世界遺產(chǎn)。）、KhamiRuinsNationalMonument部分中“ItjoinedtheWorldHeritageListin1986.”（它于1986年加入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄。）、HendersonIsland部分中“ItwasrecordedintheWorldHeritageListin1988.”（它于1988年被列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄。）和OldCityofJerusalem部分中“ItwasgivenaWorldHeritageStatusin1981andplacedonthe“WorldHeritageinDangerList”thefollowingyear.”（1981年被授予世界遺產(chǎn)地位，次年被列入“瀕危世界遺產(chǎn)名錄”。）可知，四個世界遺產(chǎn)保護地中，九寨溝風景名勝區(qū)是最近確定的。故選D項。BIwascuttinguplettuce(生菜)inthekitchenwhenIsuddenlyrememberedwatchingavideoaboutputtingthelettucestub(殘余部分)inwatertogrowawholenewvegetable.SoItookoutawide-mouthedmug(大杯)andplacedthestubintoit,gaveitalittlewater,andplaceditbythewindow.Onasnowymorning,Inoticedthefirstsign.Afirstsmallleaffromitsheartspreadout.Atinygreenflagofhope.Beaten,butnotdefeated.Withindays,itwasimpossibletoseethecutswhereIhadremovedtheleaves.Thegrowthwasexplosive.AndwhenIliftedtheblossomingheadoutofthemug,tinyrootthreadsfelldown,seekingfortheearth.Whatisgrowinghere?Lettuceorhope?IfIwerealettuceinasimilarcondition,I’dwanttodoubtfullyassesswhereIfoundmyselfbeforebeingdevotedtofullgrowth.Yetforthislettuce,myinadequateofferingofwaterandaplacebyawindowwasenoughforittodecidetoreclaimitselfagain.Itgrewinamugofwater,infaith.Thisistheheartofthislettuce:alive,strongandfearless.Itdeservedaname.IdecidedtocallitMonty.Montywantedtogrow,aswealldo.IthinkIgavehimalittleloveandfreedom.Thosetwoingredientswereallheneededtoreturntohimself.Iseejoyinthislettuce.Thereturntoselfisalwaysanexpressionofjoy,whichislifeitself.Withtherightingredients,thisisthetendencyofalllivingthings.Montystilllivesinamug,butI’mgoingtotransplanthimoutside.Hedeservestobecomehisfullself.TheonlyproblemIseenowismycapacitytosupportMonty.IhopeIhaveenoughofagreenfinger.I’msurprisedtofindmyselfwhereIam.MaybeMontyis,too.Ihavethesamechoiceashedoes:givein,orstartagain.Theprospectofstartingagainisdiscouraging.Butmylettuce-friend,Monty,leadstheway.Icanonlyhopetobeasbrave.4.Whydidtheauthorputthestubinwater?A.Tohopethatitwouldgrow. B.Todecoratethenicemug.C.Toplayagame. D.Toremovehisbadmood.5.Whatisthefirstsignoflifeintheauthor’seyes?A.Theremainingstub. B.Thesmallleaf.C.Thedisappearingcuts. D.Thetinyrootthreads.6.Howwouldtheauthorfeelifinthelettuce’ssituation?A.Hesitant. B.Fearless. C.Confident. D.Annoyed.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Enjoyyourownlifetothefullest B.BelieveinyourselfwhenintroubleC.Neverbeafraidtorestartyourself D.Givefreedomtotheheartinaway〖答案〗4.A5.B6.A7.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者將生菜殘余部分放在水中，生菜努力生長的故事。故事啟發(fā)作者要勇于重新開始?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Iwascuttinguplettuce(生菜)inthekitchenwhenIsuddenlyrememberedwatchingavideoaboutputtingthelettucestub(殘余部分)inwatertogrowawholenewvegetable.SoItookoutawide-mouthedmug(大杯)andplacedthestubintoit,gaveitalittlewater,andplaceditbythewindow.