2022-2023學(xué)年山東省青島市第五十七中學(xué)高三英語知識點試題含解析

2022-2023學(xué)年山東省青島市第五十七中學(xué)高三英語知識點試題含解析一、選擇題1.Thereisnotmuchtimeleft,but

wemustgetthereintime.A.somehow

B.anyway

C.however

D.somewhat參考答案：B2.Don’tanswermewithasimple“yes”or“no”.Explain______possible.A.whatever

B.whenever

C.whoever

D.however參考答案：B3.Youcan’t____yourbookwhenyouareintheexam.Otherwise,youwillbepunished.

A.stickto

B.referto

C.keepto

D.pointto參考答案：B4.TheUShasputpressureontheyuan,

ChinaarguedthattheRMBexchangerateisreasonableandbalanced.

A．a(chǎn)s

B．while

C．when

D．which參考答案：B略5.Ourlines________getverybusy,butkeeptryingandyouwillsoongetthrough.A.shall

B.can

C.would

D.should參考答案：B略6.Nowadaysweneedtolearn____lawsoasnottobreak____law.A.the;/

B.a;the

C.a;/

D./;the參考答案：D7.Thefactworriestheparents___theironlychildisaddictedtoplayingonlinegames．

A．when

B．that

C．because

D．whether參考答案：B8.Menaremoresuitedtooccupationalenvironments______requiredecisiveactionwhilewomenarebetteratjobs______aconsideredapproachismostimportant.

A.which;that

B.不填;when

C.which;when

D.that;where參考答案：D略9.Thereisstrongevidence______theabsenceofregulationsincreasestheprobabilitythatsomewebsitesstealandselltheirusers’personalinformation.A.where

B.that

C.how

D.because參考答案：B10.Yourstoryisperfect.I’veneverheard____before.A.thebetterone

B.thebestone

C.abetterone

D.agoodone參考答案：C11.Theyoungscientisthasmadesuchgreatachievementsinhischosenfield______nobodyelsecanmake.A.that

B.as

C.which

D.what參考答案：B12.Hetrustsyou.Maybeyouareableto

himtogiveupthatfoolishidea.

A.advise

B.make

C.have

D.persuade參考答案：D略13.—SohowdoIjoin?DoIhavetofillinanapplicationform?—________.Whydon’tyouringup?I’vegotthenumberhere.A.Notnecessarily B.Notreally C.Nodoubt

D.Nowonder參考答案：A14.I'mafraidthatisexactlytheproblemwithyourdictation,never_____senseofwhatyouhear.Howcanyouholdinyourmemorysomethingyoudon'tunderstand?A.tryingtomake

B.tryingmakingC.totrymaking

D.trytomake參考答案：A15.Tomake

mattersworse,Mr.Greenlosthisjoblastyear.Sothefamilyarestrugglingtomake

endsmeet.

A．/;the

B．the;/

C．/;/

D．the;the參考答案：C16.Forthemillionsandmillionsofpeoplelivinginmoderntimes,theymighthavetochangetheirdiets,especially____withpoorernutritionquality．A．those

B．ones

C．it D．that參考答案：A【知識點】代詞根據(jù)句意，本代詞代替diets，又因為是特指，故用those。對于數(shù)百萬生活在現(xiàn)代的數(shù)百萬人，他們可能需要更改他們的飲食，尤其是那些較差的營養(yǎng)品質(zhì)的食品?！炯记牲c撥】注意代替的是什么樣的名詞：單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)、還是不可數(shù)。17.----Jenny’shusbandgotkilledintheaircraft.

