2025版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)真題精練專題一閱讀理解熱考主題2人物故事課件

知主題考頻熱考主題考頻課標(biāo)鏈接真題示例1.生活、學(xué)習(xí)與工作5年41考※個(gè)人、家庭、社區(qū)及學(xué)校生活※樂于學(xué)習(xí)，善于學(xué)習(xí)，終身學(xué)習(xí)※未來職業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢，個(gè)人職業(yè)傾向、未來規(guī)劃等2023新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷·B學(xué)校菜園項(xiàng)目2.人物故事5年15考※認(rèn)識自我，豐富自我，完善自我※優(yōu)秀品行，正確的人生態(tài)度，公民義務(wù)與社會(huì)責(zé)任2022全國甲卷·C南極洲之旅3.身心健康5年7考※健康的生活方式、積極的生活態(tài)度2022新高考Ⅱ卷·D鍛煉對心臟的好處4.歷史、文化與藝術(shù)5年30考※小說、戲劇、詩歌、傳記、文學(xué)簡史、經(jīng)典演講、文學(xué)名著等※繪畫、建筑等領(lǐng)域的代表性作品和人物※不同民族文化習(xí)俗與傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日※物質(zhì)與非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)2023全國乙卷·D歷史的考證5.社會(huì)現(xiàn)象與熱點(diǎn)5年10考※社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)問題2022全國乙卷·D英國征收糖稅6.科學(xué)、探索與研究5年25考※社會(huì)進(jìn)步與人類文明※科技發(fā)展與信息技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，科學(xué)精神，信息安全2023新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷·B生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)7.生態(tài)環(huán)保5年20考※自然環(huán)境、自然遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)※人與環(huán)境、人與動(dòng)植物※人類生存、社會(huì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境的關(guān)系2023年1月浙江卷·D降低太陽能電池板對環(huán)境的影響

知考法考向選材方面關(guān)注時(shí)代發(fā)展，選擇具有時(shí)代特征的語篇；重視生態(tài)環(huán)保，引導(dǎo)考生樹立命運(yùn)共同體意識；偏好具有思辨性的材料，注重思維品質(zhì)的考查；選取科學(xué)研究類文章，培育樂于探究的科學(xué)精神；強(qiáng)化體美勞教育引導(dǎo)，體現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)意識、身心健康、審美情趣和勞動(dòng)精神。語篇類型方面說明文、記敘文、應(yīng)用文是主流，會(huì)涉及夾敘夾議文、議論文、書評等類型和廣告、通知等非連續(xù)性文本及多模態(tài)語篇。設(shè)題方面加強(qiáng)批判性思維和辯證思維考查，批判性思維能力一般通過設(shè)置推理性、詮釋性和批判性問題來考查；大部分試題考查推斷、歸納和概括等高階閱讀理解能力。知備考方向①平時(shí)精選一些與熱考主題相關(guān)的英語原版文章進(jìn)行精讀，積累其中的詞匯，剖析長難句，要特別留意詞類的活用和語篇內(nèi)部的邏輯關(guān)系。②培養(yǎng)語篇意識，學(xué)會(huì)分析語篇內(nèi)容、語篇結(jié)構(gòu)、主題意義、文體特征、語言特點(diǎn)、修辭手法等；主動(dòng)發(fā)問，創(chuàng)設(shè)問題，培養(yǎng)比較、分析、推斷、歸納、概括、質(zhì)疑、評判、建構(gòu)、創(chuàng)新等思維品質(zhì)。③無論是閱讀還是做試題練習(xí)，都要注意所選文章的類型要多樣化，除了常見的記敘文、說明文，也要選取一些議論文、書評等類型的文章。④英語學(xué)科的閱讀理解能力歸納為七項(xiàng)具體能力：理解詞匯、理解具體信息、理解主旨要義、理解觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度、理解目的、推斷、理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)類型。所以，在復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)要善于總結(jié)做這七類試題的技巧，提高解題能力。熱考主題2人物故事