(我正在廚房切萵苣，突然想起看過一個視頻，講的是把生菜殘余部分放在水里種出一種全新的蔬菜。于是我拿出一個寬口馬克杯，把煙頭放進去，澆了一點水，放在窗邊。)”可知，作者把生菜殘余部分放進杯子里是希望它能生長。故選A項。【5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Onasnowymorning,Inoticedthefirstsign.Afirstsmallleaffromitsheartspreadout.Atinygreenflagofhope.(在一個下雪的早晨，我注意到了第一個跡象。從在它中心冒出來第一片小葉子。一面小小的充滿希望的綠色旗子。)”可知，作者眼里的生命的第一個跡象是一片小葉子。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“IfIwerealettuceinasimilarcondition,I’dwanttodoubtfullyassesswhereIfoundmyselfbeforebeingdevotedtofullgrowth.(如果我是一棵處于類似狀況的生菜，我會在全身心投入到全面成長之前，懷疑地評估一下自己所處的位置。)”可知，作者如果是一棵處于類似狀況的生菜，會懷疑自己的狀況，會感到猶豫。故選A項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)最后一段中“Ihavethesamechoiceashedoes:givein,orstartagain.Theprospectofstartingagainisdiscouraging.Butmylettuce-friend,Monty,leadstheway.Icanonlyhopetobeasbrave.(我和他有同樣的選擇：要么放棄，要么重新開始。重新開始的前景令人沮喪。但是我的生菜朋友Monty在前面帶路。我只希望能像你一樣勇敢。)”可知，本文主要講述了作者將生菜殘余部分放在水中，生菜努力生長的故事。故事啟發(fā)作者要勇于重新開始。C“永遠不要害怕重新開始自己”符合主題，故選C項。CEndangeredpolarbearsarebreedingwithgrizzlybears,creating“pizzly”bears,whichisbeingdrivenbyclimatechange,scientistssay.AstheworldwarmsandArcticseaicethins,starvingpolarbearsarebeingforcedeverfurthersouth,wheretheymeetgrizzlies,whoserangesareexpandingnorthwards.Andwiththatgrowingcontactbetweenthetwocomeincreasinghybrids(雜交種),“pizzly”bears.Withfeaturesthatcouldgivethehybridsanadvantageinwarmingnorthernhabitats,somescientistsguessthattheycouldbeheretostay.“Usually,thehybrids,“pizzly”bearsaren’tbettersuitedtotheirenvironmentsthantheirparents,butthesehybridsareabletosearchforawiderrangeoffoodsources,”LarisaDeSantis,anassociateprofessorofbiologicalsciencesatVanderbiltUniversity,toldLiveScience.Theriseof“pizzly”bearsappearswithpolarbears’decrease:theirnumberisestimatedtogodownbymorethan30%inthenext30years.Thissuddenfallisrelatedpartlyto“pizzly”bearstakinguppolarbears’ranges,butalsotopolarbears’highlyspecializeddiets.“PolarbearsmainlyconsumedsoftfoodsevenduringtheMedievalWarmPeriod,apreviousperiodofrapidwarming,”DeSantissaid,referringtofatmealssuchasseals.“Althoughallofthesestarvingpolarbearsaretryingtofindalternativefoodsourceslikeseabirdeggs.”Actually,thecaloriestheygainfromthesesourcesdonotbalanceout(抵消)thosetheyburnfromsearchingforthem.Thiscouldresultinahabitatreadyforthehybridstomoveinandtakeover,leadingtoalossinbiodiversityifpolarbearsarereplaced.“We’rehavingmassiveimpactswithclimatechangeonspecies,”DeSantissaid.“Thepolarbearistellingushowbadthingsare.Insomesense,“pizzly”bearscouldbeasadbutnecessarycompromise(妥協(xié))givencurrentwarmingtrends.”8.Whydopolarbearsmovefurthersouth?A.Tocreatehybrids. B.Toexpandterritory.C.Todealwithhunger. D.Tocontactgrizzlies.9.Whatmakes“pizzly”bearsadapttonaturalsurroundingsbetterthantheirparents?A.Widerhabitats. B.Morefoodchoices.C.Climatepreference. D.Improvedbreedingability.