----That’swhyshewasbadly_________.A.cutout

B.cutup

C.cutdown

D.cutoff參考答案：B二、新的題型18.You'retryingyourbesttoenjoyaneveningcookout,butaconstantswarmofmosquitoesfollowsyoufromgrilltopoolside.Thethreat?Apiercetoyourskin,leavingbehindanitchyredweltandpossiblyevenaseriousillness.Asyouswatmadlyatthepests,younoticethatothersseemcompletelyunbothered.Coulditbethatmosquitoesprefertobitesomepeopleoverothers?Theshortanswerisyes.Mosquitoesdo___11___blood-suckingpreferences,saytheexperts."Onein10peoplearehighlyattractivetomosquitoes,"reportsJerryButler,PhD,professoremeritusattheUniversityofFlorida.Butit'snotdinnerthey'resuckingoutofyou.Femalemosquitoes--malesdonotbitepeople--needhumanbloodtodevelop___12___eggs.Andapparently,notjustanyone'swilldo.WhoMosquitoesLikeBest?Althoughresearchershaveyetto___13___whatmosquitoesconsideranidealhunk(大塊)ofhumanflesh,thehuntison."There'satremendousamountofresearchbeingconductedonwhatcompoundsandodorspeopleexudethatmightbeattractivetomosquitoes,"saysJoeConlon,PhD,technicaladvisortotheAmericanMosquitoControlAssociation.With400differentcompoundstoexamine,it'sanextremelylaboriousprocess."Researchersarejustbeginningto____14____thesurface,"hesays.Scientistsdoknowthatgenetics_____15_____foranoverwhelming85%ofoursusceptibilitytomosquitobites.They'vealsoidentifiedcertainelementsofourbodychemistrythat,whenfoundinexcessontheskin'ssurface,makemosquitoesswarmcloser."Peoplewithhigh_____16_____ofsteroidsorcholesterolontheirskinsurfaceattractmosquitoes,"ButlertellsWebMD.Thatdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthatmosquitoespreyonpeoplewithhigheroveralllevelsofcholesterol,Butlerexplains.Thesepeoplesimplymaybemoreefficientatprocessingcholesterol,thebyproductsofwhichremainontheskin'ssurface.Mosquitoesalso___17___peoplewhoproduceexcessamountsofcertainacids,suchasuricacid,explainsentomologistJohnEdman,PhD,spokesmanfortheEntomologicalSocietyofAmerica.Thesesubstancescantriggermosquitoes'senseofsmell,luringthemtolandon____18____victims.Buttheprocessofattractionbeginslongbeforethelanding.Mosquitoescansmelltheirdinnerfroma(n)_____19_____distanceofupto50meters,explainsEdman.Thisdoesn'tbodewellforpeoplewhoemitlargequantitiesofcarbondioxide…..Luckily,therearechemical-basedmosquitorepellentsandthesoybeanoil-basedrepellentthatcanhelptokeepthebiteat____20____.參考答案：11.C

