2023屆湖南省永州市祁陽高考英語全真模擬密押卷含解析

2023高考英語模擬試卷

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考場號和座位號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（B）

填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼粘貼在答題卡右上角〃條形碼粘貼處〃o

2.作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項的答案信息點涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦

干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試題卷上。

3,非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動，先

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4.考生必須保證答題卡的整潔。考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

1.isoftenthecase,vvehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.

A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As

2.—Whatdidyousayyouwerereluctanttoriskjustnow?

-tohighlevelsofradiation.

A.BeingexposedB.Havingbeenexposed

C?TobeexposedD.Exposed

3.-CanIparkmycarhere?

——Surenot,wedon'tallowhere.

A.toparkingB.parkC.toparkD.parking

4.EveryfouryearsAmericansthetransferofpower

A.carryoverB.carryoff

C.carryonD.carryout

5.Theconflictbetweeneconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalprotection,ifnotappropriately,cancause

disastrousconsequencesindailylifesettings.

A.beingmanagedB.tomanage

C.managedD.managing

6.Thatchildrenmeetwithsetbacksisamatterofnecessityasthey,soparentsdon'tworryaboutthat.

A.shall;grewupB.must；grewupC.can;growupD.will;growup

7.Mr.Wilsonisamanofpatienceandkindness,andhisgoodtemperneverhim.

A.failsB.disappoints

C.controlsD.worries

8.theprogram,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.

A.NotcompletingB.Notcompleted

C.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted

9.—It'stoocomplex,Ithink.

_,Sowe'dbettermakeiteasierforstudentstogetinvolved.

A.ThafsridiculousB.Thafsthepoint

C.ThafssettledD.Thafsallright

10.Morewildtigershavebeenseenintheforestaroundthisarea,thereusedtobeveryfew.

A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which

11.Theteachercameintotheclassroombyhisstudents.

A.followingB.tobefollowingC.followedD.havingfollowed.

12.Billwasdoingalotofphysicalexercisetobuilduphis.

A.ability

B.force

C.mind

D.strength

13.Whilewewerelisteningtothespeechattentively,avoicetoannouncetheresultoftheelection.

A.brokeinB.brokeupC.brokeoffD.brokedown

14.Itwasreportedthatasmanyas50%ofpatientsdonottakemedicinedirected,hasdrawndoctor為

attention.

A.when;itB.as;whatC.as;whichD.that;and

15.Touristsarerequiredtolocalcustomsandmindtheirmannerswhentravellingabroad.

A.spotB.confirm

C.observeD.spread

16.Theythebusinessdealinlessthananhour,afterwhichtheyhadagolfgame.

A.wrappedupB.pickedup

C.calledupD.tookup

17.Therehasbeenpositivereactiontotheproposaltohelpthedisabled,theimpactwillbelasting

especiallyforyoungerones.

A.onwhichB.onwhom

C.ofwhichD.ofwhom

18.Don*tdefendhimanymore.Ifsobviousthathedestroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutan

apology.

A.accidentallyB.carelesslyC.deliberatelyD.clumsily

19.Thisbookissaidtobeaspecialone,asit___manyeventsnotfoundinotherhistorybooks.

A.writesB.printsC.coversD.reads

20.rdneverwonderedbeforewhetherornothewaskid-friendly.Withoneglance,Iquickly_thatheprobably

wasn't.

A.agreedB.reported

C.explainedD.decided

第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

21.（6分）Amsterdamisaspecialcity.Therearemanyplacesyoushouldnotmissduringyourvisit.Hereisourlist

ofthebest.

Amsterdamcanalring

Thecityoldcentreisformedfromcanalrings,whichgiveyouthefeelingofspace,freedomandpeace.Walk

throughthesecanalstreetsorbetter—takeatripbyrentingaboatyourself.AnotherwaytoexploretheVeniceofthe

Northistotakearideonabicycle.Anywayyoudecidefor-enjoythiscity.

TheNationalMaritimeMuseum

TheMaritimeMuseumisanattractiveplacetovisit,especiallywithchildren.Withmanyattractionsinit,this

colourfulandenjoyablemuseumwillhelpyouunderstandthehistoryoftheNetherlands-asmallnationwhichwasone

oftheworld'sgreatestseapowers.

AmsterdamBrownCafe

WhenyouenterAmsterdamoldcafescalledBrown,atfirstitwillseemtoomuchfromthepastandtoocrowded,

buttheatmosphereisunique.Relaxandwatch—mostofpeoplearoundwillbelocals.Feellikeoneofthem—thereal

Amsterdammers.