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutpolarbearsfromthepassage?A.Polarbearsareincreasing. B.Polarbearslikesoftfoods.C.Polarbearshatefatmealssuchasseals. D.Climatechangecanbenefitpolarbears.11.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Polarbearsarechangingdietsforclimatechange.B.Polarbearshavealreadyadjustedtoclimatechange.C.“Pizzly”bearsareontherisebecauseofglobalwarming.D.“Pizzly”bearshavereplacedpolarbearsforglobalwarming.〖答案〗8.C9.B10.B11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了由于氣候變暖，瀕危北極熊正在與灰熊一起繁殖，創(chuàng)造出“小灰熊”，雜交的“小灰熊”數(shù)量正在增加，這說明全球氣候正在變得更糟糕?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AstheworldwarmsandArcticseaicethins,starvingpolarbearsarebeingforcedeverfurthersouth,wheretheymeetgrizzlies,whoserangesareexpandingnorthwards.(隨著世界變暖和北極海冰變薄，饑餓的北極熊被迫越來越向南，在那里它們遇到灰熊，灰熊的活動范圍正在向北擴展)”可知，北極熊向南遷移是為了緩解饑餓。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““Usually,thehybrids,“pizzly”bearsaren’tbettersuitedtotheirenvironmentsthantheirparents,butthesehybridsareabletosearchforawiderrangeoffoodsources,”LarisaDeSantis,anassociateprofessorofbiologicalsciencesatVanderbiltUniversity,toldLiveScience.(生物科學副教授拉里薩·德桑蒂斯對《生活科學》說：“通常情況下，雜交種并不比它們的父母更適合它們的環(huán)境，但這些雜交種能夠?qū)ふ腋鼜V泛的食物來源?！?”可知，更多的食物選擇讓“小熊”比它們的父母更能適應(yīng)自然環(huán)境。故選B。【10題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“PolarbearsmainlyconsumedsoftfoodsevenduringtheMedievalWarmPeriod,apreviousperiodofrapidwarming(即使是在中世紀暖期（之前的快速變暖時期），北極熊也主要食用軟性食物)”可知，北極熊喜歡軟的食物。故選B。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Endangeredpolarbearsarebreedingwithgrizzlybears,creating“pizzly”bears,whichisbeingdrivenbyclimatechange,scientistssay.(科學家稱，受氣候變化的驅(qū)動，瀕危北極熊正在與灰熊一起繁殖，創(chuàng)造出“小灰熊”)”和倒數(shù)第二段“Thiscouldresultinahabitatreadyforthehybridstomoveinandtakeover,leadingtoalossinbiodiversityifpolarbearsarereplaced.(這可能會導致一個棲息地準備好讓雜交熊遷入并接管，如果北極熊被取代，將導致生物多樣性的損失)”以及文章大意，可知由于全球變暖，“小熊”的數(shù)量正在上升。故選C。DItiscalculatedthatsomeoftheworld’s7,000languagesareindangerofgettingextinct.“Forexample,Ainu,alanguageinJapan,isnowseriouslythreatened,withonly10nativespeakersremaining,“saidleadstudyauthorTatsuyaAmanoattheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland.Thescientistsfoundthat25percentoftheworld’slanguagesarethreatened(威脅)．Afteridentifyingwheretheendangered(瀕危的)languageswere，theylookedforanyenvironmentalandsocialoreconomicfactorsthoselanguagesmighthaveincommon,suchaspoorareasorrapidpopulationgrowth.“Wefindthatattheglobalscale,languagespeakerdeclinesarestronglylinkedtoeconomicgrowth-thatis,declinesareparticularlyoccurringineconomicallydevelopedregions,”saidAmano.“OneimportantfindingofthisnewstudyisthatlanguagesinthetropicsandHimalayanregionarelikelytobeincreasinglythreatenedinthenearfuture,becausetheseregionsstillhavemanylocallanguageswithasmallnumberofspeakers,andatthesametimeareexperiencingrapideconomicgrowth,”saidAmano.Economicgrowthmayendangerlanguagesforavarietyofreasons.Forinstance,speakersofendangeredlanguagesmayviewanothermorepopularlanguageasofferingeconomicopportunities,andthusabandontheirownlanguages.