大學(xué)英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)練習(xí)卷（及含答案） (四)

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)試練習(xí)卷

一、閱讀理解

閱讀理解（一）

Theearliestcontroversiesabouttherelationshipbetweenphotography

andartcenteredonwhetherphotograph?sfidelitytoappearancesand

dependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineartasdistinctfrommerely

apracticalart.Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thedefenceof

photographywasidenticalwiththestruggletoestablishitasafine

art.Againstthechargethatphotographywasasoulless,mechanical

copyingofreality,photographersassertedthatitwasinsteada

privilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andno

lessworthyanartthanpainting.

Ironically,nowthatphotographyissecurelyestablishedasafineart,

manyphotographersfinditpretentiousorirrelevanttolabelitassuch.

Seriousphotographersvariouslyclaimtobefinding,recording,

impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves一

anythingbutmakingworksofart.Theyarenolongerwillingtodebate

whetherphotographyisorisnotafineart,excepttoproclaimthattheir

ownworkisnotinvolvedwithart.Itshowstheextenttowhichtheysimply

takeforgrantedtheconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism:

thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaims

ofart.

Photographers?disclaimersofanyinterestinmakingarttellusmore

abouttheharriedstatusofthecontemporarynotionofartthanabout

whetherphotographyisorisnotart.Forexample,thosephotographers

whosupposethat,bytakingpictures,theyaregettingawayfromthe

pretensionsofartasexemplifiedbypaintingremindusofthoseAbstract

Expressionistpainterswhoimaginedtheyweregettingawayfromthe

intellectualausterityofclassicalModernistpaintingbyconcentrating

onthephysicalactofpainting.Muchofphotography?sprestigetoday

derivesfromtheconvergenceofitsaimswiththoseofrecentart,

particularlywiththedismissalofabstractartimplicitinthe

phenomenonofPoppaintingduringtheI960's.Appreciatingphotographs

isarelieftosensibilitiestiredofthementalexertionsdemandedby

abstractart.ClassicalModernistpainting一thatis,abstractartas

developedindifferentwaysbyPicasso,Kandinsky,andMatisse一

presupposeshighlydevelopedskillsoflookingandafamiliaritywith

otherpaintingsandthehistoryofart.Photography,likePoppainting,

reassuresviewersthatartisnothard;photographyseemstobemoreabout

itssubjectsthanaboutart.

Photography,however,hasdevelopedalltheanxietiesand

self-consciousnessofaclassicModernistart.Manyprofessionals

privatelyhavebeguntoworrythatthepromotionofphotographyasan

activitysubversiveofthetraditionalpretensionsofarthasgoneso

farthatthepublicwillforgetthatphotographyisadistinctiveand

exaltedactivity一inshort,anart.

1.Whatistheauthormainlyconcernedwith?Theauthorisconcernedwith

[A].definingtheModernistattitudetowardart.

[B].explaininghowphotographyemergedasafineart.

[C].explainingtheattitudeofseriouscontemporaryphotographers

towardphotographyasartandplacingthoseattitudesintheirhistorical

context.

[D].definingthevariousapproachesthatseriouscontemporary

photographerstaketowardtheirartandassessingthevalueofeachof

thoseapproaches.

2.Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribes“theconceptofart

imposedbythetriumphofModernism“astheauthorrepresentsitinlines

12—13?

[A].Objective[B].Mechanical.[C].Superficial.[D].Paradoxical.

3.WhydoestheauthorintroduceAbstractExpressionistpainter?

[A].Hewantstoprovideanexampleofartistswho,likeserious

contemporaryphotographers,disavowedtraditionallyacceptedaimsof

modernart.

[B].HewantstosetforthananalogybetweentheAbstractExpressionist

paintersandclassicalModernistpainters.

[C].HewantstoprovideacontrasttoPopartistandothers.

[D].Hewantstoprovideanexplanationofwhyseriousphotography,like

othercontemporaryvisualforms,isnotandshouldnotpretendtobean

art.

4.Howdidthenineteenth-centurydefendersofphotographystressthe

photography?

[A].Theystressedphotographywasameansofmakingpeoplehappy.

[B].Itwasartforrecordingtheworld.

[C].Itwasadeviceforobservingtheworldimpartially.