CivicGuardsGallery

ThisgalleryisfilledwitholdpaintingsfromtheDutchGoldenAge.Theexhibitedcanvasmaybenotalwaysthe

masterpiecesofart,butthesegroupportraitsofAmsterdamcitizensandtheirwivesareanexquisite（精致的）document

oftheDutchcivilizationandculturecenturiesago.

ToavoidwaitinglinesweadviseyoutobuyyourticketsinadvanceonlinethroughourAmsterdamattractionsand

museumsticketswebpage.

1、Howmanywaysaretherefortouriststovisitthecityoldcentre?

A.2.B.3.

C.4.D.5.

2、Wherewouldyougotolearnmoreaboutlocallife?

A.Amsterdamcanalring.

B.TheNationalMaritimeMuseum.

C.AmsterdamBrownCafe.

D.CivicGuardsGallery.

3、Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?

A.Afiction.B.Atravelguide.

C.Atextbook.D.Asciencemagazine.

22.（8分）AlexElmanrunsabigbusiness—somethingdiH*iculttoimagineaftershelosthersightinhertwenties.

ButElmansaysthatlosinghersighthelpedherfocusonfindingsuccess.

Elman'sfatherplantedahillsidevineyardinwesternMassachusettsin1981.IfswhereElmanfledduringthe

darkestperiodofherlife.Whenshewas27yearsold,shewentblindduetocomplicationsfromjuvenilediabetes（糖尿

病）17yearsago.Sherecalled,U1hidinmyhome.Ihidintheplace.Forme,thatwasthesafestplaceintheworld.”

ElmanisnowthefounderofAlexElmanWines,agrowingportfolio（系列產(chǎn)品）oforganicwinesfromallaround

theworld:ChiantifromItaly,TorrontesfromArgentina.Elmandoesn'tworkalone.Herassistant,aguidedognamed

Hanley,issomethingofawinesnob,andquiteabeggar,HanleytravelstoallofthewineriesthatElmandoes,from

SouthAmericatoEurope.

Atfirst,Elmanresistedtheideaofaguide-dog.Nowit'shardtoimagineherlife,orherbusiness,withouthim.She

said."WhensomeonetellsmesomethingisorganicandIdon'treallybelieveitbecauseItastesomethingfunnyonit,Pll

putitinfrontofhisfaceandifhelikesthewine,he'llgotosniffit.Ififsnotright,he'llturnhisheadaway.Hegetsin

thedirtwithme.Hescratchesaround.Hemakessurethatweseeearthwormsandbutterflies.That'showweknowthat

thesoilisactuallyorganic,andthattherearenochemicals.”

ElmantoldCBSNewsshebelievesthelossofhervisionwasagift.Shesaid,“Itallowedmetopayattentiontowhat

Ithoughtwasimportantandalsotobeabletoteachpeoplethatthebrokenhanenailisnotabigdeal,youknowwhatI

mean?Don'tsweatthesmallstuff.Don'tsweatthebigstuffeither.”

1、Elmanhidherselfinherfather'svineyardprobablybecauseshe.

A?sufferedfromjuvenilediabetes

B.wasextremelypainfulforherblindness

C.wouldliketohelpherfatherwiththework

D.expectedtorecoverhersightsoonerorlater

2、Theunderlinedphrase“thebrokenhangnail”（inParagraph5）probablyrefersto?

A.anailwhichisofnouse

B.adisadvantageyouhaveinyourlife

C.apersonwhoishardtodealwith

D.ataskthatisnoteasytoaccomplish

3^Thispassageismainlytotellusthat.

A.AlexElmanleadsamiserablelife

B.HanleybringsAlexElmanmuchfun

C.AlexElmangetsalongwellwithherpet

D.ablindwomantastessuccessinwinebusiness

23.（8分）JoannewasstuckinatrafficjamincentralBirminghamat5:30,andat6:30shewasexpectedtobe

chairingameetingofthetennisclub.Atlast,thetrafficwasmoving.Sheswungquicklyracingtoherhouse.Asshe

openedthedoor,shenearlytrippedoverSheba.

“Hey,Sheba/9shesaid,"I'vegotnotimeforyounow,butI'lltakeyououtassoonasIgetbackfromtennisclub.”

ThenshenoticedShebaseemedtobecoughingorchoking.Obviously,shecouldhardlybreathe.Immediately,Joanne

realizedshewouldhavetotakehertothevet（獸醫(yī)）.Whenshegotthere,thevetwasjustabouttoclosefortheday.

