甘肅省夏河縣夏河中學(xué)2024年高三下第一次測(cè)試英語試題含解析

甘肅省夏河縣夏河中學(xué)2024年高三下第一次測(cè)試英語試題請(qǐng)考生注意：1．請(qǐng)用2B鉛筆將選擇題答案涂填在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上，請(qǐng)用0．5毫米及以上黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將主觀題的答案寫在答題紙相應(yīng)的答題區(qū)內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙上均無效。2．答題前，認(rèn)真閱讀答題紙上的《注意事項(xiàng)》，按規(guī)定答題。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Lackofsleep_______leadtoweakenedimmunityandmemory,andalsoslowphysicalgrowth.A．shall B．must C．should D．can2．Newpolicies,_______toinsurethatcompulsoryeducationistrulyfree,________bythelocalgovernmentacrossChinasincethestartofschoolonSeptember1.A．intending;havebeenmadeknown B．intended;havebeenmadeknownC．intending;aremadeknown D．intended;hadmadeknown3．Governmentsaroundtheworldincreasingly________artificialintelligencetohelppromoteeconomicgrowth.A．putoutB．rolloutC．makeoutD．reachout4．—CanIlieaboutseeingatextbecauseIwastoobusyorlazytorespondtoit?—Receivingatextdoesnotnecessarilymeanyouhavetorespond．Whywasteaperfectlygoodlie________thetruthwillserve?A．unless B．until C．when D．while5．________workandcreativeactivitieshavebeenimportantdriversofhumanprogressisdeeplyrootedinoursocialvalues.A．HowB．WhetherC．ThatD．Why6．—Alice,whyaren’tyouatworktoday?—Iadayoff． A．havegiven B．havebeengiven C．gave D．wasgiven7．Ineedhelpnow!IhavetofixaleakingpipeinmybathroombutI’mnotsure______tobegin.A．whatB．whichC．whereD．when8．—Alicehasjustlostherhusbandtoheartfailure.—Her______smilecan’thidehersorrow.A．a(chǎn)rbitrary B．a(chǎn)rtificialC．compulsory D．conventional9．Newly________chairmanoftheChineseBasketballAssociation,YaoMinghasputreformingthedomesticgame’smanagementatthetopofhisagenda.A．a(chǎn)ppointing B．a(chǎn)ppointedC．beingappointed D．havingappointed10．Friendshipcanneverbeatrade;______,itneedsthemostthoroughandunprofitableconcept.A．inaddition B．bycontrast C．inreturn D．bychance11．It’shardforelderlypeopletosee______convenienceasmartphonecanbringtous.A．whatB．whichC．whoseD．how12．Theyintendedtohavetheschoolbetterequipped，thelocalgovernmentwas notabletogetenoughmoneytodoso.A．unless B．while C．a(chǎn)lthough D．once13．—Hi,Tom,haveyoucheckedtheaccountyet?—Certainly,I________itfivetimeseventhoughyoutoldmetodoittwice.A．checkedB．willhavecheckedC．havebeencheckingD．hadchecked14．Janecan’tattendthemeetingat3o’clockthisafternoonbecauseshe______aclassatthattime.A．willteach B．wouldteachC．hastaught D．willbeteaching15．—Ouch,mum!Afishbonehasstuckinmyteeth!—______,Lucy.Iamcoming.A．TakeyourtimeB．HelpyourselfC．Don’tbotherD．Takeiteasy16．worriesthepublicthatairpollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreseriousthesedays.A．It B．That C．What D．This17．---IsitconvenienttoyouifIcallyouupat9o’clocktomorrowmorning?---I’mafraidnot.I______ameetingthen.A．willhaveattended B．wasattendingC．willbeattending D．a(chǎn)mattending18．Moststudentsstudybecauseit’sunavoidable.________,therearestudentswhoactuallyenjoyit.A．Asaresult B．InadditionC．Inconclusion D．Bycontrast19．－Thezookeeperwasreallyannoyedwithme.－Howcouldhehavebeenifyou____stonesattheanimals?A．didn’tthrow B．don’tthrowC．hadn’tthrown D．haven’tthrown20．—I’mtiredout.Ican’trunanyfurther,Tom.—________!Mike.I’msureyoucandoit.A．Comeon B．NohurryC．Noproblem D．