[D].Itwasanartcomparabletopainting.

閱讀理解（二）

IntheUnitedStates,itisnotcustomarytotelephonesomenoneveryearly

inthemorning.Ifyoutelephonehimearlyintheday,whileheisshaving

orhavingbreakfast,thetimeofthecallshowsthatthematterisvery

importantandrequiresimmediateattention.Thesamemeaningisattached

totelephonecallsmadeafter11:00p.m..Ifsomeonereceivesacall

duringsleepinghours,heassumesit'samatteroflifeordeath.The

timechosenforthecallcommunicatesitsimportance.Insociallife,

timeplaysaveryimportantpart.IntheU.S.

A.gueststendtofeeltheyarenothighlyregardediftheinvitation

toadinnerpartyisextendedonlythreeorfourdaysbeforetheparty

date.Butitisnottrueinallcountries.Inotherareasoftheworld,

itmaybeconsideredfoolishtomakeanappointmenttoofarinadvance

becauseplanswhicharemadeforadatemorethanaweekawaytendto

beforgotten.ThemeaningofthimediffersindifferentpartsoftheworlD.

Thus,misunderstandingsarisebetweenpeopelfromculturesthattreat

timedifferently.PromptnessisvaluedhighlyinAmericanlife,for

edample.Ifpeoplearenotprompt,theymayberegardedasimpoliteor

notfullyresponsible.IntheU.S.nonoewouldthinkofkeepinga

businessassociatewaitingforanhour,itwouldbetooimpolite.A

personwhois5minuteslate,hewillsayafewwordsofexplanation,

thoughperhapshewillnotcompletethesentence.

1.“Thesamemeaningisattachedtotelephonecallsmadeafter11:00

p.m..“Here"attached"means

A.takenB.drawnC.givenD.shown

2.Supposingonewantstomakeatelephonecallatdawn,thiswould

mean.

A.thematterisimportantB.thematterissomewhatimportantC.thematter

requiresimmediateattentionD.itisamatteroflifeanddeath

3.Accordingtothis,timeplaysanimportantrolein.

A.everydaylifeB.shoollifeC.communicationsD.privatelife

4.Thebesttitleforthisis.

A.thevoicesoftimeB.theimportanceoftimeC.theimportanceofan

ammouncementD.timeandtidewaitfornoman

5.Accordingtothe,theauthorofthearticlemayagreetowhichofthe

followingstatements?

A.Itisappropriatetosendyourinvitationcardsthreeorfourdays

beforeadinnerpartydateinU.S.A

B.Itmaybeappropriatetosendyourinvitationtoyourgueststhreeor

fourdaysbeforeadinnerpartydateinsomecultures.

C.Itisbestforonetomaketelephonecallsatnightbecauseitcosts

muchless.

D.Ifoneislessthan5minuteslate,hehastomakeashortapology.

二、完型填空

完型填空(一)

Mostparents,Isuppose,havehadtheexperienceofreadingabedtime

storytotheirchildren.Andtheymusthave1howdifficultitistowrite

a2children'sbook.Eithertheauthorhasaimedtoo3,sothatthe

childrencan'tfollowwhatisinhis(ormoreoften,her)story,4the

storyseemstobetalkingtothereaders.Thebestchildren'sbooksare

5verydifficultnorverysimple,andsatisfyboththe6whohears

thestoryandtheadultwho7it.Unfortunately,thereareinfact8books

likethis,9theproblemoffindingtherightbedtimestoryisnot10to

solve.Thismaybewhymanyofbooksregardedas11ofchildren's

literaturewereinfactwrittenfor12.“Alice'sAdventureinWonderland”

isperhapsthemost13ofthis.Children,leftforthemselves,often14

theworstpossibleinterestinliterature.Justleaveachildinbookshop

o15andhewill16willinglychoosethebookswritteninanimaginative

way,orhavealookatmostchildren'scomics,fullofthestoriesand

jokeswhicharethe17ofteachersandright-thinkingparents.Perhapswe

parentsshouldstoptryingtobrainwashchildrensintos18ourtastein

literature.Afterallchildrenandadultsareso19thatweparentsshould

notexpectthattheywillenjoythe20books.SoIsupposewe'11just

havetocompromiseoverthatbedtimestory.