SeeingthestateofSheba,Dr.Sternebroughtherquicklyintohisottice.

“Listen,doctor,I'mreallyinarushtogettoameeting-canIleaveherwithyou,andgoandgetchanged?I'llbe

backintenminutestopickherup,andthenFiltakeherontothemeetingwithme.IsthatOK?”

“Sure,“saidthedoctor.

Joannemadethequicktripbacktoherhouseinacoupleofminutes.Asshewasoncemoreenteringthehallway,

thephonebythedoorbegantoring.

“ThisisDr.Sterne/9saidananxiousvoice."Iwantyoutogetoutofthathouseimmediately/9saidthedoctor's

voice."I'mcomingroundfightaway,andthepolicewillbethereanytimenow.Waitoutside!”

Atthatmoment,apolicecarscreechedtoastopoutsidethehouse.Twopolicemengotoutandranintothehouse.

Joannewasbynowcompletelyconfusedandveryfrightened.Thenthedoctorarrived.

“Where'sSheba?IssheOK?”shoutedJoanne.

"She'sfree,Joanne.Itookoutthethingwhichwaschokingher,and$he'sOKnow.”

Justthen,thetwopolicemenreappearedfromthehouse,half-carryingawhite-facedman,whocouldhardlywalk.

Therewasbloodalloverhim.

“MyGod,“saidJoanne,“howdidhegetinthere?Andhowdidyouknowhewasthere?”

“Ithinkhemustbeaburglar/9saidthedoctor.knewhewastherebecausewhenIfinallyremovedwhatwas

stuckinSheba'sthroat;itturnedouttobethreehumanfingers.99

1、WhatwasJoannesupposedtodoat6:30?

A.Towalkherdog.B.Toseeherdoctor.

C.Toattendaclubmeeting.D.Toplaytenniswithherfriends.

2^Joannewantedtogetbacktoherhomeagain.

A.todressupforthemeeting

B.tophonethepolicestation

C.tocatchthebadlyhurtburglar

D.towaitforherdogtobecured

3、Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat?

A.Shebafoughtagainsttheburglar

B.thepolicefoundtheburglarhadbrokenin

C.Joannehadplannedtotakeherdogtothemeeting

D.thedoctorperformedadifHcuItoperationonthedog

4^Inthispassage,thewriterintendstotellusthatthedogis?

A.cleverB.friendly

C.frighteningD.devoted

24.（8分）It's3o'clockandyou'vebeenhardatwork.Asyousitatyourdesk,astrongdesireforchocolate

overcomesyou.Youtrytobusyyourselftomakeitgoaway.Butitdoesn't.Hereisanothersituation.Perhapsyouare

notfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatisabigbowlofchickensoup,likeyourmumusedtomakewhenyou

weresickasachild.Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.

ScientistsatthewebsiteHowStuffWorkscomparehungerandcravingsthisway.Hungerisafairlysimple

connectionbetweenthestomachandthebrain.Theyevencallitsimply“stomachhunger”.Whenourstomachsburnup

allofthefoodwehaveeaten,ahormone（激素）sendsamessagetoonepartofthebrainformorefood,whichregulates

ourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchasthirst,hungerandsleep.Thebrainthenproducesachemicaltostarttheappetite

andyoueat.Hungerisafunctionofsurvival.

Acravingismorecomplex.Itactivatesbrainareasrelatedtoemotion,memoryandreward.Thesearethesame

areasofthebrainactivatedduringdrug-cravingstudies.Becauseofthis,somescientistscallfoodcravings”mind

hunger".Peopleoftencravefoodsthatarehighinfatandsugar.Foodsthatarehighinfatorhighinsugarproduce

chemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.

Ina2007study,researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthatdietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthe

possibilityoffoodcravings.So,themoreyoudenyyourselfafoodthatyouwant,themoreyoumaycraveit.However,

fasting（禁食）isabitdifferent.Theyfoundthateatingnofoodatallforashortperiodoftimelessenedfoodcravings.

So,thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific,knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyour

stomach.

1、Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Todeepentheunderstandingofhunger.

B.Toleadtothetopicofthewholepassage.

C.Toreportthediscoveryofcravingstudy.

D.Toremindreadersoftheirownspecialfood.

2、Whatdowelearnaboutfoodcravings?

A.Itmeansthestomachfunctionswell.B.Itensuresapersonsurviveshunger.