“Thereareotherimportantfactorsthatmightendangerlanguages,”saidtheresearchers.Forinstance,policiesregardinghowlanguagesareusedandtaughtinschoolscanbeverydifferentamongcountriesandevenwithineachcountry,andthesefactorsmayexplainmoredetailedpatternsinlanguageendangerment.Amanosuggesteditcouldbepossibletoforecast(預(yù)見)futurethreatstothediversity(多樣化)oflanguages.“Thereexistsdetailedinformationonfuturechangesintheenvironment，economiesandclimates(氣候)，”Amanosaid.“Usingsuchinformation，togetherwiththefindingsofthisstudyandfurtheranalysis,wewouldliketounderstandwhatwillhappentotheworld’slanguages,whereitwillhappenandwhichlanguageswillbethreatenedinparticular.”12.WhatcanweknowaboutAinu?A.Ithaschangedlittleovertheyears.B.ItthreatensJapaneselanguage.C.ItisalocallanguageinJapan.D.Itisputunderprotection.13.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Whatshouldbetaughtinschools.B.Whatmightendangeralanguage.C.Howeconomicgrowthisachieved.D.Howalanguagebecomespopular.14.WhatdoesAmanomeaninthelastparagraph?A.Wemusttakeactiontosavetheenvironment.B.Moreandmorelanguageswillgetmissing.C.Itwillbeeasiertolearnlanguagechanges.D.Factorsthreateninglanguageswilldouble.15.Whatcanbeknownfromthestudy?A.Over7,000languageshavebeenthreatened.B.Locallanguagemustbespokenineveryschool.C.Itispossibletouseonlyonelanguageworldwide.D.Thenumberoftropics’locallanguagespeakersmaybecomesmallerinthefuture.〖答案〗12.C13.B14.C15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了語言瀕臨滅絕的一些原因?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Forexample,Ainu,alanguageinJapan,isnowseriouslythreatened,withonly10nativespeakersremaining,“saidleadstudyauthorTatsuyaAmanoattheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland.”（該研究的主要作者、英國劍橋大學的天野達也(TatsuyaAmano)說：“例如，日本的Ainu，現(xiàn)在受到嚴重威脅，母語使用者僅剩10人。）可知，Ainu是日本的一種地方語言。故選C項?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Economicgrowthmayendangerlanguagesforavarietyofreasons.Forinstance,speakersofendangeredlanguagesmayviewanothermorepopularlanguageasofferingeconomicopportunities,andthusabandontheirownlanguages.“Thereareotherimportantfactorsthatmightendangerlanguages,”saidtheresearchers.Forinstance,policiesregardinghowlanguagesareusedandtaughtinschoolscanbeverydifferentamongcountriesandevenwithineachcountry,andthesefactorsmayexplainmoredetailedpatternsinlanguageendangerment.”（由于種種原因，經(jīng)濟增長可能危及語言。例如，說瀕危語言的人可能認為另一種更流行的語言能提供經(jīng)濟機會，從而放棄自己的語言。研究人員說：“還有其他一些重要因素可能會危及語言?！崩纾瑖抑g，甚至每個國家內(nèi)部，關(guān)于如何在學校使用和教授語言的政策可能會有很大的不同，這些因素可以解釋語言瀕危的更詳細的模式。）可知，本段的主要講述經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、政府政策等多種因素會導致本土語言瀕臨消失，也就是什么可能危及一種語言。