1.A.hopedB.realizedC.toldD.said

2.A.shortB.longC.badD.good

3.A.easyB.shortC.highD.difficult

4.A.andB.butC.orD.so

5.A.bothB.neitherC.eitherD.very

6.A.childB.fatherC.motherD.teacher.

7.A.hearsB.buysC.understandsD.reads

8.A.fewB.manyC.agreatdealofD.agreatnumberof

9.A.butB.howeverC.soD.because10A.hardB.easyC.enough

D.fast

11.A.articlesB.workC.artsD.works

12.A.grownupsB.girlsC.boysD.children

13.A.difficultB.hiddenC.obviousD.easy

14.A.areB.showC.findD.add

15.A.schoolB.homeC.officeD.library

16.A.moreB.lessC.ableD.be

17.A.lovingnessB.interestsC.objectionsD.readings

18.A.receivingB.acceptingC.havingD.refusing

19.A.sameB.friendlyC.differentD.common

20.A.commonB.avarageC.differentD.Same

完型填空(二)

Agreatdealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytotheso-calleddigital

divide-thedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandthe

infopoor.Andthat_1__doesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedabout

thisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwasless_2_then,however,

werethenew,positive_3_thatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.

_4_,therearereasonstobe_5_.Therearetechnologicalreasonsto

hopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.AstheInternetbecomesmoreand

more_6_,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalize

access-afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotential_7__there

are.Moreandmore_8―,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleft_9_,want

tospreadInternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwo

billionpeopleontheplanetwillbe_10_together.Asaresult,Inow

believethedigitaldividewill_11_ratherthanwidenintheyears

aheaD.AndthatisverygoodnewsbecausetheInternetmaywellbethe

mostpowerfultoolfor_12_worldpovertythatwe'veeverhaD.Ofcourse,

theuseoftheInternetisn，ttheonlywayto_13_poverty.Andthe

Internetisnottheonlytoolwehave.Butithas_14_potential.To

_15_advantageofthistool,somepoorcountrieswillhavetogetover

theiroutdatedanti-colonialprejudices_16_respecttoforeign

investment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisa/an_17_

oftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryof_18_(thebasic

structuralfoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.Whenthe

UnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialinfrastructure,itdidn,thavethe

capitaltodoso.Andthatis_19_America,sSecondWave

infrastructure-_20_roads,harbors,highways,portsandsoon-were

builtwithforeigninvestment.

1.A)divideB)informationC)worldD)lecture

2.A)obscureB)visibleC)invisibleD)indistinct

3.A)forcesB)obstaclesC)eventsD)surprises

4.A)SeriouslyB)EntirelyC)ActuallyD)Continuously

5.A)negativeB)optimisticC)pleasantD)disappointed

6.A)developedB)centralizedC)realizedD)commercialized

7.A)usersB)producersC)customersD)citizens

8.A)enterprisesB)governmentsC)officialsD)customers

9.A)awayB)forC)asideD)behind

10.A)nettedB)workedC)putD)organized

11.A)decreaseB)narrowC)neglectD)low

12.A)containingB)preventingC)keepingD)combating

13.A)winB)detailC)defeatD)fear

14.A)enormousB)countlessC)numericalD)big

15.A)bringB)keepC)holdD)take

16.A)atB)withC)ofD)for

17.A)offenceB)investmentC)invasionD)insult

18.A)constructionB)facilityC)infrastructureD)institution

19.A)whyB)whereC)whenD)how

20.A)concerningB)concludingC)accordingD)including

三、翻譯

1、Thetrainwasdelayedonaccountofsnow.

翻譯：.

2.Youneedtocheckinonhourbeforetheflight.

翻譯：__________________________________________________

3.ThoughtscanalsobeexpressedbymeansofmusiC.

翻譯：_______________________________________________________

4、Theshopisnowlicensedtosellcigarettes.

翻譯：.

5、Youmustn'tletthebodytemperaturedroptoolow.