C.Itshowsfoodislinkedtofeelings.D.Itprovesthebraindecidesyourappetite.

3、What'sthelikelyresultofdieting?

A.Theincreaseoffooddesire.Thedecreaseofchemicals.

C.Therefusaloffatandsugar.D.Thedisappearanceofappetite.

4、Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Thefindingsoffoodcravings.B.Whathungerisallabout.

C.Thefunctionsofbrainareas.D.Whatdietingmaybringus.

25.（10分）TheonethingeveryonelovestohatewhenitcomestotheInternet-theuserpassword—isunderfire

now.Actually,it'sbeenunderfireforalongtime.

Inanidealworld,peoplewouldusealongstringcomposedofcompletelyrandomcharacters,numbersand

symbols.Furthermore,auniquepasswordwouldbeusedforeverysiteorapplicationtheuseruses.Unfortunately,the

morecomplexthepasswordsbecome,themorepeoplearelikelytoforgetthem.Thelongerthepasswordsare,themore

easilyforgottentheyare.Therefore,peopleusethesamepasswordforeveryserviceorapplication.Itisano-noand

extremelydefeatsthepurposeofapassword.

Googleistryingtokillofftheuserpassword,atleastonAndroiddevicesbyintroducingtheTrustAPI,whichdoes

whatsimplepasswordscannot.Itgivesdevelopersaframeworkforsecuringtheirapplicationsusinganumberof

securitysystemandmetrics（衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）onthedevice.ATrustScorewillbegeneratedbasedonthemetricsthedevice

gathersandwillallowordenyaccesstoapplicationsbasedonwhetherornotyourTrustScoreishighenough.

TheTrustScorewillbegeneratedbasedonmetricslikeyourdevicelocation,facescanningandfingerprint,andthe

thingslikeyourtypingspeedorthewayyouspeak.Takenoneatatime,thesemetricsarenotsecure.Buttakentogether,

thesemetricswillhelpdefinethereal"you”.

Passwordshavebeenaroundsincethedawnofcomputingandalthoughthesecurityofsystemshasbeenimproved,

theyhaven9tdonemuchtoimprovetheusabilityofsystems.Googleappearstohavethebestofbothworlds—ahighly

securesystemthatenduserswonAevennotice.Maybethatnever-endingconflictbetweensecurityandconveniencewill

beabletotakeabreakoncethetrustsystemcomesout.

1、Whyarepasswordsseverelycriticized?

A.Theycan'tprotectusersagainstallthreats.

B.Resettingthemneedsmuchtimeandeffort.

C.Theyaren'tsuitablefortheforgetfulpeople.

D.Ifsdifficulttogetbothconvenienceandsafety.

2、HowcantheTrustAPIbecomesecureenough?

A.Bycombiningvariousmetricstogether.

B.Bylockingusers9privateinformation.

C.ByprovidinguserswithTrustScores.

D.Bychangingusers9identityrecognitionways.

3^Whatcanweknowaboutthetrustsystem?

A.Ithasn'tbeenprovedtobeeffective.

B.Itiswidelyusedinmanyfields.

C.Itmaymakepasswordsoutofuse.

D.Itneedstobeimprovedfromnowon.

4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Aren'tPasswordsVeryComplex?

B.IstheTrustAPIJustPieintheSky?

C.WhatCantheTrustAPIBringUsers?

D.WillPasswordsSoonBeaThingofthePast?

第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、

C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.

26.（30分）SincechildhoodI'dbeenaccustomedtoalifewhereIwouldbeafraidofeverything.Isawmyselfasan

insecureand1individual.Butthen,alltoosuddenly,something2,andoveraperiodof6monthsI

firmlymanagedto3oneofmydiets,andlost30pounds.This4mefromoverweightstraightdownto

underweight.The5taughtmethatIcouldchangemyself.

Iheardaboutapublicspeaking6goingonatmyuniversity,andforthefirsttime,Iactuallymanagedto_

7thecouragetogothere.Itwas8ForthefirsttimeIsharedmystoryinfrontofdozensofpeople9

judgingme,andsuddenlyallthe10fearsaboutspeakingpubliclystarted11,ThistaughtmeIcouldget

ridofmy12.

Myroadtochange,fromthatpointon,wentfroma（n）13toaneatandorderlyhighway,andIstarted

changingrapidly.

UsingthefactthatIcouldgetridofmyfears,Istartedworkingonthemonebyone.Myfearof14

strangers,myfearofaskingsimple15Ishould“make16ofbymyseir\myfearofhangingoutwith

people.Allofthemweregone.AndIstillcontinueto17tothisdaywithout18.