Welldone第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）Dogsmayactuallyunderstandwhattheirownersaretryingtosay,accordingtoanewstudy.Moreover,whendogslistentosomeonetalking,theymayusebrainregionsthatareequaltothosethathumansusetounderstandwhatotherssay,theresearchersfound.Inotherwords,thenewstudyshowsthatthebrainmechanisms(結(jié)構(gòu)）involvedintheprocessofunderstandinghumanspeecharesimilarindogsandhumans.Thismeansthatthebrainmechanismsinvolvedinunderstandinghumanspeecharenotuniquetohumans.Toconveyinformationthroughspeech,peopleusebothwordsandintonation(語調(diào)）,whichisthewayaperson'svoicerisesandfallstoexpressanemotionormeaning,suchaspraiseordisapproval.Similarly,tounderstandwhatsomeoneistryingtosay,peoplehavetopayattentiontoboththeirwordsandtheirintonation.Inthestudy,theresearcherswantedtoseewhetherdogsalsopayattentiontobothwordsandintonationwhentryingtounderstandwhatahumanistryingtosaytothem.Toconductthestudy,theresearcherslookedat13dogs.Theresearchersmeasuredthedogs’brainactivitywithabrainscannerwhilethedogslistenedtorecordingsoftheirtrainersspeakingdifferentcombinationsofwordsandintonations.Theresearchersfoundthatthedogspaidattentiontoboththewordsandintonationwhentryingtounderstandhumanspeech,justashumansdowhentheytrytounderstandhumanspeech.Thisfindingmeansthatdogsmayunderstandboththewordsandtheintonationthathumansusewhentheytalktodogs.Thebrainscansalsosuggestedthatthedogsusedtheleftpartsoftheirbrainswhiletryinglounderstandwordshutusedtherightpartsoftheirbrainswhiletryingtounderstandintonation.Similarly,humansusetheleftpartsoftheirbrainswhiletryingtounderstandthemeaningsofwordsandtherightpartsoftheirbrainswhiletryingtounderstandintonation.1、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．YourDogUnderstandsWhatYou’reSayingB．ABigChallengetoHumanBeingsC．OurBestFriends—DogsD．TheDogsintheFuture2、Whatdopeopleusetoconveyinformationthroughspeech?A．Emotionormeaning.B．Voicerisingandfalling.C．Wordsandintonation.D．Praiseordisapproval.3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Dogsarethecleverestanimals.B．Itisgenerallybelievedthatthebrainmechanismsinvolvedinunderstandinghumanspeechareuniquetohumans.C．Withthebrainmechanismslikehuman's,dogscanspeakashumandointhenearfuture.D．Dogsarealsogoodallearninglanguages.22．（8分）HerearefourwonderfulhotelsandcampsitesinEurope.EkiesAllSensesResort,Chalkidiki,GreeceThiscouldbetheperfectretreatforstressedparentswhoneedspoiling.Forastart,it’sinlovelyGreece,butthere’snoneedtotakeaferry,asit’sonthemainland.Withajuicebarbesidethe(heated)pool,open-airspa,calmbeach,restaurantsormealsondemand,andsecretbaystoexplorebyboat,itmakesforasuper-relaxedbreak.·Doublesfrom€

88,juniorsuite(sleeps4)from€138anight,familysuite(sleeps6)from

€272B&B,openlateApril-October,CasaVicentina,Algarve,PortugalForaback-to-naturefeel,family-runCasaVicentinaintheAlgarveisperfect.Builtwithecologicalmaterials,it’sinaprotectedparkareaonanaturallake.Breakfastisaplentifulbuffet-andbikesaresuppliedfreeofchargesoyoucangotothebeachorcafesandrestaurants.Accommodationisinbrightlydecoratedroomsorlargersuitescompletewithsmallkitchens.·Roomsfrom€75B&B,wonderfulland.ComFairyChimneyInn,Cappadocia,TurkeyOlderkidswilllovethefairytalelandscapeofCappadociaandtheexcitementofstayinginacavehotel.TheFairyChimneyInnusedtobepartofacavemonastery(修道院).Itsroomsarebeautifulandhomely,withtraditionaldecorationsandtheoccasionalreminderofthemodernworld.Allroomshavecourtyardsoverlookingtheextraordinarylandscape.