故選B項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Usingsuchinformation，togetherwiththefindingsofthisstudyandfurtheranalysis,wewouldliketounderstandwhatwillhappentotheworld’slanguages,whereitwillhappenandwhichlanguageswillbethreatenedinparticular.””（利用這些信息，結(jié)合這項研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)和進一步的分析，我們想了解世界上的語言會發(fā)生什么，會在哪里發(fā)生，特別是哪些語言會受到威脅。）可推知，Amano認為隨著研究的深入，人們更容易知曉語言的變化。故選C項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第三段““OneimportantfindingofthisnewstudyisthatlanguagesinthetropicsandHimalayanregionarelikelytobeincreasinglythreatenedinthenearfuture,becausetheseregionsstillhavemanylocallanguageswithasmallnumberofspeakers,andatthesametimeareexperiencingrapideconomicgrowth,”saidAmano.”（Amano也說：“這項新研究的一個重要發(fā)現(xiàn)是，熱帶和喜馬拉雅地區(qū)的語言在不久的將來可能會受到越來越大的威脅，因為這些地區(qū)仍然有許多當?shù)卣Z言，使用人數(shù)很少，與此同時，這些地區(qū)正在經(jīng)歷快速的經(jīng)濟增長?！保┛赏浦瑹釒У貐^(qū)的語言在不久的將來可能受到越來越大的威脅，即說當?shù)卣Z言的人在未來可能會變少。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。CulturalDifferencesofTeenagersKnowingtheculturaldifferencesbetweenyourselfandothersofyouragecanhelpyouunderstandfriendswhoareofadifferentraceorculture.___16___You’llalsoknowifyouarcmisunderstandingyourfriend’sbehaviourwhenitseemslikehe/sheisbeingrude.ThemajordifferencesbetweenAsianandAmericanteenagerslieinthefollowingaspects:FamilyFamilycomesfirstintheAsianculture.___17___WhileAsianfamilieshaveagreaterdependenceoneachother,Americanfamiliesencouragetheirchildrenandteenagerstobeindependent.FriendshipSomeAsianteensgenerallypreferhavingasmallgroupoflife-longfriends.Theyarecommittedandloyaltotheirfriends.Americansoftenpreferalargergroupoffriends.Theremightbelesscommitmenttokeepingfriendsforlifebecauseoftheirbiggerpoolofpossiblefriendships.WorkingRelationshipsIfyouareworkingonagroupprojectwithteensfromChinaorotherAsiancountries,theymightfocusondevelopingagoodrelationshipwithyou.___18___Developingrelationshipswiththeirgroupmembersmightcomesecond.___19___InChinaandmanyotherAsiancountries,makingdirecteyecontactisconsideredrudeanddisrespectful.However,inAmericaandsomeEuropeancountries,itisnotonlyseenasappropriatebutalsonecessarybecauseitmeansthepersonispayingattention.InAsianculturepeopleareusuallymorecomfortablewithlesspersonalspacethanAmericansarc.AtouchontheshoulderoranarmiscommonforAsiansevenifyoudon’tknowoneanother.It’simportanttokeepinmindthatwhenlearningaboutculturaldifferences,youshouldnotgeneralizethosedifferences.___20___Allculturesvaluekindnessandrespect.A.EyeContactB.BodyLanguageC.Inthisway,you’llexperienceculturaldifferences.D.Teenagershaveastrongattachmenttotheirparents.E.Withthisunderstanding,youwon’tbethoughtimpolite.F.However,Americanteenstendtofirstfocusonthetask.G.Thekeytounderstandingthemwithyourfriendsistoaskthemforadvice.〖答案〗16.E17.D18.F19.B20.G【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。介紹了亞洲和美國青少年的幾個文化差異方面?