Passage1話題：四位女醫(yī)生的非凡經(jīng)歷主題語境：人與社會(huì)詞數(shù)：約235

難度：★★★☆☆[2023全國乙卷·A]PRACTITIONERSJacquelineFelicedeAlmania(c.1322)highlightsthesuspicionthatwomenpracticingmedicinefaced.BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.In1322shewastriedforpracticingunlawfully.Inspiteofthecourthearingtestimonials(證明)ofherabilityasadoctor,shewasbannedfrommedicine.TanYunxian(1461?1554)wasaChinesephysicianwholearnedherskillsfromhergrandparents.Chinesewomenatthetimecouldnotserveapprenticeships(學(xué)徒期)withdoctors.However,Tanpassedtheofficialexam.Tantreatedwomenfromallwalksoflife.In1511,Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,describingherlifeasaphysician.JamesBarry(c.1789?1865)wasbornMargaretBulkleyinIrelandbut,dressedasaman,shewasacceptedbyEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813,thenjoinedtheBritishArmy,servingoverseas.Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.RebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831?1895)workedasanurseforeightyearsbeforestudyinginmedicalcollegeinBostonin1860.Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.ShemovedtoVirginiain1865,wheresheprovidedmedicalcaretofreedslaves.1.WhatdidJacquelineandJameshaveincommon?A.Doingteachingjobs.B.Beinghiredasphysicians.C.Performingsurgery.D.Beingbannedfrommedicine.2.HowwasTanYunxiandifferentfromtheotherpractitioners?A.Shewroteabook.B.Shewentthroughtrials.C.Sheworkedasadentist.D.Shehadformaleducation.3.WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree?A.JacquelineFelicedeAlmania.B.TanYunxian.C.JamesBarry.D.RebeccaLeeCrumpler.【解析】

本文介紹了歷史上四位女醫(yī)生的非凡經(jīng)歷。1.C推斷根據(jù)JacquelineFelicedeAlmania中的"shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery"和JamesBarry中的"Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813"可知，這兩個(gè)人的共同之處就是她們都做手術(shù)。故選C。2.A理解具體信息根據(jù)TanYunxian部分的介紹可知，談允賢從小跟著爺爺奶奶學(xué)醫(yī)，并通過了官方的考試，一生中為各行各業(yè)的女性診療。她還寫了一本名為《女醫(yī)雜言》的書，記錄了自己的女醫(yī)生涯。其他三個(gè)醫(yī)生的介紹中并未提到寫書，因此選A?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)分析】

第一個(gè)人物介紹中提到JacquelineFelicedeAlmania因非法行醫(yī)受到法庭的審判，B項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴，應(yīng)被排除；文章沒有提到談允賢當(dāng)牙醫(yī)，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；談允賢從小跟著家人學(xué)醫(yī)，因此D項(xiàng)也是錯(cuò)誤的。3.D理解具體信息根據(jù)RebeccaLeeCrumpler中的"shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree"可知，RebeccaLeeCrumpler是第一個(gè)獲得醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位的非裔美國人。因此答案為D?！径尉x】

核心單詞：highlightv.突出；強(qiáng)調(diào)

n.最好(或最精彩、最激動(dòng)人心)的部分suspicionn.懷疑physiciann.醫(yī)生unlawfullyadv.非法地qualifyv.取得資格(或?qū)W歷);合格核心短語：bansb.from(doing)sth.禁止某人(做)某事fromallwalksoflife來自社會(huì)各界bedressedas打扮成Passage2話題：南極洲之旅主題語境：人與自我詞數(shù)：約305

難度：★★★☆☆[2022全國甲卷·C]AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鵝)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(職業(yè))asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.

AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland."IjustdecidedIwantedtogo,"shesays."IhadnoideaaboutwhatI’dfindthereandIwasn’tnervous.Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway."InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe’dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica."Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,"Ginnisays."IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater."Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.1.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"taketheplunge"underlinedinparagraph2?A.Trychallengingthings.

B.Takeadegree.C.Bringbacklostmemories. D.Sticktoapromise.2.WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?A.Lovelypenguins.

B.Beautifulscenery.C.Adiscountfare.