·Roomsfrom€55B&B,plus11perchild,fairychimney.ComCasaSanGabriel,Umbria,ItalyCasaSanGabrielisasmallhilltopfarmwherethreeself-cateringcottagesshareaswimmingpool,playgroundandbarbecue.There’saddedexcitementforyoungguestsinthefamilyofalpacas(羊駝)keptonsite.Thereareseveralwater,wildlifeandactivityparksnearby,andslightlyfurtherafieldaPinocchiothemepark.·AweekatIIFienilecottage(sleeps4-6)costsfrom€650,B&B(lowseasononly)from€95,casasangabriel.com1、IntheEkiesAllSensesResort,youcanenjoy_______.A．a(chǎn)ferryjourneyB．a(chǎn)nopen-airspaC．livingintreehousesD．dancingintheplayground2、Whichofthefollowingwillyouchooseifyouwanttoenjoyabreakfastbuffet?A．TheEkiesAllSensesResort.B．CasaVicentinaC．TheFairyChimneyInnD．CasaSanGabriel3、Ifyouwanttoseesomewildlifeonholiday,whichwebsiteshouldyouclick?A．B．C．D．23．（8分）Thesummerbeforemydaddied,wemovedhouse.Upuntilthatpoint,ourfamilyhadourownspacetospreadout.Moneywastight,sotherewasnotelevisionset,butweownedaturntableonwhichmydad’srecordsplayedconstantly.Mostly,itplayedBobDylan.TracksfromTheBasementTapesandDesirebecameanimportantpartofournewlife.MybrotherandI,aged8and10,climbedtrees,builthideawaysandlearnedthewordsofClothesLineSaga.Wewouldchantoverthe,lostinourownjoy.ItwasJanuarywhenmydadleftusforeverbecauseofthecancer.Hewas36goingon37then,thesameageasDylan.Afterwards,ourlaughterdisappeared,butwekeptonplayingtherecords,whichbecameouronlyritualofremembrance.Thetwomenbecamesointertwinedinmyhead,Istruggledtotellthemapart.Dylanwasmydad’sgifttome.Whatchildwouldn’tbefascinatedbysongsfullofpiratesandseasicksailors?HowdiditfeeltohaveNodirectionhome?Farewell,Angelinabecamemyparty-piece.Iwouldsingthisatchurchcheeseandwinestotheassembledaudience.Alotofdonationsweremade.Growingup,Iremainedafanofthemusic,butIwasn’tobsessedwithDylanuntilonedayinearly1995,mybrotherboughtusbothticketstoseehimplayatBrixtonAcademy.Londonfeltlikealongwaytogo.ButfinallyseeingDylanstepoutontothestagebroughtasuddenrushofexcitement.IhaveseenDylanacoupleoftimessince.Mybrotherisnotaroundsomuchthesedays.Buthewasupforavisitrecently.Wepassedahappyeveninglaughinganddrinking,whilehisson,agednine,performedhisparty—pieceSubterraneanHomesickBluesforus.Hesangitword-perfect.Andsoitgoeson:Dylan’smusicasagift,passeddownthegenerations.1、What’stheauthor’spurposedofwritingthepassage?A．Topraisehislatefather.B．Totellabouthisfamilyhistory.C．Toexpresshislongingforfamilyreunion.D．ToshowhisloveforBobDylan.2、Theunderlinedword“ritual”inthesecondparagraphmeans“________”.A．passionB．ceremonyC．memoryD．belief3、Howdidtheauthorraisemoneyinhischildhood?A．BysingingaDylan’ssongatchurchgatherings.B．Byprovidingcheeseandwinestochurchprayers.C．Byplayingaprivateinchurchperformances.D．Byacceptingdonationsfromthechurch.4、Therecentvisitoftheauthor’sbrotherindicatesthat________.A．hisnephewwaseverinvitedtoplayinDylan’sconcertB．hisbrotherhasneverseenaliveperformanceofDylanC．Dylan’smusichasinfluencedthreegenerationsofhisfamilyD．SubterraneanHomesickBluesisalwayshisfavouritesong24．