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Knowingtheculturaldifferencesbetweenyourselfandothersofyouragecanhelpyouunderstandfriendswhoareofadifferentraceorculture.(了解自己和同齡人之間的文化差異可以幫助你理解來自不同種族或文化的朋友)”以及后文“You’llalsoknowifyouarcmisunderstandingyourfriend’sbehaviourwhenitseemslikehe/sheisbeingrude.(你也會知道當你的朋友看起來很粗魯?shù)臅r候，你是否誤解了他/她的行為)”可知，E項“Withthisunderstanding,youwon’tbethoughtimpolite.(有了這種理解，你就不會被認為是不禮貌的)”起到承接作用，Withthisunderstanding代指上文提到的“了解自己和同齡人之間的文化差異”，youwon’tbethoughtimpolite和下文相呼應(yīng)，符合文意。故選E項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)前文“FamilycomesfirstintheAsianculture.(在亞洲文化中，家庭是第一位的)”可知，本段主要講述了亞洲和美國青少年在家庭方面的差異，而在亞洲文化中，家庭是第一位的，所以D項“Teenagershaveastrongattachmenttotheirparents.(青少年對父母有強烈的依戀)”是對前文的進一步解釋，并和后文“WhileAsianfamilieshaveagreaterdependenceoneachother,Americanfamiliesencouragetheirchildrenandteenagerstobeindependent.(亞洲家庭對彼此的依賴程度更高，而美國家庭則鼓勵孩子和青少年獨立)”相呼應(yīng)。故選D項。【18題詳析】根據(jù)前文“IfyouareworkingonagroupprojectwithteensfromChinaorotherAsiancountries,theymightfocusondevelopingagoodrelationshipwithyou.(如果你和來自中國或其他亞洲國家的青少年一起做小組項目，他們可能會專注于與你建立良好的關(guān)系)”可知，此處在講述亞洲青少年在工作關(guān)系中的文化，后文“Developingrelationshipswiththeirgroupmembersmightcomesecond.(發(fā)展與小組成員的關(guān)系可能排在第二位)”應(yīng)是在講述美國青少年在工作關(guān)系中的文化，和亞洲相反，所以F項“However,Americanteenstendtofirstfocusonthetask.(然而，美國青少年傾向于首先關(guān)注任務(wù))”符合文意，和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，并引出下文。故選F項?！?9題詳析】分析設(shè)空，空處是本段小標題，根據(jù)后文“InChinaandmanyotherAsiancountries,makingdirecteyecontactisconsideredrudeanddisrespectful.However,inAmericaandsomeEuropeancountries,itisnotonlyseenasappropriatebutalsonecessarybecauseitmeansthepersonispayingattention.InAsianculturepeopleareusuallymorecomfortablewithlesspersonalspacethanAmericansarc.AtouchontheshoulderoranarmiscommonforAsiansevenifyoudon’tknowoneanother.(在中國和許多其他亞洲國家，直接的目光接觸被認為是粗魯和不尊重的。然而，在美國和一些歐洲國家，這不僅被認為是適當?shù)?，而且是必要的，因為這意味著這個人在注意。在亞洲文化中，人們通常比美國人更愿意擁有較少的個人空間。對亞洲人來說，即使你們彼此不認識，也經(jīng)常會碰碰肩膀或手臂)”可知，本段講述了目光接觸以及碰碰肩膀或手臂等肢體語言在亞洲和美國青少年中的文化差異，所以B項“BodyLanguage(肢體語言)”是本段小標題。故選B項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)前文“It’simportanttokeepinmindthatwhenlearningaboutculturaldifferences,youshouldnotgeneralizethosedifferences.(重要的是要記住，當學習文化差異時，你不應(yīng)該概括這些差異)”以及后文“Allculturesvaluekindnessandrespect.(所有的文化都重視善良和尊重)”可知，G項“Thekeytounderstandingthemwithyourfriendsistoaskthemforadvice.(和朋友一起理解他們的關(guān)鍵是向他們征求意見)”符合本段主題，強調(diào)學習文化差異，最好是詢問他們，尊重他們。故選G項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。OnaMondaymorning,backin2015,Irememberparkingmycarunderatreeinthecarparkoutsidemydoctor’sclinic(診所).Heartbreak,griefandthelossoftheideaofacompletefamily____21____menotmanagingwell.I____22____uncontrollably.MydoctorhaddecidedthatIhadseveredepression(重度抑郁).Iwantedtobe____23____asmyson,Kai,wasdependingonme.Stillsobbing(哭泣),Iwas____24____tohearaknockonmycardoor.Aladywithshortfairhair,probablyinher40s,____25____openeditandbegantospeakcalmlyandkindlytome.