D.Afriend’sinvitation.3.WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney?A.Itcouldbeahomeforher. B.Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.C.Itshouldbewellpreserved. D.Itneedstobefullyintroduced.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Achildhooddream. B.Anunforgettableexperience.C.Sailingaroundtheworld. D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.【解析】

本文講述了GinniBazlinton難忘的南極洲之旅。1.A理解詞匯根據(jù)第二段第二句中的"shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther"可知，Ginni一直渴望進(jìn)一步探索世界。由本段最后一句話"Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge"可知，當(dāng)Ginni退休，兒子們離家獨(dú)立后，她決定是時(shí)候冒險(xiǎn)嘗試，踏上旅途了。故選A。2.C理解具體信息根據(jù)第三段中的"itwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarctica"可知，Ginni發(fā)現(xiàn)她可以趕上駛往南極洲的最后一刻的低價(jià)船票。故選C。3.C理解觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度根據(jù)文章最后一段"Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni"可知,南極洲之旅后，Ginni意識到了那是一片凈土，應(yīng)該受到人類的尊重和保護(hù)，這讓她深受觸動(dòng)。A項(xiàng)"南極洲可以成為她的家"；B項(xiàng)"南極洲理應(yīng)易達(dá)"；D項(xiàng)"南極洲需要被全面地介紹"。故選C項(xiàng)。4.B理解主旨要義(文章大意)文章提及Ginni喜歡旅行，著重介紹了Ginni難忘的南極洲奇遇。A項(xiàng)"一個(gè)童年夢想"，與全文主題不符；C項(xiàng)"環(huán)游世界"，范疇超過了本文內(nèi)容；D項(xiàng)"遇見南極洲的動(dòng)物"，以偏概全。故選B項(xiàng)。【二次精讀】

核心單詞：kick-startv.使……盡快啟動(dòng)，促使……開始last-minuteadj.緊急關(guān)頭的，最后一分鐘才完成(或決定、安排好)的核心短語：taketheplunge決定冒險(xiǎn)一試，果斷行事hithometosb.使某人深受觸動(dòng)Passage3話題：通過行動(dòng)克服焦慮主題語境：人與自我詞數(shù)：約345

難度：★★★☆☆[2022北京卷·B]MynameisAlice.Earlylastyear,Iwastroubledbyananxietythatcrippled(削弱)myabilitytodoanything.Ifeltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.ForalmostayearIstruggledon,constantlystaringatthiswallthatfacedme.Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:IwantedtobeperfectatwhateverIdid,whichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossible,butitconsumedme.Oneday,IattendedapresentationbywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.Hispresentationnotonlyawedandinspiredme,butalsohelpedemergeaninnerdesiretomakeadifferenceintheworld.Ijoinedapre-presentationdinnerwithhimandthatsmallersettingallowedmetoslowlybuildupmycouragetospeakone-on-onewithhim—anideathathadseemedcompletelyimpossible.Thisfirstcontactwaswheremystorybegan.Amonthlater,BrowninvitedmetoattendtheWorldYouthWildlifeConference.Lookingback,Inowseethatthiswouldbethefirstinaseriesoftimelyopportunitiesthatmyoldselfwouldhaveletpass,butthatthisnewandmoreconfidentAliceenthusiasticallyseized.ShortlyafterIreceivedhisinvitation,applicationstojointheYouthforNatureandtheYouthforPlanetgroupsweresentaroundthroughmyhighschool.Idecidedtocommittocompletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.IamwritingthisjustsixmonthssincemyjourneybeganandI’verealisedthatmybiggestobstacle(障礙)thiswholetimewasmyself.Itwasthatvoiceinthebackofmyheadtellingmethatonephrasethathasstoppedsomanypeoplefromreachingtheirpotential:Ican’t.Theysaygoodthingscometothosewhowait;Isay:grabeveryopportunitywitheverythingyouhaveandbeimpatient.Afterall,naturedoesnotrequireourpatience,butouraction.1.WhatwasthemaincauseforAlice’sanxiety?A.Herinabilitytoactherage.

B.Herhabitofconsumption.C.Herdesiretobeperfect.

D.Herlackofinspiration.2.HowdidGrantBrown’spresentationinfluenceAlice?A.Shedecidedtodosomethingfornature.B.Shetastedthesweetnessoffriendship.C.Shelearnedabouttheharmofdesire.D.Shebuiltuphercouragetospeakup.3.TheactivitiesAlicejoinedinhelpedhertobecomemore

.

A.intelligent

B.confident C.innovative

D.critical4.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Practicemakesperfect.

B.Patienceisacureofanxiety.C.Actionisworry’sworstenemy.