（8分）Compassion（同情）isadesirewithinustohelpothers.Witheffort,wecantranslatecompassionintoaction.Anexperiencelastweekendshowedmethisistrue.Iworkpart-timeinsupermarketacrossfromabuildingfortheelderly.Theseoldpeopleareourmaincustomers,andit’snothardtolosepatienceovertheirslowness.ButlastSunday,oneagedgentlemanappearedtoteachmeavaluablelesson.Thisuntidymanwalkeduptomyregister（收款機(jī)）withaboxofbiscuits.Hesaidhewasoutofcash,hadjustmovedintohisroom,andhadnothinginhiscupboards.Heaskedifwecouldlethimhavethefoodontrust.Hepromisedtorepaymethenextday.Icouldn’thelpstaringathim.Iwonderedwhatkindofpersonhehadbeentenortwentyyearsbefore,andwhathewouldbelikeiffortunehadgonehisway.Ihadahurtinmyheartforthiskindofhumansoul,allaloneintheworld.ItoldhimthatIwassorry,butstorerulesdidn’tallowmetodoso.Ifeltstupidandunkindsayingthis,butIvaluedmyjob.Justthen,anotherman,standingbehindthefirst,spokeup.Ifanything,helookedmorepitiable,“Chargeittome,”wasallhesaid.WhatIhadbeenfeelingwaspity.Pityissoftandsafeandeasy.Compassion,ontheotherhand,iscaringinaction.Ithankedthesecondmanbuttoldhimthatwasnotallowedeither.ThenIreachedintomypocketandpaidforthebiscuitsmyself.Ireachedintomypocketbecausethesetwomenhadreachedintomyheartandtaughtmecompassion.1、Theagedgentlemanwhowantedtobuythebiscuits______.A．promisedtoobeythestorerulesB．hopedtohavethefoodfirstandpaylaterC．forgottotakehiscreditcardwithhimD．couldnotaffordanythingmoreexpensive2、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheoldgentleman?A．Kindandlucky. B．Friendlyandhelpful.C．Poorandlonely. D．Hurtanddisappointed.3、Whydidtheauthorrefusetheoldgentleman’srequestfirst?A．Heconsideredtheoldmandishonest.B．Hefeltnopityfortheoldgentleman.C．Hewantedtokeephispresentjob.D．Heexpectedsomeoneelsetopayfortheoldman.4、Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromthisexperience?A．Obeyingtherulesmeansmorethancompassion.B．Wealthismostimportantinolderage.C．Experienceisbettergainedthroughpractice.D．Compassionmeanshelpinginsomeway.25．（10分）Oneverymeasure,Britainisanexpensiveplacetostudy.Tuitionfees(學(xué)費(fèi))intheUKhavenowreached￡9,250ayearandstudentsalsofacesomeofthehighestlivingcostsintheworld.FortunatelythereareanumberofcountrieswhereuniversitiesofferdegreeprogrammesentirelyinEnglish,alongwiththechancetolearnthelocallanguagewhileyoulivethere.Herearethreeoftheoptionsbrokendownindetail.UniversityofAmsterdamTheDutchcapitalisnotacheapcitytolivein,butstandardtuitionfeesof￡1,800ayearmakeitsignificantlycheaperthanaBritishdegreeat￡37，400forthreeyearsallin.thereare14bachelor’sdegreesonofferthataretaughtinEnglish,includingPoliticalScience,Economics&BusinessEconomicsandActuarialScience.NearlyallDutchpeoplespeakEnglishfmakingitaneasycountrytogetbyin.TianjinUniversityMovingtoChinaisnotforthefainthearted.UndergraduatedegreecoursesatTianjinlastfouryears,butthetotalcost,at￡28,800,isstillaroundhalfthecostofathree-yeardegreeinBritain.Livingcostsareonlyaround￡400amonthandtuitionfeesare￡2,300ayear.Flightswillcost￡3,600overthefouryears.Tianjinisoneoftheworld’slatestcitiesandisonlyahalf-hourtrainridefromBeijing.ThreeundergraduateprogrammesareofferedinEnglish：ChemicalEngineering,Environment&EnergyandPharmaceuticalScience.UniversityofMilanTheUniversityofMilan’sfeesrangefrom￡140to￡3,650ayear.Theonebachelor’sdegreeofferedentirelyinEnglish-PoliticalSciences-isathree-yearcourse.WhilelivingcostsinMilanarehigh,thesignificantlylowerfeesmakeitacheaperoptionthanaBritishuniversity.1、Whichcityhasthehighesttuitionfees?A．London.B．Tianjin.C．Milan.D．Amsterdam.2、WhatmaybetheannuallivingcostinTianjinUniversity?A．￡400.B．￡2300.C．￡3600.D．￡4800.3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Englishcanbebrokendownintothreeoptions.B．TheEnglishlanguageisaccessibletotheDutch.C．