12.AC

13.BC

14.BD

15.AB

16.ABC

17.B

18.AD

19.D

20.A這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了專家們發(fā)現(xiàn)蚊子確實顯示出吸血的偏好，以及說明了人體中哪些因素會導(dǎo)致人更容易吸引蚊子的叮咬，如人體化學(xué)中的某些元素，皮膚表面高濃度類固醇或膽固醇的人會吸引蚊子以及包括那些產(chǎn)生過量某些酸的人等等?！?1題詳解】考查動詞。句意：專家們說，蚊子確實顯示出吸血的偏好。根據(jù)上文do可知應(yīng)填動詞原形，且結(jié)合句意可知表示“顯示”應(yīng)為exhibit。故選C。【12題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：雌蚊——雄蚊不咬人——需要人的血液來培育可生育的卵子。修飾名詞eggs應(yīng)用形容詞，且結(jié)合句意可知表示“能生育的”應(yīng)為fertile。故選AC?！?3題詳解】考查動詞。句意：雖然研究人員還沒有確定蚊子認(rèn)為理想的人肉塊是什么，但尋找工作正在進行。根據(jù)上文to可知填動詞原形，且根據(jù)句意可知表示“確定；查明”應(yīng)為pinpoint。故選BC?！?4題詳解】考查動詞。句意：“研究人員才剛剛開始觸及表面，”他說。begintodosth,可知本空應(yīng)填動詞原形，且根據(jù)句意可知表示“觸及表面”短語為scratchthesurface。故選BD?！?5題詳解】考查動詞。句意：科學(xué)家確實知道，基因決定了我們85%的人易受蚊子叮咬。分析句子可知，本句為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為genetics，本空需要動詞，且根據(jù)句意可知表示“導(dǎo)致；決定”短語為accountfor。故選AB?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：“皮膚表面高濃度類固醇或膽固醇的人會吸引蚊子，”Butler告訴WebMD。根據(jù)上文high可知應(yīng)填名詞，且根據(jù)句意可知表示“濃度”為concentrations。故選ABC?！?7題詳解】考查動詞。句意：美國昆蟲學(xué)會發(fā)言人、昆蟲學(xué)家JohnEdman博士解釋說，蚊子目標(biāo)還包括那些產(chǎn)生過量某些酸的人，比如尿酸。結(jié)合上文可知應(yīng)填動詞原形，且結(jié)合句意可知表示“以……為目標(biāo)”為target。故選B。18題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這些物質(zhì)可以觸發(fā)蚊子的嗅覺，引誘它們落在毫無防備的受害者身上。修飾名詞victims可知應(yīng)填形容詞，且結(jié)合句意表示“毫無防備的”為unsuspecting。故選AD?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：埃德曼解釋說，蚊子從一個令人贊嘆的距離——50米遠的地方就能聞到食物的味道。修飾名詞distance應(yīng)用形容詞，且結(jié)合句意表示“令人贊嘆的”為impressive。故選D【20題詳解】考查名詞。句意：幸運的是，有化學(xué)驅(qū)蚊劑和豆油驅(qū)蚊劑可以幫助阻止蚊蟲叮咬。atbay意為“(獵物等)被困，處于走投無路的境地”，符合語境。故選A。三、閱讀理解19.Thediscussiononrenewableenergyhasbeengoingonforatleastadecadeandpeoplehavereliedonfossilfuelsalmostentirelyformorethanacentury.However,thesituationwhenfossilfuelswerethemostefficientandthecheapestsourceofenergyhasbeenleftfarinthepast.ManycountriessuchasGermanyandSwedenhavealreadymadesignificanteffortstofixthissituation,employingnumerouspowerplantsworkingontherenewableresourcesofenergy.Themosteffectiveamongtheseresourcesisgeothermal（地?zé)岬模〆nergy.Geothermalenergydoesnotdependontheworld’seconomicandpoliticalsituationasstronglyasfossilfuelsdo.Besides,extracting（提煉）fossilfuelsaddstothepriceofenergyproducedfromthem.Therefore,geothermalenergyismuchcheaperthantraditionalones,savingupto80%ofthecostsoverfossilfuels.Beingarenewableresource,geothermalenergyproduceslesswasteandpollutionthantraditionalenergysources.Ingeothermalsystems,carbondioxidemakesupabout10%ofairproduced.Overall,inordertoproducetheelectricitythatcanbeusedforonehour,thegeothermalsystemsproduce0.1poundofcarbondioxideandotherharmfulgases.Foracomparison,apowerplantproducingfromgasproducesupto2poundsofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,andthosepowerplantsthatworkoncoal（煤）produceanastonishing3.6poundsofgreenhousegases.Lowcostsisanotherreasonwhyusinggeothermalpowerplantsshouldbethefirstchoiceformanycountries.Geothermalheatsystemsrequire25%to50%lessenergyforworkcomparedwiththetraditionalsystemsforheatingorcooling.Besides,geothermalequipmentislessbig:duetotheverynatureofgeothermalenergy,geothermalpowerplantshaveonlyafewmovingparts,allofwhichcanbeeasilyshelteredinsidealysmallbuilding.What’smore,thelifespanofgeothermalequipmentisratherlong.Allthesemakegeothermalpowerstationseasytobuildandkeep.8.Fossilfuelsaremoreexpensivethangeothermalenergypartlybecause_______.A.itisfreetousegeothermalenergyB.theproductionoffossilfuelscostsalotC.fossilfuelsarenearlyusedupD.geothermalenergydoesn’tdependonpoliticalsituation9.AccordingtoParagraph3,whatcan