Attheend,myweaknessofbeingsociallyincompetentforsolongbecamemy19asittaughtmehowto

change,asInowfighttobecomefarbetterthanthe20,andtheabsolutebestIcanbe.

1、A.unconfidentB.dissatisfiedC.surprisedD.thoughtful

2、A.missedB.jumpedC.polishedD.struck

3、A.accountforB.applyforC.sticktoD.seeto

4、A.producedB.broughtC.exposedD.introduced

5、A.failureB.adventureC.experienceD.connection

6、A.organizationB.instructionC.ideaD.event

7、A.gatherB.observeC.attractD.balance

8、A.offeringB.liberatingC.blindingD.confusing

9、A.impatientlyB.hopefullyC.potentiallyD.cheerfully

10、A.temporaryB.comfortableC.limitedD.random

11、A.acceleratingB.disappearingC.removingD.convincing

12、A.fearsB.urgesC.appointmentD.anger

13^A.chanceB.orderC.momentD.mess

14、A.treatingB.witnessingC.greetingD.remembering

15、A.occasionsB.questionsC.purposesD.promises

16、A.senseB.notesC.funD.knowledge

17、A.progressB.promoteC.complainD.research

18、A.exampleB.discoveryC.stopD.information

19、A.feelingB.heightC.contributionD.strength

20、A.typicalB.averageC.extraD.precious

第二節(jié)(每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

27.(15分)語法填空

WhilegoingbackpackingaroundEurope,IfoundL(me)inanembarrassingsituation.Mywalletandclothes

2.(steal)whenIwasshoppinginacrowedmarket!AllIleftwasmypassportandaplanetickettomynext

destination.AfterI3.(anxious)toldoneofthestaffattheyouthhotelIwasstayinginaboutmyproblem,sheoffered

4.(help)meout.Togetherwefoundouthowtowire(電匯)moneyfrommyparentstomynextcitystop.Thenshe

printedamapandtoldmehowtogettotheplace5.Icouldpickitup.Shecalledmynexthotelandexplainedthe

situation>6>(arrange)formetocheckinandpayadaylater.JustwhenIthoughteverythingwouldbefine,Irealized

Ididn*thaveanymoneytopayfor7.traintotheairport.That*swhyshegavemeenoughmoneytobuytheticket.8.her

help,mytripwouldhavebeenover.TothisdayIamvery9.（thank）forherkindness.Thiseventrenewedmy

10<（believe）thatmostpeopleouttherearegood.

第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）

28.（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，

每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

MyclassmatesandIdecidetodosomethingforourcominggraduationsAftertheheateddiscussion,weagreedon

makingavideotorecordtheirschoollifeexperiences^

Materialcollectingtookusawholeweek-weinterviewedourteachersortookpicturesofalmosteveryaspectofour

schoollife>Edittheinterviewvideosandpicturesweretough、Wedebatedaboutwhattoputintothevideo、Some

compromisesandargumentswereunavoidable,butthevideoturnedouttobeperfectlyNSeveraldayslater,whenthe

videoplayedatthegraduationceremony,itwaswellreceivedNThestudentsandteachershadagreattime、That

surelygaveusagreatsenseofachievements^

第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）

29.（25分）你是李華，正在英國牛津大學(xué)留學(xué)。你的同學(xué)Luke創(chuàng)立了一個圖書分享網(wǎng)站,該網(wǎng)站

近期組織一次校園圖書分享活動；有兩種分享方式：一是自由分享（wildrelease）,二是定向分享（controlledrelease）,

你很有興趣參加活動，但是一些具體信息不明確。請給Luke發(fā)一封電子郵件，詢問有關(guān)信息。包括：

1.兩種方式的具體含義；

2.活動的時間和地點；

3.參與交換的圖書類別；

4.參與活動的報名方式

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3.信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出。

參考答案

第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

1、D

2、A

3、D

4、D

5、C

6、D

7、A

8、C

9、B

10、B

11、C

12、D

13、A

14、C

15、C

16、A

17、C

18、C

19、C

20、D

第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

21、1、B

2、C

3、B

22、1、B

2、B

3、D

23、1、C

2、A

3、A

4、D

24、1、B

2、C

3^A

4、A

25、1、D

2、A

3、C

4、D

第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、

C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.

26>1、A

2、D

3、C

4、B

5、C

6、D

7、A

8、B

9、C

10、D

11、B

12、