翻譯：____________________________________________________

參考答案：

一、閱讀理解：

閱讀理解（一）

答案祥解

I.C.說(shuō)明當(dāng)代嚴(yán)肅的攝影家對(duì)攝影作為藝術(shù)的態(tài)度，并把他們這些態(tài)度放在歷

史的進(jìn)程來(lái)觀察。見(jiàn)文章大意。他們先為攝影是否是藝術(shù)而爭(zhēng)辯，后為否定其藝

術(shù)而努力。重點(diǎn)放在主題上。

A.界定顯得主義者對(duì)藝術(shù)的態(tài)度。B.解釋攝影是如何作為美術(shù)出現(xiàn)的。第一

段涉及，見(jiàn)難句譯注2。D.界定當(dāng)代嚴(yán)肅攝影家對(duì)待他們藝術(shù)所具有的各種觀

點(diǎn)，并評(píng)定每種觀點(diǎn)的價(jià)值。這三項(xiàng)只是文內(nèi)提到的某些方面，不是主要的。

2.D.矛盾的。見(jiàn)難句譯注3。

A.客觀的。B.機(jī)械的。C.表面的。

3.A.他要列舉這樣藝術(shù)家的例子，他們象當(dāng)代嚴(yán)肅的攝影家一樣拋棄了傳統(tǒng)上

被接受的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)目的。見(jiàn)第三段第二句：“舉例說(shuō)，這些認(rèn)為通過(guò)拍照可以擺

脫繪畫(huà)所表現(xiàn)的藝術(shù)的矯飾的攝影家，使我們想起了那些抽象表現(xiàn)主義繪畫(huà)的嚴(yán)

肅的思想?！?/p>

B.他想在抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫(huà)家和古典現(xiàn)代主義畫(huà)家之間找出相似點(diǎn)。C.他要在

流行藝術(shù)家和其它藝術(shù)家之間作一個(gè)對(duì)比。D.他想解釋為什么嚴(yán)肅攝影，象其

它當(dāng)代視覺(jué)形式一樣不是藝術(shù)，而且也不應(yīng)當(dāng)充作藝術(shù)。

4.D.攝影是一種藝術(shù)，可以和油畫(huà)相比美。見(jiàn)難句譯注2。

A.他們強(qiáng)調(diào)攝影是使人們快樂(lè)的手段。B,是記錄世界的藝術(shù)。C.攝影是公正

觀察世界的工具。

閱讀理解（二）

答案：CDCAB

二、完型填空

完型填空（一）

1.【答案】B按意義選詞，肯定知道。

2.【答案】D按意義選詞，寫(xiě)出一本好的兒童讀物是多么的難，應(yīng)選goodo

3.【答案】C目標(biāo)定的太高，應(yīng)選higho

4.【答案】C根據(jù)前面的either推斷，應(yīng)選or。

5.【答案】B依據(jù)后文nor應(yīng)選neither,搭配一致。

6.【答案】A后文whohearsthestory這一定語(yǔ)暗示應(yīng)選childo

7.【答案】D按意義選詞，讀書(shū)的成年人，應(yīng)選readso

8.【答案】A根據(jù)unfortunately和infact應(yīng)選few。

9.【答案】C得出結(jié)論，所以找一本合適的bedtimestory這個(gè)難題不易解決，

應(yīng)選SOo

10.【答案】B根據(jù)9,應(yīng)選easyo

11.【答案】D應(yīng)和句子前面many對(duì)應(yīng)起來(lái)，選works,同時(shí)應(yīng)和下文的

uchildrensliterature”~'致。

12.【答案】A根據(jù)下文“許多孩子不愿看這一類的兒童文學(xué)作品”，所以，這

些作品實(shí)際上是給成年人看的，因此，選grownupso

13.【答案】C"AlicesAdventureinWonderland”這一點(diǎn)最為明顯，應(yīng)選

obvious□

14.【答案】B依據(jù)后文interest應(yīng)選show。

15.【答案】Dhome和office顯然不行，school不夠具體，太籠統(tǒng)，應(yīng)選

library□

16.【答案】A根據(jù)詞和文章的意義選擇，更愿意選擇用想象力的方法寫(xiě)成的書(shū)。

17.【答案】C這些書(shū)是為老師和思想正統(tǒng)的父母所反對(duì)的，應(yīng)選objections。

18.【答案】B根據(jù)意義選詞，接受我們對(duì)文學(xué)的興趣，應(yīng)選ac