“Idon’tknowwhatyou’re____26____rightnow.ButIknowthis:Whatyouaregoingthroughwill____27____,”shesaid.“CanIgiveyoua____28____?”ThereIwas,withtearsinmyeyes,____29____acceptingthiskindstranger’sreassuringhug.AllImanagedtoreplyinachoked-up(哽咽)voicewas“thankyou”.Thiswasthemostsignificantactof_____30_____thatI’veeverexperiencedfroma_____31_____.Myhopeintheworld,inpeopleandforme_____32_____.Whenmy_____33_____hasbeencuredaboutayearlater,Icameacrossthesamekindstrangerattheopeningofanartexhibition.She_____34_____meandsmiled.ShesaidthatshecouldtellIwasdoingwell.Wehuggedagain,andoncemoreIwasabletoexpressmy_____35_____forhergesture—thistimealittlemoreclearly.21.A.left B.found C.beat D.spared22.A.moved B.cried C.shouted D.shook23.A.rich B.gifted C.active D.healthy24.A.angry B.pleased C.shocked D.excited25.A.suddenly B.crazily C.gently D.heavily26.A.turningdown B.goingthrough C.makingout D.takingup27.A.pass B.escape C.stay D.last28.A.ride B.smile C.kiss D.hug29.A.sadly B.thankfully C.patiently D.peacefully30.A.kindness B.freedom C.friendship D.trust31.A.leader B.friend C.stranger D.neighbour32.A.rose B.dropped C.went D.crossed33.A.cancer B.depression C.health D.problem34.A.praised B.saw C.accepted D.missed35.A.sadness B.anger C.thanks D.care〖答案〗21.A22.B23.D24.C25.C26.B27.A28.D29.B30.A31.C32.A33.B34.B35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在極度沮喪的時刻，收到來自陌生人的擁抱的感人故事。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：心碎、悲傷和失去一個完整家庭的想法讓我無法管理好自己的情緒。A.left使，讓；B.found找到；C.beat擊??；D.spared抽出。根據(jù)上文“Heartbreak,griefandthelossoftheideaofacompletefamily”可知，心碎悲傷和失去一個完整家庭的想法使得作者無法管理好自己的情緒，leavesb.doingsth.表示“使某人一直做某事”。故選A項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我失控地哭了。A.moved移動；B.cried哭；C.shouted喊；D.shook搖晃。根據(jù)下文“Stillsobbing,Iwas________tohearaknockonmycardoor.”可知，此處表示作者哭了。故選B項?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我想保持健康，因為我的兒子凱依靠著我。A.rich富有的；B.gifted有天賦的；C.active活躍的；D.healthy健康的。根據(jù)上文“MydoctorhaddecidedthatIhadseveredepression.”以及下文“asmyson,Kai,wasdependingonme.”可知，此處表示作者希望自己是健康的。故選D項?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：仍在抽泣，聽到有人敲我的車門，我很震驚。A.angry生氣的；B.pleased高興的；C.shocked震驚的；D.excited激動的。根據(jù)下文“tohearaknockonmycardoor.”可知，聽到有人敲車門，作者很震驚。故選C項。【25題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一位大概40多歲的金發(fā)短發(fā)女士輕輕地打開它，開始平靜而親切地對我說話。A.suddenly突然；B.crazily瘋狂地；C.gently輕輕地；D.heavily沉重地。根據(jù)下文“openeditandbegantospeakcalmlyandkindlytome.”可知，這位女士很溫柔，此處表示她輕輕打開車門。故選C項?！?6題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我不知道你現(xiàn)在正在經(jīng)歷什么。A.turningdown調(diào)低；B.goingthrough經(jīng)歷；C.makingout辨認出；D.takingup開始從事。根據(jù)下文“Whatyouaregoingthroughwill________,”可知，此處表示女士說不知道作者現(xiàn)在正在經(jīng)歷什么。故選B項?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但我知道：你正在經(jīng)歷的一切都會過去的。