D.Everythingcomestothosewhowait.【解析】

Alice曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)完美主義者，凡事都追求完美，這導(dǎo)致她很焦慮。受野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)主義者GrantBrown的啟發(fā)，她決定為保護(hù)自然做貢獻(xiàn)。通過參加活動(dòng)她變得更加自信，最終也克服了焦慮。1.C理解具體信息根據(jù)第一段中的"Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:IwantedtobeperfectatwhateverIdid"可知，Alice焦慮的主要原因是她渴望完美。2.A理解具體信息根據(jù)第二段中的"Hispresentationnot...intheworld"可知，GrantBrown的講座不僅讓她肅然起敬，鼓舞了她，也讓她萌生了改變世界的想法。又結(jié)合第三段中參加保護(hù)自然的活動(dòng)可知，受GrantBrown講座的影響，她希望能為大自然做點(diǎn)事情。3.B理解具體信息根據(jù)第三段中的"butthatthisnewandmoreconfidentAliceenthusiasticallyseized""Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence"可知，Alice參加的這些活動(dòng)幫助她變得更加自信。4.C推斷通讀全文可知，完美主義者Alice非常焦慮，受野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)主義者GrantBrown的影響，她決定為保護(hù)自然做貢獻(xiàn)，通過參加活動(dòng)她變得更加自信，也克服了焦慮。由此可推知，行動(dòng)是克服焦慮的好辦法，故C項(xiàng)正確?！径尉x】

核心單詞：perfectionistn.完美主義者emergev.暴露，露出真相，被知曉；(從隱蔽處或暗處)出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn)；顯露potentialadj.潛在的；可能的

n.潛力；可能性核心短語：hangover籠罩；威脅詞綴變形：presentationn.頒獎(jiǎng)儀式；展示會(huì)；講座；(戲劇等的)上演，演出→presentv.頒發(fā)；授予；提出；提交

n.現(xiàn)在；目前；禮物；禮品

adj.在場的；目前的enthusiasticallyadv.熱心地，滿腔熱情地→enthusiasticadj.熱心的；熱情的→enthusiasmn.熱情impatientadj.不耐煩的；沒有耐心的；急于；熱切期待→impatiencen.不耐煩，無耐心→patientadj.能忍耐的；有耐心的Passage4話題：鋼琴翻譜員主題語境：人與自我詞數(shù)：約325

難度：★★★☆☆[2021新高考Ⅰ卷·B]Byday,RobertTittermanisalawyer.InhissparetimethoughhegoesonstagebesidepianistMariaRaspopova—notasamusicianbutasherpageturner."I’mnotatrainedmusician,butI’velearnttoreadmusicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance."MrTittermanischairmanoftheOmegaEnsemblebuthasbeenthegroup’sofficialpageturnerforthepastfouryears.Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn’thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.Hesaidhebecamejustasnervousasthoseplayinginstrumentsonstage."Alotofskillsareneededforthejob.Youhavetomakesureyoudon’tturntwopagesatonceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktotherightspot,"MrTittermanexplained.Beingapageturnerrequiresplentyofpractice.Somepiecesofmusiccangofor40minutesandrequireupto50pageturns,includingbackturnsforrepeatpassages.Silentonstagecommunicationiskey,andeachpianisthastheirownstyleof"nodding"toindicateapageturnwhichtheyneedtopractisewiththeirpageturner.Butlikeallperformances,therearemomentswhenthingsgowrong."Iwasturningthepagetogetreadyforthenextpage,butthedraftwindfromtheturncausedthesparepagestofalloffthestand,"MrTittermansaid."LuckilyIwasabletocatchthemandputthemback."Mostpageturnersarepianostudentsorup-and-comingconcertpianists,althoughMsRaspopovahasonceaskedherhusbandtohelpheroutonstage."Myhusbandistheworstpageturner,"shelaughed."He’sabsorbedinthemusic,feelingeverynote,andIhavetosay:‘Turn,turn!’RobertisthebestpageturnerI’vehadinmyentirelife."1.WhatshouldTittermanbeabletodotobeapageturner?A.Readmusic.

B.Playthepiano. C.Singsongs.

D.Fixtheinstruments.2.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTitterman’sjobonstage?A.Boring.

B.Well-paid.

C.Demanding.

D.Dangerous.3.WhatdoesTittermanneedtopractise?A.Countingthepages.

B.Recognizingthe"nodding".C.Catchingfallingobjects.

D.Performinginhisownstyle.4.WhyisM