采礦工程專業(yè)常用英語(yǔ)詞匯

★采礦工程專業(yè)常用英語(yǔ)詞匯★①geologicstructure地質(zhì)構(gòu)造geologicagegeologictermcoalfield煤田take井田reserveofthetake井田儲(chǔ)量geologicreservecoalexploration煤層勘探explore②sedimentaryrock沉積巖metamorphoserock變質(zhì)巖igneousrock火成巖alluvium沖積層coalseammineraldeposit礦床③epoch紀(jì)元、紀(jì)、代Permian二疊紀(jì)（系）Carboniferous石炭紀(jì)Cretaceous白堊紀(jì)Tertiary第三紀(jì)④fold褶曲fault斷層normal～reverse～faulting斷層作用⑤strike走向alongthestrikedip傾向、傾角dipangleofcoalseam煤層傾角⑥weathered風(fēng)化的bituminouscoal煙煤[bi’tjuminэs]anthracite無(wú)煙煤lignite褐煤limestone石灰?guī)rsandstone砂巖shale頁(yè)巖⑦fullymechanizedcoalface綜采conventionalmining普采Semi-mechanizedcoalfaceblastingmining炮采fullymechanizedsublevelcavingmining綜放⑧colliery(coalmine)collieryundertaking~企業(yè)Longwallmining長(zhǎng)壁開采Roomandpillar房柱式開采pillarandstallPanel,district,miningarea盤區(qū)采區(qū)⑨Shaft(vertical)井筒adit平硐shaftsinking井筒掘進(jìn)opencastopenpit露天礦surfaceminingstripmining⑩strata(stratum)巖層stimulatedcaving強(qiáng)制放頂longwalladvancingretreatingroof(floor)頂（底）板main~immediate~false~11pitbottomshaftstation井底車場(chǎng)upcastdowncast進(jìn)回風(fēng)井ventilateventilationborehole鉆孔drillbunker(coalbin)煤倉(cāng)12Skip箕斗cage罐籠conveyor運(yùn)輸機(jī)beltconveyor膠帶運(yùn)輸機(jī)AFC(ArmoredFaceConveyer)刮板輸送機(jī)coalpreparation選煤Poweredroofsupport液壓支架(shield)13driftentryroadwaygateroad巷道crosscut石門，橫貫，捷徑methane甲烷瓦斯gas~drainagegob，goaf(minedoutarea)采空區(qū)14airway風(fēng)道intake~return~進(jìn)風(fēng)巷回風(fēng)巷stress-strain應(yīng)力－應(yīng)變stressreliefzonede-stressed應(yīng)力解除15roomdispatcher’s～pump～泵房dispatcher’sroom調(diào)度室waitingroom候車室winchengineroomfirst-aidroom16taleair乏風(fēng)freshintake~tailentryheadentry順槽heading掘進(jìn)頭rise~上山opening~開切眼17timber木支柱prop,jack支柱individualjacks（prop）單體支柱convergence頂?shù)装逡平?、?huì)合smooth~緩慢下沉（巷道）freesubsidencemethod（采場(chǎng)）18wasteheap/spoiltip矸石山spontaneouscombustion自燃hoist提升gateroad/drift/entry巷道inclinegate斜巷inclineshaft19tectonic構(gòu)造的～stressminingregulationssafetyregulationsrock/undergroundpressure礦山壓力Behaviorofrock/undergroundpressure礦山壓力顯現(xiàn)20floorheave底鼓thinormedium-thickseam中厚inclineseam傾向煤層sloping~steepcoalseam急傾向煤層gentlyslopping~緩傾斜煤層21crackedroof破碎頂板fracturedroofcrush,crackspacingofmainfalls放頂步距distanceofrooffallwinch小絞車caving~eakerprops/breakersupport切頂支柱withdrawalofsupport回柱propwithdrawer回柱絞車shield-typesupport掩護(hù)式支架chocksupport垛式支架常用專業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯23survey(ing)測(cè)量~station觀測(cè)站elevation標(biāo)高elevator，lifttransit經(jīng)緯儀fullcavingmethod全部跨落法partialcavingpartialbackfilling(packing)24subsidence下沉~trough~basin下沉盆地surfacestructure（building）地表建筑物surfacemovementanddeformation地表移動(dòng)和變形Contour等值線下沉（Subsidence）、傾斜（Slope）、曲率（Curvature）、水平移動(dòng)（Displacement）、水平變形（Horizontalstrain）25aquifer含水層coalminingaboveaconfinedaquifer承壓水上采煤protectivepillar保護(hù)煤柱barrierpillar隔離煤柱26angleofdraw移動(dòng)角邊界角drawangleofstrata邊界角surfacecracks地表裂縫Surfaceslope(incline)地表傾斜curvature曲率27Overburdenstrata上覆巖層overlyingstrata上覆巖層structuredamage建筑物損害recoveryratio采出率、回采率backfillingminingmethodfillingminingstowingminingmethod充填回采建筑物下開采(Miningunderbuildings)鐵路下開采(Miningunderrailways)水體下開采(Miningunderwaterbodies)29simultaneousextraction同時(shí)開采limitedthicknessextraction限厚開采selectedextraction選擇開采continuousextraction連續(xù)開采landreclaimationtechnology土地復(fù)墾技術(shù)30compressedairdrill風(fēng)鉆electric~電鉆yieldingsupport可縮支架rigid~剛性支架roofbolting頂板錨桿resin~31auxiliaryfans局扇auxiliaryshaft副井subsidiaryshaft副井Mainshaft主井minewaterdrainage礦井排水haulagehoistinglighting運(yùn)輸、提升、照明32seamsubjecttorockburst易突出煤層～spontaneouscombustion易自然煤層rockburst巖爆沖擊礦壓surroundingrock圍巖firstcost初期投資33multiplecoalseam多煤層subsoil下層基巖quarry采場(chǎng)、采礦場(chǎng)、采石場(chǎng)horizon區(qū)段、水平horizontal34washery洗煤＝coalpreparationplantdevelopment，Preparation，productionsystemhigh-productive&highefficientcoalmine高產(chǎn)高效礦井35ascendingorderdescendingminingcoalification煤化作用repairingshiftdevelopmentshiftproductivecapacity，output36standbyequipmentdeplete枯竭采完extract/mine/exploit/win/work開采cantilever懸臂梁water-bearingground含水地層37run-of-minecoal原煤rawwashedcoal，cleancoalfossilfuel化石燃料rockmechanics巖石力學(xué)dummyroad盲巷safetypillar安全煤柱38tensilestressfield（zone）拉應(yīng)力區(qū)Compressivestressfieldrockmass巖體rockmechanicsincoalmining煤礦巖石力學(xué)Rockpressure巖石壓力39behaviorofrockpressure礦山壓力顯現(xiàn)Stress應(yīng)力；Strain應(yīng)變r(jià)ockstratacontrol(groundcontrol)巖層控制elasticdeformation彈性變形plasticdeformation塑性變形40rheologyofrock巖石（體）流變性virginrock[mass]/initialrock[mass]原巖（體）

virginstressofrock[mass]原巖應(yīng)力initialstressofrock[mass]原巖應(yīng)力virginstressfieldofrock[mass]initialstressfieldofrock[mass]原巖應(yīng)力場(chǎng)41stressinsurroundingrock圍巖應(yīng)力stress-concentratedzone應(yīng)力增高區(qū)virginstresszone（field）initialstresszone原巖應(yīng)力區(qū)coefficientofstressconcentration應(yīng)力集中系數(shù)42Support支架，支撐partialcavingmethod局部跨落法pillarsupportmethod煤柱支撐法43weak(soft)strata松軟巖層hardstrata堅(jiān)硬巖層unstableroof不穩(wěn)定頂板loadofsupport支架載荷44mediumstableroof中等穩(wěn)定頂板stableroof穩(wěn)定頂板hardroof;strongroof堅(jiān)硬頂板classificationofroof頂板分類classify45settingload初撐力yieldload額定工作阻力supportload支護(hù)阻力propdensity支柱密度46loaddensity;supportingintensity支護(hù)強(qiáng)度ribspalling片幫impactload沖擊載荷47firstweighting初次來(lái)壓periodicweighting(o