A.pass過；B.escape逃跑；C.stay停留；D.last持續(xù)。根據(jù)上文“Idon’tknowwhatyou’re________rightnow.ButIknowthis:Whatyouaregoingthroughwill”以及語境可知，女士安慰作者正在經(jīng)歷的一切都會過去。故選A項。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我能給你一個擁抱嗎？A.ride短途旅行；B.smile微笑；C.kiss吻；D.hug擁抱。根據(jù)下文“acceptingthiskindstranger’sreassuringhug.”可知，此處表示女士詢問是否可以給作者一個擁抱。故選D項?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，我熱淚盈眶，感激地接受了這位好心的陌生人令人安心的擁抱。A.sadly悲傷地；B.thankfully感激地；C.patiently耐心地；D.peacefully和平地。根據(jù)下文“AllImanagedtoreplyinachoked-upvoicewas“thankyou”.”可知，作者非常感激這位女士，接受了她的擁抱。故選B項。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我從陌生人那里經(jīng)歷過的最重要的善良行為。A.kindness善良；B.freedom自由；C.friendship友誼；D.trust相信。根據(jù)上文“________acceptingthiskindstranger’sreassuringhug”以及語境可知，此處表示女士的善良的行為。故選A項?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我從陌生人那里經(jīng)歷過的最重要的善良行為。A.leader領(lǐng)導；B.friend朋友；C.stranger陌生人；D.neighbour鄰居。根據(jù)上文“________acceptingthiskindstranger’sreassuringhug”可知，此處表示作者從陌生人那里經(jīng)歷過的善良行為。故選C項。【32題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我對世界、對人和對我的希望都提高了。A.rose提高；B.dropped落下；C.went離開；D.crossed交叉。根據(jù)上文“Thiswasthemostsignificantactof________thatI’veeverexperiencedfroma________.”可知，此處表示作者對于世界、對人們以及對自己的希望都提高了。故選A項。【33題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大約一年后，當我的抑郁癥被治愈后，我在一個藝術(shù)展覽的開幕式上遇到了那位善良的陌生人。A.cancer癌癥；B.depression抑郁癥；C.health健康；D.problem問題。根據(jù)上文“MydoctorhaddecidedthatIhadseveredepression”可知，此處表示作者的抑郁癥被治愈。故選B項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她看到我，笑了。A.praised稱贊；B.saw看見；C.accepted接受；D.missed錯過。根據(jù)下文“andsmiled.ShesaidthatshecouldtellIwasdoingwell.”可知，她看到了作者并且微笑。故選B項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們再次擁抱，我再一次能夠更加清楚地表達我對她的感謝。A.sadness悲傷；B.anger憤怒；C.thanks感謝；D.care照顧。根據(jù)上文“AllImanagedtoreplyinachoked-upvoicewas“thankyou”.”以及下文“forhergesture—thistimealittlemoreclearly.”可知，此處表示這一次作者能夠更清楚地表達對她的感謝。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Theexampleofaforeignteacher____36____volunteeredtohelpfightthewildfiresinChongqing’sBeibeidistrictwithotherlocalresidentshastouchedmany.Thelocalgovernmentissued____37____urgentcallforvolunteerswithcertainskillsandexperience,suchaschainsaw(鏈鋸)operation,____38____(join)inthefirefighting.Chainsaws___39___(use)tocreatefirebarriers.“Iwas____40____(extreme)happytohelp,”saidFrancisStonier,42,associateprofessorintheEducationDepartmentofSouthwestUniversity.Hesaidhe____41____(volunteer)manytimesintheUSinthepastyears—forexample,buildinghousesforhomelesspeopleafterbigstom“Itwasgreattoseesuchanoutpouringofhelpintheextremeheat,”hesaid,____42____(note)thathewasimpressed____43____thenumberoflocalswhocametohelp.Motorcyclistsgaveuptheirjobstocarrymaterialsandpeopleupanddownthemountains.Othersgavetheirtimetocarryheavy____44____(supply),prepareandservemealsorhelporganize.Lookingba