IttakesyouahalfhourtocyclefromTianjintoBeijing.D．PoliticalSciencesistaughtinEnglishandItalianinMilan.第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）完形填空.ThePowerofaNoteOnmyfirstjobassportseditorfortheMontpelier(Ohio)LeaderEnterprise，Ididn’tgetalotoffanmail，1aletterthatwasdroppedonmydeskonemorningseemed2tome．WhenIopenedit，Iread:“AnicepieceofwritingontheTigers．Please3thegoodwork．”Itwas4byDonWolfe，thesportseditor．BecauseIwasateenager(beingpaidfor15centsacolumninch)，hiswordscouldn’thavebeenmore5．Ikepttheletterinmydeskdrawer6itgotrag-eared．WheneverI7whetherIhadtheabilitytobeawriter，IwouldrereadDon’snoteandfeel8again．Later，whenIgottoknowhim，IlearnedthatDonmadea9ofwritingaquick，encouragingwordtopeoplein10．“WhenImadeothersfeelgoodabout11，”hetoldme，“Ifeelgoodtoo．”Not12，hehadabodyoffriendsasbigasnearbyLakeErie．Whenhediedlastyearat75，thepaperwas13withcallsandlettersfrompeoplewhohadbeenrecipientsofhis14words．15theyears，I’vetriedtocopytheexampleofDonandotherfriends16careenoughtowriteupliftingcomments，becauseIthinktheyareontosomethingimportant．Inaworldtoooftencoldandunresponsive，such17bringwarmthandreassurance．Weallneedapushfromtimetotime，andafewlinesof18havebeenknowntoturnaroundaday，evenalife．Be19withyourpraise．Superlativeslike“greatest”“smartest”“prettiest”makeusallfeelgood．Evenifyourpraiseisalittleaheadofreality，rememberthatexpectationsareoftenthe20ofdreamsfulfilled．1、A．soB．becauseC．forD．since2、A．interestingB．strangeC．joyfulD．important3、A．takeupB．pickupC．bringupD．keepup4、A．playedB．passedC．signedD．tested5、A．inspiringB．movingC．disappointingD．depressing6、A．ifB．untilC．a(chǎn)sD．while7、A．feltB．thoughtC．wonderedD．doubted8、A．confidentB．calmC．upsetD．embarrassed9、A．differenceB．habitC．fortuneD．wish10、A．differentplacesB．otherfieldsC．a(chǎn)llwalksoflifeD．a(chǎn)llkindsofuniforms11、A．meB．himC．myselfD．themselves12、A．surprisinglyB．fearfullyC．truthfullyD．safely13、A．coveredB．filledC．floodedD．connected14、A．up-to-dateB．spirit-liftingC．sharpD．remarkable15、A．OverB．OnC．AfterD．From16、A．theyB．whatC．whichD．who17、A．booksB．newspapersC．notesD．magazines18、A．praiseB．a(chǎn)greementC．a(chǎn)dviceD．a(chǎn)dvertisement19、A．a(chǎn)wfulB．strictC．satisfiedD．generous20、A．friendsB．classmatesC．parentsD．children第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）TodaywevisitasmallmuseumintheAmericanstateofMaryland.It1．(call)theNationalCryptologicMuseum(國家密碼博物館).Thereyouwillfindinformation2．wasoncesecret.TheNationalCryptologyMuseumisonFortGeorgeG.Meade,amilitarybasenearWashington,DC．3．tellsnotonlythestoryofcryptologybutalsothemenandwomenwhohaveworkedinthis4．(usual)profession.Thewordcryptologycomes5．theGreek“kryptoslogos”Itmeans“hiddenword”Cryptologyiswritingorcommunicatinginways6．(design)tohidethemeaningofyourwords.7．museumhasmanyexamplesofequipmentthatwasonceusedtomakeinformationsecret.It8．hasequipmentthatwasdevelopedtoreadsecretmessages.Themethodof9．(hide)exactmeaningsiscalledcoding.Peoplehaveusedsecret10．(code)throughouthistorytoprotectimportantinformation.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。IamreallypleasingthatyouwillcometoourschooltostudyChinese.IthinkyouwouldfacesomedifficultiesinyourstudybecauseChineseisnoteasytolearn.Youwillalsosufferhomesicknessbecauseoflivingfarawayfromyourcountry,andthereisnoneedtofeelworried.Ourclassmatesareveryfriendlyandeasygoing,soit’llbeeasyforyoutogetusedtothelifethere.I’llintr